UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

⌧	Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

◻	Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File Number: 001-38905

NextCure, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	04-5231247
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

9000 Virginia Manor Road, Suite 200 Beltsville, Maryland	20705
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(240) 399-4900

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share	NXTC	Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ◻	Accelerated filer ◻
Non-accelerated filer ⌧	Smaller reporting company ⌧
	Emerging growth company ⌧

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ◻ No ⌧

As of November 4, 2020, the registrant had 27,553,089 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, issued and outstanding.

Table of Contents

NextCure, Inc.

Form 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended September 30, 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		1
Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
	Condensed Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2020 (unaudited) and December 31, 2019	1
	Unaudited Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	2
	Unaudited Condensed Statements of Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	3
	Unaudited Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	4
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	13
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	22
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	22
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION		23
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	23
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	23
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	25
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	25
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	25
Item 5.	Other Information	25
Item 6.	Exhibits	26
SIGNATURES		27

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

NEXTCURE, INC.

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2020		2019
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	22,534	$	34,091
Marketable securities		268,672		300,514
Restricted cash		1,706		1,706
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		4,069		3,684
Total current assets		296,981		339,995
Property and equipment, net		15,819		12,090
Other assets		3,278		4,083
Total assets	$	316,078	$	356,168
Liabilities, Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	186	$	1,861
Accrued liabilities		3,754		4,871
Deferred rent, current portion		134		215
Term loan, current portion		1,667		1,667
Deferred revenue, current portion		—		6,428
Total current liabilities		5,741		15,042
Deferred rent, net of current portion		776		359
Term loan, net of current portion		2,222		3,333
Deferred revenue, net of current portion		—		15,950
Total liabilities		8,739		34,684
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, par value of $0.001 per share; 10,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. No shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019		—		—
Common stock, par value of $0.001 per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, 27,553,089 and 27,499,260 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively		28		27
Additional paid-in capital		408,189		402,529
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		1,298		(38)
Accumulated deficit		(102,176)		(81,034)
Total stockholders’ equity		307,339		321,484
Total liabilities, preferred stock and stockholders’ equity	$	316,078	$	356,168

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended					Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019			2020		2019
Revenue:
Revenue from research and development arrangement	$	—	$	1,583		$	22,378	$	4,342

Operating expenses:
Research and development		12,740		8,663			34,448		22,819
General and administrative		4,659		2,622			12,918		6,995
Total operating expenses		17,399		11,285			47,366		29,814
Loss from operations		(17,399)		(9,702)			(24,988)		(25,472)
Other income, net		1,032		1,268			3,846		2,662
Net loss	$	(16,367)	$	(8,434)		$	(21,142)	$	(22,810)
Loss per share:
Net loss per common share—basic and diluted	$	(0.59)	$	(0.37)		$	(0.77)	$	(1.81)
Weighted average number of common shares —basic and diluted		27,547,737		22,715,567			27,524,350		12,609,219
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$	(16,367)	$	(8,434)		$	(21,142)	$	(22,810)
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities		(637)		(58)			1,298		(58)
Total comprehensive loss	$	(17,004)	$	(8,492)		$	(19,844)	$	(22,868)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

(unaudited, in thousands, except share data)


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

	Preferred Stock						Stockholders’ Equity
										Additional
	Series A			Series B			Common Stock			Paid-in		Accumulated Other		Accumulated		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital		Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Deficit		Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2019	—	$	—	—	$	—	27,499,260	$	27	$	402,529	$	(38)	$	(81,034)	$	321,484
Stock-based compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—		1,008		—		—		1,008
Issuance of common stock	—		—	—		—	17,142		1		36		—		—		37
Unrealized loss on marketable securities, net of tax $0	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(505)		—		(505)
Net income	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		9,733		9,733
Balance as of March 31, 2020	—		—	—		—	27,516,402		28		403,573		(543)		(71,301)		331,757
Stock-based compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—		2,187		—		—		2,187
Issuance of common stock	—		—	—		—	4,248		—		3		—		—		3
Unrealized gain on marketable securities, net of tax $0	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		2,478		—		2,478
Net loss	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		(14,508)		(14,508)
Balance as of June 30, 2020	—		—	—		—	27,520,650		28		405,763		1,935		(85,809)		321,917
Stock-based compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—		2,372		—		—		2,372
Issuance of common stock	—		—	—		—	32,439		—		54		—		—		54
Unrealized loss on marketable securities, net of tax $0	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(637)		—		(637)
Net loss	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		(16,367)		(16,367)
Balance as of September 30, 2020	—	$	—	—	$	—	27,553,089	$	28	$	408,189	$	1,298	$	(102,176)	$	307,339


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

	Preferred Stock						Stockholders’ Deficit
										Additional
	Series A			Series B			Common Stock			Paid-in		Accumulated Other		Accumulated		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital		Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Deficit		Equity (Deficit)
Balance as of December 31, 2018	68,181,819	$	71,000	56,828,851	$	91,223	1,374,812	$	1	$	352	$	—	$	(47,297)	$	(46,944)
Stock-based compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—		383		—		—		383
Issuance of common stock	—		—	—		—	4,697		—		4		—		—		4
Net loss	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		(6,155)		(6,155)
Balance as of March 31, 2019	68,181,819		71,000	56,828,851		91,223	1,379,509		1		739		—		(53,452)		(52,712)
Initial public offering, net of issuance costs of $9.4M	—		—	—		—	5,750,000		6		76,844		—		—		76,850
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock	(68,181,819)		(71,000)	(56,828,851)		(91,223)	15,560,569		15		162,208		—		—		162,223
Stock-based compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—		412		—		—		412
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of vested options, $0.001 par value	—		—	—		—	24,687		1		42		—		—		43
Net loss	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		(8,221)		(8,221)
Balance as of June 30, 2019	—		—	—		—	22,714,765		23		240,245		—		(61,673)		178,595
Stock-based compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—		524		—		—		524
Issuance of common stock	—		—	—		—	24,580		—		22		—		—		22
Unrealized loss on marketable securities, net of tax $0	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(58)		—		(58)
Net loss	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		(8,434)		(8,434)
Balance as of September 30, 2019	—	$	—	—	$	—	22,739,345	$	23	$	240,791	$	(58)	$	(70,107)	$	170,649

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited, in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(21,142)	$	(22,810)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		2,423		1,933
Stock-based compensation		5,567		1,319
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(690)		(3,660)
Accounts payable		(1,675)		93
Accrued liabilities		(1,117)		335
Deferred rent		336		—
Deferred revenue		(22,378)		(2,842)
Net cash used in operating activities		(38,676)		(25,632)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Maturities of marketable securities		129,169		—
Purchases of marketable securities		(95,992)		(174,205)
Purchase of property and equipment		(6,152)		(2,557)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		27,025		(176,762)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from initial public offerings, net of issuance costs		—		77,264
Proceeds from issuances of common stock		94		65
Proceeds from the term loan		—		4,540
Payments of the term loan		(1,111)		—
Deferred financing costs		—		(134)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(1,017)		81,735
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(12,668)		(120,659)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — beginning of period		39,130		135,633
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — end of period	$	26,462	$	14,974

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	130	$	137
Cash paid for income taxes	$	—	$	—

Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment included in accrued liabilities	$	134	$	73
Deferred financing costs included in accrued liabilities	$	—	$	134
Conversion of convertible preferred stock into common stock	$	—	$	162,223

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

1. Nature of the Business

Organization

NextCure, Inc. (“NextCure” or the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware in September 2015 and is headquartered in Beltsville, Maryland. The Company is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company committed to discovering and developing novel, first-in-class immunomedicines to treat cancer and other immune-related diseases by restoring normal immune function. Through its proprietary Functional, Integrated, NextCure Discovery in Immuno-Oncology (“FIND-IO”) platform, the Company studies various immune cells in order to discover and understand targets and structural components of immune cells and their functional impact in order to develop immunomedicines. Since inception, the Company has devoted substantially all of its efforts and financial resources to organizing and staffing the Company, identifying business development opportunities, raising capital, securing intellectual property rights related to the Company’s product candidates, building and optimizing the Company’s manufacturing capabilities and conducting discovery, research and development activities for the Company’s product candidates, discovery programs and its FIND-IO platform.

Initial Public Offering

On May 13, 2019, the Company closed its initial public offering (“IPO”), in which the Company issued and sold 5,750,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $15.00 per share, for net proceeds to the Company of approximately $77.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $6.0 million and offering expenses of approximately $3.4 million.

In preparation for the IPO, on May 3, 2019, the Company effected a one-for-8.0338 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding common stock. The par value and authorized shares of common stock were not adjusted as a result of the reverse stock split. All share and per share information presented in the accompanying financial statements has been adjusted to reflect the reverse common stock split on a retroactive basis for all applicable periods and as of all applicable dates presented.

Upon the closing of the IPO, on May 13, 2019, all outstanding shares of the Company’s convertible preferred stock automatically converted into 15,560,569 shares of common stock at the applicable conversion ratio then in effect. Subsequent to the closing of the IPO, there were no shares of preferred stock outstanding.

Upon the closing of the IPO, on May 13, 2019, the Company’s certificate of incorporation was amended and restated to provide for 100,000,000 authorized shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share and 10,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.001 per share.

Liquidity

The Company has not generated any revenue to date from product sales and does not expect to generate any revenues from product sales in the foreseeable future. Through September 30, 2020, the Company has funded its operations primarily with proceeds from public offerings of its common stock, private placements of its preferred stock and upfront fees received under the Company’s former agreement with Eli Lilly and Company (Note 6). The Company expects to incur additional operating losses and negative operating cash flows for the foreseeable future.

Risks and Uncertainties

COVID-19

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), outbreak a pandemic. In order to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, governments have imposed unprecedented

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NEXTCURE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

restrictions on business operations, travel and gatherings, resulting in a global economic downturn and other adverse economic and societal impacts. The COVID-19 pandemic has also overwhelmed or otherwise led to changes in the operations of many healthcare facilities, including clinical trial sites.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business and financial performance is uncertain and depends on various factors, including the scope and duration of the pandemic, government restrictions and other actions, including relief measures, implemented to address the impact of the pandemic, and resulting impacts on the financial markets and overall economy. The imposition of “lockdown,” “social distancing” and “shelter in place” directives and other restrictions on business operations, travel and gatherings by state and federal governments in the United States as well as governments in other regions of the world in response to the COVID-19 pandemic initially placed significant strain on the Company’s clinical trial sites, have raised concerns around monitoring patient safety, and caused enrollment to slow in the Phase 2 portion of the ongoing Phase 1/2 monotherapy clinical trial of the Company’s lead product candidate, NC318. Any rise of COVID-19 infection rates, especially in the United States, could continue to negatively affect enrollment going forward. The Company is unable to determine the extent of the impact of the pandemic on its operations and financial condition going forward. These developments are highly uncertain and unpredictable, and may materially adversely affect the Company’s financial position and results of operations. The Company continues to closely monitor the COVID-19 situation and any potential impact to the Company’s planned activities.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed financial statements include the accounts of NextCure and have been prepared by the Company in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial statements. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Accordingly, these condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and the notes thereto the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 (the “Annual Report”).

