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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number: 001-35703

 

PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

Delaware

 

77-0683487

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

 

10880 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 2150, Los Angeles, CA 90024

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(424) 248-6500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

 

Title of each class

 

Trading

Symbol(s)

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share

 

PBYI

 

The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

(NASDAQ Global Select Market)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  .

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit files).    Yes      No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

 

Large accelerated filer

 

  

Accelerated filer

 

 

 

 

 

Non-accelerated filer

 

  

Smaller reporting company

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Emerging growth company

 

 

 

 

 

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes      No  .

 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. 39,762,431 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, were outstanding as of October 30, 2020.

 

 

 


PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC.

- INDEX -

 

 

Page

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION:

1

 

Item 1.

 

Financial Statements (Unaudited):

1

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019

1

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

2

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

3

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

4

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

6

 

 

 

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

7

 

Item 2.

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

28

 

Item 3.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

39

 

Item 4.

 

Controls and Procedures

39

 

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION:

40

 

Item 1.

 

Legal Proceedings

40

 

 

 

 

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

41

 

Item 2.

 

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

41

 

Item 3.

 

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

41

 

Item 4.

 

Mine Safety Disclosures

41

 

Item 5.

 

Other Information

41

 

Item 6.

 

Exhibits

42

 

Signatures

43

 

 

 


CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or this Quarterly Report, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Any statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions, future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward looking. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:  

 

the commercialization of NERLYNX® (neratinib);

 

the development of our drug candidates, including when we expect to undertake, initiate and complete clinical trials of our product candidates;

 

the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic, and measures to control the spread of COVID-19, on our business, financial condition, results of operations and ongoing clinical trials;

 

the anticipated timing of regulatory filings;

 

the regulatory approval of our drug candidates;

 

our use of clinical research organizations and other contractors;

 

our ability to find collaborative partners for research, development and commercialization of potential products;

 

efforts of our sub-licensees to obtain regulatory approval and commercialize NERLYNX in areas outside the United States;

 

our ability to market any of our products;

 

our expectations regarding our costs and expenses;

 

our anticipated capital requirements and estimates regarding our needs for additional financing;

 

our ability to maintain compliance with the terms of our loan and security agreement;

 

our ability to compete against other companies and research institutions;

 

our ability to secure adequate protection for our intellectual property;

 

our intention and ability to vigorously defend against any litigation to which we are or may become party;

 

our estimates for damages that we may be required to pay in connection with the class action lawsuit to which we are a party;

 

our ability to attract and retain key personnel; and

 

our ability to obtain adequate financing.

These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend” and similar words or phrases. Accordingly, these statements involve estimates, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in them. Discussions containing these forward-looking statements may be found throughout this Quarterly Report, including, in Part I, the section entitled “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including the risks discussed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended March 31, 2020 that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Such risks should be considered in evaluating our prospects and future financial performance. We undertake no obligation to update the forward-looking statements or to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this document.

 

 


Part I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

90,082

 

 

$

60,037

 

Marketable securities

 

 

18,942

 

 

 

51,607

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

 

27,137

 

 

 

28,896

 

Inventory, net

 

 

3,144

 

 

 

3,170

 

Prepaid expenses, current

 

 

8,025

 

 

 

13,259

 

Deferred rent

 

 

198

 

 

 

154

 

Restricted cash, current

 

 

8,850

 

 

 

8,850

 

Other current assets

 

 

3,426

 

 

 

323

 

Total current assets

 

 

159,804

 

 

 

166,296

 

Lease right-of-use assets, net

 

 

16,957

 

 

 

18,522

 

Property and equipment, net

 

 

2,659

 

 

 

3,304

 

Intangible assets, net

 

 

76,144

 

 

 

40,461

 

Restricted cash, long-term

 

 

3,311

 

 

 

4,323

 

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term

 

 

2,820

 

 

 

1,999

 

Total assets

 

$

261,695

 

 

$

234,905

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' (DEFICIT) EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

12,528

 

 

$

19,183

 

Accrued expenses, current

 

 

63,471

 

 

 

69,030

 

Accrued in-licensed rights, current

 

 

31,017

 

 

 

 

Post-marketing commitment liability, current

 

 

2,496

 

 

 

 

Lease liabilities, current

 

 

2,971

 

 

 

2,624

 

Current portion of long-term debt

 

 

5,714

 

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

 

 

118,197

 

 

 

90,837

 

Accrued expenses, long-term

 

 

25,493

 

 

 

 

Lease liabilities, long-term

 

 

20,365

 

 

 

22,643

 

Post-marketing commitment liability, long-term

 

 

6,379

 

 

 

9,000

 

Long-term debt

 

 

91,714

 

 

 

94,962

 

Total liabilities

 

 

262,148

 

 

 

217,442

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders' (deficit) equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock - $.0001 par value per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized;  39,720,931 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and 39,203,304 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019

 

 

4

 

 

 

4

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

 

1,322,180

 

 

 

1,295,033

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

62

 

Accumulated deficit

 

 

(1,322,637

)

 

 

(1,277,636

)

Total stockholders' (deficit) equity

 

 

(453

)

 

 

17,463

 

Total liabilities and stockholders' (deficit) equity

 

$

261,695

 

 

$

234,905

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

1


 

PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended

September 30,

 

 

For the Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Product revenue, net

 

$

49,333

 

 

$

53,482

 

 

$

146,713

 

 

$

152,913

 

License revenue

 

 

 

 

 

2,750

 

 

 

22,700

 

 

 

56,250

 

Royalty revenue

 

 

1,421

 

 

 

120

 

 

 

3,140

 

 

 

175

 

Total revenue

 

 

50,754

 

 

 

56,352

 

 

 

172,553

 

 

 

209,338

 

Operating costs and expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of sales

 

 

9,943

 

 

 

9,371

 

 

 

28,434

 

 

 

26,673

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

29,598

 

 

 

31,402

 

 

 

89,882

 

 

 

110,435

 

Research and development

 

 

23,344

 

 

 

30,027

 

 

 

73,490

 

 

 

102,610

 

Total operating costs and expenses

 

 

62,885

 

 

 

70,800

 

 

 

191,806

 

 

 

239,718

 

Loss from operations

 

 

(12,131

)

 

 

(14,448

)

 

 

(19,253

)

 

 

(30,380

)

Other income (expenses):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

 

22

 

 

 

569

 

 

 

474

 

 

 

2,349

 

Interest expense

 

 

(3,627

)

 

 

(3,052

)

 

 

(10,479

)

 

 

(11,943

)

Legal verdict expense

 

 

(15,855

)

 

 

 

 

 

(16,041

)

 

 

(16,350

)

Loss on debt extinguishment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(8,103

)

Other income

 

 

128

 

 

 

46

 

 

 

298

 

 

 

31

 

Total other expenses

 

 

(19,332

)

 

 

(2,437

)

 

 

(25,748

)

 

 

(34,016

)

Net loss

 

$

(31,463

)

 

$

(16,885

)

 

$

(45,001

)

 

$

(64,396

)

Net loss applicable to common stockholders

 

$

(31,463

)

 

$

(16,885

)

 

$

(45,001

)

 

$

(64,396

)

Net loss per share of common stock—basic

 

$

(0.79

)

 

$

(0.44

)

 

$

(1.14

)

 

$

(1.67

)

Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding—basic

 

 

39,695,444

 

 

 

38,893,757

 

 

 

39,473,691

 

 

 

38,675,961

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

2


 

PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended September 30,

 

 

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Net loss

 

$

(31,463

)

 

$

(16,885

)

 

$

(45,001

)

 

$

(64,396

)

Other comprehensive (loss) income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax

   of $0

 

 

(1

)

 

 

15

 

 

 

(65

)

 

 

115

 

Reclassifications of gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities,

   included in “Other income”, net of tax of $0

 

 

 

 

 

(10

)

 

 

3

 

 

 

12

 

Comprehensive loss

 

$

(31,464

)

 

$

(16,880

)

 

$

(45,063

)

 

$

(64,269

)

 

See Accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

3


 

PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY

(in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)

 

For the Three Months Ended

September 30, 2020

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

 

Paid-in

 

 

Comprehensive

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Capital

 

 

Income (Loss)

 

 

Deficit

 

 

Total

 

Balance at June 30, 2020

 

 

39,626,917

 

 

$

4

 

 

$

1,314,572

 

 

$

1

 

 

$

(1,291,174

)

 

$

23,403

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7,565

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7,565

 

Shares issued or restricted stock

   units vested under employee

   stock plans

 

 

94,014

 

 

 

 

 

 

43

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

43

 

Unrealized loss on available-

   for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1

)

 

 

 

 

 

(1

)

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(31,463

)

 

 

(31,463

)

Balance at September 30, 2020

 

 

39,720,931

 

 

$

4

 

 

$

1,322,180

 

 

$

 

 

$

(1,322,637

)

 

$

(453

)

 

For the Three Months Ended

September 30, 2019

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

 

Paid-in

 

 

Comprehensive

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Capital

 

 

Income (Loss)

 

 

Deficit

 

 

Total

 

Balance at June 30, 2019

 

 

38,738,707

 

 

$

4

 

 

$

1,271,209

 

 

$

110

 

 

$

(1,249,552

)

 

$

21,771

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,213

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,213

 

Shares issued or restricted stock

   units vested under employee

   stock plans

 

 

205,067

 

 

 

 

 

 

76

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

76

 

Reclassification of loss on

   available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(10

)

 

 

 

 

 

(10

)

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale

   securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

15

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(16,885

)

 

 

(16,885

)

Balance at September 30, 2019

 

 

38,943,774

 

 

$

4

 

 

$

1,283,498

 

 

$

115

 

 

$

(1,266,437

)

 

$

17,180

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

4


 

PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY

(in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)

 

For the Nine Months Ended

September 30, 2020

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

 

Paid-in

 

 

Comprehensive

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Capital

 

 

Income (Loss)

 

 

Deficit

 

 

Total

 

Balance at December 31, 2019

 

 

39,203,304

 

 

$

4

 

 

$

1,295,033

 

 

$

62

 

 

$

(1,277,636

)

 

$

17,463

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

27,102

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

27,102

 

Shares issued or restricted stock

   units vested under employee

   stock plans

 

 

517,627

 

 

 

 

 

 

45

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

45

 

Reclassification of gain on

   available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

Unrealized loss on available-

   for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(65

)

 

 

 

 

 

(65

)

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(45,001

)

 

 

(45,001

)

Balance at September 30, 2020

 

 

39,720,931

 

 

$

4

 

 

$

1,322,180

 

 

$

 

 

$

(1,322,637

)

 

$

(453

)

 

For the Nine Months Ended

September 30, 2019

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

 

Paid-in

 

 

Comprehensive

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Capital

 

 

Income (Loss)

 

 

Deficit

 

 

Total

 

Balance at December 31, 2018

 

 

38,325,037

 

 

$

4

 

 

$

1,236,355

 

 

$

(12

)

 

$

(1,202,041

)

 

$

34,306

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

45,791

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

45,791

 

Shares issued or restricted stock

   units vested under employee

   stock plans

 

 

618,737

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,352

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,352

 

Reclassification of gain on

   available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12

 

 

 

 

 

 

12

 

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale

   securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

115

 

 

 

 

 

 

115

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(64,396

)

 

 

(64,396

)

Balance at September 30, 2019

 

 

38,943,774

 

 

$

4

 

 

$

1,283,498

 

 

$

115

 

 

$

(1,266,437

)

 

$

17,180

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

5


 

PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

 

 

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(45,001

)

 

$

(64,396

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating

   activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

7,085

 

 

 

6,178

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

27,102

 

 

 

45,791

 

Disposal of property and equipment

 

 

 

 

 

54

 

Loss on debt extinguishment

 

 

 

 

 

8,047

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

 

1,759

 

 

 

(6,409

)

Inventory, net

 

 

26

 

 

 

(498

)

Prepaid expenses and other

 

 

4,413

 

 

 

2,905

 

Other current assets

 

 

(3,103

)

 

 

1,465

 

Accounts payable

 

 

(6,655

)

 

 

(11,628

)

Accrued expenses and other

 

 

20,951

 

 

 

30,340

 

Deferred rent

 

 

(44

)

 

 

(39

)

Post-marketing commitment liability

 

 

(125

)

 

 

9,000

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

 

6,408

 

 

 

20,810

 

Investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of property and equipment

 

 

(23

)

 

 

 

Purchase of available-for-sale securities

 

 

(24,430

)

 

 

(127,072

)

Sale of available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

28,135

 

Maturity of available-for-sale securities

 

 

57,033

 

 

 

104,532

 

Purchase of intangible assets

 

 

(10,000

)

 

 

 

Net cash provided by investing activities

 

 

22,580

 

 

 

5,595

 

Financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net proceeds from shares issued under employee stock plans

 

 

45

 

 

 

1,352

 

Proceeds from debt

 

 

8,444

 

 

 

25,000

 

Payment of debt

 

 

(8,444

)

 

 

(80,000

)

Payment of debt extinguishment costs

 

 

 

 

 

(7,793

)

Payment of debt issuance costs

 

 

 

 

 

(5,625

)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

 

45

 

 

 

(67,066

)

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

 

 

29,033

 

 

 

(40,661

)

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period

 

 

73,210

 

 

 

112,738

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

 

$

102,243

 

 

$

72,077

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Intangibles in accrued expenses

 

$

30,000

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid

 

$

7,021

 

 

$

9,464

 

Income taxes paid

 

$

183

 

 

$

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

6


 

PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

      

Note 1—Business and Basis of Presentation:

Business:

Puma Biotechnology, Inc., or the Company, is a biopharmaceutical company based in Los Angeles, California with a focus on the development and commercialization of innovative products to enhance cancer care. The Company in-licenses from Pfizer, Inc., or Pfizer, the global development and commercialization rights to PB272 (neratinib, oral), PB272 (neratinib, intravenous) and PB357, as well as certain related compounds. Neratinib is a potent irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks signal transduction through the epidermal growth factor receptors HER1, HER2 and HER4. Currently, the Company is primarily focused on the development and commercialization of the oral version of neratinib, and its most advanced drug candidates are directed at the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer and HER2 mutated cancers. The Company believes that neratinib has clinical application in the treatment of several other cancers as well, including other tumor types that over-express or have a mutation in HER2 or EGFR, such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer or other solid tumors.

