Sensitivity: Client Confidential

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2020

☐ Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-33625

VIRTUSA CORPORATION

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)


Delaware				04-3512883
(State or Other Jurisdiction of				(I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization)				Identification Number)

132 Turnpike Rd

Southborough, Massachusetts

(Address of principal executive offices)

01772

(Zip Code)

(508) 389-7300

(Telephone Number,

Including Area Code,)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

Trading Symbol(s)

VRTU

Name of each exchange on which registered
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ☒		Accelerated Filer ☐

Non-Accelerated Filer ☐		Smaller reporting company ☐
		Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s class of common stock, as of February 4, 2021:


Class		Number of Shares
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share		30,340,986

Table of Contents

Virtusa Corporation and Subsidiaries



		Page

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		3
Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020	3
	Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended December 31, 2020 and 2019	4
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three and Nine Months Ended December 31, 2020 and 2019	5
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholder’s Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended December 31, 2020 and 2019	6
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended December 31, 2020 and 2019	8
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	10
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	30
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	50
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	51
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		52
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	52
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	52
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	55
Item 6.	Exhibits	56
SIGNATURES		57

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Virtusa Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	December 31, 2020		March 31, 2020
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	347,173	$	290,837
Short-term investments		2,633		9,785
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $1,085 and $1,541 at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020, respectively		140,012		148,950
Unbilled accounts receivable		79,681		137,839
Prepaid expenses		54,155		55,574
Restricted cash		5,786		659
Assets held for sale		—		8,334
Other current assets		33,338		29,214
Total current assets		662,778		681,192
Property and equipment, net		97,614		101,250
Operating lease right-of-use assets		40,750		48,684
Investments accounted for using equity method		—		1,336
Long-term investments		22		4
Deferred income taxes		29,715		30,225
Goodwill		295,591		296,493
Intangible assets, net		119,202		130,903
Other long-term assets		34,421		46,980
Total assets	$	1,280,093	$	1,337,067
Liabilities, Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	25,253	$	38,537
Accrued employee compensation and benefits		97,364		79,373
Deferred revenue		15,484		8,054
Accrued expenses and other		82,733		95,124
Current portion of long-term debt		20,083		16,043
Operating lease liabilities		11,552		11,543
Income taxes payable		11,530		3,233
Total current liabilities		263,999		251,907
Deferred income taxes		15,239		16,067
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent		34,468		41,697
Long-term debt, less current portion		358,441		480,154
Long-term liabilities		42,007		42,475
Total liabilities		714,154		832,300
Commitments and contingencies
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock: par value $0.01 per share, 108,000 shares authorized, 108,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020; redemption amount and liquidation preference of $108,000 at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020		107,450		107,326
Stockholders’ equity:
Undesignated preferred stock, $0.01 par value; Authorized 5,000,000 shares at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020		—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value; Authorized 120,000,000 shares at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020; issued 33,717,535 and 33,518,389 shares at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020, respectively; outstanding 30,331,971 and 30,132,825 shares at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020, respectively		337		335
Treasury stock, 3,385,564 common shares, at cost, at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020		(58,332)		(58,332)
Additional paid-in capital		257,187		246,862
Retained earnings		325,679		293,831
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(66,382)		(85,255)
Total Stockholders' equity		458,489		397,441
Total liabilities, Series A convertible preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity	$	1,280,093	$	1,337,067

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statement

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Virtusa Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Revenue	$	346,100	$	335,107	$	964,352	$	982,632
Costs of revenue		232,142		236,427		697,772		709,746
Gross profit		113,958		98,680		266,580		272,886
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses		72,507		68,270		205,248		209,813
Income from operations		41,451		30,410		61,332		63,073
Other income (expense):
Interest income		230		520		698		1,744
Interest expense		(5,187)		(4,873)		(16,222)		(14,616)
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses), net		1,126		(3,065)		3,983		(5,300)
Other, net		(397)		209		1,145		1,137
Total other expense		(4,228)		(7,209)		(10,396)		(17,035)
Income before income tax expense		37,223		23,201		50,936		46,038
Income tax expense		11,776		10,363		15,826		19,932
Net income		25,447		12,838		35,110		26,106
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax		—		118		—		450
Net income available to Virtusa stockholders		25,447		12,720		35,110		25,656
Less: Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion		1,087		1,087		3,262		3,262
Net income available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	24,360	$	11,633	$	31,848	$	22,394
Basic earnings per share available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	0.80	$	0.39	$	1.05	$	0.75
Diluted earnings per share available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	0.75	$	0.38	$	1.04	$	0.73

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

Table of Contents

Virtusa Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)


	Three Months Ended					Nine Months Ended
	December 31,					December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019

Net income	$	25,447	$	12,838	$	35,110	$	26,106
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment		5,933		4,630		13,618		(2,106)
Pension plan adjustment, net of tax effect		114		79		285		(606)
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale debt securities, net of tax effect		—		—		—		—
Unrealized gain (loss) on effective cash flow hedges, net of tax effect		762		(2,817)		4,970		(5,031)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	6,809	$	1,892	$	18,873	$	(7,743)
Comprehensive income		32,256		14,730		53,983		18,363
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest, net of tax		—		484		—		849
Comprehensive income available to Virtusa stockholders	$	32,256	$	14,246	$	53,983	$	17,514

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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Virtusa Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

For the Three and Nine Months Ended December 31, 2020 and 2019

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share amounts)


											Accumulated
							Additional				Other		Total
	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Paid-in		Retained		Comprehensive		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital		Earnings		Loss		Equity
Balance at March 31, 2020	33,518,389	$	335	(3,385,564)	$	(58,332)	$	246,862	$	293,831	$	(85,255)	$	397,441
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options	5,741		—	—		—		92		—		—		92
Restricted stock awards vested	108,414		1	—		—		(1)		—		—		—
Restricted stock awards withheld for tax	—		—	—		—		(1,914)		—		—		(1,914)
Share-based compensation	—		—	—		—		3,592		—		—		3,592
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion	—		—	—		—		—		(1,087)		—		(1,087)
Other comprehensive income	—		—	—		—		—		—		4,281		4,281
Net income	—		—	—		—		—		894		—		894
Balance at June 30, 2020	33,632,544	$	336	(3,385,564)	$	(58,332)	$	248,631	$	293,638	$	(80,974)	$	403,299
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options	24,868		—	—		—		472		—		—		472
Restricted stock awards vested	37,661		1	—		—		(1)		—		—		—
Restricted stock awards withheld for tax	—		—	—		—		(167)		—		—		(167)
Share-based compensation	—		—	—		—		4,078		—		—		4,078
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion	—		—	—		—		—		(1,088)		—		(1,088)
Other comprehensive income	—		—	—		—		—		—		7,783		7,783
Net income	—		—	—		—		—		8,769		—		8,769
Balance at September 30, 2020	33,695,073	$	337	(3,385,564)	$	(58,332)	$	253,013	$	301,319	$	(73,191)	$	423,146
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options	15,037		—	—		—		257		—		—		257
Restricted stock awards vested	7,425		—	—		—		—		—		—		—
Restricted stock awards withheld for tax	—		—	—		—		(110)		—		—		(110)
Share-based compensation	—		—	—		—		4,027		—		—		4,027
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion	—		—	—		—		—		(1,087)		—		(1,087)
Other comprehensive income	—		—	—		—		—		—		6,809		6,809
Net income	—		—	—		—		—		25,447		—		25,447
Balance at December 31, 2020	33,717,535	$	337	(3,385,564)	$	(58,332)	$	257,187	$	325,679	$	(66,382)	$	458,489

Table of Contents


											Accumulated		Total
							Additional				Other		Virtusa				Total		Redeemable
	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Paid-in		Retained		Comprehensive		Stockholders’		Noncontrolling		Stockholders’		Noncontrolling
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital		Earnings		Loss		Equity		Interest		Equity		Interest
Balance at March 31, 2019	33,012,775	$	330	(2,879,999)	$	(39,652)	$	239,204	$	250,279	$	(59,387)	$	390,774	$	—	$	390,774	$	23,576
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options	13,416		—	—		—		194		—		—		194		—		194		8
Restricted stock awards vested	96,763		1	—		—		(1)		—		—		—		—		—		—
Restricted stock awards withheld for tax	—		—	—		—		(2,011)		—		—		(2,011)		—		(2,011)		—
Share-based compensation	—		—	—		—		6,674		—		—		6,674		—		6,674		—
Adjustments of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value	—		—	—		—		18		—		—		18		—		18		170
Purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interest related to Polaris	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(5,549)
Foreign currency translation on redeemable noncontrolling interest	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		116
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion	—		—	—		—		—		(1,087)		—		(1,087)		—		(1,087)		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		—		(1,194)		(1,194)		—		(1,194)		144
Net income	—		—	—		—		—		5,834		—		5,834		—		5,834		186
Balance at June 30, 2019	33,122,954	$	331	(2,879,999)	$	(39,652)	$	244,078	$	255,026	$	(60,581)	$	399,202	$	—	$	399,202	$	18,651
Restricted stock awards vested	101,178		1	—		—		(1)		—		—		—		—		—		—
Restricted stock awards withheld for tax	—		—	—		—		(1,647)		—		—		(1,647)		—		(1,647)		—
Share-based compensation	—		—	—		—		5,829		—		—		5,829		—		5,829		—
Repurchase of common stock	—		—	(505,565)		(18,680)		—		—		—		(18,680)		—		(18,680)		—
Adjustments of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value	—		—	—		—		25		—		—		25		—		25		101
Purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interest related to Polaris	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(3,126)
Foreign currency translation on redeemable noncontrolling interest	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(533)
Reclassification of noncontrolling interest from temporary equity to permanent equity	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		15,093		15,093		(15,093)
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion	—		—	—		—		—		(1,088)		—		(1,088)		—		(1,088)		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		—		(8,474)		(8,474)		(111)		(8,585)		—
Net income	—		—	—		—		—		7,102		—		7,102		146		7,248		—
Balance at September 30, 2019	33,224,132	$	332	(3,385,564)	$	(58,332)	$	248,284	$	261,040	$	(69,055)	$	382,269	$	15,128	$	397,397	$	—
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options	15,914		—	—		—		233		—		—		233		—		233		—
Restricted stock awards vested	6,027		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Restricted stock awards withheld for tax	—		—	—		—		(126)		—		—		(126)		—		(126)		—
Share-based compensation	—		—	—		—		5,750		—		—		5,750		—		5,750		—
Reclassification of noncontrolling interest from permanent equity to liability	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		(13,564)		(13,564)		—
Adjustments for reclassification of noncontrolling interest	—		—	—		—		2,011		—		—		2,011		(2,048)		(37)		—
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion	—		—	—		—		—		(1,087)		—		(1,087)		—		(1,087)		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		—		1,526		1,526		366		1,892		—
Net income	—		—	—		—		—		12,720		—		12,720		118		12,838		—
Balance at December 31, 2019	33,246,073	$	332	(3,385,564)	$	(58,332)	$	256,152	$	272,673	$	(67,529)	$	403,296	$	—	$	403,296	$	—

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

Table of Contents

Virtusa Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)


	Nine Months Ended
	December 31,
	2020		2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	35,110	$	26,106
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		25,930		23,672
Share-based compensation expense		11,697		18,285
Gain on redemption of equity method investment		(1,179)		—
Provision (recovery) for doubtful accounts		(22)		26
Loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment		543		(403)
Impairment of investment		—		184
Foreign currency transaction (gains) losses, net		(3,983)		5,300
Amortization of discounts and premiums on investments		—		(6)
Impairment of operating lease right-of-use asset		1,413		—
Amortization of debt issuance cost		1,148		863
Deferred income taxes, net		39		(970)
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable and unbilled receivable		80,130		19,129
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		7,178		(1,258)
Other long-term assets		2,152		(11,239)
Accounts payable		(14,870)		(12,730)
Accrued employee compensation and benefits		8,861		4,611
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		8,828		1,895
Operating lease liabilities		(715)		172
Income taxes payable		5,676		2,537
Other long-term liabilities		3,480		(1,720)
Net cash provided by operating activities		171,416		74,454
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment		11,902		825
Purchase of short-term investments		(42)		(34,969)
Proceeds from sale or maturity of short-term investments		7,217		47,716
Payment for asset acquisitions		(27)		(9,192)
Payment of contingent consideration of asset acquisitions		—		(942)
Payment of deferred consideration related to business acquisitions		(10,313)		(17,500)
Purchase of property and equipment		(5,865)		(10,865)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		2,872		(24,927)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options		821		427
Proceeds from exercise of subsidiary stock options		—		93
Payment of debt issuance costs		(813)		(808)
Proceeds from revolving credit facility		—		36,000
Payment of debt		(13,008)		(9,141)
Repurchase of common stock		—		(18,680)
Payments of withholding taxes related to net share settlements of restricted stock		(2,191)		(3,783)
Purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interest related to Polaris		—		(8,675)
Payment of noncontrolling interest		—		(12,534)
Principal payments on capital lease obligation		—		(36)
Payment of dividend on Series A Convertible Preferred Stock		(3,138)		(3,138)
Payment of debt issuance costs		—		—
Payment of revolving credit facility		(105,000)		—
Payment of contingent consideration related to acquisitions		(5,767)		—
Net cash used in financing activities		(129,096)		(20,275)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		16,269		(131)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash		61,461		29,121
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year		291,601		190,113
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	353,062	$	219,234

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Virtusa Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets:



	December 31, 2020		March 31, 2020
Balance sheet classification
Cash and cash equivalents	$	347,173	$	290,837

Restricted cash in current assets		5,786		659
Restricted cash in other long-term assets		103		105
Total restricted cash	$	5,889	$	764
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	353,062	$	291,601

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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Virtusa Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(1) Nature of the Business

Virtusa Corporation (the “Company”, “Virtusa”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is a global provider of digital business strategy, digital engineering and information technology (“IT”) services and solutions that help clients change, disrupt, and unlock new value through innovation engineering. We support Global 2000 clients across key industries including banking, financial services, insurance, healthcare, communications, technology, and media and entertainment. We help improve business performance through accelerating revenue growth, delivering compelling consumer experiences, improving operational efficiencies, and lowering overall IT costs. We provide services across the entire spectrum of the IT services lifecycle, from consulting, to technology and user experience (“UX”) design, development of IT applications, systems integration, digital engineering, testing and business assurance, and maintenance and support services, including cloud, infrastructure and managed services. We help our clients solve critical business problems by leveraging a combination of our distinctive consulting approach, end-to-end digital engineering capabilities, unique platforming methodology, and deep domain and technology expertise.

Virtusa helps clients grow their business with innovative services that create operational efficiency using digital labor, future-proof operational and IT platforms, and rationalization and modernization of IT applications infrastructure. We help organizations realize the benefits of digital transformation and cloud transformation by bringing together digital infrastructure, analytics and intelligence and customer experience by engineering the digital enterprise of tomorrow on the cloud. We deliver cost effective solutions through a global delivery model, applying advanced methods such as Agile, an industry standard technique designed to accelerate application development. We use our Digital Transformation Studio (“DTS”) engineering tools to drive software development lifecycle automation to improve quality, enabling speed and increasing productivity. Our proprietary DTS was built by Virtusa’s engineering teams that have decades of industry knowledge and experience. These teams are certified and leverage Virtusa’s industry leading tools and assets, providing increased speed and transparency.

Headquartered in Massachusetts, we have offices throughout the Americas, Europe, Middle East and Asia, with significant global delivery centers in the United States, India, Sri Lanka, Hungary, Singapore and Malaysia. We also have many employees who work with our clients either onsite or virtually, which offers flexibility for both clients and employees.

(2) Unaudited Interim Financial Information

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and Article 10 of Regulation S-X under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements (and notes thereto) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on May 28, 2020. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such SEC rules and regulations. In the opinion of the Company’s management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been included, and all material adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. Operating results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected to occur for the entire fiscal year.

