ccrn-20200930

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

———————

FORM 10-Q

———————

☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2020

☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the Transition Period From _________ to _________

———————

CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

———————


Delaware	0-33169	13-4066229
(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or organization)	Commission file number	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

6551 Park of Commerce Boulevard, N.W.

Boca Raton, Florida 33487

(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

(561) 998-2232

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

———————

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share	CCRN	The Nasdaq Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☒ Non-accelerated filer ☐

Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition

period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The registrant had outstanding 37,563,384 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, as of October 31, 2020.

INFORMATION RELATING TO FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

In addition to historical information, this Form 10-Q contains statements relating to our future results (including certain projections and business trends) that are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and are subject to the “safe harbor” created by those sections. Forward-looking statements consist of statements that are predictive in nature, depend upon or refer to future events. Words such as “expects”, “anticipates”, “intends”, “plans”, “believes”, “estimates”, “suggests”, "appears", “seeks”, “will”, “could”, and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results and performance to be materially different from any future results or performance expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: the potential impacts of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) on our business, financial condition, and results of operations, our ability to attract and retain qualified nurses, physicians and other healthcare personnel, costs and availability of short-term housing for our travel healthcare professionals, demand for the healthcare services we provide, both nationally and in the regions in which we operate, the functioning of our information systems, the effect of cyber security risks and cyber incidents on our business, the effect of existing or future government regulation and federal and state legislative and enforcement initiatives on our business, our clients’ ability to pay us for our services, our ability to successfully implement our acquisition and development strategies, including our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses and realize synergies from such acquisitions, the effect of liabilities and other claims asserted against us, the effect of competition in the markets we serve, our ability to successfully defend the Company, its subsidiaries, and its officers and directors on the merits of any lawsuit or determine its potential liability, if any, and other factors set forth in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, as filed and updated in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Although we believe that these statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, we cannot guarantee future results and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinions only as of the date of this filing. There can be no assurance that (i) we have correctly measured or identified all of the factors affecting our business or the extent of these factors’ likely impact, (ii) the available information with respect to these factors on which such analysis is based is complete or accurate, (iii) such analysis is correct or (iv) our strategy, which is based in part on this analysis, will be successful. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements.

All references to "the Company", “we”, “us”, “our”, or “Cross Country” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q mean Cross Country Healthcare, Inc., and its consolidated subsidiaries.

CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

INDEX

FORM 10-Q

September 30, 2020


		PAGE

PART I. – FINANCIAL INFORMATION		1

Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	1

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)	1

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)	2

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited)	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)	4

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)	6

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	7

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	36

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	36

PART II. – OTHER INFORMATION		37

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	37

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	37

Item 6.	Exhibits	39

Signatures		40

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited, amounts in thousands)


	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019

Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,446	$	1,032
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $3,752 in 2020 and $3,219 in 2019	168,769		169,528


Prepaid expenses	3,348		6,097
Insurance recovery receivable	4,883		5,011

Other current assets	1,995		1,689
Total current assets	182,441		183,357
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $22,130 in 2020 and $23,276 in 2019	12,363		11,832
Operating lease right-of-use assets	10,526		16,964
Goodwill	90,924		101,066
Trade names, indefinite-lived	5,900		5,900

Other intangible assets, net	36,322		44,957



Other non-current assets	19,362		18,298
Total assets	$	357,838	$	382,374

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	48,619	$	45,726
Accrued compensation and benefits	39,961		31,307







Operating lease liabilities - current	4,732		4,878
Other current liabilities	3,354		3,554
Total current liabilities	96,666		85,465
Revolving credit facility	56,038		70,974

Operating lease liabilities - non-current	15,762		19,070
Non-current deferred tax liabilities	6,874		7,523
Long-term accrued claims	25,677		26,938

Contingent consideration	—		4,867

Other long-term liabilities	7,901		4,037
Total liabilities	208,918		218,874

Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders' equity:
Common stock	4		4
Additional paid-in capital	309,049		305,643
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,294)		(1,240)
Accumulated deficit	(159,349)		(141,775)
Total Cross Country Healthcare, Inc. stockholders' equity	148,410		162,632
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	510		868
Total stockholders' equity	148,920		163,500
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	357,838	$	382,374

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited, amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019

Revenue from services	$	193,968	$	209,200	$	620,811	$	607,128
Operating expenses:
Direct operating expenses	145,965		158,194		472,471		456,280
Selling, general and administrative expenses	40,804		44,407		128,939		136,387
Bad debt expense	946		588		2,383		1,503
Depreciation and amortization	3,247		2,907		10,472		9,448


Acquisition and integration-related costs	—		(426)		77		385
Restructuring costs	2,316		1,607		5,210		2,884
Legal settlement charges	—		—		—		1,600
Impairment charges	1,071		1,804		16,082		16,306
Total operating expenses	194,349		209,081		635,634		624,793
(Loss) income from operations	(381)		119		(14,823)		(17,665)
Other expenses (income):

Interest expense	608		1,398		2,219		4,258
Loss on derivative	—		1,284		—		1,284
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—		94		—		508
Other income, net	(10)		(54)		(46)		(212)
Loss before income taxes	(979)		(2,603)		(16,996)		(23,503)
Income tax expense (benefit)	169		94		(32)		31,840


Consolidated net loss	(1,148)		(2,697)		(16,964)		(55,343)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	186		431		610		1,226
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(1,334)	$	(3,128)	$	(17,574)	$	(56,569)




Net loss per share attributable to common shareholders - Basic and Diluted	$	(0.04)	$	(0.09)	$	(0.49)	$	(1.58)






Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic and Diluted	36,176		35,865		36,058		35,797

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited, amounts in thousands)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Consolidated net loss	$	(1,148)	$	(2,697)	$	(16,964)	$	(55,343)

Other comprehensive income (loss), before income tax:
Unrealized foreign currency translation gain (loss)	33		(29)		(54)		44
Unrealized loss on interest rate contracts	—		(104)		—		(1,078)
Reclassification adjustment to statement of operations	—		1,284		—		1,312
	33		1,151		(54)		278
Taxes on other comprehensive income (loss):
Income tax effect related to unrealized foreign currency translation gain	—		7		—		25
Income tax effect related to unrealized loss on interest rate contracts	—		(325)		—		(571)
Income tax effect related to reclassification adjustment to statement of operations	—		86		—		93
Valuation allowance adjustment	—		292		—		513
	—		60		—		60
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	33		1,091		(54)		218

Comprehensive loss	(1,115)		(1,606)		(17,018)		(55,125)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	186		431		610		1,226
Comprehensive loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(1,301)	$	(2,037)	$	(17,628)	$	(56,351)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

(Unaudited, amounts in thousands)


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net		(Accumulated Deficit) Retained Earnings		Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary		Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Dollars
Balances at June 30, 2020	36,175	$	4	$	307,985	$	(1,327)	$	(158,015)	$	427	$	149,074

Vesting of restricted stock	2	—		—		—		—		—		—
Equity compensation	—	—		1,064		—		—		—		1,064
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of taxes	—	—		—		33		—		—		33

Distribution to noncontrolling shareholder	—	—		—		—		—		(103)		(103)
Net (loss) income	—	—		—		—		(1,334)		186		(1,148)
Balances at September 30, 2020	36,177	$	4	$	309,049	$	(1,294)	$	(159,349)	$	510	$	148,920

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net		(Accumulated Deficit) Retained Earnings		Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary		Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Dollars
Balances at June 30, 2019	35,860	$	4	$	303,795	$	(2,335)	$	(137,503)	$	727	$	164,688
Exercise of share options	2	—		—		—		—		—		—
Vesting of restricted stock	5	—		(13)		—		—		—		(13)
Equity compensation	—	—		982		—		—		—		982

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of taxes	—	—		—		(29)		—		—		(29)
Net change in hedging transaction, net of taxes	—	—		—		1,120		—		—		1,120
Distribution to noncontrolling shareholder	—	—		—		—		—		(404)		(404)
Net (loss) income	—	—		—		—		(3,128)		431		(2,697)
Balances at September 30, 2019	35,867	$	4	$	304,764	$	(1,244)	$	(140,631)	$	754	$	163,647

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

(Unaudited, amounts in thousands)


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net		(Accumulated Deficit) Retained Earnings		Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary		Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Dollars
Balances at December 31, 2019	35,871	$	4	$	305,643	$	(1,240)	$	(141,775)	$	868	$	163,500

Vesting of restricted stock	306	—		(657)		—		—		—		(657)
Equity compensation	—	—		4,063		—		—		—		4,063
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of taxes	—	—		—		(54)		—		—		(54)

Distribution to noncontrolling shareholder	—	—		—		—		—		(968)		(968)
Net (loss) income	—	—		—		—		(17,574)		610		(16,964)
Balances at September 30, 2020	36,177	$	4	$	309,049	$	(1,294)	$	(159,349)	$	510	$	148,920

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net		(Accumulated Deficit) Retained Earnings		Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary		Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Dollars
Balances at December 31, 2018	35,626	$	4	$	303,048	$	(1,462)	$	(84,062)	$	670	$	218,198
Exercise of share options	10	—		—		—		—		—		—
Vesting of restricted stock	231	—		(801)		—		—		—		(801)
Equity compensation	—	—		2,517		—		—		—		2,517

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of taxes	—	—		—		43		—		—		43
Net change in hedging transaction, net of taxes	—	—		—		175		—		—		175
Distribution to noncontrolling shareholder	—	—		—		—		—		(1,142)		(1,142)
Net (loss) income	—	—		—		—		(56,569)		1,226		(55,343)
Balances at September 30, 2019	35,867	$	4	$	304,764	$	(1,244)	$	(140,631)	$	754	$	163,647

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited, amounts in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
Cash flows from operating activities
Consolidated net loss	$	(16,964)	$	(55,343)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	10,472		9,448

Provision for allowances	3,355		2,554
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense	(650)		31,456
Non-cash lease expense	2,932		3,799



Impairment charges	16,082		16,306


Equity compensation	4,063		2,517

Other non-cash costs	460		962
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(2,597)		(6,766)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	291		1,483


Accounts payable and accrued expenses	10,388		7,797
Operating lease liabilities	(4,394)		(4,355)
Other	1,837		1,035
Net cash provided by operating activities	25,275		10,893

Cash flows from investing activities






Purchases of property and equipment	(3,659)		(2,042)


Net cash used in investing activities	(3,659)		(2,042)

Cash flows from financing activities


Principal payments on term loan	—		(12,500)







Borrowings under revolving credit facility	310,965		—
Repayments on revolving credit facility	(325,900)		—





Principal payments on note payable	(2,426)		—
Cash payments to noncontrolling shareholder	(968)		(1,142)

Other	(854)		(1,771)
Net cash used in financing activities	(19,183)		(15,413)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(19)		1
Change in cash and cash equivalents	2,414		(6,561)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	1,032		16,019
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	3,446	$	9,458

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

1. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Nature of Business

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cross Country Healthcare, Inc. and its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the Company). The condensed consolidated financial statements include all assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses of Cross Country Talent Acquisition Group, LLC, which is controlled by the Company but not wholly-owned. The Company records the ownership interest of the noncontrolling shareholder as noncontrolling interest in subsidiary. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of such unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been included. These adjustments consisted of all normal recurring items.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) for complete financial statements. These operating results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020.

