UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

	For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

	or

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission file number 001-39134

BROADMARK REALTY CAPITAL INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)


Maryland	84-2620891
State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization	I.R.S. Employer Identification No.

1420 Fifth Avenue, Suite 2000 Seattle, WA	98101
Address of Principal Executive Offices	Zip Code

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (206) 971-0800

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	BRMK	New York Stock Exchange
Warrants, each exercisable for one fourth (1/4th) share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $2.875 per one fourth (1/4th) share	BRMK WS	NYSE American LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☒	Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
			Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 6, 2020, there were 132,236,307 shares of common stock outstanding.

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		Page


PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	31
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	42
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	43

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	44
Item 1a.	Risk Factors	44
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	46
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	46
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	46
Item 5.	Other Information	46
Item 6.	Exhibits	47

SIGNATURES		48

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “Broadmark Realty,” “the Company,” “Successor,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Broadmark Realty Capital Inc., unless the context indicates otherwise.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Report”) and the exhibits hereto contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange of Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Report, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, strategy and plans, and our expectations of future operations, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, capital resources, portfolio performance and projected results of operations. Likewise, our statements regarding anticipated growth in its operations, anticipated market conditions, demographics and results of operations are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of terminology such as “outlook,” “believes,” “expects,” “projects,” “potential,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “predicts,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” or the negative version of these words or other comparable words or phrases.

The forward-looking statements contained in this Report and the exhibits hereto are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on the Company. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. Actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Some factors that could cause our actual results to differ include, but are not limited to:

●

risks described under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this Report, and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended on December 31, 2019, including those set forth under the “Risk Factors” and “Business” sections;

●

the magnitude, duration and severity of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic;

●

disruptions in our business operations, including construction lending activity, relating to COVID-19;

●

adverse impact of COVID-19 on the value of our goodwill established in the Business Combination (as defined in this Report);

●

the impact of actions taken by governments, businesses, and individuals in response to the COVID-19 pandemic;

●

the current and future health and stability of the economy and residential housing market, including any extended slowdown in the real estate markets as a result of COVID-19;

●

changes in laws or regulations applicable to our business, employees, lending activities, including current and future laws, regulations and orders that limit our ability to operate in light of COVID-19;

●

defaults by borrowers in paying debt service on outstanding indebtedness;

●

the adequacy of collateral securing our loans and declines in the value of real estate property securing our loans;

●

availability of origination and acquisition opportunities acceptable to us;

●

potential mismatches in the timing of asset repayments and the maturity of the associated financing agreements;

●

increased competition from entities engaged in construction lending activities;

●

general economic uncertainty and the effect of general economic conditions on the real estate and real estate capital markets in particular;

●

general and local commercial and residential real estate property conditions;

●

changes in federal government policies;

●

changes in federal, state and local governmental laws and regulations that impact our business, assets or classification as a real estate investment trust;

●

our ability to pay, maintain or grow the dividend in the future;

●

changes in interest rates;

●

the availability of, and costs associated with, sources of liquidity;

●

the adequacy of our policies, procedures and systems for managing risk effectively;

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

●

the ability to manage future growth; and

●

changes in personnel and availability of qualified personnel.

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of the assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share data)


	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	173,602	$	238,214
Mortgage notes receivable, net		858,713		821,589
Interest and fees receivable, net		11,917		4,108
Investment in real property, net		3,743		5,837
Intangible assets, net		706		4,970
Goodwill		136,965		131,965
Other assets		4,981		2,046
Total assets	$	1,190,627	$	1,208,729

Liabilities and Equity
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	3,504	$	8,415
Dividends payable		7,934		15,842
Total liabilities	$	11,438	$	24,257
Commitments and Contingencies
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 132,236,307 and 132,015,635 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively		132		132
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019		—		—
Additional Paid in Capital		1,212,914		1,209,120
Accumulated deficit		(33,857)		(24,780)
Total equity		1,179,189		1,184,472
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,190,627	$	1,208,729

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Successor		Predecessor		Successor		Predecessor
	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,		September 30,		September 30,
	2020		2019⁽²⁾		2020		2019⁽²⁾
Revenues
Interest income	$	21,844	$	25,284	$	68,577	$	69,363
Fee income		7,139		9,297		21,244		31,574
Total Revenue		28,983		34,581		89,821		100,937
Other Income:
Change in fair value of optional subscription liabilities		1,948		—		5,094		—
Expenses
Impairment:
Loan loss (benefit) provision		(652)		2,704		3,279		2,777
Operating expenses:
Compensation and employee benefits		5,160		794		11,397		4,647
General and administrative		3,199		5,227		9,977		11,468
Total Expenses		7,707		8,725		24,653		18,892
Income before income taxes		23,224		25,856		70,262		82,045
Income tax provision		—		—		—		—
Net income	$	23,224	$	25,856	$	70,262	$	82,045
Earnings per common share: ⁽¹⁾
Basic	$	0.18	$	—	$	0.53	$	-
Diluted	$	0.18	$	—	$	0.53	$	-
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding, basic and diluted
Basic		132,282,252		—		132,156,844		—
Diluted		132,316,746		—		132,207,605		—

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

(1)	The Company determined that earnings per unit in the Predecessor periods would not be meaningful to the users of this filing, given the different unit holders and members’ equity structures of each individual entity in the Predecessor Company Group.