The Company has two subsidiaries, Puma Biotechnology Ltd., a United Kingdom company, and Puma Biotechnology, B.V., a Netherlands company. These subsidiaries were established for the purpose of legal representation in the United Kingdom and the European Union.

Basis of Presentation:

The Company has incurred significant operating losses since its inception. The Company believes that it will continue to incur net losses and may incur negative net cash flows from operating activities through the drug development process and global commercialization. In 2017, the Company received U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, approval for its first product, NERLYNX® (neratinib), formerly known as PB272 (neratinib, oral), for the extended adjuvant treatment of adult patients with early stage HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer following adjuvant trastuzumab-based therapy. Following FDA approval in July 2017, NERLYNX became available by prescription in the United States, and the Company commenced commercialization.

In February 2020, NERLYNX was also approved by the FDA in combination with capecitabine for the treatment of adult patients with advanced or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer who have received two or more prior anti-HER2-based regimens in the metastatic setting.

In 2018, the European Commission, or EC, granted marketing authorization for NERLYNX in the European Union for the extended adjuvant treatment of adult patients with early stage hormone receptor positive HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer and who are less than one year from the completion of prior adjuvant trastuzumab-based therapy.

The Company is required to make substantial payments to Pfizer upon the achievement of certain milestones and has contractual obligations for clinical trial contracts.

The Company has entered into other exclusive sub-license agreements with various parties to pursue regulatory approval, if necessary, and commercialize NERLYNX, if approved, in many regions outside the United States, including Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine), Canada, China, Southeast Asia, Israel, Mexico, South Korea, and various countries and territories in Central and South America. The Company plans to continue to pursue commercialization of NERLYNX in other countries outside the United States, if approved.

The Company has reported net losses of approximately $31.5 million and $45.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and cash flows from operations of approximately $6.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Company’s commercialization, research and development or marketing efforts may require funding in addition to the cash and cash equivalents totaling approximately $90.1 million and marketable securities totaling approximately $18.9 million available at September 30, 2020. The Company believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities as of September 30, 2020 and proceeds that will become available to the Company through product sales and sub-license payments are sufficient to satisfy its operating cash and needs for at least one year after the filing of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in which these financial statements are included. The Company continues to remain dependent on its ability to obtain sufficient funding to sustain operations and continue to successfully commercialize neratinib in the United States. While the Company has been successful in raising capital in the past, there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so in the future. The Company’s ability to obtain funding may be adversely impacted by uncertain market conditions, the Company’s success in commercializing neratinib, unfavorable decisions of regulatory authorities or adverse clinical trial results. The outcome of these matters cannot be predicted at this time. Additionally, the terms of the Company’s loan and security agreement place restrictions on the Company’s ability to operate the business and on the Company’s financial flexibility, and the Company may be unable to achieve the revenue necessary to satisfy the minimum revenue covenants as specified in the agreement.

7


 

Since its inception through September 30, 2020, the Company’s financing has primarily been proceeds from product and license revenue, public offerings of its common stock, private equity placements, and borrowings under its loan and security agreement.

 

 

 

Note 2—Significant Accounting Policies:

The significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of these unaudited consolidated financial statements are as follows:

Principles of Consolidation:

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Segment Reporting:

Management has determined that the Company operates in one business segment, which is the development and commercialization of innovative products to enhance cancer care.

 

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the period presented. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant estimates include estimates for variable consideration for which reserves were established. These estimates are included in the calculation of net revenues and include trade discounts and allowances, product returns, provider chargebacks and discounts, government rebates, payor rebates, and other incentives, such as voluntary patient assistance, and other allowances that are offered within contracts between the Company and its customers, payors, and other indirect customers relating to the Company’s sale of its products.

Change in Estimate:

 

During the period ended September 30, 2020, the Company changed its estimate of the legal verdict expense and the associated legal expense accrual for the Hsu vs. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. class action lawsuit. The previous estimate was based on data and assumptions that were the best available information at the time. During the third and fourth quarters of 2020, the Company obtained additional data, previously unavailable, from the claims report and amended claims report filed with the Court. The new data indicate that the settlement is expected to be larger than previously estimated.  As a result, the Company has changed its estimate of the legal accrual on a prospective basis beginning in the third quarter of 2020.  

 

This change resulted in an increase of approximately $15.7 million in legal verdict expense and the associated accrued expense, long-term, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the change in estimate has no impact on revenue from operations and reduces net income by approximately $15.7 million. The change in accounting estimate increased the net loss per share by approximately $0.40 for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.  

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock:

Basic net loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the periods presented, as required by Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 260, Earnings per Share. For purposes of calculating diluted net loss per share of common stock, the denominator includes both the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding and the number of dilutive common stock equivalents, such as stock options, restricted stock units, or RSUs, and warrants. A common stock equivalent is not included in the denominator when calculating diluted earnings per common share if the effect of such common stock equivalent would be anti-dilutive and a net loss is reported. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, potentially dilutive securities excluded from the calculations were 5,179,581 shares issuable upon exercise of options, 2,116,250 shares issuable upon exercise of a warrant, and 2,237,615 shares underlying RSUs that were subject to vesting and were antidilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, potentially dilutive securities excluded from the calculations were 5,076,766 shares issuable upon exercise of options, 2,116,250 shares issuable upon exercise of a warrant, and 1,635,242 shares underlying RSUs that were subject to vesting and were antidilutive.  The 2,116,250 shares underlying the warrant will not have an impact on our diluted net income (loss) per share until the average market price of our common stock exceeds the exercise price of $16 per share. Refer to Note 11 for further details about the warrant.  

 

8


 

 

Revenue Recognition:

Under ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, or ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of the promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company had no contracts with customers until the FDA approved NERLYNX on July 17, 2017. Subsequent to receiving FDA approval, the Company entered into a limited number of arrangements with specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors in the United States to distribute NERLYNX. These arrangements are the Company’s initial contracts with customers. The Company has determined that these sales channels with customers are similar.

Product Revenue, Net:

The Company sells NERLYNX to a limited number of specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors in the United States. These customers subsequently resell the Company’s products to patients and certain medical centers or hospitals. In addition to distribution agreements with these customers, the Company enters into arrangements with health care providers and payors that provide for government mandated and/or privately negotiated rebates, chargebacks and discounts with respect to the purchase of the Company’s products.

The Company recognizes revenue on product sales when the specialty pharmacy or specialty distributor, as applicable, obtains control of the Company's product, which occurs at a point in time (upon delivery). Product revenue is recorded net of applicable reserves for variable consideration, including discounts and allowances. The Company’s payment terms range between 10 and 68 days.

Shipping and handling costs for product shipments occur prior to the customer obtaining control of the goods and are recorded in cost of sales.

If taxes should be collected from customers relating to product sales and remitted to governmental authorities, they will be excluded from revenue. The Company expenses incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred if the expected amortization period of the asset that the Company would have recognized is one year or less. However, no such costs were incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

Reserves for Variable Consideration:

Revenue from product sales are recorded at the net sales price (transaction price), which includes estimates of variable consideration for which reserves are established. Components of variable consideration include trade discounts and allowances, product returns, provider chargebacks and discounts, government rebates, payor rebates, and other incentives, such as voluntary patient assistance, and other allowances that are offered within contracts between the Company and its customers, payors, and other indirect customers relating to the Company’s sale of its products. These reserves, as detailed below, are based on the related sales, and are classified as reductions of accounts receivable, net when the right of offset exists in accordance with ASU 2013-1, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities, or as a current liability. These estimates take into consideration a range of possible outcomes that are probability-weighted in accordance with the expected value method in ASC 606 for relevant factors such as current contractual and statutory requirements, specific known market events and trends, industry data, and forecasted customer buying and payment patterns. Overall, these reserves reflect the Company’s best estimates of the amount of consideration to which it is entitled based on the terms of the respective underlying contracts.

The amount of variable consideration that is included in the transaction price may be constrained, and is included in the net sales price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the cumulative revenue recognized under the contract will not occur in a future period. The Company’s analyses also contemplated application of the constraint in accordance with the guidance, under which it determined a significant reversal of revenue would not be probable to occur in a future period for the estimates detailed below as of September 30, 2020 and, therefore, the transaction price was not reduced further during the quarter ended September 30, 2020. Actual amounts of consideration ultimately received may differ from the Company’s estimates. If actual results in the future vary from the Company’s estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates, which would affect net product revenue and earnings in the period such variances become known.

Trade Discounts and Allowances:

The Company generally provides customers with discounts, which include incentive fees that are explicitly stated in the Company’s contracts and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the period the related product revenue is recognized.  The reserve for discounts is established in the same period that the related revenue is recognized, together with reductions to accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets. In addition, the Company compensates its customers for sales order management, data, and distribution services. The Company has determined such services received to date are not distinct from the Company’s sale of products to its customers and, therefore, these payments have been recorded as a reduction of revenue within the statements of operations.

9


 

Product Returns:

Consistent with industry practice, the Company offers the specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors that are its customers limited product return rights for damaged and expiring product, provided it is within a specified period around the product expiration date as set forth in the applicable individual distribution agreement. The Company estimates the amount of its product sales that may be returned by its customers and records this estimate as a reduction of product revenue, net in the period the related product revenue is recognized, as well as a reduction to accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company currently estimates product returns using its own sales information, including its visibility into the inventory remaining in the distribution channel. The Company has an insignificant amount of returns to date and believes that returns of its products will continue to be minimal.

Provider Chargebacks and Discounts:

Chargebacks for fees and discounts to providers represent the estimated obligations resulting from contractual commitments to sell products to qualified healthcare providers at prices lower than the list prices charged to its customers who directly purchase the product from the Company. Customers charge the Company for the difference between what they pay for the product and the ultimate selling price to the qualified healthcare providers. The reserve for chargebacks is established in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue, net and a reduction to accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets. Chargeback amounts are generally determined at the time of resale to the qualified healthcare provider by customers, and the Company generally issues credits for such amounts within a few weeks of the customer’s notification to the Company of the resale. Chargebacks consist of credits the Company expects to issue for units that remain in the distribution channel at each reporting period-end that the Company expects will be sold to qualified healthcare providers and chargebacks that customers have claimed, but for which the Company has not yet issued a payment.

Government Rebates:

The Company is subject to discount obligations under state Medicaid programs and Medicare. These reserves are recorded in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue, net and the establishment of a current liability, which is included in accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s liability for these rebates consists of invoices received for claims from prior quarters that have not been paid or for which an invoice has not yet been received, estimates of claims for the current quarter, and estimates of future claims that will be made for product that has been recognized as revenue, but which remains in the distribution channel at the end of each reporting period.

Payor Rebates:

The Company contracts with certain private payor organizations, primarily insurance companies and pharmacy benefit managers, for the payment of rebates with respect to utilization of its products. The Company estimates these rebates and records such estimates in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue, net and the establishment of a current liability, which is included in accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

Other Incentives:

Other incentives the Company offers include voluntary patient assistance programs, such as the co-pay assistance program, which are intended to provide financial assistance to qualified commercially insured patients with prescription drug co-payments required by payors. The calculation of the accrual for co-pay assistance is based on an estimate of claims and the cost per claim that the Company expects to receive associated with product that has been recognized as revenue, but remains in the distribution channel at the end of each reporting period.  The adjustments are recorded in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue and the establishment of a current liability, which is included as a component of accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

 

License Revenue:

The Company also recognizes license revenue under certain of the Company’s sub-license agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606. The terms of these agreements may contain multiple performance obligations, which may include licenses and research and development activities. The Company evaluates these agreements under ASC 606 to determine the distinct performance obligations. Non-refundable, upfront fees that are not contingent on any future performance and require no consequential continuing involvement by the Company, are recognized as revenue when the license term commences and the licensed data, technology or product is delivered. The Company defers recognition of non-refundable upfront license fees if the performance obligations are not satisfied.

Prior to recognizing revenue, the Company makes estimates of the transaction price, including variable consideration that is subject to a constraint. Amounts of variable consideration are included in the transaction price to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

10


 

If there are multiple distinct performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The standalone selling price is generally determined based on the prices charged to customers or using expected cost-plus margin. Revenue is recognized by measuring the progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligations using an input measure.

Since 2018, the Company has entered into sub-license agreements with certain sub-licensees in territories outside of the United States. These sub-licensing agreements grant certain intellectual property rights and set forth various respective obligations with respect to actions such as development, pursuit and maintenance of regulatory approvals, commercialization and supply of NERLYNX in the sub-licensees’ respective territories.