Unaudited Financial Information

In the opinion of management, the information furnished reflects certain adjustments, all of which are of a normal and recurring nature and are necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of the reported balance sheet date and of the Company’s results for the reported interim periods. The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued to provide additional evidence relative to certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or any other interim period.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Although actual results could differ from those estimates, management does not believe that such differences would be material.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The Company qualifies as an emerging growth company (“EGC”) as defined under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”). Using exemptions provided under the JOBS Act provided to EGCs, the Company has elected to defer compliance with new or revised financial accounting standards until it is required to comply with such standards.

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02 (Topic 842), Leases (“ASC 842”). ASC 842 supersedes the lease recognition requirements in ASC 840, Leases. ASC 842 clarifies the definition of a lease and requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all leases, including those classified as operating leases under previous lease accounting guidance. For public entities, ASU 2016-02 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that year. As a result of the Company having elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act, ASC 842 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2022. Originally, entities were required to adopt ASC 842 using a modified retrospective transition method. However, in July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11 (Topic 842), Leases: Targeted Improvements, which provides entities with an additional transition method. Under ASU 2018-11, entities have the option of initially applying ASC 842 at the adoption date, rather than at the beginning of the earliest period presented, and recognizing the cumulative effect of applying the new standard as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings in the year of adoption while continuing to present all prior periods under previous lease accounting guidance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on the Company’s financial statements. The Company currently expects that its operating lease commitments will be subject to the new standard and recognized as right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities upon adoption of this standard, which will increase the total assets and total liabilities that it reports relative to such amounts presented prior to adoption.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 will require credit losses to be reported using an expected losses model rather than the incurred losses model that is currently used and will require additional disclosures related to credit risks. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, this standard will require allowances to be recorded instead of reducing the amortized cost of the investment. ASU 2016-13 is effective for non-EGCs for fiscal years beginning December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years, and will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and interim periods within those fiscal years, assuming the Company remains an EGC. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effects the adoption of ASU 2016-13 may have on its financial statements.

The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs issued by the FASB. All other ASUs issued subsequent to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report were assessed and determined to be either inapplicable or not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

3. Restricted Cash

The Company is required, as a condition of its $5.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”), to maintain cash collateral on deposit in a segregated money market bank account equal to the principal portion of the Term Loan, as determined on a quarterly basis. The bank may restrict withdrawals or transfers by or on behalf of the Company that would violate this requirement. The required Term Loan reserve totaled $3.9 million as of September 30, 2020. This amount is presented in part as restricted cash and in part as other assets on the accompanying balance sheet.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The following table reconciles cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash per the balance sheet to the statement of cash flows:


	September 30,		December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Cash and cash equivalents	$	22,534	$	34,091
Restricted cash (including $2,222 and $3,333 in other assets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively)		3,928		5,039
Total	$	26,462	$	39,130

4. Marketable Securities

Marketable securities consist of the following:


	September 30, 2020
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
(in thousands)	Cost		Gain		Loss		Fair Value
Agency bonds (government sponsored enterprises)	$	7,342	$	23	$	—	$	7,365
Corporate bonds		253,052		1,330		(55)		254,327
Commercial paper		6,980		—		—		6,980
Total	$	267,374	$	1,353	$	(55)	$	268,672


	December 31, 2019
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
(in thousands)	Cost		Gain		Loss		Fair Value
U.S. treasury securities	$	4,991	$	—	$	—	$	4,991
Agency bonds (government sponsored enterprises)		24,437		15		(1)		24,451
Corporate bonds		271,124		103		(155)		271,072
Total	$	300,552	$	118	$	(156)	$	300,514

As of September 30, 2020, no marketable securities are considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company uses the specific identification method when calculating realized gains and losses. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, the Company recorded approximately $3,000 and $70,000 in realized gains on available-for-sale securities, which is included in other income, net on the condensed statements of operations.

5. Fair Value Measurements

The Company has certain financial assets recorded at fair value, which have been classified as Level 1, 2 or 3 within the fair value hierarchy as described in the accounting standards for fair value measurements.

Level 1—Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted market prices, interest rates and yield curves.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs developed using estimates of assumptions developed by the Company, which reflect those that a market participant would use.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

To the extent the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair values requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized as Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following tables set forth the fair value of the Company’s financial assets by level within the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:


	September 30, 2020
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other
			Active Markets or		Observable		Significant
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Unobservable
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	8,277	$	8,277	$	—	$	—
Marketable securities:
Agency bonds		7,365		—		7,365		—
Corporate bonds		254,327		—		254,327		—
Commercial paper		6,980		—		6,980
Total	$	276,949	$	8,277	$	268,672	$	—


	December 31, 2019
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other
			Active Markets or		Observable		Significant
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Unobservable
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	19,341	$	19,341	$	—	$	—
Marketable securities:
U.S. treasury securities		4,991		—		4,991		—
Agency bonds		24,451		—		24,451		—
Corporate bonds		271,072		—		271,072		—
Total	$	319,855	$	19,341	$	300,514	$	—

The Company did not transfer any assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis between levels during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

6. Agreement with Eli Lilly and Company

On November 2, 2018, the Company entered into a multi-year research and development collaboration agreement (the “Lilly Agreement”) with Eli Lilly and Company (“Lilly”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to use its proprietary FIND-IO platform to identify novel oncology targets for additional collaborative research and drug discovery by the Company and Lilly. Effective March 3, 2020, Lilly, terminated the Lilly Agreement without cause.

The Company recognized revenue under the Lilly Agreement of $0 million and $22.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $1.6 million and $4.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Effective with the termination of the agreement, no further quarterly research and development support payments are payable to the Company.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

7. Stock-Based Compensation

Employee Equity Plans

The NextCure, Inc. 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) was adopted in December 2015 and provides for the grant of awards of stock options, restricted stock awards, unrestricted stock awards and restricted stock units to employees, consultants and directors of the Company.

The NextCure, Inc. 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) became effective on May 8, 2019, the date on which the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed in connection with the IPO was declared effective (the “Effective Date”). The Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) determined not to make additional awards under the 2015 Plan following the effectiveness of the 2019 Plan. The 2019 Plan provides for the grant of awards of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, deferred stock units, unrestricted stock, dividend equivalent rights, other equity-based awards and cash bonus awards to the Company’s officers, employees, non-employee directors and other key persons (including consultants).

The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2019 Plan is 2,900,000 plus the number of shares of stock related to awards outstanding under the 2015 Plan that subsequently terminate by expiration or forfeiture, cancellation or otherwise without the issuance of such shares. The number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2019 Plan automatically increase each January 1st during the term of the 2019 Plan by 4% of the number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding on December 31st of the preceding calendar year or such lesser number of shares determined by the Board.

As of September 30, 2020, 2,728,278 shares were reserved for future grant under the 2019 Plan.

Stock options granted under the 2015 Plan and 2019 Plan (together, the “Plans”) to employees generally vest over four years and expire after ten years.

A summary of stock option activity for awards under the Plans is presented below:


	Options Outstanding and Exercisable
				Weighted
		Weighted		Average	Aggregate
		Average		Remaining	Intrinsic
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual	Value⁽¹⁾
	Shares	Price		Life (Years)	(in thousands)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019	2,170,212	$	6.51	8.6	$	113,295
Granted	1,105,045	$	37.34	9.9		—
Exercised	(53,829)	$	2.05	7.8		—
Cancelled	(259)	$	7.63	8.7		—
Forfeited	(71,528)	$	23.35	9.3		—
Outstanding as of September 30, 2020	3,149,641	$	17.02	9.1	$	6,963
Vested and expected to vest as of September 30, 2020	3,149,641	$	17.02	—	$	6,963
Exercisable as of September 30, 2020	1,107,818	$	5.01	—	$	4,755

(1)	The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying options and the estimated fair value of the common stock for the options that were in the money at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

compensation expense related to unvested options under the Plans that will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately three years.

The aggregate grant date fair value of stock options and restricted stock vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was approximately $33.8 million and $7.6 million, respectively.

Stock-based compensation expense was classified on the statements of operations as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Research and development	$	897	$	182	$	2,245	$	482
General and administrative		1,475		342		3,322		837
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	2,372	$	524	$	5,567	$	1,319

The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the assumptions in the following table for options issued during the period indicated:


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
Expected term	5.4 - 6.08	years	6.08	years
Expected volatility	69.7 - 81.1	%	69.7	%
Risk free interest rate	0.3 - 1.0	%	1.96	%
Expected dividend yield	—	%	—	%

8. Income Taxes

The Company did not record a provision or benefit for income taxes during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets.

The Company has evaluated the positive and negative evidence involving its ability to realize its deferred tax assets. Management has considered the Company’s history of cumulative net losses incurred since inception and its lack of any commercially ready products. It has concluded that it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the benefits of the deferred tax assets. Management reevaluates the positive and negative evidence at each reporting period.

Under the provisions of Sections 382 and 383 of the IRC, certain substantial changes in the Company’s ownership may have limited, or may limit in the future, the amount of net operating loss and research and development credit carryforwards that can be used to reduce future income taxes.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was signed into law. The CARES Act includes various income and payroll tax provisions. The Company has analyzed the tax provisions of the CARES Act and determined they have no significant financial impact to the Company’s condensed financial statements.

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NEXTCURE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

9. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

On September 21, 2020, a putative stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York styled Ye Zhou v. NextCure, Inc., et. al., Case 1:20-cv-0772 (S.D.N.Y.). The complaint asserts claims against the Company, certain of its officers and members of its board of directors, and the underwriters in the Company’s November 2019 underwritten public offering. The complaint alleges that the defendants violated provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to statements made regarding the Company’s lead product candidate, NC318. The complaint seeks unspecified damages on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of the Company’s securities between November 5, 2019 and July 14, 2020. The Company intends to vigorously defend the action. Due to the early stages of this matter and unspecified damages sought, at this time, the Company is unable to estimate the potential loss or range of losses.

10. Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the issuance date of these interim condensed financial statements.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed financial statements and the notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report and the audited financial information and related notes, as well as Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and other disclosures, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, or our Annual Report. Some of the statements contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including with respect to our plans, objectives and expectations for our business, operations and financial performance and condition. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical facts may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “due,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “plan,” “predict,” “potential,” “positioned,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and other similar expressions that are predictions of or indicate future events and future trends, or the negative of these terms or similar language. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:

●

our expectations regarding the timing, progress and results of preclinical studies and clinical trials for NC318, NC410 and any other product candidates we develop, including statements regarding the timing of initiation and completion of studies or trials and related preparatory work, the period during which the results of the trials will become available and our research and development programs;

●

the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the initiation, progress or expected timing of our clinical trials and the timing of related data, our efforts to adjust trial-related activities to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and other future impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy, our industry and our financial condition and results of operations;

●

the timing or likelihood of regulatory filings for NC318, NC410 and any other product candidates we develop and our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals for such product candidates for any indication;

●

the identification, analysis and use of biomarkers and biomarker data;

●

development of companion or complementary diagnostic for NC318, NC410 or any other product candidates we develop;

●

our manufacturing capabilities and strategy, including the scalability of our manufacturing methods and processes;

●

our expectations regarding the potential benefits, activity, effectiveness and safety of NC318, NC410 and any other product candidates we develop;

●

our intentions and ability to successfully commercialize our product candidates;

●

our expectations regarding the nature of the biological pathways we are targeting;

●

our expectations for our FIND-IO platform, including our ability to discover and advance product candidates using our FIND-IO platform;

●

the potential benefits of and our ability to maintain our relationships and collaborations with Yale University and Dr. Lieping Chen;

●

our estimates regarding our expenses, future revenues, capital requirements, our needs for or ability to obtain additional financing and the period over which we expect our current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities to be sufficient to fund our operations;

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●

our intended reliance on and the performance of third parties, including collaborators, contract research organizations and third-party manufacturers;

●

our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property protection and the scope and duration of such protection;

●

developments and projections relating to our competitors and our industry, including competing therapies; and

●

the impact of current and future laws and regulations.

These statements are based on management’s current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about our business and industry, are not guarantees of future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are in some cases beyond our control, such as the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, and that may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements. We discuss many of these risks elsewhere in this report, including in the section entitled “Risk Factors” included in Part II, Item 1A, in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report, and in our various filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. You should read these factors and the other cautionary statements made in this Quarterly Report as being applicable to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this Quarterly Report. If one or more of these factors materialize, or if any underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements may vary materially from any future results, activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements made by us, which speak only as of the date they were made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements after the date of this Quarterly Report, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. We qualify all our forward-looking statements by the foregoing cautionary statements.

Overview

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company committed to discovering and developing novel, first-in-class immunomedicines to treat cancer and other immune-related diseases by restoring normal immune function. We view the immune system holistically and, rather than target one specific immune cell type, we focus on understanding biological pathways, the interactions of cells and the role each interaction plays in an immune response. Through our proprietary Functional, Integrated, NextCure Discovery in Immuno-Oncology, or FIND-IO, platform, we study various immune cells to discover and understand targets and structural components of immune cells and their functional impact in order to develop immunomedicines. We are focused on patients who do not respond to current therapies, patients whose cancer progresses despite treatment and patients with cancer types not adequately addressed by available therapies. We are committed to discovering and developing first-in-class immunomedicines, which are immunomedicines that use new or unique mechanisms of action to treat a medical condition, for these patients.

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other actions, including relief measures, implemented to address the impact of the pandemic, and resulting impacts on the financial markets and overall economy. We are unable to determine the extent of the impact of the pandemic on our operations and financial condition going forward. These developments are highly uncertain and unpredictable, and may materially adversely affect our financial position and results of operations.

Our lead product candidate NC318 is a first-in-class immunomedicine against a novel immunomodulatory receptor called Siglec-15, or S15. In October 2018, we initiated a Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC318 in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors. We completed enrollment of the Phase 1 portion of this trial in August 2019 and preliminary data from the Phase 1 portion were presented at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer annual meeting in November 2019. We reported initial biomarker data from the Phase 1 portion of this trial, which we believe suggest collectively the potential of NC318 to block S15-mediated immune suppression, in May 2020 at the 2020 Virtual American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting.

We began enrolling patients in the Phase 2 portion of the Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC318 trial in October 2019. In this portion, we planned to enroll up to 100 patients with tumor types that have been shown to have elevated S15 expression, including non-small cell lung cancer, or NSCLC, ovarian cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, or HNSCC, and triple-negative breast cancer, or TNBC. As we announced in April 2020, initial data from the Phase 2 portion of the Phase 1/2 monotherapy trial has been temporarily delayed given enrollment slowdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In April 2020, we announced that given enrollment slowdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we expected initial data from the Phase 2 portion of the Phase 1/2 monotherapy trial to be temporarily delayed. However, we continued to support ongoing activities for patients enrolled in the trial and to work with our clinical sites to enroll new patients as appropriate. In July 2020, we announced at that time we did not plan to advance the NSCLC and ovarian cancer cohorts into the stage 2 portion of the Simon 2-stage monotherapy trial. We have not established the reason for the absence of responses in these cohorts. We will evaluate whether to pursue continued study of NC318 as a monotherapy in NSCLC and ovarian cancer after an analysis of biomarker data from the ongoing trial. We continue to enroll new patients in the HNSCC and TNBC cohorts of the monotherapy trial. One confirmed partial response has been observed in HNSCC, and this indication has been advanced to the stage 2 portion of the Simon 2-stage trial. We expect to announce additional clinical data and biomarker data from this trial in the fourth quarter of 2020.

We delayed initiating an additional Phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate NC318 in combination with standard of care chemotherapies in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and initiation of the trial is now pending further biomarker analysis and assessment of patient selection criteria for the trial.

Our second product candidate, NC410, is a novel immunomedicine designed to block immune suppression mediated by an immune modulator called Leukocyte-Associated Immunoglobulin-like Receptor 1. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, accepted our investigational new drug application, or IND, for NC410 in the first quarter of 2020. In June 2020, we initiated a Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC410 in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors after a temporary delay due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Phase 1 dose-escalation portion of this open-label trial is designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of NC410 in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors and determine its pharmacologically active and/or maximum tolerated dose. After a recommended dose for the Phase 2 portion of the trial is determined, the efficacy of NC410 will be evaluated in select tumor types. We expect to announce data from the Phase 1 portion of this trial in the second half of 2021.

Financial Overview

Since commencing operations in 2015, we have devoted substantially all of our efforts and financial resources to research and development activities for our product candidates, discovery programs and FIND-IO platform, organizing and staffing our company, identifying business development opportunities, raising capital, securing intellectual property rights related to our product candidates, building and optimizing our manufacturing capabilities and conducting discovery.

We have not generated any revenue from product sales and only limited revenue from other sources. As a result, with the exception of the three months ended March 31, 2020, for which we reported a profit due to recognition of deferred revenue in connection with the termination of our former research and development collaboration agreement with Eli Lilly

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and Company, or Lilly, we have never been profitable and have incurred net losses since the commencement of our operations. Our net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $16.4 million and $8.4 million, respectively, and our net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $21.1 million and $22.8 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, we had an accumulated deficit of $102.2 million, primarily as a result of research and development and general and administrative expenses. We do not expect to generate product revenue unless and until we obtain marketing approval for and commercialize a product candidate, and we cannot assure you that we will ever generate significant revenue or profits.

We have funded our operations to date primarily with proceeds from public offerings of our common stock, private placements our preferred stock and upfront fees received under our former research and development collaboration agreement with Lilly, or the Lilly Agreement. From our inception through September 30, 2020, we received gross proceeds of $164.4 million through private placements of preferred stock.

In November 2018, we entered into the Lilly Agreement to use our FIND-IO platform to identify novel oncology targets for additional collaborative research and drug discovery by us and Lilly. We received an upfront payment of $25.0 million in cash and an equity investment of $15.0 million from Lilly upon entering into the Lilly Agreement, and we were eligible for quarterly research and development support payments during a portion of the term of the Lilly Agreement. Effective March 3, 2020, Lilly terminated the Lilly Agreement without cause.

On May 13, 2019, we closed our initial public offering, or IPO, in which we sold 5,750,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $15.00 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $86.3 million. The net offering proceeds to us were approximately $77.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $6.0 million and offering expenses of $3.4 million.

On November 19, 2019, we completed an underwritten public offering, in which we issued and sold 4,077,192 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $36.75 per share. On December 2, 2019, the underwriters exercised in full their option to purchase an additional 611,578 shares of common stock at the public offering price of $36.75, for total net proceeds to us of approximately $160.9 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $10.3 million and offering expenses of approximately $1.0 million.

As of September 30, 2020, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, excluding restricted cash, of $291.2 million. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our planned operations into the second half of 2023. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be incorrect, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect.

We expect to incur substantial expenditures in the foreseeable future as we advance our product candidates through clinical development, the regulatory approval process and, if approved, commercialization, and as we expand our pipeline through research and development activities related to our FIND-IO platform and discovery programs. Specifically, in the near term, we expect to incur substantial expenses relating to our ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trial and planned Phase 2 clinical trial of NC318, our ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC410 and other research and development activities. We expect to continue to incur significantly increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, including significant legal, accounting, investor relations and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company.

We will need substantial additional funding to support our continuing operations and to pursue our development strategy. Until such time as we can generate significant revenue from sales of our product candidates, if ever, we expect to finance our operations through a combination of public and private equity offerings, debt financings, marketing and distribution arrangements, other collaborations, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. Adequate funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we fail to raise capital or enter into such agreements as and when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate preclinical studies, clinical trials, or other research and development activities or one or more of our development programs.

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Components of Our Results of Operations

Revenue

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized $0 million and $22.4 million, respectively, in revenue under the Lilly Agreement. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recognized $1.6 million and $4.3 million, respectively, in revenue under the Lilly Agreement. Lilly terminated the Lilly Agreement effective March 3, 2020, or the Lilly Termination Date, and we recognized all of the deferred revenue as of the Lilly Termination Date in the condensed statement of operations. Through September 30, 2020, we have not generated any revenue from product sales.

For additional information about our revenue recognition policy, see Note 2 to our unaudited condensed financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.