(2)	Predecessor periods are combined as disclosed in Note 1.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(in thousands, except share data)


	Preferred			Common stock				Additional
	Shares	Amount		Shares		Amount		Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Total
Balances as of December 31, 2019	—	$	—		132,015,635	$	132	$	1,209,120	$	(24,780)	$	1,184,472
Issuance of shares from vested RSUs	—		—		95,694		—		—		—		—
Net Income	—		—		—		—		—		27,279		27,279
Dividends	—		—		—		—		—		(31,700)		(31,700)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		—		—		914		—		914
Balances as of March 31, 2020	—	$	—		132,111,329	$	132	$	1,210,034	$	(29,201)	$	1,180,965
Issuance of shares from vested RSUs	—		—		119,855		—		—		—		—
Net Income	—		—		—		—		—		19,759		19,759
Dividends	—		—		—		—		—		(23,793)		(23,793)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		—		—		967		—		967
Balances as of June 30, 2020	—	$	—		132,231,184	$	132	$	1,211,001	$	(33,235)	$	1,177,898
Issuance of shares from vested RSUs	—		—		5,098		—		—		—		—
Issuance of shares from exercised warrants	—		—		25		—		—		—		—
Net Income	—		—		—		—		—		23,224		23,224
Dividends	—		—		—		—		—		(23,846)		(23,846)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		—		—		1,913		—		1,913
Balances as of September 30, 2020	—	$	—		132,236,307	$	132	$	1,212,914	$	(33,857)	$	1,179,189

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(in thousands, except share data)


	Class A Units			Class P Units			Preferred Units			Additional		Retained Earnings
	Units	Amount		Units	Amount		Units ⁽¹⁾	Amount		Paid-in Capital		(Accumulated Deficit)		Total
Balances as of December 31, 2018 (Predecessor)	20,950	$	1	50	$	—	6,827,701	$	684,979	$	767	$	(637)	$	685,110
Contributions	850		200	—		—	796,028		79,535		—		—		79,735
Reinvestments	—		—	—		—	71,086		7,094		—		—		7,094
Net Income	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		24,989		24,989
Distributions	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(24,134)		(24,134)
Redemptions	—		—	—		—	(133,513)		(13,331)		—		—		(13,331)
Compensation expense related to grant of profits interest	(100)		—	100		—	—		—		734		—		734
Grants of restricted units	150		—	—		—	—		—		134		—		134
Balances as of March 31, 2019 (Predecessor)	21,850	$	201	150	$	—	7,561,302	$	758,277	$	1,635	$	218	$	760,331
Contributions	—		—	—		—	1,441,711		122,414		—		—		122,414
Reinvestments	—		—	—		—	86,222		8,594		—		—		8,594
Net Income	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		31,200		31,200
Distributions	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(29,125)		(29,125)
Redemptions	—		—	—		—	(227,248)		(22,927)		—		—		(22,927)
Grants of restricted units	—		—	—		—	—		—		170		—		170
Balances as of June 30, 2019 (Predecessor)	21,850	$	201	150	$	—	8,861,987	$	866,358	$	1,805	$	2,293	$	870,657
Contributions	—		—	—		—	567,905		154,437		—		—		154,437
Reinvestments	—		—	—		—	43,293		9,340		—		—		9,340
Net Income	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		25,856		25,856
Distributions	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(29,357)		(29,357)
Redemptions	—		—	—		—	(116,613)		(19,510)		—		—		(19,510)
Grants of restricted units	—		—	—		—	—		—		170		—		170
Balances as of September 30, 2019 (Predecessor)	21,850	$	201	150	$	—	9,356,572	$	1,010,625	$	1,975	$	(1,208)	$	1,011,593

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

(1)	The Company determined that earnings per unit in the Predecessor periods would not be meaningful to the users of this filing, given the different unit holders and members’ equity structures of each individual entity in the Predecessor Company Group.

(2)	Predecessor periods are combined as disclosed in Note 1.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)


	Successor		Predecessor
	Nine Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
	2020		2019(1)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	70,262	$	82,045
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Accretion of deferred origination and amendment fees		(7,270)		—
Amortization of intangible assets		(736)		—
Depreciation		54		35
Compensation expense related to grant of profits interest		—		734
Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock units		3,794		—
Grants of restricted units		—		474
Provision for loan losses		3,279		2,777
Write down of investment in real property		—		179
Change in fair value of optional subscription liabilities		(5,094)		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Interest and fees receivable, net		(7,809)		(1,419)
Change in other assets		(2,989)		(867)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		183		581
Net cash provided by operating activities		53,674		84,539
Cash flows from investing activities:
Investments in fixed assets		—		(63)
Proceeds from sale of real property		2,213		6,363
Improvements to investments in real property		(119)		(229)
Change in mortgage notes receivable, net		(33,133)		(220,197)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(31,039)		(214,126)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Contributions from members		—		356,386
Contributions received in advance		—		(24,507)
Dividends paid		(87,247)		—
Distributions		—		(55,619)
Redemptions of members		—		(55,768)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		(87,247)		220,492
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(64,612)		90,905
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		238,214		112,209
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	173,602	$	203,114
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
Dividends payable		7,934		—
Reinvested distributions		—		25,028
Measurement period adjustment to goodwill and intangible assets		5,000		—
Mortgage notes receivable converted to real property owned		—		2,046