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Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a consolidated basis and reflect the financial statements of Virtusa Corporation and all of its subsidiaries that are directly or indirectly more than 50% owned or controlled. When the Company does not have a controlling interest in an entity, but exerts a significant influence on the entity, the Company applies the equity method of accounting. For those majority-owned subsidiaries that are not 100% owned by the Company, the interests of the minority owners are accounted for as noncontrolling interests.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, including the recoverability of tangible assets, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported period. Management re-evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis. The most significant estimates relate to the recognition of revenue and profits based on the percentage of completion method of accounting for fixed-price contracts, share-based compensation, income taxes, including reserves for uncertain tax positions, deferred taxes and liabilities, intangible assets and valuation of financial instruments including derivative contracts and investments. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other factors and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The actual amounts may vary from the estimates used in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

At December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020, the carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, unbilled accounts receivable, restricted cash, accounts payable, accrued employee compensation and benefits, other accrued expenses and long-term debt, approximate their fair values due to the nature of the items. See Note 7 for a discussion of the fair value of the Company’s other financial instruments.

Recent accounting pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Unless otherwise discussed below, the adoption of new accounting standards did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which modifies the measurement of expected credit losses of certain financial instruments. The FASB subsequently issued guidance which provide clarifications and improvements to this new standard. The amendments in this update changed how companies measure and recognize credit impairment for many financial assets. The new credit loss model requires companies to immediately recognize an estimate of credit losses expected to occur over the remaining life of the financial assets (including accounts receivables) that are in the scope of the update. The standard update also made amendments to the current impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. This update requires financial assets measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. This update is effective for public entities from fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years.

The Company adopted this standard (“ASC Topic 326”) effective April 1, 2020 using a modified retrospective approach. Prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historical accounting policies. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements, therefore, the Company did not record any cumulative adjustments to the opening retained earnings in the consolidated financial statements.

See Note 9, “Revenues and Accounts Receivable” for additional information regarding credit losses.

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New Accounting Pronouncements

Unless otherwise discussed below, the Company believes the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), which enhances and simplifies various aspects of the income tax accounting guidance, including requirements such as step up in the tax basis of goodwill should be considered part of the business combination in which the book goodwill was originally recognized and when it should be considered a separate transaction, ownership changes in investments, and interim-period accounting for enacted changes in tax law. The standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

(3) Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share available to Virtusa common stockholders (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income, less any dividends and accretion of issuance cost on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. In computing diluted EPS, the Company adjusts the numerator used in the basic EPS computation, subject to anti-dilution requirements, to add back the dividends (declared or cumulative undeclared) applicable to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. Such add-back would also include any adjustments to equity in the period to accrete the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to its redemption price. The Company adjusts the denominator used in the basic EPS computation, subject to anti-dilution requirements, to include the dilution from potential shares resulting from the issuance of restricted stock units, unvested restricted stock and stock options along with the conversion of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to common stock. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS for the periods set forth below:

The components of basic earnings per share are as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Numerators:
Net income available to Virtusa stockholders	$	25,447	$	12,720	$	35,110	$	25,656
Less: Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion		(1,087)		(1,087)		(3,262)		(3,262)
Net income available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	24,360	$	11,633	$	31,848	$	22,394
Denominators:
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding		30,319,615		29,849,368		30,252,264		30,041,740
Basic earnings per share available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	0.80	$	0.39	$	1.05	$	0.75

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The components of diluted earnings per share are as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Numerators:
Net income available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	24,360	$	11,633	$	31,848	$	22,394
Add : Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion		1,087		1,087		—		—
Net income available to Virtusa common stockholders and assumed conversion	$	25,447	$	12,720	$	31,848	$	22,394
Denominators:
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding		30,319,615		29,849,368		30,252,264		30,041,740
Dilutive effect of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock if converted		3,000,000		3,000,000		—		—
Dilutive effect of employee stock options and unvested restricted stock awards and restricted stock units		577,981		608,863		412,878		658,529
Weighted average shares—diluted		33,897,596		33,458,231		30,665,142		30,700,269
Diluted earnings per share available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	0.75	$	0.38	$	1.04	$	0.73

During the three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, unvested restricted stock awards and unvested restricted stock units issuable for, and options to purchase 823 and 24,037 shares of common stock, respectively, were excluded from the calculations of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 all of the 3,000,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were included in the calculations of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

During the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, unvested restricted stock awards and unvested restricted stock units issuable for, and options to purchase 127,504 and 100,434 shares of common stock, respectively, were excluded from the calculations of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, all of the 3,000,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were excluded in the calculations of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

(4) Proposed Merger with Austin HoldCo Inc., an entity wholly-owned by funds affiliated with Baring Private Equity Asia

On September 9, 2020, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), with Austin HoldCo Inc., an entity wholly-owned by funds affiliated with Baring Private Equity Asia (“Parent”), and Austin BidCo Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“Sub”), with respect to the acquisition of the Company by Parent for $51.35 in cash for each share of Virtusa common stock.

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Sub will be merged with and into the Company (the “Merger”), with the Company surviving the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent. Consummation of the Merger is subject to various conditions, including, among others, customary conditions relating to the approval of the Merger Agreement by the requisite vote of the Company’s stockholders, the receipt of certain foreign regulatory approvals and the approval or other clearance of the Committee on Foreign Investments in the United States (“CFIUS”). The applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (“HSR Act”), with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement expired on October 23, 2020 without any review. Consummation of the Merger is not subject to any financing condition, and is expected to occur in the first half of calendar year 2021. On December 21, 2020, the Company received written notice from the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (“CFIUS”) that it had concluded its review under Section 721 of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended, of the Merger. CFIUS determined that there are no unresolved national security concerns with respect to the Merger. Receipt of the CFIUS clearance satisfies a certain condition to the closing of the Merger. On November 20, 2020, via a special meeting

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of stockholders, the stockholders of the Company approved and adopted the Merger Agreement. On January 11, 2021, the Competition Commission of India (“CCI”) approved the Merger. The closing of the Merger remains subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the remaining conditions to the Merger set forth in the Merger Agreement.

The Company expects to incur significant costs, expenses and fees for professional services and other transaction costs in connection with the Merger. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, the Company incurred approximately $6,367 as transaction costs in connection with the Merger. If the Merger Agreement is terminated under specified circumstances, the Company may be required to pay a termination fee of $54,330 to Austin HoldCo Inc.

(5) Business Combinations

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company acquired three individually immaterial businesses with an aggregate purchase price of $29,624 being paid at closing and a deferred consideration of $10,313 payable within a one-year period. The purchase price is also subject to adjustment after the closing of up to an additional $28,853 in contingent consideration, in the aggregate, upon the achievement of certain revenue and operating margin targets. The performance period for these targets are ranging from 12 months to 24 months from the respective acquisition date. These acquisitions enhanced the breadth and depth of digital offerings and expanded the Company’s relationship with certain existing customers.

Under the purchase method of accounting, assets acquired are recorded at their estimated fair values. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, the Company completed its purchase price allocation for all of the three acquired businesses. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, the Company paid $10,313 in deferred consideration and $4,051 in contingent consideration related to these acquisitions. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded $5,942 as a reduction of goodwill related to updating the fair value assessment of contingent consideration of $4,178, customer relationships of $1,513 and other adjustments of $251.

The following table shows the aggregate purchase price allocation for these acquisitions:


	Amount		Useful Life
Consideration Transferred:
Cash paid at closing	$	29,624
Deferred consideration payable		10,313
Fair value of contingent consideration		20,786
Fair value of consideration		60,723
Less: Cash acquired		(477)
Total purchase price, net of cash acquired	$	60,246
Assets and Liabilities:
Cash and cash equivalents		477
Goodwill		21,374
Customer relationships		39,319	5 -7 years
Other net		(447)
Total purchase price	$	60,723

The primary items that generated goodwill for these acquisitions are the value of the acquired assembled workforce and other benefits expected to result from combining the acquired operations with those of the Company, neither of which qualify as a separate intangible asset.

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During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded $453 in the Company’s consolidated statements income as fair value changes to the contingent consideration related to events that occurred in the current period. As of December 31, 2020, the fair value of contingent consideration for these acquisitions is $16,405.

(6) Investment Securities

At December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020, all of the Company’s investment securities were classified as time deposits, available-for-sale debt securities and equity securities. These were carried on its balance sheet at their fair market value. A fair market value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs was used to measure each security (See Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the fair value of the Company’s other financial instruments).

The following is a summary of investment securities at December 31, 2020:


			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Time Deposits:
Current	$	1,851	$	—	$	—	$	1,851
Equity securities:
Mutual funds:
Current		652		130		—		782
Equity Shares/ Options:
Non-current		1		21		—		22
Total investment securities	$	2,504	$	151	$	—	$	2,655

The following is a summary of investment securities at March 31, 2020:


			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Time deposits:
Current	$	3,927	$	—	$	—	$	3,927
Equity securities:
Mutual funds:
Current		5,623		235		—		5,858
Equity Shares/ Options:
Non-current		1		3		—		4
Total investment securities	$	9,551	$	238	$	—	$	9,789

The Company evaluates available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses to determine whether a credit loss exists. The estimate of credit loss is determined by considering available information relevant to the collectability of the security and information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The allowance for credit loss is recorded as a charge to other income (expense), not to exceed the amount of the unrealized loss. Any excess unrealized loss greater than the credit loss is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"). We assess expected credit losses at the end of each reporting period and adjust the allowance through other income (expense). The Company does not hold any available-for-sale debt securities as of December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020.

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Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale debt and equity securities and the gross gains and losses that have been included in earnings as a result of those sales were as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Proceeds from sales or maturities of available-for-sale debt securities and equity securities	$	649	$	9,476	$	7,217	$	47,716
Gross gains	$	—	$	123	$	176	$	563
Gross losses		—		—		—		—
Net realized gains on sales of available-for-sale debt securities and equity securities	$	—	$	123	$	176	$	563

(7) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company carries certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis on its consolidated balance sheets. The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2020


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Investments:
Time deposits—current	$	—	$	1,851		—	$	1,851
Equity securities—current		—		782		—		782
Equity securities—non-current		—		22		—		22
Derivative financial instruments:
Foreign currency derivative contracts—current		—		1,759		—		1,759
Foreign currency derivative contracts—non-current		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swap contracts		—		—		—		—
Total assets	$	—	$	4,414	$	—	$	4,414
Liabilities:
Foreign currency derivative contracts—current		—		1,186		—		1,186
Foreign currency derivative contracts—non-current		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swap contracts—non-current		—		8,884		—		8,884
Contingent consideration		—		—		16,405		16,405
Total liabilities	$	—	$	10,070	$	16,405	$	26,475

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The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2020:


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Investments:
Time deposits—current	$	—	$	3,927		—	$	3,927
Equity securities—current		—		5,858		—		5,858
Equity securities—non-current		—		4		—		4
Derivative financial instruments:
Foreign currency derivative contracts—current		—		103		—		103
Foreign currency derivative contracts—non-current		—		56		—		56
Interest rate swap contracts		—		—		—		—
Total assets	$	—	$	9,948	$	—	$	9,948
Liabilities:
Foreign currency derivative contracts—current	$	—		3,689	$	—		3,689
Foreign currency derivative contracts—non-current		—		364	$	—		364
Interest rate swap contracts—non-current		—		11,128		—		11,128
Contingent consideration		—		—		25,012		25,012
Total liabilities	$	—	$	15,181	$	25,012	$	40,193

The Company estimates the fair value of our contingent consideration associated with our business combinations utilizing one or more significant inputs that are unobservable. The Company calculates the fair value of the contingent consideration based on the probability-weighted expected performance of the acquired business against the target performance metric, discounted to present value when appropriate.

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of Level 3 contingent consideration liabilities associated with our business combinations:


	December 31, 2020
Beginning balance	$	25,012
Purchase price adjustments		(4,178)
Payments made during the period		(4,051)
Contingent consideration recognized in earnings		(453)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		75
Ending balance	$	16,405

(8) Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company evaluates its foreign exchange policy on an ongoing basis to assess its ability to address foreign exchange exposures on its consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of income and consolidated statement of cash flows from all foreign currencies, including most significantly the U.K. pound sterling and Indian rupee. The Company enters into hedging programs with highly rated financial institutions in accordance with its foreign exchange policy (as approved by the Company’s audit committee and board of directors) which permits hedging of material, known foreign currency exposures. There is no margin required, no cash collateral posted or received by us related to our foreign exchange forward contracts.

The U.S. dollar notional value of all outstanding foreign currency derivative contracts was $87,693 and $128,728, respectively, at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020. Unrealized net gains related to these contracts which are expected to be reclassified from AOCI to earnings during the next 12 months are $573 at December 31, 2020. At December 31, 2020, the maximum outstanding term of any derivative instrument was 12 months.

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The Company also uses interest rate swaps to mitigate the Company’s interest rate risk on the Company’s variable rate debt. The Company’s objective is to limit the variability of cash flows associated with changes in LIBOR interest rate payments due on the Credit Agreement (See Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements), by using pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swaps to offset the future variable rate interest payments. The Company will recognize these transactions in accordance with ASC 815 "Derivatives and Hedging," and have designated the interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges.

The Company purchased interest rate swaps in July 2016 with an effective date of July 2017 and in November 2018. The interest rate swaps purchased in July 2016 matured in July 2020. The November 2018 interest rate swap was entered into to mitigate the interest rate risk associated with the Credit Agreement executed in February 2018 and subsequent additional borrowings. The November 2018 interest rate swap is at a fixed rate of 2.85% and is designed to maintain a 50% coverage of our LIBOR debt, therefore the notional amount changes over the life of the interest rate swap to retain the 50% coverage target. During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and operating as designed, the 2018 interest rate swap increased to cover the notional amount of debt that the expired interest rate swaps had been covering. In addition, the Company conducted a simultaneous de-designation and a re-designation of the hedge for this interest rate swap to align with the May 2020 debt amendment and maintain a highly effective hedge relationship given the increase of the notional amount of the interest rate swap and in consideration of the increase in interest rate floor to 1%. At December 31, 2020, the total notional amounts of the interest rate swap was $170,200 with remaining maturity of approximately 2.2 years. As of the date of de-designation and re-designation, the unrealized losses associated with the interest rate swap of $10,864 will be amortized to interest expense over the remaining interest rate swap period. The unrealized losses associated with the interest rate swap agreement was $8,884 and $11,128 at December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020, respectively, which represents the estimated amount that the Company would pay to the counterparties in the event of an early termination.

The following table sets forth the fair value of derivative instruments included in the consolidated balance sheets as of:

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments


	December 31, 2020		March 31, 2020
Foreign currency exchange contracts:
Other current assets	$	1,759	$	103
Other long-term assets	$	—	$	56
Accrued expenses and other	$	1,186	$	3,689
Long-term liabilities	$	—	$	364


	December 31, 2020		March 31, 2020
Interest rate swap contracts:
Other long-term assets	$	—	$	—
Long-term liabilities	$	8,884	$	11,128

The following tables set forth the effect of the Company’s foreign currency exchange contracts and interest rate swap contracts on the consolidated financial statements of the Company:


	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in AOCI on Derivatives
Derivatives Designated as	Three Months Ended December 31,				Nine Months Ended December 31,
Cash Flow Hedging Relationships	2020		2019		2020		2019
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	(338)	$	(3,158)	$	2,707	$	148
Interest rate swaps	$	(11)	$	782	$	(747)	$	(3,054)

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Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income
from AOCI into Income (loss) (Effective	Three Months Ended December 31,				Nine Months Ended December 31,
Portion)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Revenue	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(18)
Costs of revenue	$	(199)	$	827	$	(1,276)	$	2,351
Operating expenses	$	(72)	$	337	$	(484)	$	1,020
Interest Expenses	$	(1,191)	$	(100)	$	(2,991)	$	209


		Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income
		(loss) on Derivatives
		Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
Derivatives not Designated	Location of Gain Or (Loss)	December 31,				December 31,
as Hedging Instruments	Recognized in Income (loss) on Derivatives	2020		2019		2020		2019
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Revenue	$	(543)	$	(1,449)	$	(1,534)	$	(205)
	Costs of revenue	$	334	$	1,105	$	1,055	$	380
	Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	33	$	114	$	93	$	29

(9) Revenues and Accounts Receivable

Disaggregation of Revenue

The table below presents disaggregated revenues from the Company’s contracts with customers by geography, industry groups, service offerings and contract-type. The Company believes this disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenues and cash flows are affected by industry, market and other economic factors.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
Revenue by geography:	2020		2019		2020		2019
North America	$	256,536	$	251,229	$	713,868	$	724,005
Europe		59,182		55,154		163,740		175,258
Rest of World		30,382		28,724		86,744		83,369
Consolidated revenue	$	346,100	$	335,107	$	964,352	$	982,632


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
Revenue by customer’s industry groups (1)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Banking Financial Services and Insurance	$	190,288	$	180,070	$	528,579	$	548,977
Communications and Technology		77,155		82,848		227,481		226,944
Media & Information and Other		26,232		23,107		75,165		63,830
Healthcare		52,425		49,082		133,127		142,881
Consolidated revenue	$	346,100	$	335,107	$	964,352	$	982,632

(1)	Prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
Revenue by service offerings	2020		2019		2020		2019
Application outsourcing	$	195,941	$	183,777	$	536,105	$	547,303
Consulting		150,159		151,330		428,247		435,329
Consolidated revenue	$	346,100	$	335,107	$	964,352	$	982,632

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	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
Revenue by contract type	2020		2019		2020		2019
Time-and-materials	$	173,097	$	190,423	$	528,207	$	579,657
Fixed-price*		173,003		144,684		436,145		402,975
Consolidated revenue	$	346,100	$	335,107	$	964,352	$	982,632

*Fixed-price includes both retainer-billing basis and fixed-price progress towards completion

Receivables and Contract Balances

The Company classifies its right to consideration in exchange for deliverables as either a receivable or a contract asset. A receivable is a right to consideration that is unconditional (i.e. only the passage of time is required before payment is due). The Company presents such receivables in accounts receivable or unbilled accounts receivable, in its consolidated statements of financial position at their net estimated realizable value.