License fees under the sub-license agreements include one-time upfront payments when each sub-license agreement was executed and potential additional one-time milestone payments due to the Company upon successful completion of certain performance obligations, such as achieving regulatory approvals or sales target thresholds, and potential double-digit royalties on sales of the licensed product, calculated as a percentage of net sales of the licensed product throughout each sub-licensee’s respective territory.  For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2020, pursuant to the sub-license agreements, the Company recognized as license revenue, upfront payments totaling $0.5 million and development-based milestone payments totaling $22.2 million. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized no license revenue. The beginning balance of accounts receivable, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet for license revenue from the sub-license agreements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $2.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, $2.5 million in license revenue from the sub-license agreements is included in accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2020, the total potential milestone payments that would be due to the Company upon achievement of all respective performance obligations under the sub-license agreements is approximately $536.3 million. At this time, the Company cannot estimate if or when these milestone-related performance obligations might be achieved.

 

Royalty Revenue:

 

For sub-license agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when the related sales occur in accordance with the sales-based royalty exception under ASC 606-10-55-65. Royalty revenue consists of consideration earned related to international sales of NERLYNX made by the Company’s sub-licensees in their respective territories. The Company recognizes royalty revenue when the performance obligations have been satisfied. Royalty revenue was $1.4 million and $3.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

Royalties:

Royalties incurred in connection with the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer, as disclosed in Note 13Commitments and Contingencies, are expensed to cost of sales as revenue from product sales is recognized.

Research and Development Expenses:

Research and development expenses, or R&D Expenses, are charged to operations as incurred. The major components of R&D Expenses include clinical manufacturing costs, clinical trial expenses, consulting and other third-party costs, salaries and employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, supplies and materials, and allocations of various overhead costs. Clinical trial expenses include, but are not limited to, investigator fees, site costs, comparator drug costs, and clinical research organization, or CRO, costs. In the normal course of business, the Company contracts with third parties to perform various clinical trial activities in the ongoing development of potential products. The financial terms of these agreements are subject to negotiation and variations from contract to contract and may result in uneven payment flows. Payments under the contracts depend on factors such as the achievement of certain events, the successful enrollment of patients and the completion of portions of the clinical trial or similar conditions. The Company’s accruals for clinical trials are based on estimates of the services received and efforts expended pursuant to contracts with numerous clinical trial sites, cooperative groups and CROs. As actual costs become known, the Company adjusts its accruals in that period.

In instances where the Company enters into agreements with third parties for clinical trials and other consulting activities, upfront amounts are recorded to prepaid expenses and other in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and expensed as services are performed or as the underlying goods are delivered. If the Company does not expect the services to be rendered or goods to be delivered, any remaining capitalized amounts for non-refundable upfront payments are charged to expense immediately. Amounts due under such arrangements may be either fixed fee or fee for service, and may include upfront payments, monthly payments and payments upon the completion of milestones or receipt of deliverables.

11


 

Costs related to the acquisition of technology rights and patents for which development work is still in process are charged to operations as incurred and considered a component of R&D Expenses.

Stock-Based Compensation:

Stock Option Awards:

ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, or ASC 718, requires the fair value of all share-based payments to employees and nonemployees, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations over the requisite service period. Under ASC 718, employee and nonemployee option grants are generally valued at the grant date and those valuations do not change once they have been established. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method. As allowed by ASC 718, the Company’s estimate of expected volatility is based on its average volatilities using its past six years of publicly traded history. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant valuation. Option forfeitures are estimated when the option is granted to reduce the option expense to be recognized over the life of the award. The estimated forfeiture rate considers historical employee turnover rates stratified into employee pools, actual forfeiture experience and other factors. The option expense is adjusted upon the actual forfeiture of a stock option grant and the Company periodically revises the estimated forfeiture rate in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Due to its limited history of stock option exercises, the Company uses the simplified method to determine the expected life of the option grants. Compensation expense related to modified stock options is measured based on the fair value for the awards as of the modification date.  Any incremental compensation expense arising from the excess of the fair value of the awards on the modification date compared to the fair value of the awards immediately before the modification date is recognized at the modification date or ratably over the requisite service period, as appropriate.

Restricted Stock Units:

RSUs are valued on the grant date and the fair value of the RSUs is equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.  The RSU expense is recognized over the requisite service period. When the requisite service period begins prior to the grant date (because the service inception date occurs prior to the grant date), the Company is required to begin recognizing compensation cost before there is a measurement date (i.e., the grant date). The service inception date is the beginning of the requisite service period. If the service inception date precedes the grant date, accrual of compensation cost for periods before the grant date shall be based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date. In the period in which the grant date occurs, cumulative compensation cost shall be adjusted to reflect the cumulative effect of measuring compensation cost based on fair value at the grant date rather than the fair value previously used at the service inception date (or any subsequent reporting date). RSU forfeitures are estimated when the RSU is granted to reduce the RSU expense to be recognized over the life of the award. The estimated forfeiture rate considers historical employee turnover rates stratified into employee pools, actual forfeiture experience and other factors. The RSU expense is adjusted upon the actual forfeiture of an RSU grant and the Company periodically revises the estimated forfeiture rate in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Compensation expense related to modified restricted stock units is measured based on the fair value for the awards as of the modification date. Any incremental compensation expense arising from the excess of the fair value of the awards on the modification date compared to the fair value of the awards immediately before the modification date is recognized at the modification date or ratably over the requisite service period, as appropriate.

Warrants:

Warrants (refer to Note 11 for further details) granted to employees and nonemployees are normally valued at the fair value of the instrument on the grant date and are recognized in the statement of operations over the requisite service period. When the requisite service period precedes the grant date and a market condition exists in the warrant, the Company values the warrant using the Monte Carlo Simulation Method. When the terms of the warrant become fixed, the Company values the warrant using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method. As allowed by ASC 718, the Company’s estimate of expected volatility is based on its average volatilities using its publicly traded history. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the warrant is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant valuation. In determining the value of the warrant until the terms are fixed, the Company factors in the probability of the market condition occurring and several possible scenarios. When the requisite service period precedes the grant date and is deemed to be complete, the Company records the fair value of the warrant at the time of issuance as an equity stock-based compensation transaction. The grant date is determined when all pertinent information, such as exercise price and quantity are known.

Income Taxes:

 

The Company follows ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, or ASC 740, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the consolidated financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the asset will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

 

12


 

The standard addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the consolidated financial statements. Under ASC 740, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures.  As of September 30, 2020, the Company’s uncertain tax position reserves include a reserve for its R&D credits.

Financial Instruments:

The carrying value of financial instruments, such as cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair value because of their short-term nature. The carrying value of long-term debt approximates its fair value as the principal amounts outstanding are subject to variable interest rates that are based on market rates, which are regularly reset.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents:

 

The Company classifies all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less as cash equivalents.

 

Restricted Cash:

 

Restricted cash represents cash held at financial institutions that is pledged as collateral for stand-by letters of credit for lease and legal verdict commitments. The lease-related letters of credit will lapse at the end of the respective lease terms through 2026. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had restricted cash in the amount of $12.2 million and $13.2 million, respectively.

Investment Securities:

The Company classifies all investment securities (short-term and long-term) as available-for-sale, as the sale of such securities may be required prior to maturity to implement management’s strategies. These securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity until realized. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities, if any, are determined on a specific identification basis.  In accordance with ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, credit losses on available-for-sale securities are reported using an expected loss model and recorded to an allowance. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to yield using the straight-line method. Interest income is recognized when earned.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, or ASC 820, provides a single definition of fair value and a common framework for measuring fair value as well as disclosure requirements for fair value measurements used in financial statements. Under ASC 820, fair value is determined based upon the exit price that would be received by a company to sell an asset or paid by a company to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, exclusive of any transaction costs. Fair value measurements are determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. The principal market is the market with the greatest level of activity and volume for the asset or liability. Absent a principal market to measure fair value, the Company uses the most advantageous market, which is the market from which the Company would receive the highest selling price for the asset or pay the lowest price to settle the liability, after considering transaction costs. However, when using the most advantageous market, transaction costs are only considered to determine which market is the most advantageous and these costs are then excluded when applying a fair value measurement. ASC 820 creates a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values. The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below, with Level 1 having the highest priority and Level 3 having the lowest.

 

Level 1:

  Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2:

  Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

 

Level 3:

  Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable.

 

13


 

Following are the major categories of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):

 

September 30, 2020

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Cash equivalents

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

74,360

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

Totals

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

18,942

 

 

$

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Cash equivalents

 

$

41,295

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

41,295

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

U.S. government securities

 

 

10,050

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,050

 

Totals

 

$

51,345

 

 

$

41,557

 

 

$

 

 

$

92,902

 

 

The Company’s investments in commercial paper, corporate bonds and U.S. government securities are exposed to price fluctuations. The fair value measurements for commercial paper, corporate bonds and U.S. government securities are based upon the quoted prices of similar items in active markets multiplied by the number of securities owned.

The following tables summarize the Company’s short-term investments (in thousands):

 

 

 

Maturity

 

Amortized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Estimated

 

September 30, 2020

 

(in years)

 

cost

 

 

Gains

 

 

Losses

 

 

fair value

 

Cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

74,360

 

Commercial paper

 

Less than 1

 

 

18,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

Totals

 

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maturity

 

Amortized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Estimated

 

December 31, 2019

 

(in years)

 

cost

 

 

Gains

 

 

Losses

 

 

fair value

 

Cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

41,295

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

41,295

 

Corporate bonds

 

Less than 1

 

 

41,507

 

 

 

50

 

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

U.S. government securities

 

Less than 1

 

 

10,038

 

 

 

12

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,050

 

Totals

 

 

 

$

92,840

 

 

$

62

 

 

$

 

 

$

92,902

 

 

Concentration of Risk:

 

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and accounts receivable, net. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation insured limits at September 30, 2020, were approximately $102.6 million. The Company does not believe it is exposed to any significant credit risk due to the quality nature of the financial instruments in which the money is held. Pursuant to the Company’s internal investment policy, investments must be rated A-1/P-1 or better by Standard and Poor’s Rating Service and Moody’s Investors Service at the time of purchase.

The Company sells its products in the United States primarily through specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors. Therefore, wholesale distributors and large pharmacy chains account for a large portion of its accounts receivables, net and product revenues, net. The creditworthiness of its customers is continuously monitored, and the Company has internal policies regarding customer credit limits. The Company estimates an allowance for doubtful accounts primarily based on the credit worthiness of its customers, historical payment patterns, aging of receivable balances and general economic conditions. The Company recorded $0 as an allowance for doubtful accounts as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The Company’s success depends on its ability to successfully commercialize NERLYNX. The Company currently has a single product and limited commercial sales experience, which makes it difficult to evaluate its current business, predict its future prospects and forecast financial performance and growth. The Company has invested a significant portion of its efforts and financial resources in the development and commercialization of the lead product, NERLYNX, and expects NERLYNX to constitute the vast majority of product revenue for the foreseeable future.  

The Company relies exclusively on third parties to formulate and manufacture NERLYNX and its drug candidates. The commercialization of NERLYNX and any other drug candidates, if approved, could be stopped, delayed or made less profitable if those third parties fail to provide sufficient quantities of product or fail to do so at acceptable quality levels or prices. The Company

14


 

has no experience in drug formulation or manufacturing and does not intend to establish its own manufacturing facilities. The Company lacks the resources and expertise to formulate or manufacture NERLYNX and other drug candidates. While the drug candidates were being developed by Pfizer, both the drug substance and drug product were manufactured by third-party contractors. The Company is using the same third-party contractors to manufacture, supply, store and distribute drug supplies for clinical trials and the commercialization of NERLYNX. If the Company is unable to continue its relationships with one or more of these third-party contractors, it could experience delays in the development or commercialization efforts as it locates and qualifies new manufacturers. The Company intends to rely on one or more third-party contractors to manufacture the commercial supply of drugs.

Inventory:

The Company values its inventories at the lower of cost and estimated net realizable value. The Company determines the cost of its inventories, which includes amounts related to materials and manufacturing overhead, on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company performs an assessment of the recoverability of capitalized inventory during each reporting period, and it writes down any excess and obsolete inventories to their estimated realizable value in the period in which the impairment is first identified. Such impairment charges, should they occur, are recorded within the cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations. The determination of whether inventory costs will be realizable requires estimates by management.  If actual market conditions are less favorable than projected by management, additional write-downs of inventory may be required, which would be recorded as a cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations.

The Company capitalizes inventory costs associated with the Company’s products after regulatory approval, if any, when, based on management’s judgment, future commercialization is considered probable and the future economic benefit is expected to be realized. Inventory that can be used in either the production of clinical or commercial product is recorded as R&D Expenses when selected for use in a clinical trial. Starter kits, provided to patients prior to insurance approval, are expensed by the Company to selling, general and administrative expense as incurred.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company’s inventory balance consisted primarily of raw materials purchased subsequent to FDA approval of NERLYNX.

 

Property and Equipment, Net:

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is generally three years for computer hardware and software, three years for phone equipment, and seven years for furniture and fixtures. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the lesser of the useful life or the lease term. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to operations. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

 

The Company reviews its long-lived assets used in operations for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable, as required by ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, or ASC 360. The Company performs a recoverability test by comparing the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows over the life of the asset to its carrying value on the consolidated balance sheet. If the undiscounted cash flows used in the recoverability test are less than the carrying value, the Company would then determine the fair value of the long-lived asset and recognize an impairment loss for the amount in excess of the carrying value.   