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

(1)	Predecessor periods are combined as disclosed in Note 1.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 - Organization and business

Broadmark Realty Capital Inc. (“Broadmark Realty,” “the Company,” “Successor,” “we,” “us” and “our”) is an internally managed commercial real estate finance company that provides secured financing to real estate investors and developers. Broadmark Realty’s objective is to preserve and protect shareholder capital while producing attractive risk-adjusted returns primarily through dividends generated from current income from its loan portfolio. Broadmark Realty operates in select states that it believes to have favorable demographic trends and provide Broadmark Realty the ability to efficiently access the underlying collateral in the event of borrower default.

On November 14, 2019 (the “Closing Date”), Broadmark Realty Capital Inc., a Maryland corporation (formerly named Trinity Sub Inc.) (“Broadmark Realty”), consummated a business combination (the “Business Combination”) pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated August 9, 2019 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among the Company, Trinity Merger Corp. (“Trinity”), Trinity Merger Sub I, Inc. (“Merger Sub I”), Trinity Merger Sub II, LLC (“Merger Sub II” and together with Trinity and Merger Sub I, the “Trinity Parties”), PBRELF I, LLC (“PBRELF”), BRELF II, LLC (“BRELF II”), BRELF III, LLC (“BRELF III”), BRELF IV, LLC (“BRELF IV” and, together with PBRELF, BRELF II and BRELF III, the “Predecessor Companies” and each a “Predecessor Company”), Pyatt Broadmark Management, LLC (“MgCo I”), Broadmark Real Estate Management II, LLC (“MgCo II”), Broadmark Real Estate Management III, LLC (“MgCo III”), and Broadmark Real Estate Management IV, LLC (“MgCo IV” and, together with MgCo I, MgCo II and MgCo III, the “Predecessor Management Companies” and each a “Predecessor Management Company,” and the Predecessor Management Companies, together with the Predecessor Companies and their subsidiaries, the “Predecessor Company Group”). Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, (i) Merger Sub I merged with and into Trinity, with Trinity being the surviving entity of such merger (the “Trinity Merger”), (ii) immediately following the Trinity Merger, each of the Predecessor Companies merged with and into Merger Sub II, with Merger Sub II being the surviving entity of such merger (the “Company Merger”), and (iii) immediately following the Company Merger, each of the Predecessor Management Companies merged with and into Trinity, with Trinity being the surviving entity of such merger (the “Management Company Merger” and, together with the Trinity Merger and the Company Merger, the “Mergers”). As a result of the Mergers, Merger Sub II and Trinity became wholly owned subsidiaries of Broadmark Realty.

The consolidated subsidiaries of Broadmark Realty after the Business Combination include BRMK Lending, LLC, BRMK Management, Corp., and Broadmark Private REIT Management, LLC. BRMK Lending, LLC originates short-term loans secured by first deed of trust liens on residential and commercial real estate. BRMK Management, Corp. (the “Manager”) manages the underwriting, closing, servicing and disposition of mortgage notes, and performs all general and administrative duties for Broadmark Realty. Broadmark Private REIT Management, LLC (the “Private REIT Manager”) manages the newly organized Broadmark Private REIT, LLC (the “Private REIT”), an unconsolidated affiliate of the Company that primarily participates in loans originated, underwritten and serviced by a subsidiary of Broadmark Realty.

Broadmark Realty has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with the tax period ending December 31, 2019. Broadmark Realty generally will not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on that portion of its net income that is distributed to stockholders if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders by prescribed dates and complies with various other requirements. The Company also operates its business in a manner that permits it to maintain an exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940. As a REIT, Broadmark Realty may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”), which may earn income that would not be qualifying income if earned directly by a REIT. The Manager is a TRS and this election applies to the wholly owned subsidiaries of the Manager, including the Private REIT Manager.

Unless the context otherwise requires, references to “Broadmark Realty,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” in the remainder of this report refer to Broadmark Realty and its consolidated subsidiaries after the Business Combination and refer to the Predecessor Company Group for periods prior to the Business Combination.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2 - Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of Presentation

For periods prior to November 15, 2019, the accompanying consolidated financial statements do not represent the financial position and results of operations of one controlling legal entity, but rather a combination of the historical results of the Predecessor Company Group, which was under common management. Therefore, any reference herein to the Predecessor financial statements is made on a combined basis. For periods beginning November 15, 2019, the accompanying consolidated financial statements represent the consolidated financial statements of the Company, beginning with BRELF II as the accounting acquirer and successor entity. In addition, as a result of the Business Combination, the consolidated financial statements for periods beginning November 15, 2019 are presented on a new basis of accounting pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations (refer to Note 3) to reflect BRELF II acquiring the other entities within the Predecessor Company Group and Trinity in the successor period.

The financial information presented in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements has been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and Article 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2019 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 16, 2020 with the SEC (the “Annual Report”). The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019, included herein, was derived from the audited financial statements of Broadmark Realty Capital Inc. as of that date. The results of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020, for other interim periods or future years.