Operating Expenses

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred for our discovery efforts, research activities, development and testing of our product candidates as well as for clinical trials, including:

●

salaries, benefits and other related costs, including stock-based compensation, for personnel engaged in research and development functions;

●

expenses incurred under agreements with third parties, including agreements with third parties that conduct research, preclinical activities or clinical trials on our behalf, such as our corporate sponsored research agreement and our license agreement with Yale University;

●

costs of outside consultants, including their fees, stock-based compensation and related travel expenses;

●

the costs of laboratory supplies and acquiring, developing and manufacturing preclinical study and clinical trial materials; and

●

facility-related expenses, which include direct depreciation costs and allocated expenses for rent and maintenance of facilities and other operating costs.

We expense research and development costs as incurred. Our expenses related to clinical trials are based on actual costs incurred and estimates of other incurred costs. These estimated costs are based on several factors, including patient enrollment and related expenses at clinical investigator sites, contract services received, consulting agreement costs and efforts expended under contracts with research institutions and third-party contract research organizations that conduct and manage clinical trials on our behalf. We generally accrue estimated costs related to clinical trials based on contracted amounts applied to the level of patient enrollment and other activity according to the protocol. If future timelines or contracts are modified based on changes in the clinical trial protocol or scope of work to be performed, we would modify our estimates of accrued expenses accordingly on a prospective basis. Historically, any such modifications have not been material.

Due to the early-stage nature of our programs and the discovery-related nature of our efforts, we do not track costs on a program-by-program basis. As our current and future product candidates proceed along a development path further in clinical trials, we intend to track the costs of each program.

Research and development activities are central to our business model. We expect that our research and development expenses will continue to increase substantially for the foreseeable future as we advance our product candidates through development, including conducting our ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC318, our planned Phase 2

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clinical trial in combination with standard of care chemotherapies and preclinical studies and our ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC410, as we develop a complementary diagnostic for NC318 if we determine it is advisable, as we expand our current good manufacturing practice, or cGMP, manufacturing capacity, including to provide drug supply of NC318 for future clinical trials, and as we expand our pipeline through research and development activities related to our FIND-IO platform and discovery programs.

We cannot determine with certainty the duration and costs of future clinical trials of NC318, NC410 or any other product candidate we may develop or if, when or to what extent we will generate revenue from the commercialization and sale of any product candidate for which we may obtain marketing approval. We may never succeed in obtaining marketing approval for any product candidate. The duration, costs and timing of clinical trials and development of NC318, NC410 and any other product candidate we may develop will depend on a variety of factors, including:

●

the scope, progress, results and costs of clinical trials of NC318 and NC410, as well as of any future clinical trials of other product candidates and other research and development activities that we may conduct;

●

the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including delays and slowdowns as a result of strain on our clinical trial sites and concerns about patient safety;

●

uncertainties in selection of indications, clinical trial design and patient enrollment rates;

●

the probability of success for our product candidates, including safety and efficacy, early clinical data, competition, ease and ability of manufacturing and commercial viability;

●

significant and changing government regulation and regulatory guidance;

●

the timing and receipt of any development or marketing approvals; and

●

the expense of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights.

A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of a product candidate could lead to a significant change in the costs and timing associated with the development of that product candidate. For example, if the FDA or another regulatory authority were to require us to conduct clinical trials beyond those that we anticipate will be required for the completion of clinical development of a product candidate, or if we experience significant delays in our clinical trials due to patient enrollment or other reasons, we would be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time to complete clinical development for any such product candidate.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs, including payroll and stock-based compensation, for personnel in executive, finance, human resources, business and corporate development and other administrative functions, professional fees for legal, intellectual property, consulting and accounting services, rent and other facility-related costs, depreciation and other general operating expenses not otherwise classified as research and development expenses. General and administrative expenses also include all patent-related costs incurred in connection with filing and prosecuting patent applications, which are expensed as incurred.

We anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will increase substantially during the next few years as a result of staff expansion and additional occupancy costs, as well as costs associated with being a public company, including higher legal and accounting fees, investor relations costs, higher insurance premiums and other compliance costs associated with being a public company.

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Other Income, Net

Other income, net consists primarily of interest income earned on U.S. Treasury obligations and payment of interest on our term loan with a commercial bank, or the Term Loan.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2020		2019		Change		2020		2019		Change
Revenue:
Revenue from research and development arrangement	$	—	$	1,583	$	(1,583)	$	22,378	$	4,342	$	18,036

Operating expenses:
Research and development		12,740		8,663		4,077		34,448		22,819		11,629
General and administrative		4,659		2,622		2,037		12,918		6,995		5,923
Loss from operations		(17,399)		(9,702)		(7,697)		(24,988)		(25,472)		484
Other income, net		1,032		1,268		(236)		3,846		2,662		1,184
Net loss	$	(16,367)	$	(8,434)	$	(7,933)	$	(21,142)	$	(22,810)	$	1,668

Revenue from Research and Development Arrangement

Revenue was $0 million and $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $22.4 and $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase in revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 is related to the recognition of all of the deferred revenue under the Lilly Agreement as of the Lilly Termination Date. Effective with the termination of the agreement, no further quarterly research and development support payments are payable to the Company.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased by $4.0 million to $12.7 million compared to $8.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was driven primarily by $2.3 million in personnel-related costs due to an increase in headcount. Other significant components of the increase in research and development expenses included $1.3 million in clinical research costs related to advancing NC318 and NC410. The majority of all research and development expenses incurred for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2020 related to NC318.

Research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased by $11.6 million to $34.4 million compared to $22.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was driven primarily by $6.3 million in personnel-related costs due to an increase in headcount. Other significant components of the increase in research and development expenses included $2.8 million in lab supplies and services for NC318, NC410, other early-stage programs and discovery activities, $1.0 million in clinical research costs related to advancing NC318 and NC410, and $0.4 million in depreciation expense.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased by $2.1 million to $4.7 million as compared to $2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was driven primarily by $0.7 million in personnel-related costs due to an increase in headcount. Other significant components of the

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increase in general and administrative expenses included $0.4 million for professional fees related to legal, finance and audit services, public relations, compensation and investor relations support, and $0.1 million in insurance expenses, primarily due to traditional costs of being a public company beginning in May of 2019.

General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased by $5.9 million to $12.9 million as compared to $7.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was driven primarily by $1.9 million in personnel-related costs due to an increase in headcount. Other significant components of the increase in general and administrative expenses included $1.3 million for professional fees related to legal, finance and audit services, public relations, compensation and investor relations support, and $0.9 million in insurance expenses.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $0.3 million to $1.0 million from $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Other income, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased by $1.2 million to $3.9 million from $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was driven primarily by interest income earned on higher cash and marketable securities balances, partially offset by interest expense related to the Term Loan.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have financed our operations primarily with proceeds from public offerings of our common stock, private placements of our preferred stock and upfront fees received under the Lilly Agreement. On May 13, 2019, we closed our IPO, in which we sold 5,750,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $15.00 per share, for net offering proceeds to us of approximately $77.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. On November 19, 2019, we completed an underwritten public offering in which we sold 4,077,192 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $36.75 per share. On December 2, 2019, the underwriters exercised in full their option to purchase an additional 611,578 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $36.75. Net offering proceeds to us were approximately $160.9 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. Since inception, we have received aggregate gross proceeds of $164.4 million from the sale and issuance of shares of our preferred stock. In addition, in November 2018, we received an upfront payment of $25.0 million in cash from Lilly pursuant to the Lilly Agreement. Our cash and cash equivalents are held in money market funds.

As of September 30, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, excluding restricted cash, of $291.2 million. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our planned operations into the second half of 2023.

In April 2016, we entered into the Term Loan to finance laboratory equipment purchases. In January 2019, we amended the Term Loan to increase our borrowing capacity from $1.0 million to $5.0 million. As amended, the Term Loan matures in January 2023. Under the Term Loan, we will make interest-only payments through January 2020 and 36 equal monthly payments of principal plus accrued interest thereafter through January 2023. As of September 30, 2020, our outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan were $3.9 million.

We will continue to require additional capital to develop our product candidates and fund operations for the foreseeable future. We may seek to raise capital through sale of equity, debt financings, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. Adequate additional funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all, including as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. If we fail to raise capital or enter into such arrangements as and when needed, we may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development of our product candidates or delay our efforts to expand our pipeline of product candidates.

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Cash Flows

The following table sets forth the primary sources and uses of cash and cash equivalents for each of the periods presented below (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
Net cash (used in) provided by :
Operating activities	$	(38,676)	$	(25,632)
Investing activities		27,025		(176,762)
Financing activities		(1,017)		81,735
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	$	(12,668)	$	(120,659)

Cash Used in Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $38.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, which was primarily due to the recognition of deferred revenue related to the terminated Lilly Agreement of $22.4 million. Net cash used in operating activities was $25.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, which was primarily due to our net loss of $22.8 million.

Cash Used in Investing Activities

Cash provided by investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $27.0 million, which was primarily due to net proceeds from marketable securities of $33.2 million, partially offset by purchases of property and equipment of $6.2 million. Cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $176.8 million, which consisted primarily of purchases of marketable securities.

Cash Provided by Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities was $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, which consisted primarily of payments related to the Term Loan. Cash provided by financing activities was $81.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, which consisted primarily of net proceeds from our IPO.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

There have been no material changes outside the ordinary course of business to our contractual obligations during the nine month period ended September 30, 2020, as compared to those disclosed in our Annual Report.

Critical Accounting Policies, Significant Judgments and Use of Estimates

Our condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported expenses incurred during the reporting periods. The most significant assumptions used in the financial statements are the underlying assumptions used in revenue recognition and valuing share-based compensation, including the fair value of our common stock in periods before our IPO. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, there were no material changes to our critical accounting policies reported in our Annual Report.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Since our inception, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to our unaudited condensed financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements that may impact our financial position and results of operations.

Emerging Growth Company Status

As an emerging growth company, or EGC, under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not EGCs. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for adopting new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until such time as those standards apply to private companies.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information requested by this Item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, as of September 30, 2020. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2020, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

The information set forth under the heading “Legal Proceedings” in Note 9, Commitments and Contingencies, in Notes to Condensed Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report, is incorporated herein by reference. In addition, from time to time, we are involved in litigation or other legal proceedings as part of our ordinary course of business. Other than the proceeding described in Note 9, we are not currently a party to any litigation or legal proceedings that, in the opinion of our management, are likely to have a material adverse effect on our business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below and in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report together with all of the other information in this Quarterly Report, including our financial statements and the related notes and the information described in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” before deciding whether to invest in our common stock. If any of the events described below actually occurs, our business, results of operations, financial conditions, cash flows or prospects could be harmed. If that were to happen, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations.