Leases:

 

ASC Topic 842, Leases, as adopted in the first quarter of 2019, requires lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet with a corresponding right-of-use asset, or ROU asset.  ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are evaluated for impairment using the long-lived assets impairment guidance, as required by ASC 360. A significant indication of impairment of an ROU asset would include a change in the extent or manner in which the asset is being used. The Company must make assumptions which underlie the most significant and subjective estimates in determining whether any impairment exists. Those estimates, and the underlying assumptions, include estimates of future cash flow utilizing market lease rates and determination of fair value. If an ROU asset related to an operating lease is impaired, the carrying value of the ROU asset post-impairment should be amortized on a straight-line basis through the earlier of the end of the useful life of the ROU asset or the end of the lease term. Post impairment, a lessee must calculate the amortization of the ROU asset and interest expense on the lease liability separately, although the sum of the two continues to be presented as a single lease cost. If a lease is planned to be abandoned with no intention of subleasing, the ROU asset should be assessed for impairment.

 

Leases will be classified as financing or operating, which will drive the expense recognition pattern. The Company elects to exclude short-term leases if and when the Company has them.  For additional information, see Note 6Leases.  

 

15


 

The Company leases office space and copy machines, all of which are operating leases. Most leases include the option to renew and the exercise of the renewal options is at the Company’s sole discretion. Options to extend or terminate a lease are considered in the lease term to the extent that the option is reasonably certain of exercise. The leases do not include options to purchase the leased property. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements is limited by the expected lease term. Covenants imposed by the leases include letters of credit required to be obtained by the lessee.

 

 

The incremental borrowing rate, or IBR, represents the rate of interest the Company would expect to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. When determinable, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to determine the present value of lease payments. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s average IBR for existing leases as of September 30, 2020 is 10.9%.

 

The Company decided to cease the use of a portion of its leased office space in 2019. In connection with the decreased need for the right to use the ROU asset, the Company entered into a sublease for the underlying asset, in which the sublease income is less than the original lease payments, indicating impairment. In performing the recoverability test on the effective date, the undiscounted future estimated cash flows and carrying value were identified for the subleased portion of the leased building, as an individual asset group, defined under ASC 360. A reduction to the carrying value of the ROU asset of approximately $1.2 million was recorded, representing the fair value amount in excess of the carrying value, with a corresponding impairment charge recorded as selling, general and administration expense, in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. There were no indications for impairment during the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

License Fees and Intangible Assets:

 

The Company expenses amounts paid to acquire licenses associated with products under development when the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid is uncertain and the technology has no alternative future use when acquired. Acquisitions of technology licenses are charged to expense or capitalized based upon the asset achieving technological feasibility in accordance with management’s assessment regarding the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid and the potential for alternative future use. The Company has determined that technological feasibility for its product candidates is reached when the requisite regulatory approvals are obtained to make the product available for sale. The Company capitalizes technology licenses upon reaching technological feasibility.

 

The Company maintains definite-lived intangible assets related to the license agreement with Pfizer. These assets are amortized over their remaining useful lives, which are estimated based on the shorter of the remaining patent life or the estimated useful life of the underlying product. Intangible assets are amortized using the economic consumption method if anticipated future revenues can be reasonably estimated. The straight-line method is used when future revenues cannot be reasonably estimated. Amortization costs are recorded as part of cost of sales.  

The Company assesses its intangible assets for impairment if indicators are present or changes in circumstance suggest that impairment may exist. Events that could result in an impairment, or trigger an interim impairment assessment, include the receipt of additional clinical or nonclinical data regarding one of the Company’s drug candidates or a potentially competitive drug candidate, changes in the clinical development program for a drug candidate, or new information regarding potential sales for the drug. If impairment indicators are present or changes in circumstance suggest that impairment may exist, the Company performs a recoverability test by comparing the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows of each intangible asset to its carrying value on the consolidated balance sheet. If the undiscounted cash flows used in the recoverability test are less than the carrying value, the Company would determine the fair value of the intangible asset and recognize an impairment loss if the carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value. In connection with the FDA approval of NERLYNX in July 2017, the Company triggered a one-time milestone payment pursuant to its license agreement with Pfizer. In June 2020, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Pfizer relating to the method of payment associated with a milestone payment under the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer (see Note 13-Commitments and Contingencies). The Company capitalized the milestones as intangible assets and is amortizing the assets to cost of sales on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the licensed patent through 2030. The Company recorded amortization expense related to its intangible assets of $2.0 million and $4.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, estimated future amortization expense related to the Company’s intangible assets was approximately $2.0 million for the remainder of 2020 and $8.0 million for each year starting 2021 through 2029, and $2.0 million for 2030.

16


 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards:

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires that credit losses be reported using an expected losses model rather than the incurred losses model that is currently used, and establishes additional disclosures related to credit risks. For trade accounts receivable, the Company recognizes credit losses based on lifetime expected losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, this standard now requires allowances to be recorded instead of reducing the amortized cost of the investment. These amendments under ASU 2016-13 are effective for interim and annual fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13, and the adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s current financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosures.

 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The amendments in ASU 2018-13 modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The amendments did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, as part of its Simplification Initiative to reduce the cost and complexity in accounting for income taxes. The amendments in ASU 2019-12 remove certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. ASU 2019-12 also amends other aspects of the guidance to help simplify and promote consistent application of GAAP. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect ASU 2019-12 to have a material effect on the Company’s current financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosures.

 

Note 3—Accounts Receivable, Net:

 

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

$

24,637

 

 

$

26,396

 

License revenue receivable

 

 

2,500

 

 

 

2,500

 

Total accounts receivable, net

 

$

27,137

 

 

$

28,896

 

 

Accounts receivable, net, consists entirely of amounts owed from our customers related to product sales. The license revenue receivable as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 relates to an amount owed from Pint Pharma International, S.A. relating to license revenue recognized during the third quarter of 2019.

 

Note 4—Prepaid Expenses and Other:

 

Prepaid expenses and other consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CRO services

 

$

1,420

 

 

$

4,810

 

Other clinical development

 

 

2,752

 

 

 

2,043

 

Insurance

 

 

590

 

 

 

3,452

 

Professional fees

 

 

831

 

 

 

544

 

Other

 

 

2,432

 

 

 

2,410

 

 

 

 

8,025

 

 

 

13,259

 

Long-term:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CRO services

 

 

687

 

 

 

400

 

Other clinical development

 

 

369

 

 

 

468

 

Other

 

 

1,764

 

 

 

1,131

 

 

 

 

2,820

 

 

 

1,999

 

Totals

 

$

10,845

 

 

$

15,258

 

 

17


 

Other current prepaid amounts consist primarily of deposits, signing bonuses, licenses, subscriptions and software. Other long-term prepaid amounts consist primarily of deposits, signing bonuses, licenses, subscriptions, software, a capitalized sublease commission and a sublease tenant improvement allowance, net of amortization.  

 

Note 5—Other Current Assets:

 

Other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Deposit for manufacturing costs

 

$

3,376

 

 

$

 

Other

 

 

50

 

 

 

323

 

Totals

 

$

3,426

 

 

$

323

 

 

Other current asset amounts consist primarily of capitalized sublease commission and a sublease tenant improvement allowance, net of amortization.

 

 

Note 6—Leases:

 

In December 2011, the Company entered into a non-cancelable operating lease for office space in Los Angeles, California, which was subsequently amended in November 2012, December 2013, March 2014, July 2015, and December 2017. The initial term of the lease was for seven years and commenced on December 10, 2011. As amended, the Company rents approximately 65,656 square feet. The term of the lease runs until March 2026, and rent amounts payable by the Company increase approximately 3% per year. Concurrent with the execution of the lease, the Company provided the landlord an automatically renewable stand-by letter of credit in the amount of $2.0 million. The stand-by letter of credit is collateralized by a high-yield savings account, which is classified as restricted cash, long-term on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

In June 2012, the Company entered into a long-term lease agreement for office space in South San Francisco, California, which was subsequently amended in May 2014 and July 2015. As amended, the Company rents approximately 29,470 square feet. The term of this lease runs until March 2026, with the option to extend for an additional five-year term, and rents payable by the Company increase approximately 3% per year. The Company provided the landlord an automatically renewable stand-by letter of credit in the amount of $1.1 million. The stand-by letter of credit is collateralized by a high-yield savings account, which is classified as restricted cash, long-term on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company also leases copier equipment for use in the office spaces. Components of lease expense include fixed lease expense and variable lease expense of approximately $3.5 million and $0.3 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Fixed lease expense and variable lease expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, was approximately $3.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For purposes of determining straight-line rent expense, the lease term is calculated from the date the Company first takes possession of the facility, including any periods of free rent and any renewal option periods that the Company is reasonably certain of exercising. The Company’s office and equipment leases generally have contractually specified minimum rent and annual rent increases that are included in the measurement of the ROU asset and related lease liability. Additionally, under these lease arrangements, the Company may be required to pay directly, or reimburse the lessors, for real estate taxes, insurance, utilities, maintenance and other operating costs. Such amounts are generally variable and therefore not included in the measurement of the ROU asset and related lease liability but are instead recognized as variable lease expense in selling, general and administrative costs in the consolidated statements of operations when they are incurred

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the nine months ended September 30, 2020:

 

Operating cash flows for operating leases (in thousands)

 

$

4,194

 

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities

 

 

 

Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)

 

 

5.5

 

Weighted average discount rate

 

 

10.9

%

 

 

18


 

The maturity of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Amount

 

2020 (remaining)

 

$

1,312

 

2021

 

 

5,365

 

2022

 

 

5,483

 

2023

 

 

5,631

 

2024

 

 

5,805

 

Thereafter

 

 

7,491

 

Total

 

$

31,087

 

Less: imputed interest

 

 

(7,751

)

Total lease liabilities

 

$

23,336

 

 

 

In February 2019, the Company entered into a long-term sublease agreement for 12,429 square feet of the office space in Los Angeles, California. The term of the lease runs until March 2026 and rent amounts payable to the Company increase approximately 3% per year. The Company recorded operating sublease income of $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, in other income (expenses) in the consolidated statements of operations.

The future minimum lease payments to be received as of September 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Amount

 

2020 (remaining)

 

$

115

 

2021

 

 

467

 

2022

 

 

481

 

2023

 

 

495

 

2024

 

 

510

 

Thereafter

 

 

659

 

Total

 

$

2,727

 

 

Note 7—Property and Equipment, Net:

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Leasehold improvements

 

$

3,779

 

 

$

3,779

 

Computer equipment

 

 

2,213

 

 

 

2,698

 

Telephone equipment

 

 

340

 

 

 

340

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

 

2,359

 

 

 

2,346

 

 

 

 

8,691

 

 

 

9,163

 

Less: accumulated depreciation

 

 

(6,032

)

 

 

(5,859

)

Totals

 

$

2,659

 

 

$

3,304

 

 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company incurred depreciation expense of $0.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

 

 

Note 8—Intangible Assets, Net:

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Acquired and in-licensed rights

 

$

90,000

 

 

$

50,000

 

Less: accumulated amortization

 

 

(13,856

)

 

 

(9,539

)

Total intangible asset, net

 

$

76,144

 

 

$

40,461

 

 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company incurred amortization expense of $2.0 million and $4.3 million, respectively. In June 2020, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Pfizer relating to the method of payment associated with a one-time milestone payment under the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer (see Note 13-Commitments and Contingencies). The estimated remaining useful life of the intangible assets as of September 30, 2020 is 9.5 years.

 

 

19


 

Note 9—Accrued Expenses:

Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued legal verdict expense

 

$

22,569

 

 

$

31,350

 

Accrued royalties

 

 

8,002

 

 

 

8,866

 

Accrued CRO services

 

 

3,510

 

 

 

8,502

 

Accrued variable consideration

 

 

13,368

 

 

 

7,978

 

Accrued bonus

 

 

5,968

 

 

 

1,618

 

Accrued compensation

 

 

4,688

 

 

 

4,138

 

Accrued other clinical development

 

 

1,531

 

 

 

2,546

 

Accrued professional fees

 

 

2,430

 

 

 

1,775

 

Accrued legal fees

 

 

545

 

 

 

266

 

Accrued manufacturing costs

 

 

494

 

 

 

869

 

Other

 

 

366

 

 

 

1,122

 

 

 

 

63,471

 

 

 

69,030

 

Long-term:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued legal verdict expense

 

 

24,822

 

 

 

 

Accrued CRO services

 

 

542

 

 

 

 

Accrued compensation

 

 

92

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

37

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25,493

 

 

 

 

Totals

 

$

88,964

 

 

$

69,030

 

 

Accrued CRO services, accrued other clinical development expenses, and accrued legal fees represent the Company’s estimates of such costs and are recognized as incurred. Accrued royalties represent royalties incurred in connection with the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer. Accrued compensation includes accrued commissions and accrued vacation, which is accrued at the rate the employee earns vacation and reduced as vacation is used by the employee. Accrued variable consideration represents estimates of adjustments to product revenue, net for which reserves are established. Other accrued expenses consist primarily of accrued contractor/consultant costs, business license fees, taxes, insurance, and marketing fees.