The presentation of the Predecessor period has been conformed to the current period’s presentation for the purposes of these consolidated financial statements. Additionally, certain balance sheet captions as of December 31, 2019 have been reclassified to conform to the current period's presentation.

Principles of Consolidation

For the Predecessor period, all intra-entity accounts, balances and transactions have been eliminated in the preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Beginning November 15, 2019, all significant intercompany accounts, balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Broadmark Realty consolidates those entities in which it has control over significant operating, financial and investing decisions of the entity, as well as those entities deemed to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”), if any, in which Broadmark Realty is determined to be the primary beneficiary. Broadmark Realty is not the primary beneficiary of, and therefore does not consolidate, any VIEs at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Certain Significant Risks and Uncertainties

In the normal course of business, we encounter one primary type of economic risk in the form of credit risk. Credit risk is the risk of default on our investment in mortgage notes receivable resulting from a borrower’s inability or unwillingness to make contractually required payments. We believe that the carrying values of our investments in mortgage notes receivable reasonably consider this credit risk.

In addition, we are subject to significant tax risks. If we were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we would be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax, which could be material.

We operate in a dynamic industry and, accordingly, can be affected by a variety of factors. For example, we believe that changes in any of the following areas could have a significant negative effect on us in terms of our future financial position, results of operations or cash flows: public health crises, like the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic; competition in our market; the stability of the real estate market and the impact of interest rate changes; changes in government regulation affecting our business; natural disasters and catastrophic events; our ability to attract and retain qualified employees and key personnel; and protection of customers’ information and other privacy concerns, among other things.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and disclosures at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates relate to the fair value of financial instruments, such as impaired loans and real property, goodwill, identified intangible assets and optional subscription liabilities. Accordingly, our actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reportable Segments

We operate the business as one reportable segment.

BALANCE SHEET MEASUREMENT

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of 90 days or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. We have a cash management sweep account repurchase agreement whereby our bank sweeps cash in excess of $750,000 nightly, sells us specific U.S. Government Agency securities and then repurchases these securities the next day.

We maintain our cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions. At times, such amounts may exceed federally insured limits. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the uninsured cash and cash equivalents balance was $172.1 million and $236.7 million, respectively. There were no restrictions on cash as of September 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Mortgage Notes Receivable

Mortgage notes receivable (referred to herein as “mortgage notes receivable,” “construction loans,” “loans” or “notes”) are classified as held for investment as we have the intent and ability to hold until maturity or payoff and are carried at amortized cost, net of allowance for loan losses, interest reserves, construction holdbacks and deferred origination fees. Mortgage notes receivable that are in contractual default are deemed to be non-performing and are evaluated for impairment. All of our loans are considered collateral dependent, and therefore, non-performing loans are evaluated for impairment based on the fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell.

Participations in mortgage notes receivables are accounted for as sales and derecognized from the balance sheet when control over the transferred assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when: (1) a group of financial assets or a participating interest in an entire financial asset has been isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity. If the sales do not meet these criteria, the sale of the participation is treated as a secured borrowing. As of September 30, 2020, all participations in mortgage notes receivable sold to the Private REIT have achieved sale accounting. There were no participations as of December 31, 2019.

Deferred Income

Deferred income represents the amount of our origination and amendment or extension fees that have been deferred and will be recognized in income over the contractual maturity of the underlying loan. Origination fees are included in the total commitment to the borrower and financed at the time of loan origination. Deferred origination fees are included within mortgage notes receivable, net on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Extension and amendment fees are not capitalized into the principal outstanding, and as such, these deferred fees are presented within interest and fees receivable, net on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Interest and Fees Receivable

Interest on performing loans is accrued and recognized as interest income at the contractual rate of interest, or at the contractual rate of monthly minimum interest. Extension fees are charged when we agree to extend the maturity dates of loans. Amendment fees are charged when loan terms are modified, such as increases in interest reserves and construction holdbacks in line with our underwriting criteria or upon modification of a loan for the transition from horizontal development to vertical construction. Extension and amendment fees represent an outstanding fee receivable that is generally collected at loan pay off. In addition, late fees are changed when borrower payments are contractually past due. We monitor each note’s outstanding interest and fee receivables and, based on historical performance, generally write off the balance after a receivable is greater than 60 days past due.

Real property

Real property owned by us consists of real estate acquired in settlement of loans. Real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure is recorded at fair value at the time of acquisition, which generally approximates the net carrying value of the loan secured by such property. Costs related to acquisition, development, construction and improvements are capitalized. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred.

As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, real properties owned by us consist of real estate acquired as a result of foreclosure proceedings on one and two partially completed construction projects, respectively.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration paid over the fair value of net assets acquired in connection with the Business Combination in November 2019. Goodwill is not amortized, but rather tested for impairment annually in October or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate potential impairment. In testing goodwill for impairment, we follow ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, which permits a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value including goodwill. If the qualitative assessment determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value including goodwill, then no impairment is determined to exist for the reporting unit. However, if the qualitative assessment determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value including goodwill, the fair value of that reporting units is compared with its carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is considered impaired with the impairment loss equal to the amount by which the carrying value of the goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill.