These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2019 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC. The December 31, 2019 condensed consolidated balance sheet included herein was derived from the December 31, 2019 audited consolidated balance sheet included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and statements of cash flows, and as presented in Note 11 - Segment Data.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Management has assessed various accounting estimates and other matters, including those that require consideration of forecasted financial information, in context of the unknown future impacts of the current global outbreak of COVID-19 using information that is reasonably available to the Company at the time. Significant estimates and assumptions are used for, but not limited to: (1) the valuation of accounts receivable; (2) goodwill, trade names, and other intangible assets; (3) other long-lived assets; (4) share-based compensation; (5) accruals for health, workers’ compensation, and professional liability claims; (6) valuation of deferred tax assets; (7) legal contingencies; (8) income taxes; and (9) sales and other non-income tax liabilities. Accrued insurance claims and reserves include estimated settlements from known claims and actuarial estimates for claims incurred but not reported. As additional information becomes available to the Company, its future assessment of these estimates, including management's expectations at the time regarding the duration, scope and severity of the pandemic, as well as other factors, could materially and adversely impact the Company's consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Restructuring Costs

The Company considers restructuring activities to be programs whereby it fundamentally changes its operations, such as closing and consolidating facilities, reducing headcount, and realigning operations in response to changing market conditions. As a result, restructuring costs on the consolidated statements of operations primarily include employee termination costs and lease-related exit costs.

Reconciliation of the employee termination costs and lease-related exit costs beginning and ending liability balance is presented below:



	Employee Termination Costs		Lease-Related Exit Costs
	(amounts in thousands)
Balance at January 1, 2020	$	386	$	1,223
Charged to restructuring costs (a)	212		20
Payments	(292)		(76)
Balance at March 31, 2020	306		1,167
Charged to restructuring costs (a)	1,565		535

Payments	(1,096)		(170)
Balance at June 30, 2020	775		1,532
Charged to restructuring costs (a)	353		1,571
Payments	(668)		(256)
Balance at September 30, 2020	$	460	$	2,847

________________

(a) Aside from what is presented in the table above, restructuring costs in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 include: (i) $0.7 million of ongoing lease costs related to the Company's strategic reduction in its real estate footprint which are included as operating lease liabilities - current and non-current in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, (ii) $0.2 million of legal entity reorganization costs, and (iii) $0.1 million of other costs.

The three months ended September 30, 2020 include $0.4 million of ongoing lease costs related to the Company's strategic reduction in its real estate footprint.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on the concepts in the Concepts Statement, including the consideration of costs and benefits. The Company has adopted this guidance prospectively with no material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology under current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires the use of a forward-looking expected credit loss model for accounts receivable, loans, and other financial instruments. The guidance requires a modified retrospective approach through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which it is effective. The Company has adopted this guidance using the modified retrospective approach related to its accounts receivable, resulting in no cumulative adjustment to retained earnings and no material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements. See Note 3 - Customer Contracts.

3. CUSTOMER CONTRACTS

The Company's revenues from customer contracts are generated from temporary staffing services and other services. Revenue is disaggregated by segment in the following table. Sales and usage-based taxes are excluded from revenue.


	Three Months ended September 30, 2020
	Nurse And Allied Staffing		Physician Staffing		Search		Total Segments
	(amounts in thousands)
Temporary Staffing Services	$	169,264	$	15,753	$	—	$	185,017
Other Services	5,980		699		2,272		8,951
Total	$	175,244	$	16,452	$	2,272	$	193,968

	Three Months ended September 30, 2019
	Nurse And Allied Staffing		Physician Staffing		Search		Total Segments
	(amounts in thousands)
Temporary Staffing Services	$	181,640	$	19,236	$	—	$	200,876
Other Services	3,334		1,171		3,819		8,324
Total	$	184,974	$	20,407	$	3,819	$	209,200

	Nine Months ended September 30, 2020
	Nurse And Allied Staffing		Physician Staffing		Search		Total Segments
	(amounts in thousands)
Temporary Staffing Services	$	547,543	$	48,994	$	—	$	596,537
Other Services	14,032		2,511		7,731		24,274
Total	$	561,575	$	51,505	$	7,731	$	620,811

	Nine Months ended September 30, 2019
	Nurse And Allied Staffing		Physician Staffing		Search		Total Segments
	(amounts in thousands)
Temporary Staffing Services	$	532,036	$	51,217	$	—	$	583,253
Other Services	9,362		3,377		11,136		23,875
Total	$	541,398	$	54,594	$	11,136	$	607,128

Accounts Receivable, net

The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and collections results in billed and unbilled accounts receivable from our customers which are classified as accounts receivable on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and are presented net of allowances for doubtful accounts and sales allowances. Estimated revenue for the Company's employees', subcontracted employees', and independent contractors’ time worked but not yet billed at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 totaled $57.3 million and $46.1 million, respectively.

The allowance for doubtful accounts is established for losses expected to be incurred on accounts receivable balances. Accounts receivable are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts when the Company determines amounts are no longer collectible. Judgment is required in the estimation of the allowance and the Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts

receivable and contract assets based on a combination of factors. The Company bases its allowance for doubtful account estimates on its historical write-off experience, current conditions, an analysis of the aging of outstanding receivable and customer payment patterns, and specific reserves for customers in adverse condition adjusted for current expectations for the customers or industry. Based on the information currently available, the Company also considered current expectations of future economic conditions, including the impact of COVID-19, when estimating its allowance for doubtful accounts.

The opening balance of the allowance for doubtful accounts is reconciled to the closing balance for expected credit losses as follows:


Allowance for Doubtful Accounts	(amounts in thousands)
Balance at January 1, 2020	$	2,406
Bad Debt Expense	539
Write-Offs, net of Recoveries	(349)
Balance at March 31, 2020	2,596
Bad Debt Expense	898
Write-Offs, net of Recoveries	(532)
Balance at June 30, 2020	2,962
Bad Debt Expense	946
Write-Offs, net of Recoveries	(800)
Balance at September 30, 2020	$	3,108

In addition to the allowance for doubtful accounts, the Company maintains a sales allowance for billing-related adjustments which may arise in the ordinary course and adjustments to the reserve are recorded as contra-revenue. The balance of this allowance as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $0.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

4. COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

Total comprehensive loss includes net income or loss, foreign currency translation adjustments, and net change in derivative transactions, net of any related deferred taxes and valuation allowance. Certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries use their respective local currency as their functional currency. In accordance with the Foreign Currency Matters Topic of the FASB ASC, assets and liabilities of these operations are translated at the exchange rates in effect on the balance sheet date. Income statement items are translated at the average exchange rates for the period. The cumulative impact of currency fluctuations related to the balance sheet translation is included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and was an unrealized loss of $1.3 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The income tax impact related to components of other comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 is reflected on the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

5. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the components of the numerator and denominator for the computation of the basic and diluted earnings per share:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(amounts in thousands, except per share data)




Numerator:



Net loss attributable to common shareholders - Basic and Diluted	$	(1,334)	$	(3,128)	$	(17,574)	$	(56,569)

Denominator:
Weighted average common shares - Basic	36,176		35,865		36,058		35,797
Effect of diluted shares:
Share-based awards (a)	—		—		—		—

Weighted average common shares - Diluted	36,176		35,865		36,058		35,797




Net loss per share attributable to common shareholders - Basic and Diluted	$	(0.04)	$	(0.09)	$	(0.49)	$	(1.58)

________________

(a) Due to the net loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, 227,821, 252,810, 317,905, and 177,449 shares, respectively, were excluded from diluted weighted average shares. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, no tax benefits were assumed for the potentially dilutive shares due to the Company's net operating loss position.

6. GOODWILL, TRADE NAMES, AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The Company had the following acquired intangible assets:


	September 30, 2020						December 31, 2019
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
	(amounts in thousands)
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Databases	$	30,530	$	14,559	$	15,971	$	30,530	$	12,269	$	18,261
Customer relationships	33,538		13,295		20,243		49,758		26,596		23,162
Non-compete agreements	304		196		108		320		161		159
Trade names	—		—		—		4,500		1,125		3,375
Other intangible assets, net	$	64,372	$	28,050	$	36,322	$	85,108	$	40,151	$	44,957

Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Trade names, indefinite-lived					$	5,900					$	5,900

In the third quarter of 2020, fully amortized intangible assets of $15.0 million related to customer relationships and $4.5 million related to trade names, along with the related accumulated amortization, were removed from the table above. As of September 30, 2020, estimated annual amortization expense is as follows:


Years Ending December 31:	(amounts in thousands)
2020	$	1,491
2021	5,963
2022	5,933
2023	5,875
2024	5,238
Thereafter	11,822
	$	36,322

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment are as follows:


	Nurse And Allied Staffing		Physician Staffing		Search		Total
	(amounts in thousands)
Balances as of December 31, 2019
Aggregate goodwill acquired	$	346,130	$	43,405	$	21,750	$	411,285
Sale of business	—		—		(9,889)		(9,889)
Accumulated impairment loss	(259,732)		(40,598)		—		(300,330)
Goodwill, net of impairment loss	86,398		2,807		11,861		101,066

Changes to aggregate goodwill in 2020
Impairment charges	—		—		(10,142)		(10,142)
Reclassification of API goodwill	24		—		(24)		—

Balances as of September 30, 2020
Aggregate goodwill acquired	346,130		43,405		21,750		411,285

Sale of business	—		—		(9,889)		(9,889)
Accumulated impairment loss	(259,732)		(40,598)		(10,142)		(310,472)
Reclassification of API goodwill	24		—		(24)		—
Goodwill, net of impairment loss	$	86,422	$	2,807	$	1,695	$	90,924

Goodwill, Trade Names, and Other Intangible Assets Impairment

The Company tests reporting units’ goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment annually during the fourth quarter and more frequently if impairment indicators exist. The Company performs quarterly qualitative assessments of significant events and circumstances such as reporting units’ historical and current results, assumptions regarding future performance, strategic initiatives and overall economic factors, including COVID-19, and macro-economic developments, to determine the existence of potential indicators of impairment and assess if it is more likely than not that the fair value of reporting units or intangible assets is less than their carrying value. If indicators of impairments are identified a quantitative impairment test is performed.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company performed a qualitative assessment of each of its reporting units and determined it was not more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting units dropped below their carrying value.