Contract assets included in unbilled accounts receivable are recorded when services have been provided but the Company does not have an unconditional right to receive consideration. Contract assets are primarily related to unbilled amounts on fixed-price contracts utilizing the input method of revenue recognition. The timing between services rendered and timing of payment is less than one year. The Company recognizes an impairment loss when the contract carrying amount is greater than the remaining consideration receivable, less directly related costs to be incurred.

The table below shows the movements in contract assets during the nine months ended:



	December 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Beginning balance	$	14,241	$	18,538
Revenues recognized during the period but not yet billed		66,293		67,594
Amounts billed		(66,888)		(68,314)
Other		52		(20)
Ending balance	$	13,698	$	17,798

Contract liabilities comprise of amounts billed to customers for revenues not yet earned. Such amounts are anticipated to be recorded as revenues when services are performed in subsequent periods.

The table below shows movements in the deferred revenue during the nine months ended:




	December 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Beginning balance	$	8,054	$	6,421
Amounts billed but not yet recognized as revenues		14,204		5,342
Revenues recognized related to the opening balance of deferred revenue		(6,782)		(5,017)
Other		8		(154)
Ending balance	$	15,484	$	6,592

Remaining performance obligation

ASC Topic 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers requires that the Company discloses the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of December 31, 2020. This disclosure is not required for:

(1)

contracts with an original duration of one year or less, including contracts that can be terminated for convenience without a substantive penalty,

(2)

contracts for which the Company recognizes revenues based on the right to invoice for services performed,

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(3)

variable consideration allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-14(b), for which the criteria in ASC 606-10-32-40 have been met, or

(4)

variable consideration in the form of a sales-based or usage-based royalty promised in exchange for a license of intellectual property.

Many of the Company’s performance obligations meet one or more of these exemptions. As of December 31, 2020, the aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations, other than those meeting the exclusion criteria above, was $13,627 and will be recognized as revenue within 4 years.

From time to time, the Company enters into arrangements to deliver IT services that include upfront payments to its clients. As of December 31, 2020, the total unamortized upfront payments related to these services were $15,735 and are recorded in prepaid expenses and other long-term assets in the consolidated balance sheet. These upfront payments are expected to be amortized as a reduction to revenue over a benefit period of 3 years.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Accounts Receivable

The allowance for credit losses on accounts receivable is determined using the loss-rate approach and is measured on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Where financial instruments do not share risk characteristics, they are evaluated on an individual basis. The Company calculates expected credit losses for accounts receivable based on historical credit loss rates for each aging category as adjusted for the current market conditions and forecasts about future economic conditions. The allowance is based on relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses on accounts receivable:


	Nine Months Ended
	December 31, 2020
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	1,541
Transition period adjustment on accounts receivable pursuant to ASC 326		—
Adjusted balance at April 1, 2020		1,541
Current-period provision/ (reversal) for expected credit losses		(22)
Write-offs charged against the allowance		(476)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		42
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	1,085

(10) Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

On May 3, 2017, the Company entered into an investment agreement with The Orogen Group (‘‘Orogen’’) pursuant to which Orogen purchased 108,000 shares of the Company’s newly issued Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, initially convertible into 3,000,000 shares of common stock, for an aggregate purchase price of $108,000 with an initial conversion price of $36.00 (the ‘‘Orogen Preferred Stock Financing’’). Under the terms of the investment, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock has a 3.875% dividend per annum, payable quarterly in additional shares of common stock and/or cash at the Company’s option. If any shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock have not been converted into common stock prior to May 3, 2024, the Company will be required to repurchase such shares at a repurchase price equal to the liquidation preference of the repurchased shares plus the amount of accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon. If the Company fails to effect such repurchase, the dividend rate on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will increase by 1% per annum and an additional 1% per annum on each anniversary of May 3, 2024 during the period in which such failure to effect the repurchase is continuing, except that the dividend rate will not increase to more than 6.875% per annum.

In connection with the issuance of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, the Company incurred direct and incremental expenses of $1,154, including financial advisory fees, closing costs, legal expenses and other offering-related expenses. These issuance costs are recorded as a reduction to the proceeds received from issuance of Series A Convertible

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Preferred Stock. These direct and incremental expenses reduced the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, and will be accreted through retained earnings as a deemed dividend from the date of issuance through the first possible known redemption date, May 3, 2024. During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded accretions to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock related to its issuance cost. Holders of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to a cumulative dividend at the rate of 3.875% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company has paid $3,138 as cash dividend on Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had declared and accrued dividends of $686 associated with the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.

(11) Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill:

The Company has one operating segment. The following are details of the changes in goodwill balances at:



	December 31, 2020		March 31, 2020
Beginning balance	$	296,493	$	279,543
Goodwill arising from acquisitions		—		27,316
Purchase price adjustments		(5,942)		—
Foreign currency translation adjustments		5,040		(10,366)
Ending balance	$	295,591	$	296,493

The acquisition costs and goodwill balance deductible for our business acquisitions for tax purposes are $286,516. The acquisition costs and goodwill balance not deductible for tax purposes are $21,979, primarily related to the Company’s TradeTech acquisition (closed on January 2, 2014), and the eTouch India acquisition.

Intangible Assets:

The following are details of the Company’s intangible asset carrying amounts acquired and amortization at:


	December 31, 2020
	Weighted	Gross				Net
	Average Useful Life	Carrying		Accumulated		Carrying
	at Acquisition	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Amortizable intangible assets:
Customer relationships	10.6	$	179,966	$	61,598	$	118,368
Trademark	2.0		900		900		—
Technology	5.0		500		500		—
Other	5.0		1,214		380		834
	10.5	$	182,580	$	63,378	$	119,202


	March 31, 2020
	Weighted	Gross				Net
	Average Useful Life	Carrying		Accumulated		Carrying
	at Acquisition	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Amortizable intangible assets:
Customer relationships	10.6	$	176,373	$	46,494	$	129,879
Trademark	2.0		900		900		—
Technology	5.0		500		500		—
Other	5.0		1,214		190		1,024
	10.5	$	178,987	$	48,084	$	130,903

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The intangible assets are being amortized based upon the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are being utilized.

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company acquired certain assets of three consulting companies located in the United States, which were accounted as asset acquisitions and were not material to the Company. The purchase price was approximately $9,651 in cash and an additional earn-out consideration of up to $9,853 payable within one year based on achievement of certain revenue targets. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, the Company paid $3,572 towards earn-out consideration based on achievement of revenue targets. The remaining probable and estimable value of the contingent consideration as of December 31, 2020 is $204.

(12) Income Taxes

The Company applies an estimated annual effective tax rate to its year-to-date operating results to determine the interim provision (benefit) for income tax expense. The Company’s effective tax rates were 31.6% and 31.1% for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2020, respectively, as compared to an effective tax rates of 44.7% and 43.3% for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2020, was primarily due to a reduction in Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax (“BEAT) impact, the election of foreign tax credits, reduction of global intangible low-taxed income, lower statutory rates in India and the merger of our Indian operations, partially offset by tax expense on increased income from operations. The Company’s reported effective tax rate is also impacted by jurisdictional mix of profits and losses in which the Company operates, foreign statutory tax rates in effect, unusual or infrequent discrete items requiring a provision during the period and certain exemptions or tax holidays applicable to the Company.

A valuation allowance is required if, based on available evidence, it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the asset will not be realized due to the inability of the Company to generate sufficient taxable income in a specific jurisdiction. The Company has $29,888, $2,152 and $76 of net deferred tax assets in the United States, the United Kingdom and Sweden, respectively, at December 31, 2020. The Company has a valuation allowance in the U.S. related to utilization of certain foreign tax credits, which are not expected to be realized.

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company merged Polaris Consulting and Software Limited (“Polaris”) with into Virtusa Consulting Services Private Limited (“Virtusa India”). The merger of Polaris into Virtusa India is considered an entity liquidation for US income tax purposes. The earnings of this entity will be subject to US taxation as well as local taxation with a corresponding foreign tax credit or deduction, at the election of the Company. The election also makes available to the Company the benefits of future foreign tax credits. The merger makes available to the Company tax deductions under Indian Laws for interest on debt used to purchase the group as well as amortization of intangible assets. Under local Indian law, the merger was retroactive to April 1, 2018 resulting in amended tax return filing in India for the year ended March 31, 2019. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2020, reflects the merger of Polaris India into Virtusa India.

The Company’s income tax provision for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2020 includes the expected impact of the Global Intangible Low-taxed Income (“GILTI”) and executive compensation limitations of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) impacting the operating results. The Company’s aggregate income tax rate in foreign jurisdictions is comparable to its income tax rate in the United States, as a result of the Tax Act, other than in Singapore and Sri Lanka in which the Company has tax holiday benefits and eligible tax exemptions respectively.

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the Company elected to treat several foreign entities as disregarded entities. The earnings of these subsidiaries will be subject to US taxation as well as local taxation with a corresponding foreign tax credit or deduction, at the election of the Company. GILTI provisions and executive compensation limitations enacted in the Tax Act, enacted on December 22, 2017 by the U.S. government continue to impact the results. The Company’s reported effective tax rate is also impacted by jurisdictional mix of profits and losses in which the Company operates, foreign statutory tax rates in effect, unusual or infrequent discrete items requiring a provision and certain exemptions or tax holidays applicable to the Company.

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The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act provided for net operating losses arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, and before January 1, 2021, may be carried back to each of the five tax years preceding the tax year of such loss. Net operating losses have an unlimited carry forward period, although there are annual limitations on their use suspended for certain years as result of CARES Act. The Company has filed an immediate carry back claim in the United States for losses generated in fiscal years ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2019. The income tax expense for the nine months ended December 31, 2020, included an immaterial adjustment to reflect actual tax receivable.

On September 20, 2019, the Indian government issued Ordinance 2019 making certain amendments in the Income-tax Act 1961, which substantially reduces tax rates. The effective rate of tax on India-based companies was reduced from 34.9% to 25.17%, effective for fiscal years beginning April 1, 2019. The Company adopted the new ordinance for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2019. The new rates require the surrendering of tax holidays and other attributes of which the Company historically was taking advantage of and favorably impacting our tax rate.

In addition, the Company’s Sri Lankan subsidiary, Virtusa (Private) Limited, was operating under a 12-year income tax holiday arrangement that expired on March 31, 2019 and required Virtusa (Private) Limited to retain certain job creation and investment criteria through the expiration of the holiday period. The Company believes it had fulfilled its hiring and investment commitments and is eligible for tax holiday through March 2019. Beginning April 1, 2019, the Company is taking advantage of certain tax exemptions offered to IT service providers in Sri Lanka.

The Company has been under income tax examination in India, the U.K., Singapore and the United States. The Indian taxing authorities issued an assessment order with respect to their examination of the various tax returns for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2006 to March 31, 2017 of the Company’s Indian subsidiary, Virtusa (India) Private Ltd, and Polaris Consulting & Services Limited (Polaris India) now merged with and into Virtusa Consulting Services Private Limited (collectively referred to as “Virtusa India”). At issue were several matters, the most significant of which was the redetermination of the arm’s-length profit which should be recorded by Virtusa India on the intercompany transactions with its affiliates. These matters are currently at different level of appeals beginning with the fiscal year ended March 31, 2006. In the United Kingdom, the Company is currently under examination for transfer pricing and research benefits for the years ended March 31, 2014 to March 31, 2019. In Singapore, the Inland Revenue Authority is confirming the appropriateness of the Company’s deductions for the year ended March 31, 2017. In the United States, the Internal Revenue Service has concluded an examination of fiscal years ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2017. These ongoing audits are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated statements of income and consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company considers its reserve position adequate to cover any anticipated exposure from these or other positions taken on filed tax returns.

Unrecognized tax benefits represent uncertain tax positions for which the Company has established reserves. At December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020, the total liability for unrecognized tax benefits was $6,674 and $6,627, respectively. Unrecognized tax benefits may be adjusted upon the closing of the statute of limitations for income tax returns filed in various jurisdictions. The unrecognized tax benefits increased by $47 and $161 during the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and nine months ended December 31, 2019, respectively. The increase in unrecognized tax benefits in the nine months ended December 31, 2020 was predominantly due to increase in the liability related to the UK audit, certain sale proceeds in India and incremental interest accrued on existing uncertain tax positions offset by the release of certain benefits no longer considered required.

Undistributed Earnings of Foreign Subsidiaries

A substantial amount of the Company’s income before provision for income tax is from operations earned in its Indian and Sri Lankan subsidiaries. The Company intends to use accumulated and future earnings of foreign subsidiaries to expand operations outside the United States and, accordingly, undistributed income is considered indefinitely reinvested. The Company does not provide for U.S. income taxes on foreign currency translation or applicable withholding tax until a distribution is declared. At December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $126,648 of cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments that would otherwise be available for potential distribution, if not indefinitely reinvested. If required, such cash and investments could be repatriated to the United States. Due to the various methods by

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which such earnings could be repatriated in the future, the amount of taxes attributable to the undistributed earnings is not practicably determinable.

(13) Concentration of Revenue and Assets

Total revenue is attributed to geographic areas based on the location of the client. Geographic information of total revenue is summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Customer revenue:
United States of America	$	244,004	$	237,754	$	676,790	$	685,023
United Kingdom		29,304		42,902		91,916		137,795
Rest of World		72,792		54,451		195,646		159,814
Consolidated revenue	$	346,100	$	335,107	$	964,352	$	982,632

Revenue from significant clients as a percentage of the Company’s consolidated revenue was as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Customer A	19.6	%	16.4	%	18.5	%	15.9	%

Long-lived assets represent property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and goodwill, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization, and are attributed to geographic area based on their location. The following table summarizes the geographic information of long-lived assets as of:



	December 31, 2020		March 31, 2020
Long-lived assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization:
United States of America	$	272,187	$	291,959
India		252,070		255,623
Rest of World		28,900		29,748
Consolidated long-lived assets, net	$	553,157	$	577,330

(14) Debt

On February 6, 2018, the Company entered into a credit agreement (as amended the “Credit Agreement”) dated as of February 6, 2018, by and among the Company, its guarantor subsidiaries party thereto, the lenders party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as joint book runners and lead arrangers. The Credit Agreement replaced the prior $300,000 credit agreement with J.P. Morgan Securities and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated. and provided for a $200,000 revolving credit facility, a $180,000 term loan facility, and a $70,000 delayed-draw term loan. The Company drew down $180,000 under the term loan of the Credit Agreement and $55,000 under the revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement to repay in full the amount outstanding under the prior credit agreement and fund the Polaris delisting transaction. On March 12, 2018, we drew down the $70,000 delayed draw to fund the eTouch Systems Corp. acquisition.