Intangible Assets

As a result of the Business Combination in November 2019, we identified intangible assets in the form of customer relationships. We recorded the intangible assets at fair value at the acquisition date and are amortizing the value of these finite lived intangibles into expense over the expected useful life.

Fixed Assets

Fixed assets, which are included in other assets in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Repairs and maintenance to these assets are charged to expense as incurred; major improvements enhancing the function and/or useful life are capitalized. When items are sold or retired, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gains or losses arising from such transactions are recognized. Depreciation is recorded on the straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the assets, which ranges from three to seven years.

Other Assets

Other assets primarily consist of prepaid insurance, right-of-use asset and other operating receivables. In connection with the Business Combination, we entered into an arrangement to sublease an operating lease and have recorded a right-of-use asset and a lease liability in the amount of $0.4 million, representing the present value of the remaining payments under the lease discounted based on our incremental borrowing rate as of November 14, 2019. As of September 30, 2020, the remaining right-of-use asset and a lease liability are not significant to the condensed consolidated balance sheet. We will record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability upon commencement of our new ten-year lease in 2021.

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities primarily consist of accruals for payments of professional services fees, lease liabilities, optional subscription liabilities and other operating payables.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

INCOME RECOGNITION

Interest Income

Interest income on mortgage notes receivable is accrued based on contractual rates applied to the principal balance outstanding, unless there is a minimum interest provision in the mortgage note. Many construction loans provide for minimum interest provisions, under which the contractual rate applies to between 50% and 70% of the face amount of the note until the actual outstanding principal exceeds the minimum threshold.

The accrual of interest income is suspended when a loan is designated non-performing and we believe, after considering collection efforts and other factors, the amount ultimately to be collected will be insufficient to cover the additional interest payments. Interest previously accrued may be reversed at that time, and such reversal offset against interest income in the condensed consolidated statement of income. The accrual of interest income resumes only when the suspended loan becomes contractually current and a credit analysis supports the ability to collect in accordance with the terms of the loan.

Fee Income

We collect loan origination fees in conjunction with origination. In addition, we charge extension fees in conjunction with modification of the terms of our existing loans. We defer and amortize loan origination fees, direct loan origination costs and loan extension fees over the contractual terms of the loans. The Predecessor Companies did not defer origination fees, direct loan origination costs, and loan extension fees and, rather, recorded origination fees and costs at the time of origination due to the short-term nature of the loans, and the difference is not considered significant.

We charge inspection fees, which we use to hire independent inspectors to report on the status of construction projects. These fees are earned and recognized upon each construction draw request.

Impairment of Loans

We designate loans as non-performing at such time as (1) the borrower fails to make the required monthly interest-only loan payments; (2) the loan has a maturity default; or (3) in the opinion of management, it is probable we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan. We evaluate loans designated as non-performing for impairment as we have some expectation that the repayment of loan, including both contractual interest and principal payments, may not be realized in full.

The allowance for loan losses reflects our estimate of loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The allowance is increased or decreased by recording the loan loss provision or recovery in our consolidated statements of income and is decreased by charge-offs when losses are confirmed through the receipt of assets, such as in a pre-foreclosure sale or upon ownership control of the underlying collateral in full satisfaction of the loan upon foreclosure or when significant collection efforts have ceased. The allowance for loan losses is determined on an asset-specific basis.

The asset-specific allowance relates to estimated losses on individual impaired loans. This assessment is made on a monthly basis based on factors such as payment status, lien position, borrower financial resources and investment collateral, collateral type, project economics and geographic location as well as national and regional economic factors. An allowance is established for an impaired loan when the estimated fair value of the collateral is lower than the carrying value of that loan.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For impaired loans, impairment is measured using the estimated fair value of collateral less the estimated cost to sell in comparison to the carrying value. Valuations are performed or obtained at the time a loan is determined to be impaired and designated as non-performing, and they are updated if circumstances indicate that a significant change in value has occurred. Given the short term nature of our loans, we evaluate the most recent external “as is” appraisal and depending on the age of the appraisal, may order a new appraisal or, where available, will evaluate against existing comparable sales or other pertinent information to estimate the fair value of the collateral for such loans. As of September 30, 2020, all of our allowance for loan losses represents an asset-specific allowance.

EXPENSE RECOGNITION

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses are expensed as incurred. General and administrative expenses primarily consist of professional services, insurance, excise taxes and amortization of intangible assets. During 2020, no commissions were paid to a related party and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, commissions paid to a related party were $2.2 and $5.3 million, respectively, which are included in general and administrative expenses.

Share‑Based Payments

We follow the accounting guidance for share-based payments which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based awards made to employees and non-employee directors. Awards are issued under the Broadmark Realty Capital Inc. 2019 Stock Incentive Plan.

For awards made to our employees and directors, we initially value restricted stock units based on the grant date closing price of our common stock. For awards with periodic vesting, we recognize the related expense on a straight -line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award, subject to periodic adjustments to ensure that the cumulative amount of expense recognized through the end of any reporting period is at least equal to the portion of the grant date value of the award that has vested through that date. We account for forfeitures prospectively as they occur. If there are any modifications or cancellations of the underlying unvested share-based awards, we may be required to accelerate or increase any remaining unrecognized or previously recorded stock-based compensation expense.