During the second quarter of 2020, due to the increased negative impact and continuing uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic on the business, all reporting units were quantitatively tested. For the Nurse and Allied Staffing and Physician Staffing reporting units, no impairment was identified as the fair value was substantially in excess of the carrying amount of goodwill.

The Search reporting unit under-performed relative to management’s expectations in the second quarter of 2020. The lower than expected revenue was driven by: (i) the cancellation or postponement of a significant number of working searches, (ii) the decision to delay the hiring of new revenue producers, and (iii) the loss of customers, which were mostly related to the negative impacts of COVID-19. As a result, the quantitative testing of the Search reporting unit resulted in impairment charges of $10.2 million for its goodwill and $0.3 million for its customer relationships.

In order to determine the fair value of the Search reporting unit, the Company used a combination of an income and market approach. The weighting was based on the specific characteristics, risks, and uncertainties of the Search reporting unit. The discounted cash flow that served as the primary basis for the income approach was based on the Company’s discrete financial forecast of revenue, gross profit margins, operating costs, and cash flows. It also considered estimated future results, economic and market conditions including the timing and duration of COVID-19, as well as the impact of planned business and operational strategies. Assumptions used in the market approach were derived including an analysis of a range of valuation multiples of comparable public companies.

Impairment charges on the condensed consolidated statements of operations include impairment of $10.7 million related to goodwill and other intangible assets and $5.4 million related to right-of-use assets and related property and equipment, and totaled $16.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Although management believes that the Company's current estimates and assumptions utilized in its quantitative testing are reasonable and supportable, including its assumptions on the impact and timing related to COVID-19, there can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions management used for purposes of its qualitative assessment as of September 30, 2020 will prove to be accurate predictions of future performance.

As part of evolving its go-to-market strategy, in the second quarter of 2019, the Company began eliminating certain brands across all of its segments. The Company’s rebranding efforts resulted in a $14.5 million write-off of indefinite-lived trade names related to its Nurse and Allied Staffing business segment, which is presented within impairment charges on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Intangible Asset Amortization

In connection with its rebranding efforts, the Company made a decision at the end of 2019 to phase out a trade name by the end of 2020, which as of December 31, 2019 would have been recognized over a weighted average life of 7.5 years. In connection with this decision, the Company expected accelerated amortization related to the trade name of $2.9 million throughout 2020. In the second quarter of 2020, the Company further accelerated its rebranding plan and shortened the estimated remaining life of the trade name. Total accelerated amortization resulting from the changes in the estimated remaining life of the trade name were $0.9 million, or $0.03 per share, and $3.1 million, or $0.09 per share, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

7. DEBT

2019 ABL Credit Agreement

Effective October 25, 2019, the Company terminated its commitments under its prior senior credit facility entered into in August 2017 (described below) and entered into an ABL Credit Agreement (Loan Agreement). The Loan Agreement provided for a five-year revolving senior secured asset-based credit facility (ABL) in the aggregate principal amount of up to $120.0 million (as described below), including a sublimit for swing loans up to $15.0 million and a $35.0 million sublimit for standby letters of credit.

On June 30, 2020, the Company amended its Loan Agreement, which increased the current aggregate committed size of the ABL from $120.0 million to $130.0 million. All other terms, conditions, covenants, and pricing of the Loan Agreement remain the same. The amendment was treated as a modification of debt and, as a result, the associated fees and costs of $0.1 million were included in debt issuance costs and will be amortized ratably over the remaining term of the agreement.

Availability of the ABL commitments is subject to a borrowing base of up to 85% of secured eligible accounts receivable, subject to adjustment at certain quality levels, plus an amount of supplemental availability, and reducing over time in accordance with the terms of the Loan Agreement, minus customary reserves, and subject to customary adjustments. Revolving loans and letters of credit issued under the Loan Agreement reduce availability under the ABL on a dollar-for-dollar basis. Availability under the ABL will be used for general corporate purposes. Additionally, the facility contains a provision to increase the aggregate committed size of the facility to $150.0 million. At September 30, 2020, availability under the ABL was $110.2 million and the Company had $56.0 million of borrowings drawn, as well as $19.5 million of letters of credit outstanding related to workers' compensation and professional liability policies, leaving $34.7 million available for borrowing. The balances drawn are presented as revolving credit facility on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 had a weighted average interest rate of 2.70% and 4.23%, respectively.

As of September 30, 2020, the interest rate spreads and fees under the Loan Agreement were based on LIBOR plus 2.00% for the revolving portion of the borrowing base and LIBOR plus 4.00% on the Supplemental Availability. The Base Rate (as defined by the Loan Agreement) margins would have been 1.00% and 3.00%, respectively, for the revolving portion and Supplemental Availability, respectively. The LIBOR and Base Rate margins are subject to monthly pricing adjustments, pursuant to a pricing matrix based on the Company’s excess availability under the revolving credit facility. In addition, the facility is subject to an unused line fee, letter of credit fees, and an administrative fee. The unused line fee is 0.375% of the average daily unused portion of the revolving credit facility.

The Loan Agreement contains various restrictions and covenants applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries, including a covenant to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. The Company was in compliance with this covenant as of September 30, 2020. Obligations under the ABL are secured by substantially all the assets of the borrowers and guarantors, subject to customary exceptions.

Prior Senior Credit Facility

The Company had a prior senior credit facility that included a revolver and term loan. The term loan was payable in quarterly installments and the Company had the right at any time to prepay borrowings in whole or in part, without premium or penalty. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company made optional prepayments on the term loan of $12.5 million.

Also, in both the first and third quarter of 2019, the Company amended its prior senior credit facility to reduce the commitment under the revolving credit facility, among other changes. Each of the amendments were treated as modifications and the fees of $0.7 million paid to its lenders were classified as debt issuance costs.

As a result of the reduction in borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility, as well as the reduction in the term loan due to the prepayments in the nine months ended September 30, 2019, $0.5 million of debt issuance costs were written off. The amount of the write-off is reflected as loss on early extinguishment of debt on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

In the third quarter of 2019, in contemplation of entering into the Loan Agreement, the Company terminated its interest rate swap agreement associated with its prior senior credit facility by making a cash payment of $1.3 million. As the interest payments related to the swap were no longer expected to occur, the unrealized amount of loss that had accumulated in other comprehensive loss was recognized, resulting in a $1.3 million loss on derivative in the third quarter of 2019.

Note Payable

On October 30, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the membership interests of New Mediscan II, LLC, Mediscan Diagnostic Services, LLC, and Mediscan Nursing Staffing, LLC (collectively, Mediscan). In connection with the Mediscan acquisition, the Company assumed contingent purchase price liabilities for a previously acquired business that were payable annually based on certain performance criteria for the years 2016 through 2019, and a second performance criteria related to 2019 payable in three equal installments. Pursuant to the asset purchase agreement, once the earnout amount related to the second performance criteria for 2019 was determined, a note payable documenting the remaining principal and interest was specified as part of the settlement. In the first quarter of 2020, the total earnout amount related to both 2019 performance criterion of $7.4 million was determined, and $0.1 million was paid by the Company. Pursuant to the note payable, the first installment of $2.4 million was paid in the second quarter of 2020, the second installment of $2.4 million is payable on January 31, 2021, and the third installment of $2.5 million is to be paid, together with interest at a rate of 2% per annum, accruing from April 1, 2020, on January 31, 2022. As of September 30, 2020, the current portion of the note payable in the amount of $2.4 million is included in other current liabilities and the long-term portion of $2.5 million is included in other long-term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

8. LEASES

The Company's lease population of its right-of-use asset and lease liabilities under the Leases Topic of the FASB ASC is substantially related to the rental of office space. The Company enters into lease agreements as lessee for the rental of office space for both its corporate and branch locations that may include options to extend or terminate early. Many of these real estate leases require variable payments of property taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance, in addition to base rent. Certain of the leases have provisions for free rent months during the lease term and/or escalating rent payments and, particularly for the Company’s longer-term leases for its corporate offices, it has received incentives to enter into the leases such as receiving up to a specified dollar amount to construct tenant improvements. These leases do not include residual value guarantees, covenants, or other restrictions.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, in connection with the continuing developments from COVID-19, the Company expedited restructuring plans and either reduced or fully vacated leased office space. The Company is in the process of seeking to sublet some of the space where possible. The decision and change in the use of space resulted in a right-of-use asset impairment charge of $4.4 million. This loss was determined by comparing the fair value of the impacted right-of-use assets to the carrying value of the assets as of the impairment measurement date, in accordance with the Property, Plant and Equipment Topic of the FASB ASC. The fair value of the right-of-use assets was based on the estimated sublease income for the space taking into consideration the time period it will take to obtain a subtenant, the applicable discount rate, and the sublease rate. The Company wrote off a total of $1.0 million of leasehold improvements and other property and equipment related to these locations. The measurement of the right-of-use asset impairments, using the assumptions described, is a Level 3 measurement.