On October 15, 2019, the Company entered into Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “Administrative Agent”) and the lenders party thereto (the “Second Credit Agreement Amendment”), which Credit Agreement to, among other things, increase the revolving commitments available to the Company under the Credit Agreement from $200,000 to $275,000, reduce the interest rate margins applicable to

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term loans and revolving loans outstanding under the Credit Agreement from time to time and reduce the commitment fee payable by the Company to the lenders in respect of unused revolving commitments under the Credit Agreement. The Company executed the Second Credit Agreement Amendment to provide additional lending capacity which the Company used to fund the completion of the Polaris delisting transaction, as well as to provide excess lending capacity in the event of future opportunistic, strategic, investment opportunities. The Second Credit Agreement Amendment contains customary terms for amendments of this type, including representations, warranties and covenants. Interest under the credit facility accrues at a rate per annum of LIBOR plus 2.75%, subject to step-downs based on the Company’s ratio of debt to EBITDA. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company drew down $145,000 from the credit facility, inclusive of $84,000 drawn in the three months ended March 31, 2020 as a proactive measure in light of the uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Earlier draws in the fiscal year March 31, 2020 were used to fund the eTouch 18-month anniversary payment of $17,500 and to fund opportunistic, strategic, investment opportunities.

On May 27, 2020, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “ Administrative Agent” ) and the lenders party thereto (the “ Third Credit Agreement Amendment” ), which amends the Credit Agreement to, among other things, (i) provide for $62,492 in incremental 364-day delayed draw term loans (the “New Delayed Draw Term Loans” ), which can be drawn down up to three times on or before September 27, 2020 and (ii) extend out the debt to EBITDA ratio covenant step down by two quarters such that the leverage covenant remains at 3.25:1.00 through December 31, 2020. The Administrative Agent increased the LIBOR floor to 1.00% from 0% as part of the Third Credit Agreement Amendment. The Company executed the Third Credit Agreement Amendment to provide additional liquidity in light of the COVID-19 pandemic which the Company could use to fund general working capital and refinance existing indebtedness under the credit facility. On May 27, 2020, the Company prepaid $55,000 on its existing revolving facility as a condition to closing the Third Credit Agreement Amendment. The Third Credit Agreement Amendment contains customary terms for amendments of this type, such as representations, warranties and covenants, including pro forma compliance with the Credit Agreement debt to EBITDA covenant as a condition to borrowing. Interest under the New Delayed Draw Term Loans accrues at a rate per annum of LIBOR plus 3.50%. The New Delayed Draw Term Loans mature on May 26, 2021 and do not amortize. The Company did not elect to draw down on the New Delayed Draw Term Loans.

For the fiscal year ending March 31, 2021, the Company is required to make principal payments of $4,336 per quarter. The term of the Credit Agreement is five years ending February 6, 2023. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, the Company paid $13,008 and $105,000 towards the term loan and revolving credit facility, respectively. At December 31, 2020, the total outstanding amount under the Credit Agreement was $381,961 and the weighted average interest rate on the term loan and revolving line of credit was 3.50%.

The credit facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets, including all intellectual property and all securities in domestic subsidiaries (other than certain domestic subsidiaries where the material assets of such subsidiaries are equity in foreign subsidiaries), subject to customary exceptions and exclusions from the collateral. All obligations under the Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by substantially all of the Company’s material direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries, with certain exceptions. These guarantees are secured by substantially all of the present and future property and assets of the guarantors, with certain exclusions.

Current portion of long-term debt

The following summarizes our short-term debt balances as of:


	December 31, 2020		March 31, 2020
Term loan- current maturities		21,680		17,344
Less: deferred financing costs, current		(1,597)		(1,301)
Total	$	20,083	$	16,043

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Long-term debt, less current portion

The following summarizes our long-term debt balance as of:


	December 31, 2020		March 31, 2020
Term loan	$	212,461	$	225,469
Borrowings under revolving credit facility		169,500		274,500
Less:
Current maturities		(21,680)		(17,344)
Deferred financing costs, long-term		(1,840)		(2,471)
Total	$	358,441	$	480,154

Beginning in fiscal 2009, the Company’s U.K. subsidiary entered into an agreement with an unrelated financial institution to sell, without recourse or continuing involvement, certain of its European-based accounts receivable balances from one client to such third party financial institution. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, $42,630 of receivables were sold under the terms of the financing agreement. Fees paid pursuant to this agreement were immaterial during the nine months ended December 31, 2020. No amounts were due as of December 31, 2020, but the Company may elect to use this program again in future periods. However, the Company cannot provide any assurances that this or any other financing facilities will be available or utilized in the future.

(15) Stock-Based Compensation Plans

In May 2015, the Company adopted the 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (“2015 Plan”) which was also approved by the Company’s stockholders on September 1, 2015. The 2015 Plan permits the granting of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, unrestricted stock awards, performance share awards, performance-based awards to covered employees, cash-based awards and dividend equivalent rights. Stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units generally vest over four years. Performance share awards and performance-based awards generally vest over three years. Under the 2015 Plan, the Company grants both service condition awards and performance condition awards. Performance awards are contingent upon meeting various departmental or company-wide performance goals in addition to service conditions. Stock compensation is recognized over the vesting period based on the probability of achievement of the performance condition.

In May 2020, the Company issued 250,075 performance shares to its executive officers with a three-year performance measurement period. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had not yet established the significant terms of the performance shares relevant to vesting (three-year cumulative target) for the three-year performance measurement period. Therefore, as of December 31, 2020, a grant date for financial accounting purposes had not occurred and the Company did not record any stock compensation related to these performance shares during the nine months ended December 31, 2020. Upon the grant date, the Company will recognize the stock compensation expense over the remaining future requisite service period from the grant date.

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(16) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component were as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Investment securities
Beginning balance	$	12	$	12	$	12	$	12
Other comprehensive income (loss) (OCI) before reclassifications, net of tax of $0 for all periods		—		—		—		—
Reclassifications from OCI to other income, net of tax of $0 for all periods		—		—		—		—
Less: Noncontrolling interests, net of tax of $0 for all periods		—		—		—		—
Comprehensive income (loss) on investment securities, net of tax of $0 for all periods		—		—		—		—
Closing balance	$	12	$	12	$	12	$	12
Currency translation adjustments
Beginning balance	$	(63,522)	$	(64,116)	$	(71,207)	$	(57,354)
OCI before reclassifications		5,933		4,630		13,618		(2,106)
Less: Noncontrolling interests		—		(363)		—		(389)
Comprehensive income (loss) on currency translation adjustments		5,933		4,267		13,618		(2,495)
Closing balance	$	(57,589)	$	(59,849)	$	(57,589)	$	(59,849)
Cash flow hedges
Beginning balance	$	(7,610)	$	(2,175)	$	(11,818)	$	39
OCI before reclassifications net of tax of $8, $(386), $614 and $(666)		(358)		(1,993)		1,346		(2,240)
Reclassifications from OCI to
—Revenue, net of tax of $0, $0, $0 and $7		—		—		—		11
—Costs of revenue, net of tax of $28, $(188), $260 and $(504)		171		(639)		1,016		(1,847)
—Selling, general and administrative expenses, net of tax of $10, $(77), $100 and $(220)		62		(260)		384		(800)
—Interest expenses, net of tax of $304, $26, $767 and $(54)		887		75		2,224		(155)
Less: Noncontrolling interests, net of tax of $0 for all periods		—		—		—		—
Comprehensive income (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $350, $(625), $1,741 and $(1,437)		762		(2,817)		4,970		(5,031)
Closing balance	$	(6,848)	$	(4,992)	$	(6,848)	$	(4,992)
Benefit plans
Beginning balance	$	(2,071)	$	(2,776)	$	(2,242)	$	(2,084)
OCI before reclassifications net of tax of $0 for all periods		—		—		11		(911)
Reclassifications from OCI for prior service credit (cost) to:
Other income (expense), net of tax of $0 for all periods		10		6		30		19
Reclassifications from net actuarial gain (loss) amortization to:
Other income (expense), net of tax of $0 for all periods		95		70		286		210
Other adjustments, net of tax of $0 for all periods		9		3		(42)		76
(Less): Noncontrolling interests, net of tax $0 for all periods		—		(3)		—		(10)
Comprehensive income (loss) on benefit plans, net of tax of $0 for all periods		114		76		285		(616)
Closing balance		(1,957)	$	(2,700)		(1,957)	$	(2,700)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(66,382)	$	(67,529)	$	(66,382)	$	(67,529)

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(17) Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees.

The Company indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences under its charter or by-laws and under indemnification agreements while the officer or director is, or was, serving at its request in a defined capacity. The term of the indemnification period is with respect to the period that such person was an officer or director of the Company. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification obligations is unlimited. The costs incurred to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification obligations have not been material. As a result, the Company believes that its estimated exposure on these obligations is minimal. Accordingly, the Company had no liabilities recorded for these obligations as of December 31, 2020.

The Company is insured against any actual or alleged act, error, omission, neglect, misstatement or misleading statement or breach of duty by any current or former officer, director or employee while rendering information technology services. The Company believes that its financial exposure from such actual or alleged actions, should they arise, is minimal and no liability was recorded at December 31, 2020.

From time to time the Company is involved in legal proceedings, claims and litigation related to employee claims, contractual disputes and taxes in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues a liability when a loss is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. When a material loss contingency is reasonably possible but not probable, the Company does not record a liability, but instead discloses the nature and the amount of the claim, and an estimate of the loss or range of loss, if such an estimate can be made. Legal fees are expensed as incurred. Although the Company cannot predict the outcome of such matters, the Company has no reason to believe the disposition of any current matter, other than the specific matters described below, could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse impact on the Company’s balance sheets, income of operations and cash flows or the ability to carry on any of its business activities. This assessment is based on our current understanding of relevant facts and circumstances. As such, our view of these matters is subject to inherent uncertainties and may change in the future.

One of the Company’s larger clients made a demand for damages related to a project in which the Company was performing services. The client alleged breach of certain representations and warranties regarding the Company’s performance and sought indemnification for damages from those alleged breaches. During the three months ended December 31, 2020, the parties agreed to a commercial settlement whereby each party provided a full release of all claims provided that Virtusa make certain cash payments (which were subject to reimbursement under the terms of Virtusa’s insurance policies) and provide certain service credits with respect to the execution of future work.

On February 28, 2019, the Supreme Court of India issued a ruling interpreting certain statutory defined contribution obligations of employees and employers, which altered historical understandings of such obligations, extending them to cover additional portions of employee income. As a result, contributions by our employees and the Company will increase in future periods. There is uncertainty as to whether the Indian government will apply the Supreme Court's ruling on a retroactive basis and if so, how this liability should be calculated as it is impacted by multiple variables, including the period of assessment, the application with respect to certain current and former employees and whether interest and penalties may be assessed. As such, the ultimate amount of our obligation is difficult to quantify. If the Indian government were to apply the Supreme Court ruling retroactively, without assessing interest and penalties, the impact would be a charge of approximately $7,500 to the Company’s income from operations and cash flows.

In connection with the proposed acquisition of the Company by certain investments funds affiliated with Baring Private Equity Asia, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, several lawsuits were filed by stockholders of the Company against the Company. The Company believes that the claims asserted against them are without merit and intend to vigorously defend against these lawsuits.

If the Merger is not completed within the expected time frame or at all, we may be subject to a number of material risks. The price of our common stock may decline to the extent that current market prices reflect a market assumption that the Merger will be completed. We could be required to reimburse certain expenses of Parent or pay Parent a termination fee of $54,330 if the Merger Agreement is terminated under specific circumstances described in the Merger Agreement.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of our operations should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited financial statements and notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 (the “Annual Report”), which has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC.

Forward-looking statements

The statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements (within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act) that involve risks and uncertainties. Such forward-looking statements may be identified by, among other things, the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seek,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “projects,” “anticipates,” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology, or by discussions of strategy that involve risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements, such as statements regarding anticipated future revenue, the strength of our market position, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, our ability to accurately forecast sales, revenue or pipeline, progress against our goals, market opportunity in the high-tech and healthcare industries, costs of attracting and retaining IT professionals, contract percentage completions, capital expenditures, plans for repatriation of cash to the United States, the effect of new accounting pronouncements, management’s plans and objectives, the proposed Merger and expectations regarding the satisfaction of conditions under the Merger Agreement and the timing and completion of the Merger, and other statements regarding matters that are not historical facts, involve predictions. Our actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from the results expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements. There are several important factors that could cause our results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements, including those factors set forth in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in the Annual Report and those factors referred to or discussed in or incorporated by reference into the section titled “Risk Factors” included in Item 1A of Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We urge you to consider those risks and uncertainties in evaluating our forward-looking statements. We caution readers not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. Except as otherwise required by the federal securities laws, we disclaim any obligation or undertaking to publicly release any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement contained herein (or elsewhere) to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.

Business overview

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industry standard technique designed to accelerate application development. We use our Digital Transformation Studio (“DTS”) engineering tools to drive software development lifecycle automation to improve quality, enabling speed and increasing productivity. Our proprietary DTS was built by Virtusa’s engineering teams that have decades of industry knowledge and experience. These teams are certified and leverage Virtusa’s industry leading tools and assets, providing increased speed and transparency.

In fiscal year 2020, we initiated a multi-year strategy to increase our revenue growth, operating margin accretion, and earnings per share growth. Our strategy focuses on three fundamental pillars: increasing profitable revenue growth by targeting large digital and cloud transformation engagements, achieving greater revenue diversification, categorized by geography, industry and client, and increasing gross and operating margins through pyramid efficiencies, project profitability and general and administrative expense leverage.

The significant negative impact of COVID-19 on the global economy has created near-term challenges for us and the entire IT services industry. Simultaneously, the global pandemic has revealed unique opportunities for us to strengthen and advance our three-pillar plan. As a result, in late fiscal year 2020 and early fiscal year 2021, we launched several new initiatives under our three-pillar strategy designed to enable us to navigate the pandemic’s near-term economic impacts, and strengthen our overall market, financial and operational positioning going forward.

Our fiscal year 2021 plan built on and strengthened our three-pillar strategy of increased profitable revenue growth, revenue and client diversification, and margin expansion. On the first pillar, we are increasing our efforts to capture new opportunities created by a change in Global 2000 enterprises’ buying behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, in late fiscal year 2020, we launched several go-to-market campaigns targeting remote workforce enablement, cost reduction and efficiency programs, and end-to-end deep digital transformation. In addition to our COVID-19 specific actions, we have sharpened our sales and marketing efforts in fiscal year 2021 to target an increasing number of large, recurring, high-margin, and faster growing digital and cloud transformation engagements.

On the second pillar of revenue and client diversification, we continue to make headway against our long-term goals of a more diversified portfolio of geographies, industries and accounts. Our efforts to increase our geographic diversification, including the realignment of our regional supervision and key local leadership hires made in Europe and the Middle East, continued to drive closer relationships with our clients in Europe, Middle East and Asia. With respect to industry group diversification, our third quarter fiscal 2021 results reflect continued steady progress. Our Communications and Technology (C&T) industry group revenue decreased 6.9% year-over-year in the third quarter of fiscal 2021, and C&T as a percentage of total revenue decreased 200 basis points from 24% to 22% over the same time period in fiscal 2020. Our Media, Information and Other revenue increased 13.5% year-over-year in the third quarter of fiscal 2021. We broke out our Healthcare industry group revenue for the first time in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 to provide our investors with increased transparency into this high-potential industry vertical. In the third quarter of fiscal 2021, Healthcare revenue was 15.0% of our total revenue. Lastly, our Banking, Financial Services and Insurance (“BFSI”) revenue mix continued to grow in the third quarter of fiscal 2021 to 55.0% of our total revenue from 54.0% in the third quarter of fiscal 2020. Given the significant opportunity we had and continue to have expanding our presence in high-growth sectors such as High-Tech and Healthcare, in fiscal year 2021 we have increased our investments in our domain expertise, skills, and sales and marketing programs in these sectors.

Regarding client level diversification, we recognize the importance over the long-term to reduce client revenue concentration by accelerating growth of high potential accounts and adding targeted new clients. To do so, in fiscal year 2021, we have directed more of our sales and marketing efforts toward smaller accounts that have the ability to expand significantly with us. We have had success with this strategy at our strategic clients. We will apply these same techniques to grow high potential accounts faster than our total company in order to accelerate account diversification.