The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to adversely affect our business.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19, outbreak a pandemic. In order to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, governments have imposed unprecedented restrictions on business operations, travel and gatherings, resulting in a global economic downturn and other adverse economic and societal impacts. The COVID-19 pandemic has also overwhelmed or otherwise led to changes in the operations of many healthcare facilities, including clinical trial sites. While we are considered an essential business under applicable regulations and continue to operate, the impacts of COVID-19 initially placed significant strain on our clinical trial sites, have raised concerns around monitoring patient safety, and caused enrollment to slow in the Phase 2 portion of the ongoing Phase 1/2 monotherapy clinical trial of our lead product candidate, NC318. Any rise of COVID-19 infection rates, especially in the United States, could continue to negatively affect enrollment going forward. We are continuing to work closely with our clinical partners and have taken steps as necessary to adjust our protocols and timelines due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, initial data from the Phase 2 portion of our ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC318 was temporarily delayed, and the initial delay of our Phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate NC318 in combination with standard of care chemotherapies was due to COVID-19. In addition, we delayed until July 2020 initiation of the Phase 1 portion of our Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC410 despite being prepared to begin the trial in March 2020. The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic could adversely affect our clinical trials and operations in other ways as well. For example, challenges may arise as a result of patients, members of the clinical team, or our employees becoming infected with COVID-19 or otherwise unable or unwilling to participate in trials or come to work, as applicable, as a result of COVID-19, interruptions to the supply chain or manufacturing, site closures, or difficulties in meeting protocol-specified procedures, including difficulties adhering to protocol-mandated visits and testing. The COVID-19 pandemic may also increase the likelihood and severity of other risks discussed in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report and this Quarterly Report, including but not limited to risks related to the conduct, progress and outcomes of clinical trials, risks related to reliance on third parties, risks related to our operations and dependence on key personnel, and risks related to our need to obtain additional capital.

The COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts continue to evolve. We cannot predict the scope and severity of disruptions resulting from COVID-19 or their impacts on us, but business disruptions for us or the third parties with whom we engage, including the collaborators, contract organizations, third-party manufacturers, suppliers, clinical trial sites, regulators and other third parties with whom we conduct business could materially and negatively impact our ability to conduct our business in the manner and on the timelines presently planned. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact our business and financial performance will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, including the scope and duration of the pandemic and the extent and effectiveness of

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government restrictions, relief measures and other actions implemented to address the impact of the pandemic, and resulting economic impacts.

If we or our collaborators encounter difficulties enrolling patients in our clinical trials, as we have in the Phase 2 portion of our ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trial, our clinical development activities could be delayed or otherwise be adversely affected.

The successful and timely completion of clinical trials in accordance with their protocols depends on, among other things, our ability to enroll a sufficient number of patients who remain in the trial until the trial’s conclusion, including any follow-up period. We may experience difficulties in patient enrollment in our clinical trials for a variety of reasons. For example, we have experienced a slowdown of enrollment in the Phase 2 portion of our ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trial of NC318 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Delays from difficulties in patient enrollment in a clinical trial may result in increased costs or affect the timing, outcome or completion of the trial, which could delay or prevent our receipt of regulatory approval the applicable product candidate or to abandon the trial altogether.

We depend on third-party suppliers for key materials used in our manufacturing processes, and the loss of these third-party suppliers or their inability to supply us with adequate materials could harm our business.

We rely on third-party suppliers for certain materials and components required for the production of our product candidates. Our dependence on these third-party suppliers and the challenges we may face in obtaining adequate supplies of materials involve several risks, including limited control over pricing, availability, and quality and delivery schedules. As a small company, our negotiation leverage is limited, and we are likely to get lower priority than our competitors that are larger than we are. In addition, COVID-19 has disrupted global supply chains, including pharmaceutical and medical supply chains. We cannot be certain that our suppliers will continue to provide us with the quantities of the raw materials that we require or satisfy our anticipated specifications and quality requirements whether due to our size, COVID-19, or otherwise. Any supply interruption in limited or sole sourced raw materials could materially harm our ability to manufacture our product candidates until a new source of supply, if any, could be identified and qualified. We may be unable to find a sufficient alternative supply channel in a reasonable time or on commercially reasonable terms. Any performance failure on the part of our suppliers could delay the development and potential commercialization of our product candidates, including limiting supplies necessary for clinical trials and regulatory approvals, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.

Recently announced interim results regarding our NC318 monotherapy Phase 1/2 clinical trial may adversely impact our product development efforts.

In July 2020, we announced that based on the current enrollment criteria and clinical response data, at this time we do not currently plan to advance the NSCLC and ovarian cancer cohorts of our NC318 Phase 1/2 monotherapy clinical trial into the stage 2 portion of the Simon 2-stage trial. At this time, we have not established the reason for the absence of responses in these cohorts, including whether it may relate to patient selection criteria, such as whether the patients in these cohorts have tumors that express high levels of S15, or whether NC318 is not active in these tumor types. We have announced that we expect to evaluate whether to pursue continued study of NC318 as a monotherapy in NSCLC and ovarian cancer after an analysis of biomarker data from the ongoing trial. There is no assurance as to what biomarker data may show.

The developments in our monotherapy trial could adversely impact our ability to enroll patients, increase the costs and lengthen the timeline for this trial, and impair our ability to gain regulatory approval for and commercialize NC318. Furthermore, as a result of the delay in obtaining biomarker data, we may make decisions about pursuing particular tumor types based on incomplete facts, resulting in decisions to either pursue indications that we should not pursue, or to not pursue indications that we should pursue. In addition, our former chief medical officer resigned effective August 4, 2020, and the developments in our trial could adversely impact our search for a qualified successor. His departure could also disrupt our development efforts for NC318 and our other product candidates. Any of these developments could also damage our reputation or investor confidence in our company, disrupt our broader research and development, impact our ability to raise capital, or hinder our ability to execute our strategic plans, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects.

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We are now and may in the future be subject to securities litigation, which can be expensive and could divert management’s attention.

On September 21, 2020, a putative stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York styled Ye Zhou v. NextCure, Inc., et. al., Case 1:20-cv-0772 (S.D.N.Y.). The complaint asserts claims against us, certain of our officers and members of our board of directors, and the underwriters in our November 2019 underwritten public offering. The complaint alleges that the defendants violated provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to statements made regarding our lead product candidate, NC318. The complaint seeks unspecified damages on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of our securities between November 5, 2019 and July 14, 2020. We intend to vigorously defend the action. However, whether or not the claims are successful, this type of litigation is often expensive and can divert management's attention and resources from other business concerns, which could adversely affect our business. If we are ultimately required to pay significant defense costs, damages or settlement amounts, such payments could adversely affect our operations.

We may be the target of similar litigation in the future. The market price of our common stock has experienced and may continue to experience volatility, and in the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities litigation. Any future litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention from other business concerns, which could seriously harm our business. We maintain liability insurance; however, if any costs or expenses associated with the Ye Zhou action or any other litigation exceed our insurance coverage, we may be forced to bear some or all of these costs and expenses directly, which could be substantial.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits.

The exhibits filed or furnished as part of this Quarterly Report are set forth on the Exhibit Index, below.


Exhibit No.		Exhibit Description

10.1		Employment Agreement, effective as of July 27, 2020, by and between the Company and Michael Richman (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 31, 2020).

10.2		Employment Agreement, effective as of July 27, 2020, by and between the Company and Steven P. Cobourn (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 31, 2020).

10.3		Employment Agreement, effective as of July 27, 2020, by and between the Company and Solomon Langermann, Ph.D. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 31, 2020).

10.4		Consulting Agreement, effective as of August 4, 2020, by and between the Company and Kevin Heller, M.D. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on August 6, 2020).

10.5		Non-Employee Director Compensation Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 14, 2020).

31.1		Certification of Michael Richman pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of Steven P. Cobourn pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certification of Michael Richman and Steven P. Cobourn pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

EX-101.INS		XBRL Instance Document

EX-101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

EX-101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

EX-101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

EX-101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

EX-101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	NEXTCURE, INC.

Date: November 5, 2020	By:	/s/ Michael Richman
	Name:	Michael Richman
		President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 5, 2020	By:	/s/ Steven P. Cobourn
	Name:	Steven P. Cobourn
		Chief Financial Officer

EXHIBIT 31.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Michael Richman, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of NextCure, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(c) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: November 5, 2020


/s/ Michael Richman
Name:	Michael Richman
Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer

EXHIBIT 31.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Steven P. Cobourn, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of NextCure, Inc.;

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: November 5, 2020


/s/ Steven P. Cobourn
Name:	Steven P. Cobourn
Title:	Chief Financial Officer

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of NextCure, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned each hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of his knowledge, on the date hereof:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.



Dated: November 5, 2020

	/s/ Michael Richman
	Name:	Michael Richman
	Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer



Dated: November 5, 2020

	/s/ Steven P. Cobourn
	Name:	Steven P. Cobourn
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer

Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Sep. 30, 2020	Nov. 04, 2020
Cover Abstract
Entity Registrant Name	NextCure, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001661059
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2020
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
Trading Symbol	NXTC
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		27,553,089

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 22,534	$ 34,091
Marketable securities	268,672	300,514
Restricted cash	1,706	1,706
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,069	3,684
Total current assets	296,981	339,995
Property and equipment, net	15,819	12,090
Other assets	3,278	4,083
Total assets	316,078	356,168
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	186	1,861
Accrued liabilities	3,754	4,871
Deferred rent, current portion	134	215
Term loan, current portion	1,667	1,667
Deferred revenue, current portion		6,428
Total current liabilities	5,741	15,042
Deferred rent, net of current portion	776	359
Term loan, net of current portion	2,222	3,333
Deferred revenue, net of current portion		15,950
Total liabilities	8,739	34,684
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock; par value of $0.001 per share, 10,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. No shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019
Common stock, par value of $0.001 per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, 27,553,089 and 27,499,260 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively	28	27
Additional paid-in capital	408,189	402,529
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	1,298	(38)
Accumulated deficit	(102,176)	(81,034)
Total stockholders’ equity	307,339	321,484
Total liabilities, preferred stock and stockholders’ equity	$ 316,078	$ 356,168

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS - (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
Preferred stock, par value per share	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, number of shares authorized	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value per share	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, number of shares authorized	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	27,553,089	27,499,260
Common stock, shares outstanding	27,553,089	27,499,260