The table below presents the lease-related assets and liabilities included on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:


Classification on Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
	(amounts in thousands)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	10,526	$	16,964
Operating lease liabilities - current	$	4,732	$	4,878
Operating lease liabilities - non-current	$	15,762	$	19,070


	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term	4.2 years		4.7 years
Weighted average discount rate	6.28	%	6.26	%

The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for each of the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities (which do not include short-term leases) recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2020:


Years Ending December 31:	(amounts in thousands)
2020	$	992
2021	6,246
2022	5,334
2023	4,858
2024	3,487
Thereafter	2,553
Total minimum lease payments	23,470
Less: amount of lease payments representing interest	(2,976)
Present value of future minimum lease payments	20,494
Less: current lease obligations	(4,732)
Non-current lease obligations	$	15,762

Other Information

The table below provides information regarding supplemental cash flows:


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
	(amounts in thousands)
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	5,404	$	5,619
Right-of-use assets acquired under operating lease	$	915	$	872

The components of lease expense are as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
	(amounts in thousands)
Amounts Included in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:
Operating lease expense	$	1,006	$	1,646
Short-term lease expense	$	1,077	$	2,124
Variable and other lease costs	$	444	$	598

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019
	(amounts in thousands)
Amounts Included in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:
Operating lease expense	$	3,946	$	5,038
Short-term lease expense	$	4,373	$	6,232
Variable and other lease costs	$	1,490	$	1,975

Operating lease expense, short-term lease expense, and variable and other lease costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses, direct operating expenses, and restructuring costs in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, depending on the nature of the leased asset. Operating lease expense is reported net of sublease income, which is not material.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company does not have any material operating leases which have not yet commenced. The Company has an immaterial amount of finance lease contracts related to other equipment rentals which are not included in the above disclosures.

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the FASB ASC defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. This topic also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

The Company’s financial assets/liabilities required to be measured on a recurring basis were its: (1) deferred compensation asset included in other non-current assets; (2) deferred compensation liability included in other long-term liabilities; and (3) contingent consideration liabilities included as other current liabilities and contingent consideration on its condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Deferred compensation—The Company utilizes Level 1 inputs to value its deferred compensation assets and liabilities. The Company’s deferred compensation assets and liabilities are measured using publicly available indices, as per the plan documents.

Contingent consideration liabilities—Potential earnout payments related to the acquisition of Mediscan were contingent upon meeting certain performance requirements through 2019. As of December 31, 2019, the long-term portion of these liabilities has been included in contingent consideration, and the short-term portion is included in other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company utilized Level 3 inputs to value these contingent consideration liabilities as significant unobservable inputs were used in the calculation of their fair value. As of December 31, 2019, due to the end of the earnout period, the Company measured the fair value of the liability based on the expected payout related to its Mediscan acquisition.

In the first quarter of 2020, the total earnout amounts related to 2019 of $7.4 million was determined, and $0.1 million was paid by the Company. The remaining $7.3 million was documented as a subordinated promissory note payable and is included in other current and other long-term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets which is not measured at fair value on a recurring basis. See Note 7 - Debt.

The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis is as follows:

Fair Value Measurements


	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019



	(amounts in thousands)
Financial Assets:
(Level 1)
Deferred compensation asset	$	990	$	830
Financial Liabilities:
(Level 1)
Deferred compensation liability	$	2,249	$	2,216


(Level 3)
Contingent consideration liabilities	$	—	$	7,300

The opening balances of contingent consideration liabilities are reconciled to the closing balances for fair value measurements of these liabilities categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:


	Contingent Consideration
	Liabilities
	2020		2019
	(amounts in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	7,300	$	7,689


Payments	(100)		(100)
Accretion expense	—		247
Valuation adjustment	77		—
Reclassification to other current and long-term liabilities	(7,277)		—
Balance at March 31	—		7,836
Accretion expense	—		253
Balance at June 30	—		8,089
Payments	—		(179)
Valuation adjustment	—		(426)
Balance at September 30	$	—	$	7,484

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis:

The Company's non-financial assets, such as goodwill, trade names, other intangible assets, right-of-use assets, and property and equipment, are measured at fair value when there is an indicator of impairment and are recorded at fair value only when an impairment charge is recognized.

During 2020, the Company recorded a customer list impairment charge related to the Nurse and Allied Staffing reporting unit. The nine months ended September 30, 2020 included impairment charges to goodwill and other intangible assets related to the Search reporting unit and impairment to right-of-use assets along with related property and equipment in connection with leases that were vacated during the year. Accordingly, as of September 30, 2020, these assets were recorded at fair value using Level 3 inputs. See Note 6 - Goodwill, Trade Names, and Other Intangible Assets and Note 8 - Leases for more information about these fair value measurements.

Other Fair Value Disclosures:

Financial instruments not measured or recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable and accrued expenses. The estimated fair value of accounts receivable and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their carrying amount due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The Company’s note payable is included in other current and long-term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Due to its relatively short-term nature, the carrying value of the note payable approximates its fair value. The carrying amount of the Company's ABL approximates fair value because the interest rates are variable and reflective of market rates.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair value of the Company’s significant financial instruments that were not measured at fair value are as follows:


	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Financial Liabilities:			(amounts in thousands)
(Level 2)


Note Payable	$	4,851	$	4,851	$	—	$	—
Senior Secured Asset-Based Loan	$	56,038	$	56,038	$	70,974	$	70,974

Concentration of Credit Risk:

See discussion of credit losses and allowance for doubtful accounts in Note 3 - Customer Contracts. Overall, based on the large number of customers in differing geographic areas, primarily throughout the United States and its territories, the Company believes the concentration of credit risk is limited.

10. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Stock Repurchase Program

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its Common Stock. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had 510,004 shares of Common Stock under the current share repurchase program available to repurchase, subject to certain conditions in the Company's Loan Agreement.

Share-Based Payments

On May 19, 2020, the Company's shareholders approved the Cross Country Healthcare, Inc. 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan (2020 Plan), which replaced the 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (2017 Plan), and applies to awards granted after May 19, 2020. The remaining shares under the 2017 Plan were cancelled and no further awards will be granted under that plan. The 2020 Plan generally mirrors the terms of the 2017 Plan, and includes the following provisions: (i) an aggregate share reserve of 3,000,000 shares; (2) annual dollar and share limits of awards granted to employees and consultants, as well as non-employee directors,

based on type of award; (3) awards granted generally will be subject to a minimum one-year vesting schedule; and (4) awards may be granted under the 2020 Plan until March 24, 2030.

The following table summarizes restricted stock awards and performance stock awards activity issued under the 2017 Plan and the 2020 Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2020:


	Restricted Stock Awards			Performance Stock Awards
	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Number of Target Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested restricted stock awards, January 1, 2020	996,794	$	8.54	364,557	$	9.66
Granted	829,023	$	6.65	286,415	$	6.74
Vested	(404,478)	$	8.81	—	$	—
Forfeited	(35,234)	$	7.81	(70,113)	$	13.67
Unvested restricted stock awards, September 30, 2020	1,386,105	$	7.05	580,859	$	7.74

Restricted stock awards granted under the Company’s 2020 Plan entitle the holder to receive, at the end of a vesting period, a specified number of shares of the Company’s common stock. Share-based compensation expense is measured by the market value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant.

Awards granted to non-employee directors under the 2017 Plan prior to the June 2020 grant vest in three equal installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date, while restricted shares granted under the 2020 Plan in June 2020 will vest on the first anniversary of such grant date, or earlier subject to retirement eligibility. In addition, effective in the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company implemented modified guidelines that provide for accelerated vesting of restricted stock grants on the last date of service when a retirement-eligible director retires.

Pursuant to the 2017 Plan, the number of target shares that are issued for performance-based stock awards are determined based on the level of attainment of the targets. In the first quarter of 2020, it was determined that the performance stock awards that were granted in 2017 were not earned and, accordingly, those shares were forfeited.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $1.1 million and $4.1 million, respectively, was included in selling, general and administrative expenses related to share-based payments, and a net of 2,576 and 306,550 shares, respectively, of Common Stock were issued upon the vesting of restricted stock.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, $1.0 million and $2.5 million, respectively, was included in selling, general and administrative expenses related to share-based payments, and a net of 5,233 and 230,986 shares, respectively, of Common Stock were issued upon the vesting of restricted stock.

11. SEGMENT DATA

In accordance with the Segment Reporting Topic of the FASB ASC, the Company reports three business segments – Nurse and Allied Staffing, Physician Staffing, and Search. The Company manages and segments its business based on the services it offers to its customers as described below:

● Nurse and Allied Staffing – Nurse and Allied Staffing provides traditional staffing, recruiting, and value-added total talent solutions including: temporary and permanent placement of travel and local branch-based nurse and allied professionals, managed services programs (MSP) services, education healthcare services, and outsourcing services. Its clients include: public and private acute-care and non-acute care hospitals, government facilities, public schools and charter schools, outpatient clinics, ambulatory care facilities, physician practice groups, retailers, and many other healthcare providers throughout the United States.

● Physician Staffing – Physician Staffing provides physicians in many specialties, as well as certified registered nurse anesthetists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants as independent contractors on temporary assignments throughout the United States at various healthcare facilities, such as acute and non-acute care facilities, medical group practices, government facilities, and managed care organizations.

● Search – Search includes retained and contingent search services for physicians, healthcare executives, and other healthcare professionals, as well as recruitment process outsourcing.

The Company evaluates performance of each segment primarily based on revenue and contribution income. The Company defines contribution income as income or loss from operations before depreciation and amortization, acquisition and integration-related costs, restructuring costs, legal settlement charges, impairment charges, and corporate overhead. Contribution income is a financial measure used by the Company when assessing segment performance and is provided in accordance with the Segment Reporting Topic of the FASB ASC. The Company does not evaluate, manage, or measure performance of segments using asset information; accordingly, total asset information by segment is not prepared or disclosed. The information in the following table is derived from the segments’ internal financial information as used for corporate management purposes. Certain corporate expenses are not allocated to and/or among the operating segments.