Profit Interests (Predecessor)

The Predecessor Management Companies’ profits interests were accounted for as share-based compensation. The Predecessor Management Companies’ expensed the fair value of profits interests granted to its employees and directors over the period each award vested. Compensation cost was measured using the Black-Scholes model. All unvested profits interests vested at the time of the Business Combination.

Income Taxes (Successor)

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for U.S. federal income tax purposes (the “Code”). As a REIT, we generally are not subject to U.S. federal income taxes on net income we distribute to our shareholders. We intend to make timely distributions sufficient to satisfy the annual distribution requirements. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income at regulator corporate tax rates. Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state and local taxes on our income and property and U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income and our TRSs are subject to U.S. federal income taxes.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Income Taxes (Predecessor)

The Predecessor Companies were taxed as partnerships and REITs under provisions of the Code. As such, the tax attributes of the partnerships are included in the individual tax returns of its members for partnerships and not for the Predecessor Company Group and the REIT entities met the qualifications to be taxed as REITs. Accordingly, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statement of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 includes no provision for income taxes for the Predecessor Company Group.

Earnings per Share

We follow the accounting guidance in ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, which requires the use of the two-class method of computing earnings per share for all periods presented for each class of common stock and participating securities as if all earnings for the period had been distributed. Under the two-class method, net income is first reduced for dividends declared on all classes of securities to arrive at undistributed earnings. During periods of net losses, the net loss is reduced for dividends declared on participating securities only if the security has the right to participate in the earnings of the company and an objectively determinable contractual obligation to share in net losses of the company. The remaining earnings are allocated to common stockholders and participating securities to the extent that each security shares in earnings as if all of the earnings for the period had been distributed. Each total is then divided by the applicable weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period to arrive at basic earnings per share. For the diluted earnings, the denominator includes all outstanding shares of common stock and all potential shares of common stock assumed issued if they are dilutive.

For purposes of the Predecessor period which includes the financial results of the Predecessor Company Group, we determined that earnings per unit would not be meaningful to the users of this filing, given the different unitholders and members’ equity structures of each individual entity in the Predecessor Company Group.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

As an emerging growth company, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) permits us an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards affecting public companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period and adopt certain new accounting standards on the private company timeline, which means that our financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of public companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards on a non-delayed basis. We will cease to qualify as an emerging growth company effective December 31, 2020 unless the eligibility standards are modified. Loss of emerging growth company status will result in our losing our reporting exemptions noted above.

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), and in 2019 issued ASU 2019-04, which provides codification improvements, and ASU 2019-05, which provides targeted transition relief for entities adopting ASU 2016-13.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The financial instruments-credit losses guidance replaces the incurred loss model with an expected loss model, which is referred to as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model. The CECL model is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables and held-to maturity debt securities. It also applies to off-balance sheet credit exposures not accounted for as insurance, such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit, financial guarantees, and other similar instruments, and net investments in certain leases recognized by a lessor. In addition, the new guidance requires that credit losses be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down on available-for-sale debt securities. We have formed a CECL committee that is assessing data and system needs in order to evaluate the impact of adopting the new guidance. We expect to recognize a one-time cumulative effect adjustment to the allowance for loan losses as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which we adopt the standard. At this time, the impact on our consolidated financial statements is being evaluated. We are required to adopt the standard in the fourth quarter of 2020 for the annual period as of and ending December 31, 2020 with an adoption date as of January 1, 2020.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which simplifies how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Under the amendments in ASU 2017-04, an entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The updated guidance requires prospective adoption. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 and there was no material impact on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which (1) adds incremental requirements for entities to disclose (a) the amount of total gains or losses for the period recognized in other comprehensive income that is attributable to fair value changes in assets and liabilities held as of the balance sheet date and categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy (b) the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs and (c) how the weighted average was calculated for fair value measurements categorized within Level of the fair value hierarchy and (2) eliminates disclosure requirements for (a) transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 and (b) valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 and there was no material impact on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Note 3 – Business Combination

As discussed in Note 1, the Company entered into the Merger Agreement with Trinity, the Trinity Parties, the Predecessor Companies and the Predecessor Management Companies. The Business Combination was accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The Company determined that BRELF II was the accounting acquirer. The Business Combination culminated in two steps: the merger of the Trinity Parties with and into BRELF II as a recapitalization and simultaneous capital issuance, and the acquisition of 100% of the remaining entities within the Predecessor Company Group by BRELF II. In accordance with ASC 805, the merger of the Trinity Parties into BRELF II was accounted for as a recapitalization and is reflected as the issuance of shares for cash. The acquisition of the remaining entities within the Predecessor Company Group by BRELF II was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with ASC 805 using the acquisition method of accounting. Cash proceeds from the recapitalization with Trinity Merger Sub I, Inc. were $327.1 million, partially offset by the consent fee paid to holders of the Company’s warrants to purchase one-fourth (1/4^th) of one share of our common stock at an exercise price of $2.875 per warrant (the “Public Warrants”) in the aggregate amount of $66.7 million, for net proceeds of $260.4 million. The cash proceeds from the recapitalization with Trinity Merger Sub I, Inc. were used, in part, to pay cash consideration for the acquisition of the Predecessor Company Group and transaction costs (as further described below), leaving approximately $146.9 million remaining.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Separately, the cash and equity consideration transferred per the Merger Agreement was allocated between the legal amounts issued for the recapitalization of BRELF II and the cash and equity issued for the acquisition of the Predecessor Company Group. Given that the Merger Agreement was negotiated at arm’s length and based on the fair value of the entities, the legal consideration best depicted the relative fair value of separating the acquisitions from the recapitalization. The amount of common stock issued in the transaction that was attributable to the recapitalization of BRELF II was $495.5 million, along with $12.7 million of transaction costs, which costs were recorded as operating expenses and were settled in cash of $11.3 million and common stock of $1.4 million.