Finally, with respect to Virtusa’s third pillar, margin expansion, our fiscal year 2021 plan included several strategies underway aimed to improve our gross and operating margins by reducing our costs and creating operating efficiencies. Specifically, our fiscal year 2021 plan includes actions underway to improve pyramid efficiencies, reduce the use of sub-contractors, increase utilization, and reduce general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue. In

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the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, our gross margin and non-GAAP operating margin expanded by 644 basis points and 637 basis points, respectively, over the second quarter of fiscal 2021 driven in part by sequential revenue growth, higher utilization and execution of our cost containment initiatives such as reduced use of subcontractors.

Recent developments

Proposed Merger with Austin HoldCo Inc., an entity wholly-owned by funds affiliated with Baring Private Equity Asia

On September 9, 2020, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), with Austin HoldCo Inc., an entity wholly-owned by funds affiliated with Baring Private Equity Asia (“Parent”), and Austin BidCo Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“Sub”), with respect to the acquisition of the Company by Parent for $51.35 in cash for each share of Virtusa common stock (“Baring Transaction”).

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Sub will be merged with and into the Company (the “Merger”), with the Company surviving the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent. Consummation of the Merger is subject to various conditions, including, among others, customary conditions relating to the approval of the Merger Agreement by the requisite vote of the Company’s stockholders, the receipt of certain foreign regulatory approvals and the approval or other clearance of the Committee on Foreign Investments in the United States (“CFIUS”). The applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (“HSR Act”), with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement expired on October 23, 2020 without any review. Consummation of the Merger is not subject to any financing condition and is expected to occur in the first half of calendar year 2021. On December 21, 2020, the Company received written notice from the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (“CFIUS”) that it had concluded its review under Section 721 of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended, of the Merger. CFIUS determined that there are no unresolved national security concerns with respect to the Merger. Receipt of the CFIUS clearance satisfies a certain condition to the closing of the Merger. On November 20, 2020, via a special meeting of stockholders, the stockholders of the Company approved and adopted the Merger Agreement. On January 11, 2021, the Competition Commission of India (“CCI”) approved the Merger. The closing of the Merger remains subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the remaining conditions to the Merger set forth in the Merger Agreement.

We expect to incur significant costs, expenses and fees for professional services and other transaction costs in connection with the Merger. If the Merger Agreement is terminated under specified circumstances, we may be required to pay a termination fee of $54.3 million to Austin HoldCo Inc.

For more information regarding the Merger and Merger Agreement, please see the Form 8-K filed with the SEC by the Company on September 11, 2020.

COVID-19 and factors impacting our business and operating results

During our fiscal 2021, the global pandemic related to COVID-19 presented significant challenges and adversely impacted our business and operating results. We are unable at this time to predict the full impact of COVID-19 on our operations, liquidity and financial results, and, depending on the magnitude and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, such impact may be material. Accordingly, current results and financial condition discussed herein may not be indicative of future operating results and trends. Refer to “Risk Factors” in the Annual Report for further discussion of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Virtusa quickly initiated a rigorous plan to protect the health and safety of its global team members, while continuing to serve clients in a safe and sustainable manner. As the world faces unprecedented challenges caused by COVID-19, Virtusa is committed to doing everything possible to help our team members and clients manage through these turbulent times. Actions include:

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Enacted a Work-From-Home policy starting March 9, 2020. Today, over 98% of Virtusa’s global billable team members are enabled to work from home.

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Conduct regular weekly meetings by Virtusa’s COVID-19 Task Force to coordinate the Company’s ongoing response to the pandemic and develop initiatives focused on safety protocols for personnel and facilities, team member support, technology enablement, productivity, and communications with clients to manage the crisis.

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Proactively launched a series of new services and solutions tailored to help clients address the challenges created by COVID-19, including Hyper Distributed Agile Services, Agile Squads, and Release Assurance.

●

Implemented a comprehensive cost reduction and efficiency plan across delivery, shared services and professional services.

Human Capital

At December 31, 2020, we had 23,837 employees, or team members. Our human capital development framework is aligned to our ability to hire, retain and grow which allows us to invest in the development of our team members in a focused manner, while keeping our team members culturally anchored to our core values. We are able to accomplish this by focusing our people management strategy on six key components: recruiting, performance management, training and development, employee engagement and communication, as well as compensation and retention. The principal purposes of our equity and cash incentive plans are to attract, retain and reward personnel through the granting of stock-based and cash-based compensation awards, in order to increase stockholder value and the success of our company by motivating such individuals to perform to the best of their abilities and achieve our objectives. We measure our team members performance by certain key performance areas, their self-development, their teamwork and their impact on our overall organization.

Financial overview

In the three months ended December 31, 2020, our revenue increased by 3.3% to $346.1 million, compared to $335.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. In the nine months ended December 31, 2020, our revenue decreased by 1.9% to $964.4 million, compared to $982.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019.

In the three months ended December 31, 2020, our income from operations increased by 36.3% to $41.5 million, compared to $30.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. In the nine months ended December 31, 2020, our income from operations decreased by 2.8% to $61.3 million, compared to $63.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019.

In the three months ended December 31, 2020, net income available to Virtusa common stockholders increased by 109.4% to $24.4 million, as compared to $11.6 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. Net income available to Virtusa common stockholders increased by 42.2% to a net income $31.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020, compared to a net income of $22.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019.

The increase in revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2019, primarily resulted from:

●

Increase in revenue from several banking clients, including our largest banking client, and revenue from several tuck-in asset and business acquisitions closed in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020

●

Increase in revenue from Europe, primarily driven by one of our large European banking clients

partially offset by:

●

Impact from COVID-19 pandemic, primarily due to business interruptions and project delays, as well as elongated client decision making cycles

●

Decrease in growth of revenue from several of our top ten clients, primarily in our healthcare industry group

●

Decrease in revenue from our C&T industry group

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The decrease in revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2019, primarily resulted from:

●

Impact from COVID-19 pandemic, primarily due to business interruptions and project delays, as well as elongated client decision making cycles

●

Decrease in revenue from Europe, primarily driven by one of our large European banking clients

●

Decrease in revenue from our BFSI industry group, primarily from financial services and a decrease in revenue from our healthcare industry group

●

Decrease in growth of revenue from several of our top ten clients, primarily in our healthcare industry group

partially offset by:

●

Increase in revenue from our largest banking and telecommunication clients and revenue from several tuck-in asset and business acquisitions closed in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020

The key drivers of the increase in our net income for the three months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2019, were as follows:

●

Increase in revenue, primarily related to revenue from several banking clients, including our largest banking client

●

Substantial decrease in foreign currency transaction losses, primarily related to the revaluation of Indian rupee denominated intercompany note, primarily due to substantial appreciation of the Indian rupee against the U.S. dollar

●

Decrease in costs of revenue reflecting cost reduction initiatives in response to weakening of demand across our clients due to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as reduced travel

partially offset by:

●

Substantial legal, banking and advisory professional service fees incurred in connection with the proxy solicitation contest initiated by New Mountain Vantage Advisers LLC as well as the Baring Transaction

The key drivers of the increase in our net income for the nine months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2019, were as follows:

●

Decrease in income tax expense, including tax benefit related to our merger of our India operations

●

Decrease in costs of revenue and operating expense, reflecting cost reduction initiatives in response to weakening of demand across our clients due to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as reduced travel

partially offset by:

●

Decrease in revenue, primarily related to the COVID-19 pandemic

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●

Periodic restoration of previously reduced compensation programs

●

Increase in interest expense related to an increase in our outstanding debt under our credit facility

High repeat business and client concentration are common in our industry. During the three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, 97% and 96%, respectively, of our revenue was derived from clients who had been using our services for more than one year. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, 96% and 97%, respectively, of our revenue was derived from clients who had been using our services for more than one year. Accordingly, our global account management and service delivery teams focus on expanding client relationships and converting new engagements to long-term relationships to generate repeat revenue and expand revenue streams from existing clients. We also have a dedicated business development team focused on generating engagements with new clients to continue to expand our client base and, over time, reduce client concentration.

We derive our revenue from two types of service offerings: application outsourcing, which is recurring in nature; and consulting, including technology implementation, which is non-recurring in nature. For the three months ended December 31, 2020, our application outsourcing and consulting revenue represented 57% and 43%, respectively, of our total revenue as compared to 55% and 45%, respectively, for the three months ended December 31, 2019. For the nine months ended December 31, 2020, our application outsourcing and consulting revenue represented 56% and 44%, respectively, of our total revenue as compared to 56% and 44%, respectively, for the nine months ended December 31, 2019.

In the three months ended December 31, 2020, our North America revenue increased by 2.1%, or $5.3 million, to $256.5 million, or 74.1% of total revenue, from $251.2 million, or 75.0% of total revenue, in the three months ended
December 31, 2019. In the nine months ended December 31, 2020, our North America revenue decreased by 1.4%, or $10.1 million, to $713.9 million, or 74.0% of total revenue, from $724.0 million, or 73.7% of total revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. The increase in North America revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to revenue from several tuck-in asset and business acquisitions closed in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 partially offset by decrease in revenue from clients in our healthcare industry group. The decrease in North America revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to the decrease in revenue from clients in our healthcare industry group, partially offset by revenue from several tuck-in asset and business acquisitions closed in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020.

In the three months ended December 31, 2020, our European revenue increased by 7.3%, or $4.0 million, to $59.2 million, or 17.1% of total revenue, from $55.2 million, or 16.5% of total revenue in the three months ended December 31, 2019. In the nine months ended December 31, 2020, our European revenue decreased by 6.6%, or $11.5 million, to $163.7 million, or 17.0% of total revenue, from $175.3 million, or 17.8% of total revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. The increase in European revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to an increase in revenue from one of our large banking clients. The decrease in European revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to a decline in revenue from one of our large banking clients, partially offset by an increase in our largest telecommunication client.

Our gross profit increased by $15.3 million to $114.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $98.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. As a percentage of revenue, gross margin increased from 29.4% in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to 32.9% in the three months ended December 31, 2020. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, gross margin, as a percentage of revenue, was 27.6% and 27.8%, respectively. Our gross profit decreased by $6.3 million to $266.6 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $272.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. The increase in gross profit during the three months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2019, was primarily due to lower onsite effort, decrease in travel and related expense, as well as cost optimization programs with respect to our subcontractors implemented in the nine months ended December 31, 2020, partially offset by restoration of

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previously reduced compensation programs during the three months ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in gross profit during the nine months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2019, was primarily due to the lower utilization and restoration of previously reduced compensation programs during the three months ended December 31, 2020, partially offset by lower onsite effort, decrease in travel and related expense as well as cost optimization programs with respect to our subcontractors implemented in the nine months ended December 31, 2020.

We perform our services under both time-and-materials and fixed-price contracts. Revenue from fixed-price contracts represented 50% and 43% of total revenue, and revenue from time-and-materials contracts represented 50% and 57% of total revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Revenue from fixed-price contracts represented 45% and 41% of total revenue and revenue from time-and-materials contracts represented 55% and 59% for the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The revenue earned from fixed-price contracts in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2020 primarily reflects our client preferences.

We monitor our overall attrition rates and patterns to align our people management strategy with our growth objectives. At December 31, 2020, our attrition rate for the trailing 12 months, which reflects voluntary and involuntary attrition as part of our cost reduction initiatives, was approximately 19.9%. Our attrition rate at December 31, 2020 reflects a higher rate of attrition as compared to the corresponding prior year period. The majority of our attrition occurs in India and Sri Lanka, and is weighted towards the more junior members of our staff. In response to higher attrition and as part of our retention strategies, we have experienced increases in compensation and benefit costs, which may continue in the future. However, we try to absorb such cost increases through price increases or cost management strategies such as managing discretionary costs, the mix of professional staff and utilization levels and achieving other operating efficiencies. If our attrition rate increases or is sustained at higher levels, our growth may slow and our cost of attracting and retaining IT professionals could increase.

We engage in a foreign currency hedging strategy using foreign currency forward contracts designed to hedge fluctuations in the Indian rupee against the U.S. dollar and the GBP, as well as the euro, the Canadian dollar, the Australian dollar and the GBP against the U.S. dollar, when consolidated into U.S. dollars. There is no assurance that these hedging programs or hedging contracts will be effective. Because these foreign currency forward contracts are designed to reduce volatility in the Indian rupee, GBP and euro exchange rates, they not only reduce the negative impact of a stronger Indian rupee, weaker GBP, euro, Canadian dollar and Australian dollar but also could reduce the positive impact of a weaker Indian rupee on our Indian rupee expenses or reduce the impact of a stronger GBP, euro, Canadian dollar and Australian dollar on our GBP, euro, Canadian dollar and Australian dollar denominated revenues.

Application of critical accounting estimates and risks

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, including the recoverability of tangible assets, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, in particular those related to the recognition of revenue and profits based on the percentage of completion method of accounting for fixed-price contracts, share-based compensation, income taxes, including reserves for uncertain tax positions, deferred taxes and liabilities, intangible assets and valuation of financial instruments including derivative contracts and investments. Actual amounts could differ significantly from these estimates. Our management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the amounts of revenue and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Additional information about these critical accounting policies may be found in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section included in the Annual Report.

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Results of operations

Three months ended December 31, 2020 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2019

The following table presents an overview of our results of operations for the three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:


		Three Months Ended
		December 31,
		2020		2019		$ Change		% Change

	(Dollars in thousands)
Revenue		$	346,100	$	335,107	$	10,993	3.3	%
Costs of revenue			232,142		236,427		(4,285)	(1.8)	%
Gross profit			113,958		98,680		15,278	15.5	%
Operating expenses			72,507		68,270		4,237	6.2	%
Income from operations			41,451		30,410		11,041	36.3	%
Other expense			(4,228)		(7,209)		2,981	(41.4)	%
Income before income tax expense			37,223		23,201		14,022	60.4	%
Income tax expense			11,776		10,363		1,413	13.6	%
Net income			25,447		12,838		12,609	98.2	%
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax			—		118		(118)	(100.0)	%
Net income available to Virtusa stockholders			25,447		12,720		12,727	100.1	%
Less: Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion			1,087		1,087		—	—	%
Net income attributable to Virtusa common stockholders		$	24,360	$	11,633	$	12,727	109.4	%

Revenue

Revenue increased by 3.3%, or $11.0 million, from $335.1 million during the three months ended December 31, 2019 to $346.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in revenue was primarily due to an increase in revenue from several banking clients, including our largest banking client, revenue from several tuck-in asset and business acquisitions closed in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, and an increase in revenue from Europe, primarily driven by one of our large European banking clients, partially offset by a decrease in growth of revenue from several of our top ten clients, primarily in our healthcare industry group and decrease in revenue from our C&T industry group. Revenue from North American clients in the three months ended December 31, 2020 increased by $5.3 million, or 2.1%, as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2019, particularly due to revenue from several tuck-in asset and business acquisitions closed in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 partially offset by decrease in revenue from clients in our healthcare industry group. Revenue from European clients increased by $4.0 million, or 7.3%, as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to an increase in revenue from one of our large banking clients. We had 230 active clients at December 31, 2020, as compared to 216 active clients at December 31, 2019.

Cost of revenue

Costs of revenue decreased from $236.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to $232.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2020, a decrease of $4.3 million, or 1.8%. The decrease in cost of revenue was primarily due to a decrease in subcontractor costs of $12.0 million, which also reflect certain cost reduction actions initiated during the nine months ended December 31, 2020, a decrease in travel and related expenses of $4.7 million, partially offset by an increase in the number of IT professionals and related compensation and benefit costs of $11.9 million, reflecting the restoration of certain compensation programs during the three months ended December 31, 2020 and an increase in facilities costs of $0.4 million. At December 31, 2020, we had 21,779 IT professionals as compared to 20,075 at December 31, 2019. As a percentage of revenue, cost of revenue decreased from 70.6% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 to 67.1% for three months ended December 31, 2020.

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Gross profit

Our gross profit increased by $15.3 million, or 15.5%, to $114.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $98.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. As a percentage of revenue, gross margin was 29.4% in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 32.9% in the three months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in the gross profit was primarily due to lower onsite effort, decrease in travel and related expense as well as cost optimization programs with respect to our subcontractors implemented in the nine months ended December 31, 2020, partially offset by restoration of previously reduced compensation programs during the three months ended December 31, 2020.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses increased from $68.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to $72.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2020, an increase of $4.2 million, or 6.2%. The increase in operating expenses was primarily due to substantial legal, banking and advisory combined professional service fees of $4.4 million incurred in connection with the proxy solicitation contest as well as with the Baring Transaction, an increase in compensation expense, including stock and variable compensation expense of $3.6 million and an increase in amortization of intangible assets of $1.4 million, partially offset by a decrease in travel and related expenses of $3.1 million, and a decrease in other operating expense of $1.2 million. As a percentage of revenue, our operating expenses increased from 20.4% in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to 20.9% in the three months ended December 31, 2020.