Long-term accrued legal verdict expense represents the Company’s estimate of $24.8 million that may be owed to class action participants as a result of the jury verdict in Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. While the final claims report received in Hsu reflects a total of $50.5 million in claimed damages, the Company intends to challenge these claims and estimates that actual claims could be as low as $24.8 million. The actual amount of damages in Hsu is uncertain and will be ascertained only after an extensive claims challenge process, the completion of post-trial proceedings and the exhaustion of any appeals. As a result, the Company has estimated the legal verdict expense for Hsu to be $24.8 million. Actual damages in the Hsu matter may be higher than the Company’s estimate. In addition, on September 9, 2019, the Court entered an order specifying the rate of prejudgment interest to be awarded on any valid claims at the 52-week Treasury Bill rate. Current accrued legal verdict expense represents an estimate of $22.6 million that may be owed to the plaintiff as a result of the jury verdict in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. The total amount of damages in Eshelman is uncertain and will be ascertained only after the completion of post-trial proceedings and the exhaustion of any appeals. It is also reasonably possible that the total damages in Eshelman will be higher than this estimate.  

 

All accrued expenses are adjusted in the period the actual costs become known.

 

Note 10—Debt:

 

Long term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

Maturity Date

Total debt

 

$

100,000

 

 

June 1, 2024

Accretion of final interest payment

 

 

2,951

 

 

 

Less: current portion of long-term debt

 

 

(5,714

)

 

 

Less: deferred financing costs

 

 

(5,523

)

 

 

Total long-term debt, net

 

$

91,714

 

 

 

 

20


 

Loan and Security Agreement:

 

In October 2017, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement with Silicon Valley Bank, or SVB, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto from time to time, or the Original Lenders, including Oxford Finance LLC, or Oxford, and SVB. Pursuant to the terms of the credit facility provided for by the loan and security agreement, or the Original Credit Facility, the Company borrowed $50.0 million.

In May 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the loan and security agreement, which provided for an amended credit facility, or the Amended Credit Facility. Under the Amended Credit Facility, the Original Lenders agreed to make term loans available to the Company in an aggregate amount of $155.0 million, consisting of (i) an aggregate amount of $125.0 million, the proceeds of which, in part, were used to repay the $50.0 million borrowed under the Original Credit Facility, and (ii) an aggregate amount of $30.0 million that the Company drew in December 2018, which was available under the Amended Credit Facility as a result of achieving a specified minimum revenue milestone.          

     

On June 28, 2019, or the Effective Date, the Company entered into an amendment and restatement of the loan and security agreement, which provided for a new credit facility, or the New Credit Facility, with Oxford, as collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto from time to time, including Oxford, pursuant to which the Company repaid the $155.0 million outstanding under the Amended Credit Facility, as well as all applicable exit and prepayment fees owed to the Original Lenders under the Amended Credit Facility, using cash on hand and $100.0 million in new borrowings from the New Credit Facility.  Under the New Credit Facility, the Company issued to Oxford new and/or replacement secured promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount for all such promissory notes of $100.0 million evidencing the New Credit Facility.  No additional money remains available to the Company under the New Credit Facility.

The New Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s personal property other than its intellectual property.  The Company also pledged 65% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of its subsidiaries, Puma Biotechnology Ltd. and Puma Biotechnology B.V.  The New Credit Facility limits the Company’s ability to grant any interest in its intellectual property to certain permitted licenses and permitted encumbrances set forth in the agreement.

The term loans under the New Credit Facility bear interest at an annual rate equal to the greater of (i) 9.0% and (ii) the sum of (a) the “prime rate,” as reported in The Wall Street Journal on the last business day of the month that immediately precedes the month in which the interest will accrue, plus (b) 3.5%. The Company is required to make monthly interest-only payments on each term loan under the New Credit Facility commencing on the first calendar day of the calendar month following the funding date of such term loan, and continuing on the first calendar day of each calendar month thereafter through August 1, 2021, or the Amortization Date. Commencing on the Amortization Date, and continuing on the first calendar day of each calendar month thereafter, the Company will make consecutive equal monthly payments of principal, together with applicable interest, in arrears to each lender under the New Credit Facility, calculated pursuant to the New Credit Facility. All unpaid principal and accrued and unpaid interest with respect to each term loan under the New Credit Facility is due and payable in full on June 1, 2024, or the Maturity Date. Upon repayment of such term loans, the Company is also required to make a final payment to the lenders equal to  7.5% of the aggregate principal amount of such term loans outstanding as of the Effective Date. The effective interest rate as of September 30, 2020 was 12.75%.

At the Company’s option, the Company may prepay the outstanding principal balance of any term loan in whole but not in part, subject to a prepayment fee of 3.0% of any amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs through and including the first anniversary of the funding date of such term loan, 2.0% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after the first anniversary of the funding date of such term loan through and including the second anniversary of the funding date of such term loan, and 1.0% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after the second anniversary of the funding date of such term loan and prior to the Maturity Date.

21


 

The New Credit Facility includes affirmative and negative covenants applicable to the Company, its current subsidiaries and any subsidiaries the Company creates in the future. The affirmative covenants include, among others, covenants requiring the Company to maintain its legal existence and governmental approvals, deliver certain financial reports, maintain insurance coverage and satisfy certain requirements regarding deposit accounts. The Company must also achieve certain product revenue targets, measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter on a trailing year-to-date basis. New minimum revenue levels will be established for each subsequent fiscal year by mutual agreement of the Company, Oxford, as collateral agent, and the lenders under the New Credit Facility. The negative covenants include, among others, restrictions on the Company’s transferring collateral, incurring additional indebtedness, engaging in mergers or acquisitions, paying dividends or making other distributions, making investments, creating liens, selling assets and suffering a change in control, in each case subject to certain exceptions.

 

The New Credit Facility also includes events of default, the occurrence and continuation of which could cause interest to be charged at the rate that is otherwise applicable plus 5.0% and would provide Oxford, as collateral agent, with the right to exercise remedies against the Company and the collateral securing the New Credit Facility, including foreclosure against the property securing the New Credit Facility, including the Company’s cash. These events of default include, among other things, the Company’s failure to pay principal or interest due under the New Credit Facility, a breach of certain covenants under the New Credit Facility, the Company’s insolvency, a material adverse change, the occurrence of any default under certain other indebtedness in an amount greater than $500,000 and one or more judgments against the Company in an amount greater than $500,000 individually or in the aggregate that remains unsatisfied, unvacated, or unstayed for a period of 10 days after its entry.

 

On August 5, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the amended and restated loan and security agreement to revise the minimum revenue levels that it must achieve under the terms of the New Credit Facility for the year-to-date periods ending September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2020.

As of September 30, 2020, there were $100.0 million in term loans outstanding under the New Credit Facility, representing all of the Company’s long-term debt outstanding as of that date. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all applicable covenants under the New Credit Facility.

The future minimum principal payments under the New Credit Facility as of September 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Amount

 

2020 (remaining)

 

$

 

2021

 

 

14,286

 

2022

 

 

34,286

 

2023

 

 

34,286

 

2024

 

 

17,142

 

Thereafter

 

 

 

Total

 

$

100,000

 

 

 

Deferred Financing Costs

 

Deferred financing costs consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Deferred financing costs

 

$

8,668

 

 

$

8,668

 

Less: accumulated amortization

 

 

(3,145

)

 

 

(1,701

)

Included in long-term debt

 

$

5,523

 

 

$

6,967

 

 

Deferred financing costs are financing costs related to the Company’s outstanding debt. Amortization of debt issuance costs is expensed using the effective interest method and is included in interest expense. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded approximately $1.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively, of interest expense related to the amortization of debt issuance costs.

 

Paycheck Protection Program Loan:

On April 20, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds from SVB of $8.4 million under the Paycheck Protection Program, or PPP, of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act.  Following the issuance of additional guidance from the U.S. Small Business Administration regarding eligibility requirements for borrowers under the PPP, the Company returned the full amount of the loan to SVB on April 30, 2020.

 

 

 

22


 

Note 11—Stockholders’ Equity:

Common Stock:

 

The Company issued 12,000 and 87,625 shares of common stock upon exercise of stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  The Company issued 505,627 and 531,112 shares of common stock upon vesting of RSUs during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Authorized Shares:

The Company has 100,000,000 shares of stock authorized for issuance, all of which are common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.     

Warrants:

In October 2011, the Company issued an anti-dilutive warrant to Alan Auerbach, the Company’s founder and chief executive officer.  The warrant was issued to provide Mr. Auerbach with the right to maintain ownership of at least 20% of the Company’s common stock in the event that the Company raised capital through the sale of its securities in the future.

In connection with the closing of a public offering in October 2012, the exercise price and number of shares underlying the warrant issued to Mr. Auerbach were established and, accordingly, the final value of the warrant became fixed. Pursuant to the terms of the warrant, Mr. Auerbach may exercise the warrant to acquire 2,116,250 shares of the Company’s common stock at $16 per share until October 4, 2021.

Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units:

The Company’s 2011 Incentive Award Plan, as amended, or the 2011 Plan, was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on September 15, 2011. Pursuant to the 2011 Plan, the Company may grant incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options, as well as other forms of equity-based compensation. Incentive stock options may be granted only to employees, while consultants, employees, officers and directors are eligible for the grant of nonqualified options under the 2011 Plan. The maximum term of stock options granted under the 2011 Plan is 10 years and the awards generally vest over a three-year period. The exercise price of incentive stock options granted under the 2011 Plan must be at least equal to the fair value of such shares on the date of grant. Through September 30, 2020, a total of 12,529,412 shares of the Company’s common stock had been reserved for issuance under the 2011 Plan.   

All of the options awarded by the Company have been “plain vanilla options” as determined by the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin 107 - Share Based Payment. As of September 30, 2020, 6,108,663 shares of the Company’s common stock are issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and vesting of RSUs granted under the 2011 Plan and 2,204,978 shares of the Company’s common stock are available for future issuance under the 2011 Plan. The fair value of options granted to employees and nonemployees was estimated using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method (see Note 2) with the following weighted-average assumptions used during the nine months ended September 30:

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Dividend yield

 

 

0.0

%

 

 

0.0

%

Expected volatility

 

 

100.6

%

 

 

99.9

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

0.9

%

 

 

2.5

%

Expected life in years

 

 

5.81

 

 

 

5.76

 

 

23


 

The Company’s 2017 Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan, or the 2017 Plan, was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on April 27, 2017. Pursuant to the 2017 Plan, the Company may grant stock options and RSUs, as well as other forms of equity-based compensation to employees, as an inducement to join the Company. The maximum term of stock options granted under the 2017 Plan is 10 years and the awards generally vest over a three-year period. The exercise price of stock options granted under the 2017 Plan must be at least equal to the fair market value of such shares on the date of grant. As of September 30, 2020, a total of 2,000,000  shares of the Company’s common stock have been reserved for issuance under the 2017 Plan. As of September 30, 2020, 1,308,533 shares of the Company’s common stock are issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and vesting of RSUs granted under the 2017 Plan and 453,538 shares of the Company’s common stock are available for future issuance under the 2017 Plan.

 

Stock-based compensation expense was as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended

 

 

For the Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Stock-based compensation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options -

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, general, and administrative

 

$

1,025

 

 

$

1,768

 

 

$

2,908

 

 

$

6,706

 

Research and development

 

 

723

 

 

 

1,786

 

 

 

2,295

 

 

 

6,001

 

Restricted stock units -

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, general, and administrative

 

 

3,076

 

 

 

3,832

 

 

 

10,615

 

 

 

16,221

 

Research and development

 

 

2,741

 

 

 

4,827

 

 

 

11,284

 

 

 

16,863

 

Total stock-based compensation expense

 

$

7,565

 

 

$

12,213

 

 

$

27,102

 

 

$

45,791

 

 

Activity with respect to options granted under the 2011 Plan and 2017 Plan is summarized as follows:

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price

 

 

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Term (years)

 

 

Aggregate

Intrinsic Value

(in thousands)

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2019

 

 

5,042,325

 

 

$

82.42

 

 

 

5.2

 

 

$

1,951

 

Granted

 

 

700,853

 

 

$

10.03

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

(12,000

)

 

$

3.75

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

80

 

Expired

 

 

(551,597

)

 

$

92.49

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at September 30, 2020

 

 

5,179,581

 

 

$

71.73

 

 

 

5.3

 

 

$

3,351

 

Nonvested at September 30, 2020

 

 

1,008,221

 

 

$

12.10

 

 

 

9.3

 

 

 

1,213

 

Exercisable

 

 

4,171,360

 

 

$

86.14

 

 

 

4.3

 

 

$

2,138

 

 

At September 30, 2020, total estimated unrecognized employee compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted prior to that date was approximately $7.7 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years. At September 30, 2020, the total estimated unrecognized employee compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs was approximately $24.3  million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.5  years. The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $7.81  and $21.82 per share, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of RSUs awarded during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $10.57 and $20.36 per share, respectively.    