Total consideration allocated to the Business Combination under ASC 805 was $581.8 million, which was measured at its acquisition date fair value, consisting of $102.2 million in cash and $479.6 million of the Company common stock. Such amounts are inclusive of seller-transaction costs of $13.5 million, settled by the acquirer at closing in cash of $11.9 million and common stock of $1.6 million.

The purchase price allocation of assets acquired, and liabilities assumed have been recorded at their fair values as of the closing of November 14, 2019, the date of acquisition. The difference between the fair value of net assets acquired, including the value of intangible assets acquired, and the consideration was recorded as goodwill.

The fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed by BRELF II on November 14, 2019 are as follows:


Consideration paid:	$ (in thousands)
Cash	$	102,245
Common stock		479,619
Total consideration paid	$	581,864

Assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents		88,505
Investment in real property		8,413
Mortgage notes receivable		344,837
Interest and fees receivable		2,743
Intangible assets		1,000
Other assets		174
Total Assets		445,672

Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable and accrued liability		205
Other liabilities		568
Total Liabilities		773
Net assets acquired		444,899

Goodwill	$	136,965

In the first quarter of 2020, based on additional information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of November 14, 2019, we recorded a measurement period adjustment to reduce the fair value of intangible assets in the form of customer relationships from $6.0 to $1.0 million. This adjustment increased the preliminary amount of goodwill previously recorded by $5.0 million.

The purchase price for the acquisition was determined based on our expectations of future earnings and cash flows, resulting in the recognition of goodwill. Goodwill predominantly relates to the value of the assembled workforce and intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition at the time of the acquisition. Purchased goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes over 15 years.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The fair value of the customer relationships was determined using the replacement cost approach. The cost provides a systematic framework for estimating the value of the intangible asset based on the economic principle of substitution. Under this approach, value is estimated by developing the cost to either replace or reproduce (replicate) the asset as if new. The preliminary useful lives for customer relationships were determined based upon the remaining useful economic lives of the assets that are expected to contribute to future cash flows and approximates between two to five years. Amortization expense is recorded on a straight-line method, refer to Note 6 for further information on the estimated useful lives and amortization related to the acquired intangible assets.

As described above, the Company incurred a total of $26.2 million of transaction-related costs for both the Business Combination and the recapitalization of BRELF II, of which $25.8 million was incurred and expensed in the Predecessor period and $0.4 million was incurred and expensed in the Successor period. Transaction-related expenses are comprised primarily of transaction fees, including legal, finance, consulting, professional fees and other third-party costs. These amounts were recorded as operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income in the periods incurred. At the closing of the transaction in the Successor period, the acquirer directly paid (or repaid to the sellers) the amounts owed for such expenses, settling them in a combination of cash and equity. From the perspective of the Successor entity, the settlement of these amounts by the acquirer at closing were allocated between purchase price for the business combination and recapitalization of BRELF II, using a methodology consistent with the allocation of the overall consideration transferred.

Included within the transaction-related expenses referred to above, is a termination fee of $10.0 million related to the termination of certain referral agreements the Predecessor Management Companies had in place with a related entity, which settled in $7.0 million of cash and $3.0 million of the Company common stock at closing.

Supplemental pro forma financial information

When giving effect to the Business Combination as if it closed on January 1, 2019, there are no material differences between historical revenue and earnings of the Company and results on a pro forma basis, except for the timing of transaction costs and amortization expense related to intangible assets, which would have been incurred as of an earlier date. Refer to Note 6 for the future impact of estimated amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets based on the preliminary fair values and preliminary estimated useful lives.

Note 4 - Mortgage notes receivable

The stated principal amount of loans receivable in our portfolio represents our interest in loans secured by first deeds of trust, security agreements or legal title to real estate located in the United States. Our lending standards require that all mortgage notes receivable be secured by a first deed of trust lien on real estate and that the maximum loan to value ratio (“LTV”) be no greater than 65%. The LTV is calculated on an “as-complete” appraised value of the underlying collateral as determined by an independent appraiser at the time of the loan origination. The lending standards also limit the initial outstanding principal balance of the loan to a maximum LTV of up to 65% of the “as-is” appraised value of the underlying collateral as determined by an independent appraiser at the time of the loan origination. Unless otherwise indicated, LTV is measured by the total commitment amount of the loan divided by the “as-completed” appraisal. LTVs do not reflect interim loan activity such as construction draws or interest payments capitalized to loans, or partial repayments of the loan. The maximum amount of a single loan may not exceed 10% of our total assets and the maximum amount to a single borrower may not exceed 15% of our total assets. We consider the maximum LTV as an indicator for the credit quality of a mortgage note receivable.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Mortgage notes receivable are recorded at cost, which represents the carrying value, and interest rates generally range from a fixed annual rate of 10% to 13%. Mortgage notes receivable are considered to be short-term financings, with initial terms typically ranging from five to 18 months in duration based on the size of the project and expected timeline for completion of construction, which we often elect to extend for several months based on our evaluation of the project. All loans require monthly interest only payments. Most loans are structured with an interest reserve holdback that covers the interest payments for most of the initial term of the loan. Once the interest reserve is depleted, borrowers are expected to make their monthly interest payment within 10 days of month end.