Income from operations

Income from operations increased by 36.3%, from $30.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to $41.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2020. As a percentage of revenue, income from operations increased from 9.1% in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to 12.0% in the three months ended December 31, 2020, primarily due to an increase in revenue, lower onsite effort, as well as cost optimization programs with respect to our subcontractors implemented in the nine months ended December 31, 2020, partially offset by an increase in operating expense.

Other expense

Other expense decreased by $3.0 million, from $7.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to $4.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2020, primary due to a decrease in net foreign currency transaction losses related to the revaluation of Indian rupee denominated intercompany note, primarily due to a substantial appreciation of the Indian rupee against the U.S. dollar, partially offset by loss on sale of land acquired in the Polaris Transaction that was classified as asset held for sale and an increase in interest expense related to our credit facility, primarily related to increase in the borrowings and interest rate.

Income tax expense

Income tax expense increased by $1.4 million, from $10.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to $11.8 million in the three months ended December 31, 2020. Our effective tax rate decreased from 44.7% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 to 31.6% for the three months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in tax expense is primarily due to increase in income from operations during the three months ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2020, was primarily due to a reduction in Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax (“BEAT) impact, the election of foreign tax credits, lower statutory rates in India and the merger of our Indian operations. The merger of our Indian operations permits previous nondeductible items to be deducted in computing local taxable income.

Noncontrolling interests

In connection with the Polaris Consulting and Software Limited (“Polaris”) acquisition, for the three months ended December 31, 2019, we recorded a noncontrolling interest of $0.1 million, representing a 1.71%, share of profits of Polaris held by parties other than Virtusa. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, Polaris merged with and into

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Virtusa Consulting Services Private Limited (“Virtusa India”), with Virtusa India being the surviving entity. As of March 31, 2020, we own 100% of Polaris shares.

Net income available to Virtusa stockholders

Net income available to Virtusa stockholders increased by $12.7 million or 100.1%, from $12.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to $25.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in net income in the three months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to an increase in revenue, an increase in income from operations and a decrease in foreign currency transaction losses, partially offset by an increase in income tax expense.

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion

In connection with the preferred stock financing transaction with the Orogen Group, we accrued dividends and accreted issuance costs of $1.1 million at a rate of 3.875% per annum during the three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Net income available to Virtusa common stockholders

Net income available to Virtusa common stockholders increased by $12.8 million or 109.4%, from $11.6 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 to $24.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in net income in the three months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to an increase in revenue, an increase in income from operations and a decrease in foreign currency transaction losses, partially offset by an increase in income tax expense.

Nine months ended December 31, 2020 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2019

The following table presents an overview of our results of operations for the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:


	Nine Months Ended
	December 31,
	2020		2019		$ Change		% Change

	(Dollars in thousands)
Revenue	$	964,352	$	982,632	$	(18,280)	(1.9)	%
Costs of revenue		697,772		709,746		(11,974)	(1.7)	%
Gross profit		266,580		272,886		(6,306)	(2.3)	%
Operating expenses		205,248		209,813		(4,565)	(2.2)	%
Income from operations		61,332		63,073		(1,741)	(2.8)	%
Other expense		(10,396)		(17,035)		6,639	(39.0)	%
Income before income tax expense		50,936		46,038		4,898	10.6	%
Income tax expense		15,826		19,932		(4,106)	(20.6)	%
Net income		35,110		26,106		9,004	34.5	%
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		—		450		(450)	(100.0)	%
Net income available to Virtusa stockholders		35,110		25,656		9,454	36.8	%
Less: Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion		3,262		3,262		—	—	%
Net income attributable to Virtusa common stockholders	$	31,848	$	22,394	$	9,454	42.2	%

Revenue

Revenue decreased by 1.9%, or $18.3 million, from $982.6 million during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to $964.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in revenue was primarily due to an impact from COVID-19 pandemic, primarily due to business interruptions and project delays, as well as elongated client decision making cycles, a decline in revenue from one of our largest European banking clients, a decrease in revenue from

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our BFSI industry group, primarily financial services, a decrease in revenue from our healthcare industry group and a decrease in growth of revenue from several of our top ten clients, primarily in our healthcare industry group, partially offset by an increase in revenue from our largest banking and telecommunication clients and revenue from several tuck-in asset and business acquisitions closed in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020. Revenue from North American clients in the nine months ended December 31, 2020 decreased by $10.1 million, or 1.4%, as compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2019, particularly due to the decrease in revenue from clients in the healthcare industry group, partially offset by revenue from several tuck-in asset and business acquisitions closed in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020. Revenue from European clients decreased by $11.5 million, or 6.6%, as compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to decline in revenue from one of our large banking clients, partially offset by increase in revenue from our largest telecommunication client. We had 230 active clients at December 31, 2020, as compared to 216 active clients at December 31, 2019.

Cost of revenue

Costs of revenue decreased from $709.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to $697.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020, a decrease of $11.9 million, or 1.7%. The decrease in cost of revenue was primarily due to a decrease in travel and related expenses of $17.2 million, a decrease in subcontractor costs of $16.2 million, which also reflect certain cost reduction actions initiated during the nine months ended December 31, 2020, partially offset by an increase in the number of IT professionals and related compensation and benefit costs of $20.1 million,. We also incurred an increase in facilities and other costs of $0.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020. At December 31, 2020, we had 21,779 IT professionals as compared to 20,075 at December 31, 2019. As a percentage of revenue, cost of revenue increased from 72.2% for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to 72.4% for nine months ended December 31, 2020.

Gross profit

Our gross profit decreased by $6.3 million, or 2.3%, to $266.6 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $272.9 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2019. As a percentage of revenue, gross margin was 27.8% in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 27.6% in the nine months ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in gross margin during the nine months ended December 31, 2020, was primarily due to lower utilization and restoration of previously reduced compensation programs during the three months ended December 31, 2020, partially offset by lower onsite effort, a decrease in travel and related expense as well as cost optimization programs with respect to our subcontractors implemented in the nine months ended December 31, 2020.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses decreased from $209.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to $205.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020, a decrease of $4.6 million, or 2.2%. The decrease in operating expenses was primarily due to a decrease in compensation expense, including stock and variable compensation expense as well as cost reduction initiatives of $4.4 million, a decrease in travel and related expenses of $9.3 million and a decrease in other operating expense of $2.5 million, partially offset by substantial legal, banking and advisory combined professional service fees of $12.7 million incurred in connection with the proxy solicitation contest as well as with the Baring Transaction. As a percentage of revenue, our operating expenses decreased from 21.4% in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to 21.3% in the nine months ended December 31, 2020.

Income from operations

Income from operations decreased by 2.8%, from $63.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to $61.3 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020. As a percentage of revenue, income from operations was unchanged from 6.4% in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to the nine months ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in income from operations primarily due to a decrease in revenue, lower utilization, partially offset by decrease in subcontractors cost and operating expense, primarily due to cost optimization programs implemented in the nine months ended December 31, 2020.

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Other expense

Other expense decreased by $6.6 million, from $17.0 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to $10.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020, primarily due to a decrease in net foreign currency transaction losses related to the revaluation of Indian rupee denominated intercompany note, primarily due to a substantial appreciation of the Indian rupee against the U.S. dollar and a gain on redemption of equity method investment, partially offset by loss on sale of land acquired in the Polaris Transaction that was classified as asset held for sale and an increase in interest expense related to our credit facility, primarily related to increase in the borrowings and interest rate.

Income tax expense

Income tax expense decreased by $4.1 million, from $19.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to $15.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020. Our effective tax rate decreased from 43.3% for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to 31.1% for the nine months ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in tax expense and effective tax rate for the nine months ended December 31, 2020, was primarily due to a reduction in BEAT impact, the election of foreign tax credits, reduction of global intangible low-taxed income, lower statutory rates in India and the merger of our Indian operations, partially offset by tax expense on increased income from operations. The merger of our Indian operations permits previous nondeductible items to be deducted in computing local taxable income.

Noncontrolling interests

In connection with the Polaris acquisition, for the nine months ended December 31, 2019, we recorded a noncontrolling interest of $0.5 million, representing a 2.3%, share of profits of Polaris held by parties other than Virtusa. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, Polaris merged with and into Virtusa India, with Virtusa India being the surviving entity. As of March 31, 2020, we own 100% of Polaris shares.

Net income available to Virtusa stockholders

Net income available to Virtusa stockholders increased by $9.5 million or 36.8%, from $25.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to $35.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in net income in the nine months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to a decrease in foreign currency transaction losses, a decrease in income tax expense, a decrease in costs of revenue and operating expense, partially offset by a decrease in revenue and an increase in interest expense related to our credit facility.

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends and accretion

In connection with the preferred stock financing transaction with the Orogen Group, we accrued dividends and accreted issuance costs of $3.3 million at a rate of 3.875% per annum during the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Net income available to Virtusa common stockholders

Net income available to Virtusa common stockholders increased by $9.5 million, or 42.2%, from $22.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 to $31.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2020. The increase in net income in the nine months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to a decrease in foreign currency transaction losses, a decrease in income tax expense, a decrease in costs of revenue and operating expense, partially offset by a decrease in revenue and an increase in interest expense related to our credit facility.

Non-GAAP Measures

We include certain non-GAAP financial measures as defined by Regulation G by the Securities and Exchange Commission. These non-GAAP financial measures are not based on any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles and should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, and may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies. In addition, these non-GAAP measures should be read in conjunction with our financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP.

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We consider the total measure of cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments to be an important indicator of our overall liquidity. All of our investments are classified as time deposits, available-for-sale debt securities and equity securities, including our long-term investments which meet the credit rating and diversification requirements of our investment policy as approved by our audit committee and board of directors.

The following table provides the reconciliation from cash and cash equivalents to total cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and long-term investments:



	December 31, 2020		March 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$	347,173	$	290,837
Short-term investments		2,633		9,785
Long-term investments		22		4
Total cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments	$	349,828	$	300,626

We believe the following financial measures will provide additional insights to measure the operational performance of our business.

●

We present consolidated statements of income measures that exclude, when applicable, stock-based compensation expense, acquisition-related charges, restructuring charges, foreign currency transaction gains and losses, impairment of investments, impairment of long-lived assets, non-recurring third party financing cost, gain on redemption of equity method investment, non-recurring fees for potential proxy deliberation, the initial impact of our election to treat certain subsidiaries as disregarded entities for U.S. tax purposes, and other non-recurring tax items to provide further insights into the comparison of our operating results among periods.

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The following table presents a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure to the most comparable GAAP measure:


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	December 31,						December 31,
	2020			2019			2020			2019

	in thousands, except per share amounts)

GAAP income from operations	$	41,451		$	30,410		$	61,332		$	63,073
Add: Stock-based compensation expense		4,027			5,775			11,697			18,285
Add: Acquisition-related charges and restructuring charges (a)		6,512			4,345			19,869			12,741
Add: Non-recurring professional fees (b)		2,998			—			6,337			—
Non-GAAP income from operations	$	54,988		$	40,530		$	99,235		$	94,099
GAAP operating margin		12.0	%		9.1	%		6.4	%		6.4	%
Effect of above adjustments to income from operations		3.9	%		3.0	%		3.9	%		3.2	%
Non‑GAAP operating margin		15.9	%		12.1	%		10.3	%		9.6	%
GAAP net income available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	24,360		$	11,633		$	31,848		$	22,394
Add: Stock-based compensation expense		4,027			5,775			11,697			18,285
Add: Acquisition-related charges and restructuring charges (a)		6,512			4,345			19,869			13,008
Add: Non-recurring professional fees (b)		2,998			—			6,337			—
Add: Impairment of investment (c)		—			184			—			184
Less : Gain on redemption of equity method investment		—			—			(1,179)			—
Add : Loss on sale of asset held for sale (d)		619						619
Add: Foreign currency transaction (gains) losses (e)		(1,126)			3,065			(3,983)			5,300
Tax adjustments (f)		(3,625)			161			(8,491)			(4,153)
Less: Noncontrolling interest, net of taxes (g)		—			(16)			—			(44)
Non-GAAP net income available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	33,765		$	25,147		$	56,717		$	54,974
GAAP diluted earnings per share (h)	$	0.75		$	0.38		$	1.04		$	0.73
Effect of stock-based compensation expense (i)		0.12			0.17			0.35			0.54
Effect of acquisition-related charges and restructuring charges (a) (i)		0.19			0.13			0.61			0.38
Effect of non-recurring professional fees (b) (i)		0.09			—			0.19			—
Effect of impairment of investment (c) (i)		—			0.01			—			—
Effect of gain on redemption of equity method investment (i)		—			—			(0.04)			—
Effect of loss on sale of asset held for sale (d) (i)		0.02						0.02
Effect of foreign currency transaction (gains) losses (e) (i)		(0.03)			0.09			(0.12)			0.16
Tax adjustments (f) (i)		(0.11)			—			(0.26)			(0.12)
Effect of noncontrolling interest (g) (i)		—			—			—			—
Effect of dividend on Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (h) (i)		—			—			0.07			0.10
Effect of change in dilutive shares for non-GAAP (h)		—			—			(0.06)			(0.06)
Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share (i) (j)	$	1.03		$	0.78		$	1.80		$	1.73

(a)

Acquisition-related charges include, when applicable, amortization of purchased intangibles, external deal costs, transaction-related professional fees, acquisition-related retention bonuses, changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities, accreted interest related to deferred acquisition payments, charges for impairment of acquired

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intangible assets and other acquisition-related costs including integration expenses consisting of outside professional and consulting services and direct and incremental travel costs. Restructuring charges, when applicable, include termination benefits, as well as certain professional fees related to restructuring. The following table provides the details of the acquisition-related charges and restructuring charges:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Amortization of intangible assets	$	4,858	$	3,496	$	13,983	$	10,157
Acquisition and integration costs		—		849		—		2,584
Transaction costs related to Barings Transaction		1,370		—		6,367		—
Changes in fair value of contingent consideration		284		—		(481)		—
Acquisition-related charges included in costs of revenue and operating expense		6,512		4,345		19,869		12,741
Accreted interest related to deferred acquisition payments		—		—		—		267
Total acquisition-related charges and restructuring charges	$	6,512	$	4,345	$	19,869	$	13,008

(b)

Non-recurring fees for advisory, legal, consulting and proxy solicitation services in connection with a contested proxy solicitation with respect to our annual shareholder meeting and the election of directors. Also included is the reimbursement of fees and expenses incurred in connection with the settlement of the contested proxy solicitation.

(c)	Other-than-temporary impairment of available-for-sale securities recognized in earnings.

(d)	Loss on sale of land acquired in the Polaris Transaction that was classified as asset held for sale

(e)	Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are inclusive of gains and losses on related foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes.

(f)

Tax adjustments reflect the tax effect of the non-GAAP adjustments using the tax rates at which these adjustments are expected to be realized for the respective periods. For fiscal year 2020, tax adjustments exclude BEAT tax impact in contemplation of a reorganization of our Indian legal entities and assume application of foreign tax credit benefits in the United States.

(g)	Noncontrolling interest represents the minority shareholders interest of Polaris.

(h)

During the three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 all of the 3,000,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were included in the calculations of both GAAP and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been dilutive using the if-converted method. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, all of the 3,000,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were excluded from the calculations of GAAP diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive using the if-converted method.

The following table provides the non-GAAP net income available to Virtusa common stockholders and non-GAAP dilutive weighted average shares outstanding using the if-converted method to calculate the non-GAAP diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

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	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Non-GAAP net income available to Virtusa common stockholders	$	33,765	$	25,147	$	56,717	$	54,974
Add: Dividends and accretion on Series A Convertible Preferred Stock		1,087		1,087		2,175		3,262
Non-GAAP net income available to Virtusa common stockholders and assumed conversion	$	34,852	$	26,234	$	58,892	$	58,236
GAAP dilutive weighted average shares outstanding		33,897,596		33,458,231		30,665,142		30,700,269
Add: Incremental effect of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock as converted		—		—		2,000,000		3,000,000
Non-GAAP dilutive weighted average shares outstanding		33,897,596		33,458,231		32,665,142		33,700,269

(i)	To the extent the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is dilutive using the if-converted method, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is included in the weighted average shares outstanding to determine non-GAAP diluted earnings per share.