 

Stock Option Rollforward

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Grant-Date

Fair Value

 

Nonvested shares at December 31, 2019

 

 

439,194

 

 

 

19.38

 

Granted

 

 

700,853

 

 

 

7.81

 

Vested/Issued

 

 

(131,826

)

 

 

34.03

 

Nonvested shares at September 30, 2020

 

 

1,008,221

 

 

$

9.42

 

 

24


 

Restricted Stock Unit Rollforward

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Grant-Date

Fair Value

 

Nonvested shares at December 31, 2019

 

 

1,991,125

 

 

$

27.63

 

Granted

 

 

1,174,491

 

 

 

10.57

 

Vested/Issued

 

 

(505,627

)

 

 

42.19

 

Forfeited

 

 

(422,374

)

 

 

23.18

 

Nonvested shares at September 30, 2020

 

 

2,237,615

 

 

$

16.23

 

 

 

Note 12—401(k) Savings Plan:

During 2012, the Company adopted a 401(k) savings plan for the benefit of its employees. The Company is required to make matching contributions to the 401(k) plan equal to 100% of the first 3% of wages deferred by each participating employee and 50% on the next 2% of wages deferred by each participating employee. The Company incurred expenses for employer matching contributions of approximately $1.1 million and $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

Note 13—Commitments and Contingencies:

Contractual Obligations:

Contractual obligations represent future cash commitments and liabilities under agreements with third parties, and exclude contingent liabilities for which the Company cannot reasonably predict future payment. The Company’s contractual obligations result primarily from obligations for various contract manufacturing organizations and clinical research organizations, which include potential payments we may be required to make under our agreements. The contracts also contain variable costs and milestones that are hard to predict as they are based on such things as patients enrolled and clinical trial sites. The timing of payments and actual amounts paid under contract manufacturing organization, or CMO, and CRO agreements may be different depending on the timing of receipt of goods or services or changes to agreed-upon terms or amounts for some obligations. Also, those agreements are cancelable upon written notice by the Company and, therefore, not long-term liabilities.

 

License Agreement:

 

In August 2011, the Company entered into an agreement pursuant to which Pfizer agreed to grant it a worldwide license for the development, manufacture and commercialization of PB272 neratinib (oral), PB272 neratinib (intravenous) and PB357, and certain related compounds. The license is exclusive with respect to certain patent rights owned by or licensed to Pfizer. Under the agreement, the Company is obligated to commence a new clinical trial for a product containing one of these compounds within a specified period of time and to use commercially reasonable efforts to complete clinical trials and to achieve certain milestones as provided in a development plan. From the closing date of the agreement through December 31, 2011, Pfizer continued to conduct the existing clinical trials on behalf of the Company at Pfizer’s sole expense. At the Company’s request, Pfizer has agreed to continue to perform certain services in support of the existing clinical trials at the Company’s expense. These services will continue through the completion of the transitioned clinical trials. The license agreement “capped” the out of pocket expense the Company would incur to complete the then existing clinical trials. All agreed upon costs incurred by the Company above the “cost cap” would be reimbursed by Pfizer. The Company exceeded the “cost cap” during the fourth quarter of 2012. In accordance with the license agreement, the Company billed Pfizer for agreed upon costs above the “cost cap” until December 31, 2013.

 

On July 18, 2014, the Company entered into an amendment to the license agreement with Pfizer. The amendment amends the agreement to (1) reduce the royalty rate payable by the Company to Pfizer on sales of licensed products; (2) release Pfizer from its obligation to pay for certain out-of-pocket costs incurred or accrued on or after January 1, 2014 to complete certain ongoing clinical studies; and (3) provide that Pfizer and the Company will continue to cooperate to effect the transfer to the Company of certain records, regulatory filings, materials and inventory controlled by Pfizer as promptly as reasonably practicable.

 

25


 

As consideration for the license, the Company is required to make substantial payments upon the achievement of certain milestones totaling approximately $187.5 million if all such milestones are achieved. In connection with the FDA approval of NERLYNX in July of 2017, the Company triggered a one-time milestone payment pursuant to the agreement. In June 2020, the Company entered into a letter agreement, or the Letter Agreement, with Pfizer relating to the method of payment associated with a one-time milestone payment under the license agreement with Pfizer. The Letter Agreement permits the Company to make the milestone payment in installments with the amounts payable to Pfizer (including interest) to be made in November 2020 for approximately $10.4 million and in September 2021 for approximately $21.9 million. Unpaid portions of the milestone payment will accrue interest at 6.25% per annum until paid. The installment payments and accrued interest are included in accrued in-licensed rights on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company may trigger additional milestone payments in the future. Should the Company commercialize any more of the compounds licensed from Pfizer or any products containing any of these compounds, the Company will be obligated to pay to Pfizer annual royalties at a fixed rate in the low-to-mid teens of net sales of all such products, subject to certain reductions and offsets in some circumstances. The Company’s royalty obligation continues, on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis, until the later of (1) the last to expire licensed patent covering the applicable licensed product in such country, or (2) the earlier of generic competition for such licensed product reaching a certain level in such country or expiration of a certain time period after first commercial sale of such licensed product in such country. In the event that the Company sublicenses the rights granted to the Company under the license agreement with Pfizer to a third party, the same milestone and royalty payments are required. The Company can terminate the license agreement at will, or for safety concerns, in each case upon specified advance notice.

Legal Proceedings:

 

The Company and certain of its executive officers were named as defendants in the lawsuits detailed below. The Company records a liability in the consolidated financial statements for loss contingencies when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If the reasonable estimate of a known or probable loss is a range, and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other, the minimum amount of the range is accrued. If a loss is reasonably possible but not known or probable, and can be reasonably estimated, the estimated loss or range of loss is disclosed. When determining the estimated loss or range of loss, significant judgment is required to estimate the amount and timing of a loss to be recorded. Currently, the Company has accrued estimated losses of $24.8 million related to Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. and $22.6 million related to Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. as detailed below. For certain legal expenses related to the verdicts listed below, the Company has received reimbursements from its insurers.      

Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc.

   

On June 3, 2015, Hsingching Hsu, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, filed a class action lawsuit against the Company and certain of its executive officers in the United States District Court for the Central District of California (Case No. 8:15-cv-00865-AG-JCG). On October 16, 2015, lead plaintiff Norfolk Pension Fund filed a consolidated complaint on behalf of all persons who purchased the Company’s securities between July 22, 2014 and May 29, 2015. A trial on the claims relating to four statements alleged to have been false or misleading was held from January 15, 2019 to January 29, 2019. At trial, the jury found that three of the four challenged statements were not false or misleading, and thus found in the defendants’ favor on those claims. The jury found liability as to one statement and awarded a maximum of $4.50 per share in damages, which represents approximately 5% of the total claimed damages of $87.20 per share. On September 9, 2019, the Court entered an order specifying the rate of prejudgment interest to be awarded on any valid claims at the 52-week Treasury Bill rate. On September 8, 2020, the claims administrator submitted its final claims report to the Court and, on October 9, 2020, the claims administrator submitted its supplemental claims report. The claims report reflects approximately $50.5 million in claimed damages. The Company disagrees with the amount of claimed damages and has submitted a proposal to the Court for challenging claims. Based on a review of specific claims and subject to the outcome of the claims challenge process, the Company believes that total claimed damages after all claims challenges have been adjudicated could range from $24.8 million to $51.3 million. The total amount of aggregate class-wide damages still remains uncertain and will be ascertained only after the claims challenge process and the exhaustion of any appeals. It is reasonably possible that the final total damages awarded will differ from these estimates; however, the amount is not estimable at this time. A final judgment has not yet been entered.

  

 

Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al.

 

In February 2016, Fredric N. Eshelman filed a lawsuit against the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and President, Alan H. Auerbach, and the Company in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina (Case No. 7:16-cv-00018-D). The complaint generally alleged that Mr. Auerbach and the Company made defamatory statements regarding Dr. Eshelman in connection with a proxy contest. In May 2016, Dr. Eshelman filed a notice of voluntary dismissal of the claims against Mr. Auerbach. A trial on the remaining defamation claims against the Company took place from March 11 to March 15, 2019. At trial, the jury found the Company liable and awarded Dr. Eshelman $15.9 million in compensatory damages and $6.5 million in punitive damages. The Company strongly disagrees with the verdict and, on April 22, 2019, filed a motion for a new trial or, in the alternative, a reduced damages award. The Court denied that motion on March 2, 2020. The Company has appealed that ruling, and the verdict.

26


 

Additionally, after trial, the plaintiff filed a motion seeking approximately $3 million in attorneys’ fees, as well as prejudgment interest. In the Court’s March 2 ruling, it denied the motion for attorneys’ fees but granted the request for prejudgment interest, bringing the total judgment to $26.3 million. On March 30, 2020, the plaintiff filed a notice of cross-appeal and conditional cross-appeal, appealing the Court’s order denying the plaintiff’s request for attorneys’ fees and conditionally cross-appealing a Court ruling that certain communications between Mr. Auerbach and his attorneys were protected by attorney-client privilege and a related evidentiary ruling. The Company estimates the high end of potential damages in the matter could be approximately $27.2 million; however, the actual amount of damages payable by the Company is still uncertain and will be ascertained only after completion of the appeal and any subsequent proceedings, and such amount could be greater than the amount of expense already recognized or the high end of the estimate. Due to the appeal, the Company secured a bond for the potential damages, which is collateralized by an automatically renewable stand-by letter of credit in the amount of $8.9 million. The stand-by letter of credit is collateralized by a high-yield savings account, which is classified as restricted cash, current on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 CANbridge Licensing Dispute

On July 28, 2020, the Company filed a request for arbitration against CANbridge Biomed Limited, or CANbridge, before the ICC International Court of Arbitration. The Company is asserting that CANbridge has violated the terms of the Company’s agreement with CANbridge in which it granted CANbridge an exclusive sublicense to develop and commercialize NERLYNX throughout greater China. The Company is seeking an arbitral award that CANbridge breached, or alternatively is in anticipatory breach of, the Company’s agreement with CANbridge; that CANbridge’s conduct constitutes grounds for termination of the agreement; that CANbridge has failed to use commercially reasonable efforts to commercialize NERLYNX as required under the agreement; and that CANbridge must obtain the Company’s consent before transferring the agreement to a third party, subject to certain limitations that do not currently apply. The Company is also seeking damages, costs, and attorneys’ fees. On August 26, 2020, CANbridge filed its response to the Company’s request for arbitration and brought counterclaims for breach of contract; tortious interference with business relations; unjust enrichment; breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing; and declaratory relief.  CANbridge’s counterclaims additionally seek damages, costs and attorneys’ fees. The Company believes that CANbridge’s counterclaims are without merit and responded to CANbridge’s counterclaims on September 30, 2020. As of September 30, 2020, the Company has recorded approximately $0.1 million in legal expense related to the arbitration. The arbitration remains pending.

Legal Malpractice Suit

On September 17, 2020, the Company filed a lawsuit against Hedrick Gardner Kincheloe & Garofalo, L.L.P. and David L. Levy, the attorneys who previously represented the Company in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. in the Superior Court of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. The Company is alleging legal malpractice based on the defendants’ negligent handling of the defense of the Company in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. as detailed above. The Company is seeking recovery of the entire amount awarded in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. as detailed above.

 

 

Note 14—Subsequent Events:

 

Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc.

 

On October 9, 2020, the claims administrator submitted its supplemental claims report. The claims report reflects approximately $50.5 million in claimed damages. The Company disagrees with the amount of claimed damages and has submitted a proposal to the Court for challenging claims. Based on a review of specific claims and subject to the outcome of the claims challenge process, the Company believes that total claimed damages after all claims challenges have been adjudicated could range from $24.8 million to $51.3 million. The total amount of aggregate class-wide damages still remains uncertain and will be ascertained only after the claims challenge process and the exhaustion of any appeals. It is reasonably possible that the final total damages awarded will differ from these estimates; however, the amount is not estimable at this time. A final judgment has not yet been entered.

27


 

Item 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in Item 1 in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or this Quarterly Report. The following discussion should also be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Unless otherwise provided in this Quarterly Report, references to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Puma Biotechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with its wholly owned subsidiaries.

Overview

We are a biopharmaceutical company with a focus on the development and commercialization of innovative products to enhance cancer care. We in-license from Pfizer, Inc., or Pfizer, the global development and commercialization rights to PB272 (neratinib, oral), PB272 (neratinib, intravenous) and PB357. Neratinib is a potent irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor, or TKI, that blocks signal transduction through the human epidermal growth factor receptors, HER1, HER2 and HER4. Currently, we are primarily focused on the development and commercialization of the oral version of neratinib, and our most advanced drug candidates are directed at the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer and HER2 mutated cancers. We believe neratinib has clinical application in the treatment of several other cancers as well, including other tumor types that over-express or have a mutation in HER2 or EGFR, such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer or other solid tumors.

 

Prior to 2017, our efforts and resources had been focused primarily on acquiring and developing our pharmaceutical technologies, raising capital and recruiting personnel. In 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, approved NERLYNX, formally known as PB272 (neratinib, oral), for the extended adjuvant treatment of adult patients with early stage HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer following adjuvant trastuzumab-based therapy. In February 2020, NERLYNX was also approved by the FDA in combination with capecitabine for the treatment of adult patients with advanced or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer who have received two or more prior anti-HER2-based regimens in the metastatic setting. In 2018, the European Commission, or EC, granted marketing authorization for NERLYNX in the European Union for the extended adjuvant treatment of adult patients with early stage hormone receptor positive HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer and who are less than one year from the completion of prior adjuvant trastuzumab-based therapy.

 

We have entered into exclusive sub-license agreements with various parties to pursue regulatory approval, if necessary, and commercialize NERLYNX, if approved, in numerous regions outside the United States, including Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine), Canada, China, Southeast Asia, Israel, Mexico, South Korea, and various countries and territories in Central and South America. We plan to continue to pursue commercialization of NERLYNX in other countries outside the United States, if approved.