Information on operating segments and a reconciliation to loss from operations for the periods indicated are as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(amounts in thousands)
Revenue from services:
Nurse and Allied Staffing	$	175,244	$	184,974	$	561,575	$	541,398
Physician Staffing	16,452		20,407		51,505		54,594
Search	2,272		3,819		7,731		11,136
	$	193,968	$	209,200	$	620,811	$	607,128

Contribution income (loss):
Nurse and Allied Staffing	$	18,233	$	16,097	$	53,028	$	46,504
Physician Staffing	827		811		2,677		1,724
Search	(308)		78		(1,694)		(526)
	18,752		16,986		54,011		47,702

Corporate overhead (a)	12,499		10,975		36,993		34,744
Depreciation and amortization	3,247		2,907		10,472		9,448



Acquisition and integration-related costs	—		(426)		77		385
Restructuring costs	2,316		1,607		5,210		2,884
Legal settlement charges	—		—		—		1,600
Impairment charges	1,071		1,804		16,082		16,306
(Loss) income from operations	$	(381)	$	119	$	(14,823)	$	(17,665)

_______________

(a) Corporate overhead includes unallocated executive leadership and other centralized corporate functional support costs such as finance, IT, legal, human resources, and marketing, as well as public company expenses and corporate-wide projects (initiatives).

12. CONTINGENCIES

Legal Proceedings and Other Reserves

From time to time, the Company is involved in various litigation, claims, investigations, and other proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of its business. These matters primarily relate to employee-related matters that include individual and collective claims, professional liability, tax, and payroll practices. The Company establishes reserves when available information indicates that a loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. For these matters, the Company has established a liability of $1.2 million as of September 30, 2020. These assessments are performed at least quarterly and are based on the information available to management at the time and involve a significant management judgment to determine the probability and estimated amount of potential losses, if any. Based on the available information considered in its reviews, the Company adjusts its loss contingency accruals and its disclosures as may be required. Actual outcomes or losses may differ materially from those estimated by the Company's current assessments, including available insurance recoveries, which would impact the Company's profitability. Adverse developments in existing litigation claims or legal proceedings involving the Company or new claims could require management to establish or increase litigation reserves or enter into unfavorable settlements or satisfy judgments for monetary damages for amounts in excess of current reserves, which could adversely affect the Company's financial results. In October 2019, the Company received a grand jury subpoena directed to Advantage On Call whose assets were purchased by Cross Country Healthcare, Inc. in 2017. The subpoena relates to an investigation of healthcare staffing services. The Company has communicated with authorities, provided requested documents, and continues to cooperate with the investigation. The Company believes the outcome of any outstanding loss contingencies as of September 30, 2020 will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Sales and Other State Non-Income Tax Liabilities

The Company's sales and other state non-income tax filings are subject to routine audits by authorities in the jurisdictions where it conducts business in the United States which may result in assessments of additional taxes. The Company accrues sales and other non-income tax liabilities based on the Company's best estimate of its probable liability utilizing currently available information and interpretation of relevant tax regulations. Given the nature of the Company's business, significant subjectivity exists as to both whether sales and other state non-income taxes can be assessed on its activity and how the sales tax will ultimately be measured by the relevant jurisdictions. The Company makes a determination for each reporting period whether the estimates for sales and other non-income taxes in certain states should be revised. The expense is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations and the liability is reflected in sales tax payable within other current liabilities as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, in its condensed consolidated balance sheets.

13. INCOME TAXES

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company calculated its effective tax rate based on year-to-date results, pursuant to the Income Taxes Topic of the FASB ASC. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was negative 17.2% and 0.2%, respectively, including the impact of discrete items. Excluding discrete items, the Company's effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was negative 18.6% and negative 3.2%, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was negative 3.6% and negative 135.5%, respectively, including the impact of discrete items. Excluding discrete items, the Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was negative 7.0% and 2.6%, respectively.

As a result of the Company's valuation allowance on substantially all of its domestic deferred tax assets, income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was primarily impacted by international and state taxes. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was further impacted by the impairment of indefinite-lived intangibles. Lastly, income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was impacted by the additional valuation allowance recorded in the second quarter of 2019.

In the second quarter of 2019, management assessed the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income would be generated to permit use of the Company's existing deferred tax assets. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss incurred over the three-year period ended June 30, 2019. On the basis of this evaluation, an additional valuation allowance of $36.0 million was recorded, of which $35.8 million was recorded as income tax expense and $0.2 million as a reduction of other comprehensive income, to reduce the portion of the deferred tax asset that was not more likely than not to be realized.

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, also known as the CARES Act, was signed into law on March 27, 2020. Among other things, the CARES Act provided for an immediate refund of Alternative Minimum Tax credits as compared to the 2017 Tax Act’s scheduled refunds through 2021. Accordingly, an additional $0.3 million is presented as a current income tax receivable within other current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2020.

The Company intends to maintain a valuation allowance until sufficient positive evidence exists to support its reversal. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had a valuation allowance of $39.5 million and $37.3 million, respectively. The valuation allowance applied to all domestic deferred tax assets other than certain deferred tax assets expected to be realized.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company had approximately $0.9 million of unrecognized tax benefits included in other long-term liabilities, $6.8 million, net of deferred taxes, which would affect the effective tax rate if recognized. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company increased its unrecognized tax benefits by $0.2 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company had a gross increase of $0.9 million to its current year unrecognized tax benefits related to federal and state tax provisions.

The tax years 2012 through 2019 remain open to examination by certain taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject to tax.

14. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company has a 68% ownership interest in Cross Country Talent Acquisition Group, LLC, a joint venture between the Company and a hospital system. The Company generated revenue providing staffing services to the hospital system of $3.6 million and $11.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $6.3 million and $18.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had a receivable balance of $1.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively, and a payable balance of $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively. In October 2020, the Company was informed that the sole professional staffing services agreement held by its joint venture Cross Country Talent Acquisition Group, LLC will be terminated as of December 31, 2020. Accordingly, the Company currently anticipates that Cross Country Talent Acquisition Group, LLC will be dissolved, and that the Company will enter into a direct staffing agreement with the hospital system. See Note 16 - Subsequent Events.

The Company has entered into an arrangement for digital marketing services provided by a firm that is related to Mr. Clark, the Company's Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Clark is a minority shareholder in the firm's parent company and is a member of the parent company's Board of Directors. The terms of the arrangement are equivalent to those prevailing in an arm's-length transaction and have been approved by the Company through its related party process. The digital marketing firm manages a limited number of digital publishers covering various Company brands for a monthly management fee. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company incurred less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and incurred less than $0.1 million for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, in expenses related to these fees. At September 30, 2020, the Company had a payable balance of less than $0.1 million.

In the first quarter of 2020, the Company entered into a note payable related to contingent consideration assumed as part of a prior period acquisition. The payees of the note are controlled by an employee of the sellers who remained with the Company. The note payable has a balance of $4.9 million at September 30, 2020. See Note 7 - Debt.

15. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

On March 12, 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. When elected, the optional expedients for contract modifications must be applied consistently for all eligible contracts or transactions. The amendments in this update are effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. As of September 30, 2020, the Company is not impacted by this guidance; however, it will continue to assess the potential impact on its debt contracts and future hedging relationships, if applicable, through the effective period.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in this update simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. For public business entities, the amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, and should be applied either on a

prospective, retrospective, or modified retrospective basis depending on the amendment. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted. The Company expects to adopt this standard in its first quarter of 2021 with no material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

See Note 14 - Related Party Transactions for further discussion of the termination of the sole professional staffing services agreement between Cross Country Talent Acquisition Group, LLC and a hospital system.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The purpose of the following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) is to help facilitate the understanding of significant factors influencing the quarterly operating results, financial condition, and cash flows of the Company. Additionally, the MD&A also conveys our current expectations of the potential impact of known trends, events, or uncertainties that may impact future results. MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, our financial statements and the accompanying notes to our financial statements, as well as the Item 1A. Risk Factors contained herein.

Business Overview

We provide total talent management services, including strategic workforce solutions, contingent staffing, permanent placement and other consultative services for healthcare clients. We recruit and place highly qualified healthcare professionals in virtually every specialty and area of expertise. Our diverse client base includes both clinical and nonclinical settings, servicing acute care hospitals, physician practice groups, outpatient and ambulatory-care centers, nursing facilities, both public schools and charter schools, rehabilitation and sports medicine clinics, government facilities, and homecare. Through our national staffing teams and network of office locations, we offer our workforce solutions and we can place clinicians on travel and per diem assignments, local short-term contracts and permanent positions. Our workforce solutions include managed service programs (MSPs), electronic medical record (EMR) transition staffing, recruitment process outsourcing (RPO), internal resource pool (IRP), and other outsourcing and consultative services as described in Item 1. Business in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. By utilizing our various solutions, clients can better plan their personnel needs, talent acquisition and management processes, strategically flex and balance their workforce, access quality healthcare personnel, and provide continuity of care for improved patient outcomes.

We manage and segment our business based on the nature of the services we offer to our customers. As a result, in accordance with the Segment Reporting Topic of the FASB ASC, we report three business segments – Nurse and Allied Staffing, Physician Staffing, and Search.

● Nurse and Allied Staffing – Nurse and Allied Staffing represented approximately 90% of our total revenue in the third quarter of 2020. The Nurse and Allied Staffing segment provides workforce solutions and traditional staffing, including temporary and permanent placement of travel nurses and allied professionals, as well as per diem and contract nurses and allied personnel. We also staff healthcare personnel and substitute teachers in public and charter schools. We provide flexible workforce solutions to our healthcare clients through diversified offerings designed to meet their unique needs, including MSP, optimal workforce solutions (OWS), EMR, IRP and consulting services.

● Physician Staffing – Physician Staffing represented approximately 9% of our total revenue in the third quarter of 2020. Physician Staffing provides physicians in many specialties, as well as certified registered nurse anesthetists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants as independent contractors on temporary assignments throughout the United States.

● Search – Search represented approximately 1% of our total revenue in the third quarter of 2020. Search includes retained and contingent search services for physicians, healthcare executives, and other healthcare professionals, as well as RPO.