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Revenue:
Revenue		$ 1,583	$ 22,378	$ 4,342
Revenue, Product and Service [Extensible List]			nxtc:RelatedPartyMember
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$ 12,740	8,663	$ 34,448	22,819
General and administrative	4,659	2,622	12,918	6,995
Total operating expenses	17,399	11,285	47,366	29,814
Loss from operations	(17,399)	(9,702)	(24,988)	(25,472)
Other income, net	1,032	1,268	3,846	2,662
Net loss	$ (16,367)	$ (8,434)	$ (21,142)	$ (22,810)
Loss per share
Net loss per common share—basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.59)	$ (0.37)	$ (0.77)	$ (1.81)
Shares used in the calculation of loss per share
Weighted average number of common shares —basic and diluted (in shares)	27,547,737	22,715,567	27,524,350	12,609,219
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$ (16,367)	$ (8,434)	$ (21,142)	$ (22,810)
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities	(637)	(58)	1,298	(58)
Total comprehensive loss	$ (17,004)	$ (8,492)	$ (19,844)	$ (22,868)

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Preferred Stock Series A Preferred Stock	Preferred Stock Series B Preferred Stock	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Accumulated Deficit	Total
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2018			$ 1	$ 352		$ (47,297)	$ (46,944)
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018			1,374,812
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 71,000	$ 91,223
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018	68,181,819	56,828,851
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Deficit
Stock based compensation				383			383
Issuance of common stock				4			4
Issuance of common stock (in shares)			4,697
Net loss						(6,155)	(6,155)
Balance at the end at Mar. 31, 2019			$ 1	739		(53,452)	(52,712)
Balance at the end (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019			1,379,509
Balance at the end at Mar. 31, 2019	$ 71,000	$ 91,223
Balance at the end (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019	68,181,819	56,828,851
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2018			$ 1	352		(47,297)	(46,944)
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018			1,374,812
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 71,000	$ 91,223
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018	68,181,819	56,828,851
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Deficit
Net loss							(22,810)
Balance at the end at Sep. 30, 2019			$ 23	240,791	$ (58)	(70,107)	170,649
Balance at the end (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019			22,739,345
Balance at the beginning at Mar. 31, 2019			$ 1	739		(53,452)	(52,712)
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019			1,379,509
Balance at the beginning at Mar. 31, 2019	$ 71,000	$ 91,223
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019	68,181,819	56,828,851
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Deficit
Stock based compensation				412			412
Issuance of common stock			$ 1	42			43
Issuance of common stock (in shares)			24,687
Initial public offering, net of issuance costs of $9.4M			$ 6	76,844			76,850
Initial public offering, net of issuance costs of $9.4M (in shares)			5,750,000
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock	$ (71,000)	$ (91,223)	$ 15	162,208			162,223
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock (in shares)	(68,181,819)	(56,828,851)	15,560,569
Net loss						(8,221)	(8,221)
Balance at the end at Jun. 30, 2019			$ 23	240,245		(61,673)	178,595
Balance at the end (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019			22,714,765
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Deficit
Stock based compensation				524			524
Issuance of common stock				22			22
Issuance of common stock (in shares)			24,580
Unrealized (loss) gain on marketable securities, net of tax $0					(58)		(58)
Net loss						(8,434)	(8,434)
Balance at the end at Sep. 30, 2019			$ 23	240,791	(58)	(70,107)	170,649
Balance at the end (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019			22,739,345
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2019			$ 27	402,529	(38)	(81,034)	$ 321,484
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019			27,499,260				27,499,260
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Deficit
Stock based compensation				1,008			$ 1,008
Issuance of common stock			$ 1	36			37
Issuance of common stock (in shares)			17,142
Unrealized (loss) gain on marketable securities, net of tax $0					(505)		(505)
Net loss						9,733	9,733
Balance at the end at Mar. 31, 2020			$ 28	403,573	(543)	(71,301)	331,757
Balance at the end (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2020			27,516,402
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2019			$ 27	402,529	(38)	(81,034)	$ 321,484
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019			27,499,260				27,499,260
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Deficit
Net loss							$ (21,142)
Balance at the end at Sep. 30, 2020			$ 28	408,189	1,298	(102,176)	$ 307,339
Balance at the end (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2020			27,553,089				27,553,089
Balance at the beginning at Mar. 31, 2020			$ 28	403,573	(543)	(71,301)	$ 331,757
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2020			27,516,402
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Deficit
Stock based compensation				2,187			2,187
Issuance of common stock				3			3
Issuance of common stock (in shares)			4,248
Unrealized (loss) gain on marketable securities, net of tax $0					2,478		2,478
Net loss						(14,508)	(14,508)
Balance at the end at Jun. 30, 2020			$ 28	405,763	1,935	(85,809)	321,917
Balance at the end (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2020			27,520,650
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Deficit
Stock based compensation				2,372			2,372
Issuance of common stock				54			54
Issuance of common stock (in shares)			32,439
Unrealized (loss) gain on marketable securities, net of tax $0					(637)		(637)
Net loss						(16,367)	(16,367)
Balance at the end at Sep. 30, 2020			$ 28	$ 408,189	$ 1,298	$ (102,176)	$ 307,339
Balance at the end (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2020			27,553,089				27,553,089

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Unrealized loss on marketable securities, tax	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Initial public offering issuance costs					$ 9,400,000
Common stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001				$ 0.001

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (21,142)	$ (22,810)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	2,423	1,933
Stock-based compensation	5,567	1,319
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(690)	(3,660)
Accounts payable	(1,675)	93
Accrued liabilities	(1,117)	335
Deferred rent	336
Deferred revenue	(22,378)	(2,842)
Net cash used in operating activities	(38,676)	(25,632)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Maturities of marketable securities	129,169
Purchase of marketable securities	(95,992)	(174,205)
Purchase of property and equipment	(6,152)	(2,557)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	27,025	(176,762)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of issuance costs		77,264
Proceeds from issuances of common stock	94	65
Proceeds from the term loan		4,540
Deferred financing costs		(134)
Payments of the term loan	(1,111)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(1,017)	81,735
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(12,668)	(120,659)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—beginning of period	39,130	135,633
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash—end of period	26,462	14,974
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	130	137
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment included in accrued liabilities	$ 134	73
Deferred financing costs included in accrued liabilities		134
Conversion of convertible preferred stock into common stock		$ 162,223

Nature of the Business	9 Months Ended
Nature of the Business	Sep. 30, 2020
Nature of the Business
Nature of the Business	1. Nature of the Business Organization NextCure, Inc. (“NextCure” or the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware in September 2015 and is headquartered in Beltsville, Maryland. The Company is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company committed to discovering and developing novel, first‑in‑class immunomedicines to treat cancer and other immune‑related diseases by restoring normal immune function. Through its proprietary Functional, Integrated, NextCure Discovery in Immuno‑Oncology (“FIND‑IO”) platform, the Company studies various immune cells in order to discover and understand targets and structural components of immune cells and their functional impact in order to develop immunomedicines. Since inception, the Company has devoted substantially all of its efforts and financial resources to organizing and staffing the Company, identifying business development opportunities, raising capital, securing intellectual property rights related to the Company’s product candidates, building and optimizing the Company’s manufacturing capabilities and conducting discovery, research and development activities for the Company’s product candidates, discovery programs and its FIND‑IO platform. Initial Public Offering On May 13, 2019, the Company closed its initial public offering (“IPO”), in which the Company issued and sold 5,750,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $15.00 per share, for net proceeds to the Company of approximately $77.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $6.0 million and offering expenses of approximately $3.4 million. In preparation for the IPO, on May 3, 2019, the Company effected a one-for-8.0338 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding common stock. The par value and authorized shares of common stock were not adjusted as a result of the reverse stock split. All share and per share information presented in the accompanying financial statements has been adjusted to reflect the reverse common stock split on a retroactive basis for all applicable periods and as of all applicable dates presented. Upon the closing of the IPO, on May 13, 2019, all outstanding shares of the Company’s convertible preferred stock automatically converted into 15,560,569 shares of common stock at the applicable conversion ratio then in effect. Subsequent to the closing of the IPO, there were no shares of preferred stock outstanding. Upon the closing of the IPO, on May 13, 2019, the Company’s certificate of incorporation was amended and restated to provide for 100,000,000 authorized shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share and 10,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.001 per share. Liquidity The Company has not generated any revenue to date from product sales and does not expect to generate any revenues from product sales in the foreseeable future. Through September 30, 2020, the Company has funded its operations primarily with proceeds from public offerings of its common stock, private placements of its preferred stock and upfront fees received under the Company’s former agreement with Eli Lilly and Company (Note 6). The Company expects to incur additional operating losses and negative operating cash flows for the foreseeable future. Risks and Uncertainties COVID-19 In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), outbreak a pandemic. In order to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, governments have imposed unprecedented restrictions on business operations, travel and gatherings, resulting in a global economic downturn and other adverse economic and societal impacts. The COVID-19 pandemic has also overwhelmed or otherwise led to changes in the operations of many healthcare facilities, including clinical trial sites. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business and financial performance is uncertain and depends on various factors, including the scope and duration of the pandemic, government restrictions and other actions, including relief measures, implemented to address the impact of the pandemic, and resulting impacts on the financial markets and overall economy. The imposition of “lockdown,” “social distancing” and “shelter in place” directives and other restrictions on business operations, travel and gatherings by state and federal governments in the United States as well as governments in other regions of the world in response to the COVID-19 pandemic initially placed significant strain on the Company’s clinical trial sites, have raised concerns around monitoring patient safety, and caused enrollment to slow in the Phase 2 portion of the ongoing Phase 1/2 monotherapy clinical trial of the Company’s lead product candidate, NC318. Any rise of COVID-19 infection rates, especially in the United States, could continue to negatively affect enrollment going forward. The Company is unable to determine the extent of the impact of the pandemic on its operations and financial condition going forward. These developments are highly uncertain and unpredictable, and may materially adversely affect the Company’s financial position and results of operations. The Company continues to closely monitor the COVID-19 situation and any potential impact to the Company’s planned activities.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	9 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Sep. 30, 2020
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Basis of Presentation The unaudited condensed financial statements include the accounts of NextCure and have been prepared by the Company in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial statements. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Accordingly, these condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and the notes thereto the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 (the “Annual Report”). Unaudited Financial Information In the opinion of management, the information furnished reflects certain adjustments, all of which are of a normal and recurring nature and are necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of the reported balance sheet date and of the Company’s results for the reported interim periods. The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued to provide additional evidence relative to certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or any other interim period. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Although actual results could differ from those estimates, management does not believe that such differences would be material. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements The Company qualifies as an emerging growth company (“EGC”) as defined under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”). Using exemptions provided under the JOBS Act provided to EGCs, the Company has elected to defer compliance with new or revised financial accounting standards until it is required to comply with such standards. In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02 (Topic 842), Leases (“ASC 842”). ASC 842 supersedes the lease recognition requirements in ASC 840, Leases. ASC 842 clarifies the definition of a lease and requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all leases, including those classified as operating leases under previous lease accounting guidance. For public entities, ASU 2016-02 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that year. As a result of the Company having elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act, ASC 842 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2022. Originally, entities were required to adopt ASC 842 using a modified retrospective transition method. However, in July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11 (Topic 842), Leases: Targeted Improvements, which provides entities with an additional transition method. Under ASU 2018-11, entities have the option of initially applying ASC 842 at the adoption date, rather than at the beginning of the earliest period presented, and recognizing the cumulative effect of applying the new standard as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings in the year of adoption while continuing to present all prior periods under previous lease accounting guidance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on the Company’s financial statements. The Company currently expects that its operating lease commitments will be subject to the new standard and recognized as right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities upon adoption of this standard, which will increase the total assets and total liabilities that it reports relative to such amounts presented prior to adoption. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 will require credit losses to be reported using an expected losses model rather than the incurred losses model that is currently used and will require additional disclosures related to credit risks. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, this standard will require allowances to be recorded instead of reducing the amortized cost of the investment. ASU 2016-13 is effective for non-EGCs for fiscal years beginning December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years, and will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and interim periods within those fiscal years, assuming the Company remains an EGC. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effects the adoption of ASU 2016-13 may have on its financial statements. The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs issued by the FASB. All other ASUs issued subsequent to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report were assessed and determined to be either inapplicable or not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Restricted Cash