Our expenses to date have been related to hiring staff, commencing company-sponsored clinical trials and the build out of our corporate infrastructure and, since 2017, the commercial launch of NERLYNX. To date, our major sources of working capital have been proceeds from product and license revenue, public offerings of our common stock, proceeds from our credit facility and sales of our common stock in private placements.

Impact of COVID-19

Our priorities during the COVID-19 pandemic are protecting the health and safety of our employees while continuing our mission to develop and commercialize innovative products to enhance cancer care. Substantially all geographic regions in which our U.S. sales force operates have imposed, and those regions or other regions in which our sales force operates may in the future impose, “shelter-in-place” orders, quarantines or similar orders or restrictions to control the spread of COVID-19. These types of restrictions may deter or prevent cancer patients from traveling to see their doctors and result in a decline in revenue for NERLYNX, our only commercial product. Additionally, our commercial team and sales force have limited travel and personal interactions with physicians and customers, including visits to healthcare provider offices due to limitations that have been imposed at certain hospitals and medical facilities, and are currently conducting a large percentage of promotional activities virtually. These types of restrictions have adversely impacted our ability to engage with our customers and have adversely impacted sales of NERLYNX, our only commercial product, and they may continue to do so. The respective commercial teams of certain of the companies to which we sub-license the commercial rights to NERLYNX, and on which we rely for our international sales, have chosen or have been forced to take similar action, and other sub-licensees of NERLYNX may choose or be forced to take similar action. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in dramatic increases in unemployment rates, which may result in a substantial number of people becoming uninsured or underinsured. Any of these developments may have an adverse effect on our revenue. We have observed disruptions in patient enrollments in the United States and in our SUMMIT basket trial. If the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread in the geographies in which we are conducting clinical trials, we may experience additional disruptions in those clinical trials, which could have a material adverse impact on our clinical trial plans and timelines.

28


 

Our ability to continue to operate without any significant negative impacts will in part depend on the length and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and our ability to protect our employees and our supply chain. We continue to follow and monitor recommended actions of government and health authorities to protect our employees worldwide. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we and our key third-party suppliers and manufacturers were able to broadly maintain operations. We rely exclusively on third-party manufacturers to manufacture NERLYNX.

We intend to satisfy our near-term liquidity requirements through a combination of our existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities as of September 30, 2020 and proceeds that will become available to us through product sales, royalties and license milestone payments. However, this intention is based on assumptions that may prove to be wrong. Changes may occur that would consume our available capital faster than anticipated, including the length and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures taken to control the spread of COVID-19, as well as changes in and progress of our development activities, the impact of commercialization efforts, acquisitions of additional drug candidates and changes in regulation. Any of these developments may have an adverse effect on our revenue and thus our ability to satisfy the minimum revenue covenants in our loan and security agreement.

Critical Accounting Policies

As of the date of the filing of this Quarterly Report, we believe there have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020 from our accounting policies at December 31, 2019, as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. We accounted for the following related to sub-license agreements during the nine months ended September 30, 2020:

License Revenue:

We recognize license revenue under certain of our sub-license agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606. The terms of these agreements may contain multiple performance obligations, which may include licenses and research and development activities. We evaluate these agreements under ASC 606 to determine the distinct performance obligations. Non-refundable, up-front fees that are not contingent on any future performance and require no consequential continuing involvement by us, are recognized as revenue when the license term commences and the licensed data, technology or product is delivered. We defer recognition of non-refundable upfront license fees if the performance obligations are not satisfied.

Prior to recognizing revenue, we make estimates of the transaction price, including variable consideration that is subject to a constraint. Amounts of variable consideration are included in the transaction price to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Variable consideration may include nonrefundable upfront license fees, payments for research and development activities, reimbursement of certain third-party costs, payments based upon the achievement of specified milestones, and royalty payments based on product sales derived from the collaboration.

If there are multiple distinct performance obligations, we allocate the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The standalone selling price is generally determined based on the prices charged to customers or using expected cost-plus margin. Revenue is recognized by measuring the progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligations.

 

Summary of Income and Expenses

Product revenue, net:

Product revenue, net consists of revenue from sales of NERLYNX. We sell NERLYNX to a limited number of specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors in the United States. We record revenue at the net sales price, which includes an estimate for variable consideration for which reserves are established. Variable consideration consists of trade discounts and allowances, product returns, provider chargebacks and discounts, government rebates and other incentives.

License revenue:

License revenue consists of consideration earned for performance obligations satisfied pursuant to our license agreements.

Royalty revenue:

Royalty revenue consists of consideration earned related to product sales made by our licensees in their respective territories pursuant to our license agreements.

29


 

Cost of sales:

Cost of sales consists of third-party manufacturing costs, freight, and indirect overhead costs associated with sales of NERLYNX. Cost of sales also includes period costs related to royalty charges payable to Pfizer, the amortization of milestone payments made to Pfizer, certain inventory manufacturing services, inventory adjustment charges, unabsorbed manufacturing and overhead costs, and manufacturing variances.

Selling, general and administration expenses:

Selling, general and administrative expenses, or SG&A Expenses, consist primarily of salaries and payroll-related costs, stock-based compensation expense, professional fees, business insurance, rent, general legal activities, and other corporate expenses. We expense SG&A Expenses as they are incurred.

Research and development expenses:

Research and development expenses, or R&D Expenses, include costs associated with services provided by consultants who conduct clinical services on our behalf, contract organizations for the manufacturing of clinical materials and clinical trials. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, our R&D Expenses consisted primarily of clinical research organization, or CRO, fees; fees paid to consultants; salaries and related personnel costs; and stock-based compensation. We expense our R&D Expenses as they are incurred. Internal R&D Expenses primarily consist of payroll-related costs, and also include equipment costs, travel expenses and supplies.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

Total revenue:

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, total revenue was approximately $50.8 million, compared to $56.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Product revenue, net:

Product revenue, net was approximately $49.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $53.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in product revenue, net was attributable to a volume decrease of approximately 23% in bottles of NERLYNX sold, and an increase in reserves for variable consideration from approximately 12% of product revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2019 to approximately 16% of product revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase in reserves for variable consideration is primarily due to an increase in government rebates as a percentage of gross revenue. The decrease in product revenue, net was partially offset by an approximately 10% increase in gross selling price that occurred in the first quarter of 2020 and again in the third quarter of 2020.   

License revenue:

There was no license revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $2.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Royalty revenue:

Royalty revenue was $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was due to increased product sales by our sub-licensees as they began to commercialize NERLYNX in additional territories.

Cost of sales:

Cost of sales was approximately $9.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $9.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in cost of sales was primarily attributable to an increase in the amortization of the milestone payments made to Pfizer and increased royalty expense due to Pfizer related to the increase in royalty revenue, which was partially offset by decreased royalty expenses due to Pfizer related to the decrease in product revenue, net.

30


 

Selling, general and administrative expenses:

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, SG&A Expenses were approximately $29.6 million, compared to approximately $31.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. SG&A Expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

 

Selling, general, and administrative expenses

 

For the Three Months Ended

 

 

Change

 

(in thousands)

 

September 30,

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

Payroll and related costs

 

$

10,274

 

 

$

9,586

 

 

$

688

 

 

 

7.2

%

Professional fees and expenses

 

 

11,271

 

 

 

10,526

 

 

 

745

 

 

 

7.1

%

Travel and meetings

 

 

1,090

 

 

 

2,964

 

 

 

(1,874

)

 

 

-63.2

%

Facilities and equipment costs

 

 

1,412

 

 

 

1,439

 

 

 

(27

)

 

 

-1.9

%

Stock-based compensation

 

 

4,101

 

 

 

5,600

 

 

 

(1,499

)

 

 

-26.8

%

Other

 

 

1,450

 

 

 

1,287

 

 

 

163

 

 

 

12.7

%

 

 

$

29,598

 

 

$

31,402

 

 

$

(1,804

)

 

 

-5.7

%

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, SG&A Expenses decreased by approximately $1.8 million compared to the same period in 2019, primarily attributable to the following:

 

a decrease in stock-based compensation expense of approximately $1.5 million primarily due to a decrease of approximately $1.6 million for stock awards that have fully vested and a decrease of approximately $1.4 million from stock awards forfeited, partially offset by an increase of approximately $1.5 million from new grants; and

 

 

a decrease in travel and meetings of approximately $1.9 million related to travel restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

These decreases were partially offset by

 

 

an increase in professional fees and expenses of approximately $0.7 million, consisting of an increase of $0.3 million related to higher insurance premiums, an increase of approximately $0.5 million in legal related expenses and an increase of $0.2 million in audit and board of directors costs, partially offset by a decrease of approximately $0.1 million in connection with consultants and contractors and other immaterial fluctuations; and

 

 

an increase in payroll and related cost of $0.7 million.

 

Research and development expenses:

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, R&D Expenses were approximately $23.3 million, compared to approximately $30.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. R&D Expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

 

Research and development expenses

 

For the Three Months Ended

 

 

Change

 

(in thousands)

 

September 30,

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

Clinical trial expense

 

$

8,257

 

 

$

11,251

 

 

$

(2,994

)

 

 

-26.6

%

Internal R&D

 

 

9,441

 

 

 

9,512

 

 

 

(71

)

 

 

-0.7

%

Consultant and contractors

 

 

2,183

 

 

 

2,651

 

 

 

(468

)

 

 

-17.7

%

Stock-based compensation

 

 

3,463

 

 

 

6,613

 

 

 

(3,150

)

 

 

-47.6

%

 

 

$

23,344

 

 

$

30,027

 

 

$

(6,683

)

 

 

-22.3

%

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, R&D Expenses decreased approximately $6.7 million compared to the same period in 2019, primarily attributable to the following:

 

 

a decrease in clinical trial expense of approximately $3.0 million, primarily due to the close out of two clinical trials and lower CRO site visits and related expenses due to actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic;

 

 

a decrease in stock-based compensation expense of approximately $3.2 million, primarily due to a decrease of approximately $1.9 million for stock awards that fully vested and a decrease of approximately $1.6 million from stock award forfeitures, partially offset by an increase of approximately $0.3 million from new grants; and

 

 

a decrease in consultant and contractor expense of approximately $0.5 million, primarily due to the close out of certain clinical trials and lower staffing needs.

 

31


 

 

Other income (expenses):

 

Other income (expenses)

 

For the Three Months Ended

 

 

Change

 

(in thousands)

 

September 30,

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

Interest income

 

$

22

 

 

$

569

 

 

$

(547

)

 

 

-96.1

%

Interest expense

 

 

(3,627

)

 

 

(3,052

)

 

 

(575

)

 

 

18.8

%

Legal verdict expense

 

 

(15,855

)

 

 

 

 

 

(15,855

)

 

 

-100.0

%

Other income

 

 

128

 

 

 

46

 

 

 

82

 

 

 

178.3

%

 

 

$

(19,332

)

 

$

(2,437

)

 

$

(16,895

)

 

 

693.3

%

 

Interest income:

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, interest income decreased approximately $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The decrease in interest income reflects less cash invested in money market accounts and high-yield savings accounts in 2020 compared to 2019.

 

Interest expense:

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized approximately $3.6 million in interest expense, compared to $3.1 million of interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in interest expense was primarily the result of the interest expense for the milestone payments being paid to Pfizer in installments.

 

Legal verdict expense:

 

For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, we recognized $15.9 million in legal verdict expense, which primarily represents an increase to our estimate of potential amounts that may be owed to class action participants as a result of the Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. claims process. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, we changed our estimate of the legal verdict expense and the associated legal expense accrual for the Hsu lawsuit. Our previous estimate was based on data and assumptions that were available at the time. During the third and fourth quarter of 2020, we obtained additional data, previously unavailable, from the claims report and amended claims report filed with the Court. The claims report asserts $50.5 million in damages, which is larger than the amount previously estimated. We intend to challenge these claims and estimate that the damages could range from $24.8 million to $51.3 million. As a result, we have increased our estimate of the legal accrual on a prospective basis beginning in the third quarter of 2020 to $24.8 million, resulting in the additional $15.7 million legal verdict expense. The total amount of aggregate class-wide damages still remains uncertain and will be ascertained only after an extensive claims challenge process and the exhaustion of any appeals.

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

Total revenue:

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, total revenue was approximately $172.6 million, compared to $209.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Product revenue, net:

Product revenue, net was approximately $146.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $152.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in product revenue, net was attributable to a volume decrease of approximately 18% in bottles of NERLYNX sold, partially offset by an approximately 10% increase in gross selling price that occurred in the first quarter of 2020 and again in the third quarter of 2020.   

32


 

License revenue:

License revenue was approximately $22.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $56.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in license revenue is primarily due to a decrease in upfront payments and satisfaction of different performance-based milestones related to sub-license agreements in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Royalty revenue:

Royalty revenue was $3.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was due to increased product sales by our sub-licensees as they began to commercialize NERLYNX in additional territories.

Cost of sales:

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, cost of sales was approximately $28.4 million compared to $26.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in cost of sales was primarily attributable to increased royalty expense due to Pfizer related to the increase in royalty revenue and an increase in the amortization of the milestone payments made to Pfizer, which was partially offset by decreased royalty expenses due to Pfizer related to the decrease in product revenue, net.