Summary of Operations

For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, revenue from services decreased 7% year-over-year to $194.0 million, due to volume declines across all businesses due to COVID-19, resulting in an 8% decrease in direct operating expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses also decreased $3.6 million or 8% year-over-year driven by reductions in headcount and the closure of offices as part of our cost savings program. Net loss attributable to common shareholders in the third quarter of 2020 was $1.3 million as compared to a net loss of $3.1 million in the prior year. Profitability in the current quarter was impacted by $2.3 million of restructuring costs, and $1.1 million of non-cash impairment charges. Profitability in the third quarter of 2019 was impacted by $1.6 million of restructuring costs, $1.8 million of non-cash impairment charges, and $1.3 million loss on derivative.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we generated cash flow from operating activities of $25.3 million and repaid a net of $14.9 million on our senior-secured asset-based credit facility (ABL). As of September 30, 2020, we had $3.4 million of cash and cash equivalents, and availability under the ABL of $110.2 million, with $56.0 million of borrowings drawn under our ABL, and $19.5 million of undrawn letters of credit outstanding, leaving $34.7 million available for borrowing.

COVID-19 Response

Following the initial surge from COVID-19 in early March and the early part of the second quarter of 2020, orders declined and bottomed out by the end of May. Towards the end of the second quarter, demand continued to climb throughout the month of June, reaching a peak again in late July. In comparison to the initial surge where orders were concentrated in select metropolitan cities on the east coast, California, the Pacific Northwest, and Midwest, the second and third waves experienced during most of the third quarter and continuing into the fourth quarter were located in states not previously impacted as severely by the pandemic. While not as material as incremental revenue generated during the second quarter, the incremental revenue generated during the third quarter more than offset other COVID-19 related declines across much of our business. From a demand perspective, we have seen an unprecedented level of volatility in the second and third quarters of 2020, with orders first rising as the pandemic unfolded, and then falling sharply as hospitals nationwide experienced lower census and mandatory deferrals of elective procedures, then rising again as the second and third waves of the pandemic hit.

As hospitals look to contingent labor to help support their staffing needs in this highly volatile environment, they are doing so with an increased focus on cost containment. As a result, we have seen a shorter length of assignments for certain COVID-19 related orders than our typical pre-COVID-19 length of approximately thirteen weeks. In addition, while bill rates reached a peak during the second quarter as the market demanded premium pay, they began to decline during the latter part of the second quarter and into the third quarter. Overall bill rates, on average, were lower in the third quarter compared to the second quarter as the emergent acuity of the pandemic began to soften, while remaining above our normal pre-COVID-19 average levels.

We ended the quarter with cash of $3.4 million and $34.7 million available for borrowing. We do not expect the future impacts of COVID-19 to have a significant impact on our ability to generate operating cash flows, to borrow available funds under our ABL, or to maintain compliance with our financial covenants under our revolving credit facility.

The pandemic has provided us an opportunity to accelerate plans of integrating and optimizing our operations, driven by the closure of a significant number of offices and reductions in headcount. These cost reductions have been enabled by our demonstrated ability to work remotely. Additionally, during the quarter, we implemented our new applicant tracking system for our travel nurse business, which we believe will create further operational efficiencies, enhanced productivity, and a world-class candidate experience.

Refer to Item 1A. Risk Factors for further discussion about potential additional risks and uncertainties.

See Results of Operations, Segment Results, and Liquidity and Capital Resources sections that follow for further information.

Operating Metrics

We evaluate our financial condition by tracking operating metrics and financial results specific to each of our segments. Key operating metrics include hours worked, days filled, number of contract personnel on a full-time equivalent basis (FTE)s, revenue per FTE, and revenue per day filled. Other operating metrics include number of open orders, candidate applications, contract bookings, length of assignment, bill and pay rates, and renewal and fill rates, number of active searches, and number of placements. These operating metrics are representative of trends that assist management in evaluating business performance. Some of the segment financial results analyzed include revenue, operating expenses, and contribution income. In addition, we monitor cash flow as well as operating and leverage ratios to help us assess our liquidity needs.


Business Segment			Business Measurement
Nurse and Allied Staffing			FTEs represent the average number of Nurse and Allied Staffing contract personnel on a full-time equivalent basis.
			Average revenue per FTE per day is calculated by dividing the Nurse and Allied Staffing revenue per FTE by the number of days worked in the respective periods. Nurse and Allied Staffing revenue also includes revenue from the permanent placement of nurses.
Physician Staffing			Days filled is calculated by dividing the total hours invoiced during the period, including an estimate for the impact of accrued revenue, by 8 hours.
			Revenue per day filled is calculated by dividing revenue as reported by days filled for the period presented.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes, for the periods indicated, selected condensed consolidated statements of operations data expressed as a percentage of revenue. Our historical results of operations are not necessarily indicative of future operating results.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Revenue from services	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%
Direct operating expenses	75.2		75.6		76.1		75.1
Selling, general and administrative expenses	21.0		21.2		20.8		22.5
Bad debt expense	0.5		0.3		0.4		0.2
Depreciation and amortization	1.7		1.4		1.7		1.6


Acquisition and integration-related costs	—		(0.2)		—		—
Restructuring costs	1.2		0.8		0.8		0.5
Legal settlement charges	—		—		—		0.3
Impairment charges	0.6		0.8		2.6		2.7
(Loss) income from operations	(0.2)		0.1		(2.4)		(2.9)

Interest expense	0.3		0.7		0.3		0.7
Loss on derivative	—		0.6		—		0.2
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—		0.1		—		0.1

Loss before income taxes	(0.5)		(1.3)		(2.7)		(3.9)
Income tax expense (benefit)	0.1		—		—		5.2


Consolidated net loss	(0.6)		(1.3)		(2.7)		(9.1)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	0.1		0.2		0.1		0.2
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	(0.7)	%	(1.5)	%	(2.8)	%	(9.3)	%

Comparison of Results for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019


	Three Months Ended September 30,
					Increase (Decrease)		Increase (Decrease)
	2020		2019		$		%
	(Amounts in thousands)
Revenue from services	$	193,968	$	209,200	$	(15,232)	(7.3)	%
Direct operating expenses	145,965		158,194		(12,229)		(7.7)	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	40,804		44,407		(3,603)		(8.1)	%
Bad debt expense	946		588		358		60.9	%
Depreciation and amortization	3,247		2,907		340		11.7	%


Acquisition and integration-related costs	—		(426)		426		100.0	%
Restructuring costs	2,316		1,607		709		44.1	%

Impairment charges	1,071		1,804		(733)		(40.6)	%
(Loss) income from operations	(381)		119		(500)		(420.2)	%
Interest expense	608		1,398		(790)		(56.5)	%
Loss on derivative	—		1,284		(1,284)		(100.0)	%
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—		94		(94)		(100.0)	%
Other income, net	(10)		(54)		44		81.5	%
Loss before income taxes	(979)		(2,603)		1,624		62.4	%
Income tax expense	169		94		75		79.8	%


Consolidated net loss	(1,148)		(2,697)		1,549		57.4
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	186		431		(245)		(56.8)	%
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(1,334)	$	(3,128)	$	1,794	57.4	%

Revenue from services

Revenue from services decreased 7.3% to $194.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $209.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to volume declines across all of our lines of business. Bill rates for COVID-19 assignments trended downward in the third quarter, but remained higher than pre-COVID-19 rates, and were up as compared to the prior year. See further discussion in Segment Results.

Direct operating expenses

Direct operating expenses are comprised primarily of field employee compensation and independent contractor expenses, housing expenses, travel expenses, and related insurance expenses. Direct operating expenses decreased $12.2 million, or 7.7%, to $146.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $158.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 as a result of revenue declines. As a percentage of total revenue, direct operating expenses decreased to 75.2% compared to 75.6% in the prior year period.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 8.1% to $40.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $44.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to reductions in headcount, lower healthcare costs, and lower rent expense due to the closure of a significant number of offices, enabled by our ability to work remotely. These reductions were partially offset by increases in IT expenses and legal fees, as well as additional compensation expense related to the short-term incentive plan. As a percentage of total revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 21.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to 21.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Depreciation and amortization expense

Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased to $3.2 million as compared to $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Amortization expense increased due to accelerated amortization of trade names in our Nurse and Allied and Physician Staffing segments, associated with our rebranding initiatives. See Note 6 - Goodwill, Trade Names, and Other Intangible Assets. As a percentage of revenue, depreciation and amortization expense was 1.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 1.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Acquisition and integration-related costs

Acquisition and integration-related costs include accretion and valuation adjustments on our contingent consideration liability related to the Mediscan acquisition and was a benefit of $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. There were no such costs for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Restructuring costs

Restructuring costs were primarily comprised of employee termination costs, ongoing lease costs related to the Company's strategic reduction of its real estate footprint, and reorganization costs as part of our planned cost savings initiatives and totaled $2.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020. During the three months ended September 30, 2019, restructuring costs totaled $1.6 million and were primarily comprised of employee termination costs and lease-related exit costs.

Impairment charges

Non-cash impairment charges totaled $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020. These were comprised of $0.2 million of customer list impairment of our Nurse and Allied business and $0.9 million related to real estate restructuring activities. During the three months ended September 30, 2019, in connection with our restructuring activities we ceased using leased space which resulted in impairment charges related to our right-of-use assets of $1.2 million and $0.6 million of impairment related to property and equipment. See Note 6 - Goodwill, Trade Names, and Other Intangible Assets to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Interest expense

Interest expense was $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, due to lower average borrowings and a lower effective rate. The effective interest rate on our borrowings was 3.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 6.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Loss on derivative

Loss on derivative was $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, which was paid to terminate an interest rate hedge related to our term loan that was subsequently refinanced in October 2019. There were no similar charges for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Loss on early extinguishment of debt

Loss on early extinguishment of debt of $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 related to write-offs of debt issuance costs resulting from a reduction in borrowing capacity on our revolving credit facility. There were no similar charges for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Income tax expense

Income tax expense totaled $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. As a result of the Company's valuation allowance on substantially all of its domestic deferred tax assets, income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was primarily impacted by international and state taxes. See Note 13 - Income Taxes to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Comparison of Results for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
					Increase (Decrease)		Increase (Decrease)
	2020		2019		$		%
	(Amounts in thousands)
Revenue from services	$	620,811	$	607,128	$	13,683	2.3	%
Direct operating expenses	472,471		456,280		16,191		3.5	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	128,939		136,387		(7,448)		(5.5)	%
Bad debt expense	2,383		1,503		880		58.5	%
Depreciation and amortization	10,472		9,448		1,024		10.8	%


Acquisition and integration-related costs	77		385		(308)		(80.0)	%
Restructuring costs	5,210		2,884		2,326		80.7	%
Legal settlement charges	—		1,600		(1,600)		(100.0)	%
Impairment charges	16,082		16,306		(224)		(1.4)	%
Loss from operations	(14,823)		(17,665)		2,842		16.1	%
Interest expense	2,219		4,258		(2,039)		(47.9)	%
Loss on derivative	—		1,284		(1,284)		(100.0)	%
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—		508		(508)		(100.0)	%
Other income, net	(46)		(212)		166		78.3	%
Loss before income taxes	(16,996)		(23,503)		6,507		27.7	%
Income tax (benefit) expense	(32)		31,840		(31,872)		(100.1)	%


Consolidated net loss	(16,964)		(55,343)		38,379		69.3
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	610		1,226		(616)		(50.2)	%
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(17,574)	$	(56,569)	$	38,995	68.9	%

Revenue from services

Revenue from services increased 2.3% to $620.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $607.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, reflecting an increase in revenue in Nurse and Allied Staffing, partially offset by declines in Physician Staffing and Search. Revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 reflects growth in all three segments in the first quarter and a high volume of COVID-19 assignments in Nurse and Allied Staffing in the second and third quarters, with volume declines in the third quarter in Physician Staffing and Search. See further discussion in Segment Results.