(j)	Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share is subject to rounding.

Liquidity and capital resources

We have financed our operations primarily from sales of shares of common stock, cash from operations, debt financing and from sales of shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. Our ability to expand and grow our business to execute our strategic objectives will depend on many factors, including our willingness to make opportunistic acquisitions, strategic investments and partnerships.

On September 9, 2020, we entered into the Merger Agreement, with Parent, and Sub, with respect to the acquisition of the Company by Parent for $51.35 in cash for each share of Virtusa common stock. We expect to incur significant costs, expenses and fees for professional services and other transaction costs in connection with the merger contemplated by the Merger Agreement. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, we incurred approximately $6.4 million as transaction costs in connection with the Merger. If the Merger Agreement is terminated under specified circumstances, we may be required to pay a termination fee of $54.3 million to Austin HoldCo Inc. For more information regarding the merger contemplated by the Merger Agreement and Merger Agreement, please see the Form 8-K filed with the SEC by the Company on September 11, 2020.

In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, which had and is having a negative business impact on our operations, in March 2020, we drew down approximately $84.0 million dollars from our revolving credit facility to supplement our liquidity and working capital in light of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our clients and our results of operations. For additional liquidity, on May 27, 2020, we entered into Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “ Administrative Agent” ) and the lenders party thereto (the “ Third Credit Agreement Amendment” ), which amends the Company’s Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of February 6, 2018, with such parties (as amended, “Credit Agreement” ) to, among other things, (i) provide for $62.5 million in incremental 364-day delayed draw term loans (the “New Delayed Draw Term Loans” ), which can be drawn down up to three times on or before September 27, 2020 and (ii) extend out the debt to EBITDA ratio covenant step down by two quarters such that the leverage covenant remains at 3.25:1.00 through December 31, 2020. The Company can use the proceeds of the New Delayed Draw Term Loans to fund general working capital and refinance existing indebtedness under the credit facility. On May 27, 2020, the Company prepaid $55.0 million on its existing revolving facility as a condition to closing the Third Credit Agreement Amendment. The Third Credit Agreement Amendment contains customary terms for amendments of this type, such as representations, warranties and covenants, including pro forma compliance with the Credit Agreement debt to EBITDA covenant as a condition to borrowing. Interest under the New Delayed Draw Term Loans accrues at a rate per annum of LIBOR plus 3.50%. The Company did not elect to draw down on the New Delayed Draw Term Loans.

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On October 15, 2019, we entered into Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “Administrative Agent”) and the lenders party thereto (the “Second Credit Agreement Amendment”), which amends the Credit Agreement to, among other things, increase the revolving commitments available to us under the Credit Agreement from $200.0 million to $275.0 million, reduce the interest rate margins applicable to term loans and revolving loans outstanding under the Credit Agreement from time to time and reduce the commitment fee payable by us to the lenders in respect of unused revolving commitments under the Credit Agreement. We executed the Second Credit Agreement Amendment to provide additional lending capacity which we used to fund the completion of the Polaris delisting transaction, as well as to provide excess lending capacity in the event of future opportunistic, strategic, investment opportunities. The Second Credit Agreement Amendment contains customary terms for amendments of this type, including representations, warranties and covenants. Interest under the credit facility accrues at a rate per annum of LIBOR plus 2.75%, subject to step-downs based on the Company’s ratio of debt to EBITDA. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company drew down $145.0 million from the credit facility, inclusive of $84.0 million drawn in the three months ended March 31, 2020 as a proactive measure in light of the uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Earlier draws in the fiscal year March 31, 2020 were used to fund the eTouch 18-month anniversary payment of $17.5 million and to fund opportunistic, strategic, investment opportunities.

For the fiscal year ending March 31, 2021, we are required to make principal payments of $4.3 million per quarter. The term of the Credit Agreement is five years ending February 6, 2023. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, the Company paid $13.0 million and $105.0 million towards the term loan and the revolver facility, respectively. At December 31, 2020, the total outstanding amount under the Credit Agreement to $382.0 million and the weighted average interest rate on the term loan and revolving line of credit was 3.50%.

At December 31, 2020, we were in compliance with all covenants set forth in our Credit Agreement. Based upon our current plans, we expect our operating cash flows, together with our cash and short-term investment balances, to be sufficient to meet our operating requirements and service our debt for the foreseeable future. However, given the dynamic nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, there can be no assurances that its future impact will not have a material adverse effect on our ongoing business, results of operations, liquidity needs, debt covenant compliance or overall financial performance.

At December 31, 2020, we had approximately $349.8 million of cash, cash equivalents, short term investments and long term investments, of which we hold approximately $126.6 million of cash, cash equivalents, short term investments and long-term investments in non-U.S. locations, particularly in India, Sri Lanka and the United Kingdom. We intend to use accumulated and future earnings of foreign subsidiaries to expand operations outside the United States and, accordingly, undistributed income is considered indefinitely reinvested. If our intent were to change and we elected to repatriate this cash back to the United States, or this cash was deemed no longer permanently invested, this cash could be subject to additional taxes and the change in such intent could have an adverse effect on our cash balances as well as our overall statement of income. Due to various methods by which cash could be repatriated to the United States in the future, the amount of taxes attributable to the cash is dependent on circumstances existing if and when remittance occurs. In addition, some countries could have restrictions on the movement and exchange of foreign currencies which could further limit our ability to use such funds for global operations or capital or other strategic investments. Due to the various methods by which such earnings could be repatriated in the future, it is not practicable to determine the amount of applicable taxes that would result from such repatriation.

We believe that our sources of funding will be sufficient to satisfy our currently anticipated cash requirements including capital expenditures, working capital requirements, potential acquisitions, strategic investments and other liquidity requirements through at least the next 12 months.

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To the extent that existing cash from operations is insufficient to fund our working capital needs and other cash obligations, we may raise additional funds through debt or equity financing. We cannot give any assurance that additional financing, if required, will be available on favorable terms or at all.

We do not believe the deemed repatriation tax on accumulated foreign earnings related to the Tax Act will have a significant impact on our cash flows in any individual fiscal year.

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, we completed multiple tuck-in asset and business acquisitions for an aggregate purchase price consideration of $49.6 million, with an additional earn-out consideration of $38.7 million, which, if earned, would be payable over the next two fiscal years. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, we paid $10.3 million and $7.6 million in deferred consideration and earn-out consideration respectively related to these tuck-in acquisitions. As of December 31, 2020, the balance of undiscounted contingent consideration is $17.1 million, of which $12.5 million is expected to be paid within the next 12 months.

On December 31, 2019, in connection with a request for proposal (“RFP”) and vendor consolidation process conducted by Citigroup Technology, Inc. (“Citi”), and as part of the Company being one of the vendors selected to continue preferred vendor status at Citi and have the opportunity to compete for additional vendor consolidation work, the Company and Citi entered into Amendment No. 5 to the Master Professional Services Agreement, by and between the Company and Citi, dated as of July 1, 2015, as amended (the “Amendment”). Pursuant to the Amendment, (i) Citi agreed to maintain the Company as a preferred vendor under the Resource Management Organization for the provision of IT services to Citi on an enterprise wide basis, (ii) the Company agreed to provide certain savings to Citi for the period from April 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 (“Savings Period”), which savings can be achieved through productivity and efficiency measures and associated reduced spend; provided that if these productivity and efficiency measures do not achieve the projected savings amounts, the Company is required to provide certain discounts to Citi for the Savings Period to achieve the savings commitments; and (iii) to the extent that Citi awards the Company additional or new work in addition to the services covered by the RFP, the Company agreed to provide Citi with a certain percentage of savings (whether achieved through productivity measures, efficiencies, discounts or otherwise) as a condition to performing such services.

On May 3, 2017, we entered into an investment agreement with The Orogen Group (“Orogen”) pursuant to which Orogen purchased 108,000 shares of the Company’s newly issued Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, initially convertible into 3,000,000 shares of common stock, for an aggregate purchase price of $108.0 million with an initial conversion price of $36.00 (the “Orogen Preferred Stock Financing”). In connection with the investment, Vikram S. Pandit, the former CEO of Citigroup, was appointed to our board of directors. Orogen is an operating company that was created by Vikram Pandit and Atairos Group, Inc., an independent private company focused on supporting growth-oriented businesses, to leverage the opportunities created by the evolution of the financial services landscape and to identify and invest in financial services companies and related businesses with proven business models.

Under the terms of the investment, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock has a 3.875% dividend per annum, payable quarterly in additional shares of common stock and/or cash at our option. If any shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock have not been converted into common stock prior to May 3, 2024, the Company will be required to repurchase such shares at a repurchase price equal to the liquidation preference of the repurchased shares plus the amount of accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon. If we fail to effect such repurchase, the dividend rate on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will increase by 1% per annum and an additional 1% per annum on each anniversary of May 3, 2024 during the period in which such failure to effect the repurchase is continuing, except that the dividend rate will not increase to more than 6.875% per annum. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, the Company paid $3.1 million as a cash dividend on its Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.

The Company also uses interest rate swaps to mitigate the Company’s interest rate risk on the Company’s variable rate debt. The Company’s objective is to limit the variability of cash flows associated with changes in LIBOR interest rate payments due on the Credit Agreement (See Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements), by using pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swaps to offset the future variable rate interest payments. The Company purchased interest rate swaps in July 2016 with an effective date of July 2017 and November 2018. The interest rate swaps purchased in July 2016 matured on in July 28, 2020. The November 2018 interest rate swap is at a fixed rate of 2.85% and is designed to maintain a 50% coverage of our LIBOR debt, therefore the notional amount changes over the life of the interest rate swap to retain

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the 50% coverage target. During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and operating as designed, the 2018 interest rate swap increased to cover the notional amount of debt that the expired interest rate swaps had been covering. In addition, the Company conducted a simultaneous de-designation and a re-designation of the hedge for this interest rate swap to align with the May 2020 debt amendment and maintain a highly effective hedge relationship given the increase of the notional amount of the interest rate swap and in consideration of the increase in interest rate floor to 1%.

The counterparties to the Interest Rate Swap Agreements could demand an early termination of the November 2018 Interest Rate Swap Agreements if we are in default under the Credit Agreement, or any agreement that amends or replaces the Credit Agreement in which the counterparty is a member, and we are unable to cure the default. An event of default under the Credit Agreement includes customary events of default and failure to comply with financial covenants, including a maximum consolidated leverage ratio commencing on December 31, 2017, of not more than 3.50 to 1.00 for all periods thereafter ending prior to December 31, 2019, of not more than 3.25 to 1.00 commencing December 31, 2019 and for periods thereafter through December 2021, and 3.00 to 1.00 thereafter and a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.25 to 1.00. As of March 31, 2020, we were in compliance with these covenants. The net unrealized loss associated with Interest Rate Swap Agreement was $8.9 million as of December 31, 2020, which represents the estimated amount that we would pay to the counterparties in the event of an early termination.

From time to time, the Company enters into arrangements to deliver IT services that include upfront payments to our clients. As of December 31, 2020, the total unamortized upfront payments related to these services were $15.7 million and are expected to be amortized as a reduction to revenue over a benefit period of 3 years.

During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, our accounts receivables and unbilled receivables significantly decreased due to a decrease in days sales of outstanding (“DSO”). As of December 31, 2020, our DSO was 57 days compared to 78 days at March 31, 2020. The significant increase in deferred revenue during the nine months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to a change in timing of our work performed compared to timing of invoicing to our clients.

Beginning in fiscal 2009, our U.K. subsidiary entered into an agreement with an unrelated financial institution to sell, without recourse, certain of its Europe-based accounts receivable balances from one client to the financial institution. During the nine months ended December 31, 2020, we sold $42.6 million of receivables under the terms of the financing agreement. Fees paid pursuant to this agreement were not material during the nine months ended December 31, 2020. No amounts were due under the financing agreement at December 31, 2020, but we may elect to use this program again in future periods. However, we cannot provide any assurances that this or any other financing facilities will be available or utilized in the future.

On February 28, 2019, the Supreme Court of India issued a ruling interpreting certain statutory defined contribution obligations of employees and employers, which altered historical understandings of such obligations, extending them to cover additional portions of employee income. As a result, contributions by our employees and the Company will increase in future periods. There is uncertainty as to whether the Indian government will apply the Supreme Court's ruling on a retroactive basis and if so, how this liability should be calculated as it is impacted by multiple variables, including the period of assessment, the application with respect to certain current and former employees and whether interest and penalties may be assessed. As such, the ultimate amount of our obligation is difficult to quantify. If the Indian Government were to apply the Supreme Court ruling retroactively, without assessing interest and penalties, the impact would be a charge of approximately $7.5 million to our income from operations and cash flows.

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Cash flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented:


	Nine Months Ended
	December 31,
	2020		2019

	(In thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	171,416	$	74,454
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		2,872		(24,927)
Net cash used in financing activities		(129,096)		(20,275)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		16,269		(131)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash		61,461		29,121
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year		291,601		190,113
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	353,062	$	219,234

Operating activities

Net cash provided by operating activities increased in the nine months ended December 31, 2020 compared to the nine ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to a decrease in accounts receivable as a result of a decrease in our days sales outstanding during the nine months ended December 31, 2020.

Investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities decreased in the nine months ended December 31, 2020 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2019 is primarily due to a decrease in the payments for acquisitions, proceeds from sale of land acquired in the Polaris Transaction, a decrease in purchase of property and equipment, partially offset by a decrease in net proceeds from sale or maturity of short-term investments.

Financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities increased in the nine ended December 31, 2020 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2019. The increase in net cash used in financing activities in the nine months ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to an increase in payment of debt, net of proceeds and payment of contingent consideration related to acquisitions partially offset by no payments made for repurchase of common stock and noncontrolling interest during the nine months ended December 31, 2020.

Commitments and Contingencies

See Note 17 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

We do not have investments in special purpose entities or undisclosed borrowings or debt.

We have entered into foreign currency derivative contracts with the objective of limiting our exposure to changes in the Indian rupee, the U.K. pound sterling, the euro, the Canadian dollar and the Australian dollar as described below and in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”

We maintain a foreign currency cash flow hedging program designed to further mitigate the risks of volatility in the Indian rupee against the U.S. dollar and U.K. pound sterling as described below in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.” From time to time, we may also purchase multiple foreign currency forward contracts designed to hedge fluctuation in foreign currencies, such as the U.K. pound sterling, euro, the Canadian dollar and the

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Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar to minimize the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on foreign currency denominated revenue and expenses. Other than these foreign currency derivative contracts, we have not entered into off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons that are likely to affect liquidity or the availability of or requirements for capital resources.

Recent accounting pronouncements

See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our market risks, and the ways we manage them, are summarized in Part II, Item 7A of the Annual Report. There have been no material changes in nine months ended December 31, 2020 to such risks or to our management of such risks except for the additional factors noted below.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk in the ordinary course of business. We have historically entered into, and in the future we may enter into, foreign currency derivative contracts to minimize the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on both foreign currency denominated assets and forecasted revenue and expenses. The purpose of this foreign exchange policy is to protect us from the risk that the recognition of and eventual cash flows related to Indian rupee denominated expenses might be affected by changes in exchange rates. Some of these contracts meet the criteria for hedge accounting as cash flow hedges (See Note 8 of our consolidated financial statements included herein for a description of recent hedging activities).

We evaluate our foreign exchange policy on an ongoing basis to assess our ability to address foreign exchange exposures on our balance sheet, statement of income and operating cash flows from all foreign currencies, including most significantly the GBP and the Indian rupee.

We have an 18 month rolling hedge program comprised of a series of foreign exchange forward contracts that are designated as cash flow hedges. This program is designed to mitigate the impact of volatility in the U.S. dollar and the GBP equivalents of our Indian rupee denominated expenses. The U.S. dollar equivalent notional value of all outstanding foreign currency derivative contracts at December 31, 2020 was $87.7 million. There is no assurance that the hedging program or hedging contracts will be effective. As these foreign currency hedging programs are designed to reduce volatility in the Indian rupee, they not only reduce the negative impact of a stronger Indian rupee but also reduce the positive impact of a weaker Indian rupee on our Indian rupee expenses.