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Restricted Cash.

Restricted Cash

3. Restricted Cash

The following table reconciles cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash per the balance sheet to the statement of cash flows:


	September 30,		December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Cash and cash equivalents	$	22,534	$	34,091
Restricted cash (including $2,222 and $3,333 in other assets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively)		3,928		5,039
Total	$	26,462	$	39,130

Marketable Securities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Marketable Securities

Marketable Securities

4. Marketable Securities

Marketable securities consist of the following:


	September 30, 2020
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
(in thousands)	Cost		Gain		Loss		Fair Value
Agency bonds (government sponsored enterprises)	$	7,342	$	23	$	—	$	7,365
Corporate bonds		253,052		1,330		(55)		254,327
Commercial paper		6,980		—		—		6,980
Total	$	267,374	$	1,353	$	(55)	$	268,672


	December 31, 2019
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
(in thousands)	Cost		Gain		Loss		Fair Value
U.S. treasury securities	$	4,991	$	—	$	—	$	4,991
Agency bonds (government sponsored enterprises)		24,437		15		(1)		24,451
Corporate bonds		271,124		103		(155)		271,072
Total	$	300,552	$	118	$	(156)	$	300,514

Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

5. Fair Value Measurements

Level 1—Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted market prices, interest rates and yield curves.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs developed using estimates of assumptions developed by the Company, which reflect those that a market participant would use.

The following tables set forth the fair value of the Company’s financial assets by level within the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:


	September 30, 2020
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other
			Active Markets or		Observable		Significant
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Unobservable
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	8,277	$	8,277	$	—	$	—
Marketable securities:
Agency bonds		7,365		—		7,365		—
Corporate bonds		254,327		—		254,327		—
Commercial paper		6,980		—		6,980
Total	$	276,949	$	8,277	$	268,672	$	—


	December 31, 2019
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other
			Active Markets or		Observable		Significant
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Unobservable
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	19,341	$	19,341	$	—	$	—
Marketable securities:
U.S. treasury securities		4,991		—		4,991		—
Agency bonds		24,451		—		24,451		—
Corporate bonds		271,072		—		271,072		—
Total	$	319,855	$	19,341	$	300,514	$	—

The Company did not transfer any assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis between levels during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Agreement with Eli Lilly and Company	9 Months Ended
Agreement with Eli Lilly and Company	Sep. 30, 2020
Agreement with Eli Lilly and Company
Agreement with Eli Lilly and Company	6. Agreement with Eli Lilly and Company On November 2, 2018, the Company entered into a multi-year research and development collaboration agreement (the “Lilly Agreement”) with Eli Lilly and Company (“Lilly”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to use its proprietary FIND-IO platform to identify novel oncology targets for additional collaborative research and drug discovery by the Company and Lilly. Effective March 3, 2020, Lilly, terminated the Lilly Agreement without cause. The Company recognized revenue under the Lilly Agreement of $0 million and $22.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $1.6 million and $4.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Effective with the termination of the agreement, no further quarterly research and development support payments are payable to the Company.

Stock-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

7. Stock‑Based Compensation

Employee Equity Plans

As of September 30, 2020, 2,728,278 shares were reserved for future grant under the 2019 Plan.

Stock options granted under the 2015 Plan and 2019 Plan (together, the “Plans”) to employees generally vest over four years and expire after ten years.

A summary of stock option activity for awards under the Plans is presented below:


	Options Outstanding and Exercisable
				Weighted
		Weighted		Average	Aggregate
		Average		Remaining	Intrinsic
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual	Value(1)
	Shares	Price		Life (Years)	(in thousands)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019	2,170,212	$	6.51	8.6	$	113,295
Granted	1,105,045	$	37.34	9.9		—
Exercised	(53,829)	$	2.05	7.8		—
Cancelled	(259)	$	7.63	8.7		—
Forfeited	(71,528)	$	23.35	9.3		—
Outstanding as of September 30, 2020	3,149,641	$	17.02	9.1	$	6,963
Vested and expected to vest as of September 30, 2020	3,149,641	$	17.02	—	$	6,963
Exercisable as of September 30, 2020	1,107,818	$	5.01	—	$	4,755

(1)

The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying options and the estimated fair value of the common stock for the options that were in the money at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted to employees for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $23.40. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $0.4 million. As of September 30, 2020, there was $26.1 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested options under the Plans that will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately three years.

Stock-based compensation expense was classified on the statements of operations as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Research and development	$	897	$	182	$	2,245	$	482
General and administrative		1,475		342		3,322		837
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	2,372	$	524	$	5,567	$	1,319


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
Expected term	5.4 - 6.08	years	6.08	years
Expected volatility	69.7 - 81.1	%	69.7	%
Risk free interest rate	0.3 - 1.0	%	1.96	%
Expected dividend yield	—	%	—	%

Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Sep. 30, 2020
Income Taxes
Income Taxes	8. Income Taxes The Company did not record a provision or benefit for income taxes during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. The Company has evaluated the positive and negative evidence involving its ability to realize its deferred tax assets. Management has considered the Company’s history of cumulative net losses incurred since inception and its lack of any commercially ready products. It has concluded that it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the benefits of the deferred tax assets. Management reevaluates the positive and negative evidence at each reporting period. Under the provisions of Sections 382 and 383 of the IRC, certain substantial changes in the Company’s ownership may have limited, or may limit in the future, the amount of net operating loss and research and development credit carryforwards that can be used to reduce future income taxes. On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was signed into law. The CARES Act includes various income and payroll tax provisions. The Company has analyzed the tax provisions of the CARES Act and determined they have no significant financial impact to the Company’s condensed financial statements.

Commitments and Contingencies	9 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Sep. 30, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies	9. Commitments and Contingencies Legal Proceedings On September 21, 2020, a putative stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York styled Ye Zhou v. NextCure, Inc., et. al., Case 1:20-cv-0772 (S.D.N.Y.). The complaint asserts claims against the Company, certain of its officers and members of its board of directors, and the underwriters in the Company’s November 2019 underwritten public offering. The complaint alleges that the defendants violated provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to statements made regarding the Company’s lead product candidate, NC318. The complaint seeks unspecified damages on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of the Company’s securities between November 5, 2019 and July 14, 2020. The Company intends to vigorously defend the action. Due to the early stages of this matter and unspecified damages sought, at this time, the Company is unable to estimate the potential loss or range of losses.

Subsequent Events	9 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Sep. 30, 2020
Subsequent Events
Subsequent Events	10. Subsequent Events The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the issuance date of these interim condensed financial statements.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	9 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Sep. 30, 2020
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Unaudited Financial Information	There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Basis of Presentation The unaudited condensed financial statements include the accounts of NextCure and have been prepared by the Company in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial statements. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Accordingly, these condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and the notes thereto the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 (the “Annual Report”). Unaudited Financial Information In the opinion of management, the information furnished reflects certain adjustments, all of which are of a normal and recurring nature and are necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of the reported balance sheet date and of the Company’s results for the reported interim periods. The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued to provide additional evidence relative to certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or any other interim period.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Although actual results could differ from those estimates, management does not believe that such differences would be material.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements The Company qualifies as an emerging growth company (“EGC”) as defined under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”). Using exemptions provided under the JOBS Act provided to EGCs, the Company has elected to defer compliance with new or revised financial accounting standards until it is required to comply with such standards. In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02 (Topic 842), Leases (“ASC 842”). ASC 842 supersedes the lease recognition requirements in ASC 840, Leases. ASC 842 clarifies the definition of a lease and requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all leases, including those classified as operating leases under previous lease accounting guidance. For public entities, ASU 2016-02 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that year. As a result of the Company having elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act, ASC 842 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2022. Originally, entities were required to adopt ASC 842 using a modified retrospective transition method. However, in July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11 (Topic 842), Leases: Targeted Improvements, which provides entities with an additional transition method. Under ASU 2018-11, entities have the option of initially applying ASC 842 at the adoption date, rather than at the beginning of the earliest period presented, and recognizing the cumulative effect of applying the new standard as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings in the year of adoption while continuing to present all prior periods under previous lease accounting guidance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on the Company’s financial statements. The Company currently expects that its operating lease commitments will be subject to the new standard and recognized as right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities upon adoption of this standard, which will increase the total assets and total liabilities that it reports relative to such amounts presented prior to adoption. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 will require credit losses to be reported using an expected losses model rather than the incurred losses model that is currently used and will require additional disclosures related to credit risks. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, this standard will require allowances to be recorded instead of reducing the amortized cost of the investment. ASU 2016-13 is effective for non-EGCs for fiscal years beginning December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years, and will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and interim periods within those fiscal years, assuming the Company remains an EGC. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effects the adoption of ASU 2016-13 may have on its financial statements. The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs issued by the FASB. All other ASUs issued subsequent to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report were assessed and determined to be either inapplicable or not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Restricted Cash (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Restricted Cash.