Direct operating expenses

Direct operating expenses increased $16.2 million, or 3.5%, to $472.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $456.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. As a percentage of total revenue, direct operating expenses increased to 76.1% compared to 75.1% in the prior year period reflecting a change in the mix of business, primarily as the higher compensation of COVID-19 assignments were generally priced at a lower average margin.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 5.5% to $128.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $136.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily driven by reductions in headcount, lower healthcare costs, and lower rent expense due to the closure of a significant number of offices, enabled by our ability to work remotely, coupled with lower consulting expenses. These reductions were partially offset by increases in equity compensation expense, IT expenses, and legal fees, as well as additional compensation expense related to the short-term

incentive plan. As a percentage of total revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 20.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to 22.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Depreciation and amortization expense

Depreciation and amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased to $10.5 million as compared to $9.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Amortization expense increased due to accelerated amortization of trade names in our Nurse and Allied and Physician Staffing segments, associated with our rebranding initiatives. As a percentage of revenue, depreciation and amortization expense was 1.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 1.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Acquisition and integration-related costs

Acquisition and integration-related costs include costs for prior acquisitions, costs incurred for potential transactions, and accretion and valuation adjustments on our contingent consideration liability related to the Mediscan acquisition. In the first quarter of 2020, the final earnout amount of the contingent consideration related to the Mediscan acquisition was determined, resulting in an additional accrual of $0.1 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, costs totaled $0.4 million, and included $0.1 million of accretion and valuation adjustments on the contingent consideration liability and $0.3 million of expenses related to prior acquisitions. See Note 7 - Debt.

Restructuring costs

Restructuring costs were primarily comprised of employee termination costs, ongoing lease costs related to the Company's strategic reduction of its real estate footprint, and reorganization costs as part of our planned cost savings initiatives and totaled $5.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, restructuring costs totaled $2.9 million and were primarily comprised of employee termination costs and lease-related exit costs.

Legal settlement charges

Legal settlement charges totaled $1.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and related to the resolution of a medical malpractice lawsuit in excess of carrier limits, as well as a 2019 California wage and hour class action settlement agreement. There were no similar charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Impairment charges

Non-cash impairment charges totaled $16.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. These were comprised of $10.7 million of impairment of our Search and Nurse and Allied businesses and $5.4 million related to real estate restructuring activities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, in connection with our restructuring activities we ceased using leased space which resulted in impairment charges related to our right-of-use assets of $1.2 million and $0.6 million of impairment related to property and equipment. In addition, as part of evolving our go-to-market strategy, in the second quarter of 2019, we eliminated certain brands across all of our segments as part of our rebranding initiatives and, as a result, $14.5 million of indefinite-lived trade names related to Nurse and Allied Staffing were written off as impairment charges. See Note 6 - Goodwill, Trade Names, and Other Intangible Assets and Note 8 - Leases to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Interest expense

Interest expense was $2.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, due to lower average borrowings and a lower effective interest rate. The effective interest rate on our borrowings was 3.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 6.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Loss on derivative

Loss on derivative was $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, which was paid to terminate an interest rate hedge related to our term loan that was subsequently refinanced in October 2019. There were no similar charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Loss on early extinguishment of debt

Loss on early extinguishment of debt of $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 related to write-offs of debt issuance costs resulting from a reduction in borrowing capacity on our revolving credit facility, as well as optional debt prepayments of $12.5 million made on our Term Loan. There were no similar charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Income tax (benefit) expense

Income tax benefit was less than $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to expense of $31.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. As a result of the Company's valuation allowance on substantially all of its domestic deferred tax assets, income tax (benefit) expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was impacted by international and state taxes as well as the impairment of indefinite-lived intangibles. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 included $35.8 million of additional valuation allowance recorded as a discrete item in the second quarter of 2019. See Note 13 - Income Taxes to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Segment Results

Information on operating segments and a reconciliation to loss from operations for the periods indicated are as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(amounts in thousands)
Revenue from services:
Nurse and Allied Staffing	$	175,244	$	184,974	$	561,575	$	541,398
Physician Staffing	16,452		20,407		51,505		54,594
Search	2,272		3,819		7,731		11,136
	$	193,968	$	209,200	$	620,811	$	607,128

Contribution income (loss):
Nurse and Allied Staffing	$	18,233	$	16,097	$	53,028	$	46,504
Physician Staffing	827		811		2,677		1,724
Search	(308)		78		(1,694)		(526)
	18,752		16,986		54,011		47,702

Corporate overhead	12,499		10,975		36,993		34,744
Depreciation and amortization	3,247		2,907		10,472		9,448



Acquisition and integration-related costs	—		(426)		77		385
Restructuring costs	2,316		1,607		5,210		2,884
Legal settlement charges	—		—		—		1,600
Impairment charges	1,071		1,804		16,082		16,306
(Loss) income from operations	$	(381)	$	119	$	(14,823)	$	(17,665)

Certain statistical data for our business segments for the periods indicated are as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,			Percent
	2020		2019		Change	Change

Nurse and Allied Staffing statistical data:
FTEs	5,403		7,083		(1,680)	(23.7)	%

Average Nurse and Allied Staffing revenue per FTE per day	$	353	$	284	69	24.3	%

Physician Staffing statistical data:
Days filled	9,682		11,675		(1,993)	(17.1)	%
Revenue per day filled	$	1,699	$	1,748	(49)	(2.8)	%

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,			Percent
	2020		2019		Change	Change

Nurse and Allied Staffing statistical data: (a)
FTEs	6,116		7,039		(923)	(13.1)	%
Average Nurse and Allied Staffing revenue per FTE per day	$	335	$	282	53	18.8	%

Physician Staffing statistical data: (a)
Days filled	29,077		32,709		(3,632)	(11.1)	%
Revenue per day filled	$	1,771	$	1,669	102	6.1	%

See definition of Business Measurement under the Operating Metrics section of our Management's Discussion and Analysis.

Segment Comparison - Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

Nurse and Allied Staffing

Revenue decreased $9.7 million, or 5.3%, to $175.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $185.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, driven by volume declines in certain specialties, partly offset by higher bill rates. Volume for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was negatively impacted due to suspended services resulting from school closures as well as a decrease in census at our clients which resulted in lower demand for non-COVID-19 related assignments.

Contribution income increased $2.1 million,or 13.3%, to $18.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $16.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 driven by lower selling, general and administrative expenses. As a percentage of segment revenue, contribution income margin was 10.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to 8.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

The average number of FTEs on contract during the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased 23.7% from the three months ended September 30, 2019, reflecting the decreased demand for non-COVID-19 related assignments, as well as the loss of an OWS customer that decided to bring their staffing in-house. The average revenue per FTE per day increased 24.3%, reflecting higher average bill rates related to increased pricing and mix.

Physician Staffing

Revenue decreased $4.0 million, or 19.4%, to $16.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $20.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to reduced demand from our customers in the physician specialties as a result of the nationwide reduction in elective procedures, partly offset by growth in the advanced practice specialties.

Contribution income was $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, consistent with the three months ended September 30, 2019. As a percentage of segment revenue, contribution income was 5.0% for the three months ended

September 30, 2020, compared to 4.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2019, driven by lower selling, general and administrative expenses.

Total days filled for the three months ended September 30, 2020 were 9,682 as compared with 11,675 in the prior year. Revenue per day filled was $1,699 as compared with $1,748 in the prior year.

Revenue decreased $1.5 million, or 40.5%, to $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $3.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, due to declines in executive search and physician search revenue as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Contribution loss was $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to contribution income of $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, due to declines in demand as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Corporate Overhead

Corporate overhead includes unallocated executive leadership and other centralized corporate functional support costs such as finance, IT, legal, human resources, and marketing, as well as public company expenses and corporate-wide projects. Corporate overhead increased to $12.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, from $11.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, due to an increase in legal fees and IT expenses, as well as additional compensation expense related to the short-term incentive plan. As a percentage of consolidated revenue, corporate overhead was 6.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 5.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Segment Comparison - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

Nurse and Allied Staffing

Revenue increased $20.2 million, or 3.7%, to $561.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $541.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily driven by higher bill-rate COVID-19 related assignments worked by travelers, partly offset by volume declines in other specialties. Volume for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was negatively impacted due to suspended services resulting from school closures as well as a decrease in census at our clients which resulted in lower demand for non-COVID-19 related assignments.

Contribution income increased $6.5 million or 14.0%, to $53.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $46.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. As a percentage of segment revenue, contribution income margin was 9.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to 8.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

The average number of FTEs on contract during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased 13.1% from the nine months ended September 30, 2019, reflecting the decreased demand for non-COVID-19 related assignments. The average Nurse and Allied Staffing revenue per FTE per day increased 18.8%, reflecting higher average bill rates related to increased pricing.

Physician Staffing

Revenue decreased $3.1 million, or 5.7%, to $51.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $54.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to a reduction of volume related to reduced demand as a result of the nationwide reduction in elective procedures, partially offset by higher bill rates due to mix of business.

Contribution income increased $1.0 million, or 55.3% to $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. As a percentage of segment revenue, contribution income was 5.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to 3.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, driven by lower selling, general and administrative expenses.