Mortgage notes receivable are presented net of construction holdbacks, interest reserves, allowance for loans losses and deferred origination fee income in the consolidated balance sheets. The construction holdback represents amounts withheld from the funding of construction loans until we deem construction to be sufficiently completed. The interest reserve represents amounts withheld from the funding of certain mortgage notes receivable for the purpose of satisfying monthly interest payments over all or part of the term of the related note. Accrued interest is paid out of the interest reserve and recognized as interest income at the end of each month. The deferred origination fee income represents amounts that will be recognized over the contractual life of the underlying mortgage notes receivable.

The following table summarizes information pertaining to mortgage notes receivable as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:



(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Total loan commitments	$	1,220,354	$	1,101,275
Less:
Construction holdbacks ⁽¹⁾		305,410		253,708
Interest reserves ⁽¹⁾		24,988		18,601
Private REIT participation ⁽²⁾		15,597		—
Total principal outstanding for our mortgage notes receivable		874,359		828,966
Less:
Allowance for loan losses		6,143		4,096
Deferred origination fees		9,503		3,281
Mortgage notes receivable, net	$	858,713	$	821,589

(1)	Includes construction holdbacks of $19.8 million and interest reserves of $2.0 million on participating interests sold to the Private REIT as of September 30, 2020.

(2)

The Private REIT was determined to be a voting interest entity for which we, through our wholly owned subsidiary acting as manager with no equity investment, do not hold a controlling interest in and do not consolidate. Furthermore, the Private REIT participation in loans originated by us meets the characteristics of a participating interest in accordance with ASC 860 and therefore, is treated as a sale of mortgage notes receivable and is derecognized from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Non-accrual status

Mortgage notes receivable that are in contractual default are deemed to be non-performing and are evaluated for impairment. Loans can be placed in contractual default status for any of the following reasons: (1) an interest payment is more than 30 days past due; (2) a note matures and the borrower fails to make payment of all amounts owed or extend the loan; or (3) the collateral becomes impaired in such a way that the ultimate collection of the note is doubtful. A loan can be removed from contractual default status if the late interest payments are brought current, the borrower complies with appropriate re-underwriting to extend the note, or additional collateral is provided for the note to provide cash flow or bring the LTV below 65%. No interest income is recognized on mortgage notes receivable that are in contractual default, unless the interest is paid in cash or collectability of all amounts due is reasonably assured. In addition, in certain instances, where the interest reserve on a current loan has been fully depleted and the interest payment is not expected to be collected from the borrower, we may place a current loan on non-accrual status and recognize interest income on a cash-basis. As of September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, the principal outstanding on loans placed on non-accrual status were $173.5 and $32.9 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the average recorded investments in loans placed on non-accrual status were $175.3 and $133.9 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the average recorded investments in loans placed on non-accrual status were $9.7 and $15.5 million, respectively.

Impaired mortgage notes receivable

We evaluate each loan for impairment at least quarterly. Loans in contractual default are designated as non-performing and are considered impaired as we have some expectation that the repayment of the loan, including both contractual interest and principal payments, may not be realized in full. Placing a loan in contractual default does not in and of itself result in an impairment if we deem it probable that we will ultimately collect all amounts due. If a loan is determined to have impairment, we record an allowance through the provision for loan losses to reduce the carrying value of the loan to the fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell, as all of our loans are classified as collateral dependent as repayment is expected solely from the collateral.

As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the principal outstanding on impaired loans was $217.7 and $32.9 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the principal outstanding on loans with impairment was $63.0 and $20.8 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the average recorded investments in loans with impairment was $227.3 and $159.9 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the average recorded investments in loans with impairment was $14.5 and $11.9 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. All of the allowance for loan losses relates to loans deemed to be impaired.


	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Beginning	$	6,795	$	1,777	$	4,096	$	1,704
Provision for loan losses (benefits)		(652)		2,704		3,279		2,777
Charge offs		—		(453)		(1,232)		(453)
Ending	$	6,143	$	4,028	$	6,143	$	4,028

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Broadmark Realty Capital Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 – Fair value measurements

The following tables present estimated fair values of our financial instruments as of the period indicated, whether or not recognized or recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at the period indicated:


	September 30, 2020				Fair Value Measurements Using
		Carrying		Estimated
(dollars in thousands)		Value		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	173,602	$	173,602	$	173,602	$	—	$	—
Mortgage notes receivable, net		858,713		858,713		—		—		858,713
Interest and fees receivable		11,917		11,917		—		11,917		—
Investment in real property, net		3,743		3,743		—		—		3,743
Financial Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities ⁽¹⁾	$	3,504	$	3,504	$	—	$	3,106	$	398