Summary of reconciliation cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash per the balance sheet to the statement of cash flows

The following table reconciles cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash per the balance sheet to the statement of cash flows:


	September 30,		December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Cash and cash equivalents	$	22,534	$	34,091
Restricted cash (including $2,222 and $3,333 in other assets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively)		3,928		5,039
Total	$	26,462	$	39,130

Marketable Securities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Marketable Securities

Schedule of marketable securities

Marketable securities consist of the following:


	September 30, 2020
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
(in thousands)	Cost		Gain		Loss		Fair Value
Agency bonds (government sponsored enterprises)	$	7,342	$	23	$	—	$	7,365
Corporate bonds		253,052		1,330		(55)		254,327
Commercial paper		6,980		—		—		6,980
Total	$	267,374	$	1,353	$	(55)	$	268,672


	December 31, 2019
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
(in thousands)	Cost		Gain		Loss		Fair Value
U.S. treasury securities	$	4,991	$	—	$	—	$	4,991
Agency bonds (government sponsored enterprises)		24,437		15		(1)		24,451
Corporate bonds		271,124		103		(155)		271,072
Total	$	300,552	$	118	$	(156)	$	300,514

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Fair Value Measurements

Summary of fair value of the Company’s financial assets

The following tables set forth the fair value of the Company’s financial assets by level within the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:


	September 30, 2020
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other
			Active Markets or		Observable		Significant
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Unobservable
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	8,277	$	8,277	$	—	$	—
Marketable securities:
Agency bonds		7,365		—		7,365		—
Corporate bonds		254,327		—		254,327		—
Commercial paper		6,980		—		6,980
Total	$	276,949	$	8,277	$	268,672	$	—


	December 31, 2019
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other
			Active Markets or		Observable		Significant
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Unobservable
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	19,341	$	19,341	$	—	$	—
Marketable securities:
U.S. treasury securities		4,991		—		4,991		—
Agency bonds		24,451		—		24,451		—
Corporate bonds		271,072		—		271,072		—
Total	$	319,855	$	19,341	$	300,514	$	—

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Stock-Based Compensation

Summary of stock option activity


	Options Outstanding and Exercisable
				Weighted
		Weighted		Average	Aggregate
		Average		Remaining	Intrinsic
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual	Value(1)
	Shares	Price		Life (Years)	(in thousands)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019	2,170,212	$	6.51	8.6	$	113,295
Granted	1,105,045	$	37.34	9.9		—
Exercised	(53,829)	$	2.05	7.8		—
Cancelled	(259)	$	7.63	8.7		—
Forfeited	(71,528)	$	23.35	9.3		—
Outstanding as of September 30, 2020	3,149,641	$	17.02	9.1	$	6,963
Vested and expected to vest as of September 30, 2020	3,149,641	$	17.02	—	$	6,963
Exercisable as of September 30, 2020	1,107,818	$	5.01	—	$	4,755

Summary of stock based compensation expense recorded


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2020		2019
Research and development	$	897	$	182	$	2,245	$	482
General and administrative		1,475		342		3,322		837
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	2,372	$	524	$	5,567	$	1,319

Summary of assumptions used in the Black Scholes option pricing model for stock options granted


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
Expected term	5.4 - 6.08	years	6.08	years
Expected volatility	69.7 - 81.1	%	69.7	%
Risk free interest rate	0.3 - 1.0	%	1.96	%
Expected dividend yield	—	%	—	%

Nature of the Business - (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands			9 Months Ended
	May 13, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares	May 03, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2019 $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2019 $ / shares
Nature of the Business
Reverse stock split ratio		0.1245
Proceeds from issuance of shares, net \| $			$ 77,264
Common stock, shares outstanding	15,560,569			27,553,089	27,499,260
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0			0	0
Common stock, number of shares authorized	100,000,000			100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, par value per share \| $ / shares	$ 0.001			$ 0.001	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, number of shares authorized	10,000,000			10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, par value per share \| $ / shares	$ 0.001			$ 0.001	$ 0.001
IPO
Nature of the Business
Issuance of common stock (in shares)	5,750,000
Share price \| $ / shares	$ 15.00
Proceeds from issuance of shares, net \| $	$ 77,000
Underwriting discounts and commissions \| $	6,000
Offering expenses \| $	$ 3,400

Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Restricted Cash
Face amount	$ 5,000
Restricted cash required reserve	3,900
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash per the balance sheet to the statement of cash flows
Cash and cash equivalents	22,534	$ 34,091
Restricted cash (including $2,222 and $3,333 in other assets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively)	3,928	5,039
Total	26,462	39,130	$ 14,974	$ 135,633
Other assets, restricted cash	$ 2,222	$ 3,333

Marketable Securities - (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Marketable Securities - (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Investments
Amortized Cost	$ 267,374,000	$ 267,374,000	$ 300,552,000
Gross Unrealized Gain	1,353,000	1,353,000	118,000
Gross Unrealized Loss	(55,000)	(55,000)	(156,000)
Estimated Fair Value	268,672,000	268,672,000	300,514,000
Marketable securities other-than-temporarily impaired		0
Gross realized gains	3,000	70,000
U.S. treasury securities
Investments
Amortized Cost			4,991,000
Estimated Fair Value			4,991,000
Agency bonds
Investments
Amortized Cost	7,342,000	7,342,000	24,437,000
Gross Unrealized Gain	23,000	23,000	15,000
Gross Unrealized Loss			(1,000)
Estimated Fair Value	7,365,000	7,365,000	24,451,000
Corporate bonds
Investments
Amortized Cost	253,052,000	253,052,000	271,124,000
Gross Unrealized Gain	1,330,000	1,330,000	103,000
Gross Unrealized Loss	(55,000)	(55,000)	(155,000)
Estimated Fair Value	254,327,000	254,327,000	$ 271,072,000
Commercial Paper
Investments
Amortized Cost	6,980,000	6,980,000
Estimated Fair Value	$ 6,980,000	$ 6,980,000

Fair Value Measurements - (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Marketable securities	$ 268,672	$ 300,514
Assets transferred from level 1 to level 2	0		$ 0
Assets transferred from level 2 to level 1	0		$ 0
Carrying Amount
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Total financial assets	276,949	319,855
Fair Value \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Total financial assets	8,277	19,341
Fair Value \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Total financial assets	268,672	300,514
Money market funds (cash equivalents) \| Carrying Amount
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Money market funds (cash equivalents)	8,277	19,341
Money market funds (cash equivalents) \| Fair Value \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Money market funds (cash equivalents)	8,277	19,341
U.S. treasury securities \| Carrying Amount
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Marketable securities		4,991
U.S. treasury securities \| Fair Value \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Marketable securities		4,991
Agency bonds \| Carrying Amount
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Marketable securities	7,365	24,451
Agency bonds \| Fair Value \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Marketable securities	7,365	24,451
Corporate bonds \| Carrying Amount
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Marketable securities	254,327	271,072
Corporate bonds \| Fair Value \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Marketable securities	254,327	$ 271,072
Commercial Paper \| Carrying Amount
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Marketable securities	6,980
Commercial Paper \| Fair Value \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair value of the Company’s financial assets
Marketable securities	$ 6,980

Agreement with Eli Lilly and Company - (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Collaborative Arrangements
Revenue		$ 1,583	$ 22,378	$ 4,342
Lilly Agreement
Collaborative Arrangements
Revenue	$ 0	$ 1,600	$ 22,400	$ 4,300

Stock-Based Compensation - Stock options (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	May 03, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
2015 Plan
Number of Shares
Outstanding at the beginning (in shares)		2,170,212
Granted (in shares)		1,105,045
Exercised (in shares)		(53,829)
Cancelled (in shares)		(259)
Forfeitures (in shares)		(71,528)
Outstanding at the end (in shares)		3,149,641	2,170,212
Vested and expected to vest at the end (in shares)		3,149,641
Exercisable at the end (in shares)		1,107,818
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at the beginning (in dollars per share)		$ 6.51
Granted (in dollars per share)		37.34
Exercised (in dollars per share)		2.05
Cancelled (in dollars per share)		7.63
Forfeited (in dollars per share)		23.35
Outstanding at the end (in dollars per share)		17.02	$ 6.51
Vested and expected to vest at the end (in dollars per share)		17.02
Exercisable at the end (in dollars per share)		$ 5.01
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) And Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding (in years)		9 years 1 month 6 days	8 years 7 months 6 days
Granted (in years)		9 years 10 months 24 days
Exercised (in years)		7 years 9 months 18 days
Cancelled (in years)		8 years 8 months 12 days
Forfeited (in years)		9 years 3 months 18 days
Outstanding at the beginning (in dollars)		$ 113,295
Outstanding at the end (in dollars)		6,963	$ 113,295
Vested and expected to vest at the end (in dollars)		6,963
Exercisable at the end (in dollars)		$ 4,755
Weighted average grant date fair value per share of stock options granted		$ 23.40
Aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised		$ 400
Aggregate grant date fair value		33,800	$ 7,600
Share Based Compensation Expense Not Recognized
Unrecognized compensation cost		$ 26,100
Compensation expense recognition period		3 years
Omnibus Incentive Plan
Stock Based Compensation
Number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan	2,900,000
Annual increase in number of share reserved for issuance (as percent)	4.00%
2015 Plan and 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Stock Based Compensation
Vesting period		4 years
Expiration period		10 years
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Stock Based Compensation
Number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan		2,728,278

Stock-Based Compensation - Stock based compensation expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Stock based compensation expense
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 2,372	$ 524	$ 5,567	$ 1,319
Research and development
Stock based compensation expense
Total stock-based compensation expense	897	182	2,245	482
General and administrative
Stock based compensation expense
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,475	$ 342	$ 3,322	$ 837

Stock-Based Compensation - Assumptions (Details)	9 Months Ended
Stock-Based Compensation - Assumptions (Details)	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Fair value assumptions
Expected term		6 years 29 days
Expected volatility		69.70%
Risk free interest rate		1.96%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum
Fair value assumptions
Expected term	5 years 4 months 24 days
Expected volatility	69.70%
Risk free interest rate	0.30%
Maximum
Fair value assumptions
Expected term	6 years 29 days
Expected volatility	81.10%
Risk free interest rate	1.00%

Income Taxes - (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Income Taxes - (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Income Taxes
Provision or benefit from income taxes	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0