The GBP, the euro, the Canadian dollar (“CAD”) and the Australian dollar (“AUD”) exchange fluctuations can have an unpredictable impact on our GBP, euro, CAD and AUD revenues generated and costs incurred. In response to this volatility, we have an economic hedge program under which we have entered into hedging transactions designed to hedge our forecasted revenue and expenses denominated in the GBP, the euro, the Canadian dollar and the Australian dollar. These derivative contracts have maximum duration of 92 days and do not meet the criteria for hedge accounting. Such hedges may not be effective in mitigating this currency volatility. These hedges are designed to reduce the negative impact of a weaker GBP, euro, CAD and AUD, however they also reduce the positive impact of a stronger GBP, euro, CAD or AUD on the respective revenues.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest under our credit facility accrues at the higher of LIBOR or 1.00%, plus 2.75% subject to step downs based on our ratio of debt to EBITDA. In the event that LIBOR is discontinued as expected in 2021, we expect the interest rates for our debt following such event will be based on either alternate base rates or an agreed upon replacement reference rates. While we do not expect a LIBOR discontinuation would affect our ability to borrow or maintain already outstanding borrowings, it could result in higher interest rates. We entered into interest rate swap agreements to minimize interest rate exposure. The Credit Agreement for our credit facility includes maximum debt to EBITDA and minimum fixed charge

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coverage covenants. The term of the Credit Agreement is five years, ending February 6, 2023. At December 31, 2020, the weighted average interest rate on the term loan and line of credit was 3.50%. At December 31, 2020, the outstanding amount under the Credit Agreement was $382.0 million.

At December 31, 2020, we had $349.8 million in cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and long-term investments, the interest income from which is affected by changes in interest rates. Our invested securities primarily consist of money market mutual funds and time deposits. Our investments are classified as available-for-sale debt securities, time deposits and equity securities. These investments are recorded at fair value. Our investments are sensitive to changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes would result in a change in the net fair value of these financial instruments due to the difference between the market interest rate at the period end and the market interest rate at the date of purchase of the financial instrument.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments which potentially expose us to concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and long-term investments, accounts receivable, derivative contracts, other financial assets and unbilled accounts receivable. We place our operating cash, investments and derivatives in highly-rated financial institutions. We adhere to a formal investment policy with the primary objective of preservation of principal, which contains credit rating minimums and diversification requirements. We believe that our credit policies reflect normal industry terms and business risk. We do not anticipate non-performance by the counterparties as we invest with highly-rated financial institutions and, accordingly, do not require collateral. Credit losses and write-offs of accounts receivable balances have historically not been material to our consolidated financial statements and have not exceeded our expectations.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as ours are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

At December 31, 2020, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) and internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at a reasonable assurance level in (i) enabling us to record, process, summarize and report information required to be included in our periodic SEC filings within the required time period and (ii) ensuring that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of our management, the outcome of such claims and legal actions, if decided adversely, is not currently expected to have a material adverse effect on our operating results, cash flows or consolidated financial position, except as disclosed below;

On September 9, 2020, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, or the merger agreement, pursuant to which Austin BidCo Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Austin HoldCo Inc., a Delaware corporation (which we refer to as Parent), and owned by funds affiliated with Baring Private Equity Asia, will be merged with and into us, with Virtusa surviving as a subsidiary of Parent, which we refer to as the merger. In connection with the proposed merger, a purported stockholder of the Company filed a complaint on October 8, 2020 in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, captioned Stein v. Virtusa Corporation, et al., Case No. 1:20-CV-01363 (referred to as the “Stein complaint”), naming as defendants the Company and each member of our board of directors as of the date of the merger agreement. In addition, on October 15, 2020, a purported stockholder of the Company filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, captioned Williams v. Virtusa Corporation, et al., Case No. 1:20-CV-01389 (the “Williams complaint” and together with the Stein complaint, the “stockholder complaints”), naming as defendants the Company and each member of our board of directors as of the date of the merger agreement. The stockholder complaints contain substantially similar allegations and generally allege that the proxy statement filed by the Company with the SEC on October 7, 2020 in connection with the merger (referred to as the “preliminary proxy statement”), is materially incomplete and misleading by failing to disclose in violation of Section 14(a) and Section 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, as well as Rule 14a-9 promulgated thereunder, allegedly material information concerning (i) certain financial projections prepared by the Company’s management and summarized in the preliminary proxy statement, (ii) certain inputs and assumptions used in the financial analyses conducted by J.P. Morgan in connection with rendering its fairness opinion to our board of directors, and (iii) certain background regarding the Company’s retention of Citi. The relief sought in the stockholder complaints includes equitable relief, including among other things, to enjoin the consummation of the merger unless and until certain additional and allegedly material information is disclosed to the Company’s stockholders, to rescind the merger agreement, to the extent already implemented, or to recover rescissory damages, to direct the defendants to account to plaintiffs for all alleged damages suffered as a result of their alleged wrongdoing and to award plaintiffs costs and disbursements, including reasonable attorneys’ and expert fees and expenses. It is possible that additional similar cases may also be filed in connection with the merger.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves a number of risks that could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results, some of which are beyond our control. In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the Annual Report, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, which we currently deem immaterial or which are similar to those faced by other companies in our industry or business in general, may also impair our business operations. There are no material changes to the Risk Factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2020, other than as set forth below.

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Risks Related to the Proposed Merger

We may not complete the proposed merger within the time frame we anticipate or at all, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial results and/or operations.

Completion of the merger is subject to a number of closing conditions, including obtaining approval of our stockholders and receipt of required regulatory approvals or clearances. Each party’s obligation to consummate the merger is also subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the other party (subject to certain materiality qualifications) and the performance in all material respects of the other party’s covenants under the merger agreement, including, with respect to us, covenants regarding operation of our business prior to closing. In addition, the merger agreement may be terminated under certain specified circumstances, including, but not limited to, by Parent in connection with a change in the recommendation of our board of directors or by us to enter into an agreement for a “Superior Proposal,” as defined in the merger agreement. As a result, we cannot assure you that the merger will be completed, even if our stockholders approve the merger, or that, if completed, it will be exactly on the terms set forth in the merger agreement or within the expected time frame.

If the merger is not completed within the expected time frame or at all, we may be subject to a number of material risks. The price of our common stock may decline to the extent that current market prices reflect a market assumption that the merger will be completed. We could be required to reimburse certain expenses of Parent or pay Parent a termination fee of $54.3 million if the merger agreement is terminated under specific circumstances described in the merger agreement. The failure to complete the merger may result in negative publicity and negatively affect our relationship with our stockholders, employees and clients. We may also be required to devote significant time and resources to litigation related to any failure to complete the merger or related to any enforcement proceeding commenced against us to perform our obligations under the merger agreement.

The merger agreement provides us with limited remedies in the event of a breach by Parent that results in termination of the merger agreement, including the right to a reverse termination fee payable under certain specified circumstances, as described in the merger agreement. We cannot assure you that a remedy will be available to us in the event of such a breach or that the damages we incur in connection with such breach will not exceed the amount of the reverse termination fee. In addition, Parent requires significant third-party debt financing to complete the merger and in the event that the Parent’s lenders do not provide such debt financing, we may only be entitled to receive the reverse termination fee as provided under the merger agreement.

The announcement and pendency of the merger could adversely affect our business, financial results and/or operations.

Our efforts to complete the merger could cause substantial disruptions in, and create uncertainty surrounding, our business, which may materially adversely affect our results of operation and our business. Uncertainty as to whether the merger will be completed may affect our ability to recruit prospective employees or to retain and motivate existing employees. Employee retention may be particularly challenging while the merger is pending because employees may experience uncertainty about their roles following the merger. A substantial amount of our management’s and employees’ attention is being directed toward the completion of the merger and thus is being diverted from our day-to-day operations. Uncertainty as to our future could adversely affect our business and our relationship with clients and potential clients. For example, clients and other counterparties may defer decisions concerning working with us, or seek to change existing business relationships with us. Changes to or termination of existing business relationships could adversely affect our revenue, earnings and financial condition, as well as the market price of our common stock. The adverse effects of the pendency of the merger could be exacerbated by any delays in completion of the merger or termination of the merger agreement.

While the merger agreement is in effect, we are subject to restrictions on our business activities.

While the merger agreement is in effect, we are subject to restrictions on our business activities, including, among other things, restrictions on our ability to acquire other businesses and assets, dispose of our assets, make investments, enter into certain contracts, repurchase or issue securities, pay dividends, make capital expenditures, take certain actions relating to intellectual property, amend our organizational documents and incur indebtedness. These restrictions could prevent us from pursuing strategic business opportunities, taking actions with respect to our business that we may consider

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advantageous and responding effectively and/or timely to competitive pressures and industry developments, and may as a result materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

In certain instances, the merger agreement requires us to pay a termination fee to Parent, which could affect the decisions of a third party considering making an alternative acquisition proposal.

Under the terms of the merger agreement, we may be required to pay Parent a termination fee of $54.3 million under specified conditions including in the event we terminate the merger agreement to enter into a “Superior Proposal,” as defined in the merger agreement or in the event Parent terminates the merger agreement following a change in the recommendation of our board of directors that our stockholders approve the merger. This payment could affect the structure, pricing and terms proposed by a third party seeking to acquire or merge with us and could discourage a third party from making a competing acquisition proposal, including a proposal that would be more favorable to our stockholders than the merger.

We have incurred, and will continue to incur, direct and indirect costs as a result of the merger.

We have incurred, and will continue to incur, significant costs and expenses, including fees for professional services and other transaction costs, in connection with the merger. We must pay substantially all of these costs and expenses whether or not the merger is completed. There are a number of factors beyond our control that could affect the total amount or the timing of these costs and expenses.

Legal proceedings in connection with the merger, the outcomes of which are uncertain, could delay or prevent the completion of the merger.

Since the announcement of the merger, putative class actions have been filed in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware in connection with the proposed merger against us and the members of our board of directors. The lawsuits allege that the preliminary proxy statement violates Section 14(a) and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934 by materially omitting material information related to Company’s projections and the explanation of the analysis of the Company’s financial advisor, among other claims. Among other remedies, the plaintiffs in these lawsuits seek to enjoin the merger. This and other potential legal proceedings could delay or prevent the merger from becoming effective.

Risks Related to U.S. Immigration Laws

Changes in U.S. immigration law may increase our cost of revenue and may substantially restrict or eliminate our ability to obtain visas to use offshore resources onsite, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, revenue, profitability and utilization rates.

The issue of companies outsourcing services to organizations operating in other countries is a topic of political discussion in many countries, including the United States, which is our largest market. The U.S. Congress regularly considers proposals that could make extensive changes to U.S. immigration laws regarding the admission of high-skilled temporary and permanent workers. Further, the current U.S. administration or Congress may seek to limit the admission of high-skilled temporary and permanent workers and has issued and may continue to issue executive orders designed to limit immigration. For instance, on April 22, 2020 the Trump Administration suspended the issuance of most immigrant visas for a sixty-day period, and on October 8, 2020, the Trump Administration issued interim final rules on changes to computation of prevailing wages and to amend and strengthen the H-1B nonimmigrant visa classification program. On May 7, 2020 four U.S. Senators, noting the increase in U.S. unemployment rate, urged the President to expand that order to restrict the admission of nonimmigrant (including H-1B) workers and limit the issuance of employment authorization to various categories of non-immigrants currently in the US, including certain F-1 students and H dependents. They also urged the President to extend that order for either one year, or until national unemployment rates return to normal levels. Any such proposal, if enacted, or policy change, if implemented, may increase our cost of doing business in the United States and may discourage customers from seeking our services. Our international expansion strategy and our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected if changes in immigration and work permit laws and regulations or the administration or enforcement of such laws or regulations impair our ability to staff projects with professionals who are not citizens of the country where the work is to be performed.

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The potential risks and impact to our business if changes are made to immigration laws relating to use of H-1(B) and L-1 visas are approved could include:

●

Reduced ability to bring in foreign workers on an L-1 or H-1(B) visa

●

Increased scrutiny and requests for proof of eligibility on the use of L-1 and H-1(B) visas

●

Higher costs, including wages and benefits, for H-1(B) and L-1 visa holders

●

Elimination of our ability to pay the living expenses of an L-1 visa holder on a tax-free basis

●

Increased oversight by the Department of Labor (“DOL”) over issuance, use and administration of L-1 visas, as the DOL currently only oversees H-1(B) visas

Even if we are able to apply for, or obtain, such visas, we could incur substantial delays and costs in processing any such requests and our costs of operations could materially rise, thus materially and negatively impacting our gross margins and our statement of income. Any inability to obtain, or extended delays in obtaining, these visas, or any delays or inability to hire resources for existing or future client projects could materially delay or prevent our commencement or fulfillment of client projects, which could hamper our growth and cause our revenue to decline.

In the EU, many countries continue to implement new regulations to move into compliance with the EU Directive of 2014 to harmonize immigration rules for intracompany transferees in most EU member states and to facilitate the transfer of managers, specialists and graduate trainees both into and within the region. The changes have had significant impacts on mobility programs and have led to new notification and documentation requirements for companies sending professionals to EU countries.

Recent changes or any additional adverse revisions to immigration laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate may cause us delays, staffing shortages, additional costs or an inability to bid for or fulfill projects for clients, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Any such delays or inability to staff needed resources on client engagements may cause client dissatisfaction, project and staffing delays in new and existing engagements, project cancellations, higher project costs and loss of revenue, resulting in decreases in profits and a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Under the terms of our 2007 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (“2007 Plan”) and 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (“2015 Plan”), we have issued shares of restricted stock to our employees. On the date that these restricted shares vest, we automatically withhold, via a net exercise provision pursuant to our applicable restricted stock agreements and the 2007 Plan and 2015 Plan, as the case may be, the number of vested shares (based on the closing price of our common stock on such vesting date) equal to tax liability owed by such grantee. The shares withheld from the grantees under the 2007 Plan or the 2015 Plan, as the case may be, to settle their tax liability are reallocated to the number of shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan. For the three months period ended December 31, 2020, we withheld an aggregate of 2,201 shares of restricted stock at a weighted average price of $50.05 per share.

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Item 6. Exhibits.

The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:


Exhibit No.			Description

2.1			Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated September 9, 2020, by and among Virtusa Corporation, Austin HoldCo Inc. and Austin BidCo Inc. (previously filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33625) filed on September 11, 2020 and incorporated by reference herein).

10.1*			Amendment 7 to Master Services Agreement dated as of January 7, 2021 by and between Citigroup Technology, Inc. and the Registrant and amends the Master Professional Services Agreement between the Parties dated July 1, 2015, as amended.

10.2			Form of Voting Agreement (previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33625) filed on September 11, 2020 and incorporated by reference herein).

10.3			Settlement Agreement, dated October 6, 2020, by and among Virtusa Corporation, New Mountain Vantage LO, L.P., New Mountain Vantage Focus, L.P., New Mountain Vantage (California) II, L.P., New Mountain Vantage, L.P., New Mountain Vantage Co-Invest II, L.P., New Mountain Vantage GP, L.L.C. and New Mountain Vantage Advisers, L.L.C. (previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33625) filed on October 7, 2020 and incorporated by reference herein).

10.4			Voting Agreement, dated October 6, 2020, by and among Virtusa Corporation, New Mountain Vantage LO, L.P., New Mountain Vantage Focus, L.P., New Mountain Vantage (California) II, L.P., New Mountain Vantage, L.P., New Mountain Vantage Co-Invest II, L.P., New Mountain Vantage GP, L.L.C., New Mountain Vantage Advisers, L.L.C. (previously filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33625) filed on October 7, 2020 and incorporated by reference herein).

31.1*			Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2*			Certification of principal financial and accounting officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1**			Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. 1350.

32.2**			Certification of principal financial and accounting officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. 1350.

101.INS*			XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data Files because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 *			Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Filed herewith.

+ Indicates a management contract or compensation plan, contract or arrangement.

** Furnished herewith. This certification shall not be deemed filed for any purpose, nor shall it be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	Virtusa Corporation

Date: February 9, 2021	By:	/s/ Kris Canekeratne

		Kris Canekeratne,
		Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: February 9, 2021	By:	/s/ Ranjan Kalia

		Ranjan Kalia,
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)