Total days filled for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were 29,077 as compared with 32,709 in the prior year. Revenue per day filled was $1,771 as compared with $1,669 in the prior year.

Revenue decreased $3.4 million, or 30.6%, to $7.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $11.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, due to declines in executive search and physician search revenue as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by an increase in RPO revenue.

Contribution loss was $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to contribution loss of $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, due to declines in demand as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Corporate Overhead

Corporate overhead increased to $37.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, from $34.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to higher IT expenses, legal expenses, additional compensation expense related to the short-term incentive plan, and higher equity compensation expense as a result of the acceleration of vesting of restricted stock awards related to directors who either retired or became retirement eligible, partially offset by lower consulting expense. As a percentage of consolidated revenue, corporate overhead was 6.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 5.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Transactions with Related Parties

See Note 14 - Related Party Transactions to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At September 30, 2020, we had $3.4 million in cash and cash equivalents and $56.0 million of borrowings drawn under our ABL. Working capital decreased by $12.1 million to $85.8 million as of September 30, 2020, compared to $97.9 as of December 31, 2019. As of September 30, 2020, our days' sales outstanding, net of amounts owed to subcontractors, increased 6 days to 64 days as of September 30, 2020, compared to 58 days as of December 31, 2019, primarily due to a decrease in revenue.

Our operating cash flow constitutes our primary source of liquidity, and historically, has been sufficient to fund our working capital, capital expenditures, internal business expansion, and debt service, including our commitments as described in the Commitments table in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Although there is uncertainty related to the anticipated impact of COVID-19 on our future results, we expect to meet our future needs from a combination of cash on hand, operating cash flows, and funds available through the ABL. See debt discussion which follows.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $25.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $10.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to stronger collections and the timing of disbursements.

Net cash used in investing activities was $3.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $2.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Net cash used in both periods was for capital expenditures, primarily related to the project to replace our applicant tracking system.

Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $19.2 million, compared to $15.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we used cash to repay borrowing on our ABL of $14.9 million, $2.4 million to pay our note payable, and $1.9 million for other financing activities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we used cash to make optional principal prepayments on our term loan of $12.5 million and paid $2.9 million for other financing activities.

Debt

2019 ABL Credit Agreement

On June 30, 2020, we amended the Loan Agreement, which increased the current aggregate committed size of the ABL from $120.0 million to $130.0 million. All other terms, conditions, covenants, and pricing of the Loan Agreement remain the same.

At September 30, 2020, availability under the ABL was $110.2 million and we had $56.0 million of borrowings drawn, as well as $19.5 million of letters of credit outstanding, leaving $34.7 million available for borrowing.

As of September 30, 2020, the interest rate spreads and fees under the Loan Agreement were based on LIBOR plus 2.00% for the revolving portion of the borrowing base and LIBOR plus 4.00% on the Supplemental Availability. The Base Rate (as defined by the Loan Agreement) margins would have been 1.00% and 3.00%, respectively, for the revolving portion and Supplemental Availability, respectively. The LIBOR and Base Rate margins are subject to monthly pricing adjustments, pursuant to a pricing matrix based on our excess availability under the revolving credit facility. In addition, the facility is subject to an unused fee, letter of credit fees, and an administrative fee. The Loan Agreement contains various restrictions and covenants applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries, including a covenant to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. We were in compliance with the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant as of September 30, 2020.

Stockholders’ Equity

See Note 10 - Stockholders' Equity to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Commitments and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2020, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements. Our commitments over the next five years did not change materially from December 31, 2019. See Note 12 - Contingencies to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our critical accounting policies and estimates remain consistent with those reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC, other than the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments as discussed in Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 3 - Customer Contracts to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 15 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Interest Rate Risk

We have been exposed to interest rate risk associated with our debt instruments which have had interest based on variable rates. As of September 30, 2020, we are exposed to the risk of fluctuation in interest rates relating to our ABL Credit Agreement (ABL) entered into on October 25, 2019. Our ABL charges us interest at a rate based on either LIBOR or Base Rate (as defined) plus an applicable margin.

In March 2018, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement, which initially fixed the interest rate on 50% of the amortizing balance on our term debt. The interest rate swap qualified as a cash flow hedge in accordance with the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the FASB ASC and the resulting changes in fair value of the interest rate swap were recorded to other comprehensive (loss) income and reclassified to interest expense over the life of the term debt. In September 2019, in anticipation of entering into the ABL, we terminated our interest rate swap agreement.

A 1% change in interest rates on our variable rate debt would have resulted in interest expense fluctuating approximately $0.5 million and $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, excluding the impact of the interest rate swap agreement. Considering the effect of our interest rate swap agreement in a 1% change in interest rates on our variable rate debt would have resulted in approximately $0.2 million change in interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. See Note 7 - Debt to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Refer to our Form 10-K Item 1A. Risk Factors under "The interest rates under our ABL Credit Agreement may be impacted by the phase-out of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)" for discussion of the interest rate risk related to the potential phase-out of LIBOR in 2021.

Other Risks

There have been no material changes to our other exposures as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2019.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon the evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. The disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports required under the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, in order to allow timely decisions regarding any required disclosure.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) that occurred during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We have not experienced any material impact to our internal controls over financial reporting despite the fact that most of our employees are working remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are continually monitoring and assessing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on our internal controls to minimize the impact on their design and operating effectiveness.

PART II. – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Discussion of legal matters is incorporated by reference from Part I, Item 1, Note 12 - Contingencies - Legal Proceedings and Other Reserves of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and should be considered an integral part of Part II, Item 1, Legal Proceedings.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, careful consideration should be given to the factors discussed in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, our Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2020, and our Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2020, all of which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described herein and therein are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us, or that we currently deem to be immaterial, also may adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. The below Risk Factors have been updated to reflect the heightened impact of the COVID-19 pandemic since we filed our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. As described herein, the COVID-19 pandemic may adversely affect our business and financial results and may also have the effect of exacerbating many of the other risks described in this section and in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Our operations and financial results have been and may continue to be negatively affected by the current ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and could be materially harmed by COVID-19 or the emergence and effects related to any other pandemics, epidemics, or other public health crisis.

Our operations and financial results have been and may continue to be adversely affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and changes in national or global economic conditions related thereto.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, certain of our healthcare professionals have been exposed, diagnosed and or quarantined as a result of the virus. If, as a result of such risks, our healthcare professionals do not want to, or are not able to provide services, it could negatively impact our supply and ability to provide staffing services to our customers. In addition, patients have canceled or deferred elective procedures or otherwise avoided medical treatment resulting in reduced census at our hospital customers. Additionally, healthcare facilities, such as ambulatory surgi-centers and other outpatient facilities, have been shut down temporarily. This has resulted in the cancellation of certain of our healthcare professionals (e.g. operating room nurses, physical therapists, surgeons, advanced practitioners, and many others) working at those facilities or under contract to provide services at those facilities in the future. In addition, the normal operations of our healthcare facility customers may be disrupted and impacted in ways that are difficult to predict and their financials could be adversely affected. This would not just negatively impact our staffing and workforce solutions business, but would also have an adverse effect on our search businesses (contingent, permanent, and retained) as healthcare customers may delay making decisions for executives, physicians, nurses, and other full-time staff. In addition to the negative impact on demand from our hospital and healthcare facility customers, school closures in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic have had an adverse impact on our school staffing.

The financial impact to our healthcare customers from COVID-19 or any other pandemic, epidemic, outbreak of an infectious disease or other public health crisis may also impact their ability to pay for our services timely or altogether, including invoices for services provided prior to such an event that were in process. Such a failure to pay for our services timely or altogether would have an impact on our collections, resulting in a negative financial impact on our Company.

Finally, while we have disaster plans in place for all of our locations and we are able to operate remotely, the potential continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic, or the emergence of another pandemic, epidemic, or outbreak is difficult to predict and could adversely affect our operations. In particular, our operations are headquartered in South Florida and if our employees are working remotely as a result of a public health crisis during hurricane season and electricity, wi-fi and other resources are temporarily restricted or not available, it could negatively impact our operations and financial results.

If applicable government regulations change, we may face increased costs that reduce our revenue and profitability.

The temporary healthcare staffing industry is regulated in many states. For example, in some states, firms such as our nurse staffing companies must be registered to establish and advertise as a nurse-staffing agency or must qualify for an exemption from registration in those states. If we were to lose any required state licenses, we could be required to cease operating in those states. The introduction of new regulatory provisions could also substantially raise the costs associated with hiring temporary

employees. For example, some states could impose sales taxes or increase sales tax rates on temporary healthcare staffing services. Also, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, several states have enacted various legislation to expand the application of workers compensation and other benefits to healthcare providers who are exposed to or who contract COVID-19 through their employment, and certain of our clients are requiring us to provide personal protection equipment to our workers. These increased costs may not be able to be passed on to clients. In addition, if government regulations were implemented that limited the amount we could charge for our services, our profitability could be adversely affected. We continuously monitor changes in regulations and legislation for potential impacts on our business.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

On November 3, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the reinstatement of 100% of 2020 base salaries to its executive officers, effective October 1, 2020, as follows: Kevin C. Clark, Co-Founder & Chief Executive Officer ($825,000); William J. Burns, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer ($525,000); Susan E. Ball, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary ($420,000); Buffy S. White, Group President ($430,000); and Stephen A. Saville, Executive Vice President of Operations ($430,000). On November 3, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors also approved the reinstatement of 100% of 2020 cash compensation to its Board of Directors, effective October 1, 2020.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS


No.						Description

*31.1						Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14 (a) by Kevin C. Clark, Co-Founder, Chief Executive Officer, Director (Principal Executive Officer)

*31.2						Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14 (a) by William J. Burns, EVP & Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)

**32.1						Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 by Kevin C. Clark, Co-Founder, Chief Executive Officer, Director (Principal Executive Officer)

**32.2						Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 by William J. Burns, EVP & Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)

*101.INS						XBRL Instance Document

*101.SCH						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

*101.DEF						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

*101.LAB						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

*101.CAL						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

*101.PRE						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)



*						Filed herewith

**						Furnished herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.


	CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE, INC.

Date: November 5, 2020	By:	/s/ William J. Burns
		William J. Burns Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)