Selling, general and administrative expenses:

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, SG&A Expenses were approximately $89.9 million, compared to approximately $110.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. SG&A Expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

 

Selling, general, and administrative expenses

 

For the Nine Months Ended

 

 

Change

 

(in thousands)

 

September 30,

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

Payroll and related costs

 

$

31,658

 

 

$

31,409

 

 

$

249

 

 

 

0.8

%

Professional fees and expenses

 

 

32,252

 

 

 

39,218

 

 

 

(6,966

)

 

 

-17.8

%

Travel and meetings

 

 

4,023

 

 

 

8,419

 

 

 

(4,396

)

 

 

-52.2

%

Facilities and equipment costs

 

 

4,276

 

 

 

4,378

 

 

 

(102

)

 

 

-2.3

%

Stock-based compensation

 

 

13,523

 

 

 

22,927

 

 

 

(9,404

)

 

 

-41.0

%

Other

 

 

4,150

 

 

 

4,084

 

 

 

66

 

 

 

1.6

%

 

 

$

89,882

 

 

$

110,435

 

 

$

(20,553

)

 

 

-18.6

%

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, SG&A Expenses decreased by approximately $20.6 million compared to the same period in 2019, primarily attributable to the following:

 

 

 

a decrease in stock-based compensation expense of approximately $9.4 million primarily due to a decrease of approximately $7.6 million for stock awards that have fully vested and a decrease of approximately $5.5 million from stock awards forfeited and other immaterial fluctuations, partially offset by an increase of approximately $3.9 million from new grants;

 

 

a decrease in professional fees and expenses of approximately $7.0 million, consisting primarily of decreases of approximately $7.5 million in legal fees in connection with various lawsuits and approximately $0.6 million for professional fees, primarily related to decreased consultancy efforts related to marketing and commercialization support, partially offset by an increase of approximately $0.8 million in insurance premiums, $0.3 million in audit and board of directors fees and other immaterial fluctuations; and

 

 

a decrease in travel and meetings of approximately $4.4 million related to travel restrictions and cancellations of on-site events due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

 

33


 

Research and development expenses:

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, R&D Expenses were approximately $73.5 million, compared to approximately $102.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.  R&D Expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

 

Research and development expenses

 

For the Nine Months Ended

 

 

Change

 

(in thousands)

 

September 30,

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

Clinical trial expense

 

$

24,130

 

 

$

40,665

 

 

$

(16,535

)

 

 

-40.7

%

Internal R&D

 

 

29,564

 

 

 

29,485

 

 

 

79

 

 

 

0.3

%

Consultant and contractors

 

 

6,218

 

 

 

9,596

 

 

 

(3,378

)

 

 

-35.2

%

Stock-based compensation

 

 

13,578

 

 

 

22,864

 

 

 

(9,286

)

 

 

-40.6

%

 

 

$

73,490

 

 

$

102,610

 

 

$

(29,120

)

 

 

-28.4

%

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, R&D Expenses decreased approximately $29.1 million compared to the same period in 2019, primarily attributable to the following:

 

 

a decrease in clinical trial expense of approximately $16.6 million, primarily due to the close out of certain clinical trials;

 

 

a decrease in stock-based compensation expense of approximately $9.3 million primarily due to a decrease of approximately $6.4 million for stock awards that fully vested and a decrease of approximately $4.8 million from stock award forfeitures, partially offset by an increase of approximately $1.8 million from new grants and other immaterial fluctuations; and

 

 

a decrease in consultant and contractors expenses of approximately $3.4 million, primarily due to the close out of certain clinical trials.

 

 

Other income (expenses):

 

Other income (expenses)

 

For the Nine Months Ended

 

 

Change

 

(in thousands)

 

September 30,

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

 

2020/2019

 

Interest income

 

$

474

 

 

$

2,349

 

 

$

(1,875

)

 

 

-79.8

%

Interest expense

 

 

(10,479

)

 

 

(11,943

)

 

 

1,464

 

 

 

-12.3

%

Legal verdict expense

 

 

(16,041

)

 

 

(16,350

)

 

 

309

 

 

 

-1.9

%

Loss on debt extinguishment

 

 

 

 

 

(8,103

)

 

 

8,103

 

 

 

-100.0

%

Other income

 

 

298

 

 

 

31

 

 

 

267

 

 

 

861.3

%

 

 

$

(25,748

)

 

$

(34,016

)

 

$

8,268

 

 

 

-24.3

%

 

Interest income:

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized approximately $0.5 million in interest income compared to approximately $2.3 million of interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in interest income reflects less cash invested in money market accounts and high-yield savings accounts in 2020 compared to 2019.

 

Interest expense:

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized approximately $10.5 million in interest expense, compared to $11.9 million of interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.  The decrease in interest expense was primarily the result of having less borrowings outstanding in 2020 than in 2019. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in interest expense for the milestone payments being paid to Pfizer in installments.

 

34


 

Legal verdict expense:

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized an additional $16.0 million in legal verdict expense that primarily represents an increase to our prior estimate of potential amounts that may be owed to class action participants as a result of the Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. claims process. During the period ended September 30, 2020, we changed our estimate of the legal verdict expense and the associated legal expense accrual for the Hsu lawsuit. Our previous estimate was based on data and assumptions that were available at the time. During the third and fourth quarter of 2020, we obtained additional data, previously unavailable, from the claims report and amended claims report filed with the Court. The claims report asserts $50.5 million in damages, which is larger than the amount previously estimated. We intend to challenge these claims and estimate that the damages could range from $24.8 million to $51.3 million. As a result, we have increased our estimate of the legal accrual on a prospective basis beginning in the third quarter of 2020 to $24.8 million, resulting in the additional $15.7 million legal verdict expense. The total amount of aggregate class-wide damages still remains uncertain and will be ascertained only after an extensive claims challenge process and the exhaustion of any appeals.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recognized approximately $16.4 million in legal verdict expense related to the Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. verdict. The legal verdict expense of $16.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was the result of our initial estimate of the total damages payable in the matter of $22.4 million, net of $6.0 million in insurance reimbursements.

 

Loss on debt extinguishment:

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recognized approximately $8.1 million in loss on debt extinguishment related to the fees paid in connection with our debt refinancing during the second quarter of 2019.

   

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table summarizes our liquidity and capital resources as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, and is intended to supplement the more detailed discussion that follows:

 

 

 

As of

 

 

As of

 

Liquidity and capital resources (in thousands)

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

90,082

 

 

$

60,037

 

Marketable securities

 

$

18,942

 

 

$

51,607

 

Working capital

 

$

41,607

 

 

$

75,459

 

Stockholders' (deficit) equity

 

$

(453

)

 

$

17,463

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

September 30, 2019

 

Cash provided by (used in):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating activities

 

$

6,408

 

 

$

20,810

 

Investing activities

 

 

22,580

 

 

 

5,595

 

Financing activities

 

 

45

 

 

 

(67,066

)

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

 

$

29,033

 

 

$

(40,661

)

 

Operating Activities:

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we reported a net loss of approximately $45.0 million, compared to approximately $64.4 million for the same period in 2019. Additionally, cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was approximately $6.4 million compared to approximately $20.8 million of cash provided by operating activities for the same period in 2019, respectively.  

Cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 consisted of a net loss of approximately $45.0 million, offset by approximately $34.2 million of non-cash items, such as stock-based compensation and depreciation and amortization, an increase in accrued expense and other of approximately $21.0 million, a decrease in prepaid expenses and other of approximately $4.4 million, and a decrease in accounts receivable, net of approximately $1.8 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in accounts payable of approximately $6.7 million, an increase in other current assets of approximately $3.1 million and other immaterial changes.

35


 

Cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 consisted of a net loss of approximately $64.4 million, a decrease in prepaid expenses and other of approximately $2.9 million, a decrease in other current assets of approximately $1.5 million, an increase of approximately $30.3 million in accrued expenses and other, an increase of approximately $9.0 million in a post-marketing commitment liability, and approximately $60.0 million of non-cash items, such as stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization, and debt extinguishment fees; partially offset by an increase in net accounts receivable of approximately $6.4 million, an increase in inventory of approximately $0.5 million, and a decrease in accounts payable of approximately $11.6 million.

 

Investing Activities:

 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, net cash provided by investing activities was approximately $22.6 million, compared to net cash provided by investing activities of $5.6 million for the same period in 2019.

 

Net cash provided by investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 consisted of approximately $57.0 million of maturities of available-for-sale securities, partially offset by the purchase of available for sale securities of approximately $24.4 million and an increase in intangible assets relating to the milestone achieved under the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer of $10.0 million.  

Net cash provided by investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 consisted of approximately $132.7 million of sales or maturities of available-for-sale securities, partially offset by $127.1 million of purchases of available-for-sale securities.

Financing Activities:

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, net cash was unchanged by financing activities. During April 2020, approximately $8.4 million was borrowed and fully repaid with no penalty or interest from Silicon Valley Bank, or SVB, under the Paycheck Protection Program, or PPP, of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act.

During the same period in 2019, cash used in financing activities was approximately $67.1 million, which consisted of approximately $80.0 million in debt repayments, approximately $7.8 million in debt extinguishment costs and approximately $5.6 million in debt issuance costs, partially offset by approximately $25.0 million in proceeds from long-term debt and approximately $1.3 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options.

Loan and Security Agreement:

In October 2017, we entered into a loan and security agreement with SVB, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto from time to time, or the Original Lenders, including Oxford Finance, LLC, or Oxford, and SVB. Pursuant to the terms of the credit facility provided by the loan and security agreement, or the Original Credit Facility, we borrowed $50 million. In May 2018, we entered into an amendment to the loan and security agreement, which provided for an amended credit facility, or the Amended Credit Facility. Under the Amended Credit Facility, the Original Lenders agreed to make term loans available to us in an aggregate amount of $155 million, consisting of (i) a term loan in an aggregate amount of $125 million, the proceeds of which, in part, were used to repay the $50 million we borrowed under the Original Credit Facility, and (ii) a term loan in an aggregate amount of $30 million that we drew in December 2018, which was available to us under the Amended Credit Facility as a result of achieving a specified minimum revenue milestone.

On June 28, 2019, or the Effective Date, we entered into a new credit facility, or the New Credit Facility, with Oxford, as collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto from time to time, including Oxford, pursuant to which we repaid the $155.0 million outstanding under the Amended Credit Facility, as well as all applicable exit and prepayment fees owed to the Original Lenders under the Amended Credit Facility, using cash on hand and $100.0 million in new borrowings from the New Credit Facility. Under the New Credit Facility, we issued to Oxford new and/or replacement secured promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount for all such promissory notes of $100.0 million evidencing the New Credit Facility. No additional money remains available to us under the New Credit Facility.

The New Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of our personal property other than our intellectual property. We also pledged 65% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of our subsidiaries, Puma Biotechnology Ltd. and Puma Biotechnology B.V. The New Credit Facility limits our ability to grant any interest in our intellectual property to certain permitted licenses and permitted encumbrances set forth in the agreement.

36


 

The term loans under the New Credit Facility bear interest at an annual rate equal to the greater of (i) 9.0% and (ii) the sum of (a) the “prime rate,” as reported in The Wall Street Journal on the last business day of the month that immediately precedes the month in which the interest will accrue, plus (b) 3.5%. We are required to make monthly interest-only payments on each term loan under the New Credit Facility commencing on the first calendar day of the calendar month following the funding date of such term loan, and continuing on the first calendar day of each calendar month thereafter through August 1, 2021, or the Amortization Date. Commencing on the Amortization Date, and continuing on the first calendar day of each calendar month thereafter, we will make consecutive equal monthly payments of principal, together with applicable interest, in arrears to each lender under the New Credit Facility, calculated pursuant to the New Credit Facility. All unpaid principal and accrued and unpaid interest with respect to each term loan under the New Credit Facility is due and payable in full on June 1, 2024, or the Maturity Date. Upon repayment of such term loans, we are also required to make a final payment to the new lenders equal to 7.5% of the aggregate principal amount of such term loans outstanding as of the Effective Date.

At our option, we may prepay the outstanding principal balance of any term loan in whole but not in part, subject to a prepayment fee of 3.0% of any amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs through and including the first anniversary of the funding date of such term loan, 2.0% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after the first anniversary of the funding date of such term loan through and including the second anniversary of the funding date of such term loan, and 1.0% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after the second anniversary of the funding date of such term loan and prior to the Maturity Date.

The New Credit Facility includes affirmative and negative covenants applicable to us, our current subsidiaries and any subsidiaries we create in the future. The affirmative covenants include, among others, covenants requiring us to maintain our legal existence and governmental approvals, deliver certain financial reports, maintain insurance coverage and satisfy certain requirements regarding deposit accounts. We must also achieve certain product revenue targets, measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter on a trailing year-to-date basis. New minimum revenue levels will be established for each subsequent fiscal year by mutual agreement of us, Oxford, as collateral agent, and the lenders under the New Credit Facility. The negative covenants include, among others, restrictions on our transferring collateral, incurring additional indebtedness, engaging in mergers or acquisitions, paying dividends or making other distributions, making investments, creating liens, selling assets and suffering a change in control, in each case subject to certain exceptions.

The New Credit Facility also includes events of default, the occurrence and continuation of which could cause interest to be charged at the rate that is otherwise applicable plus 5.0% and would provide Oxford, as collateral agent, with the right to exercise remedies against us and the collateral securing the New Credit Facility, including foreclosure against the property securing the New Credit Facility, including our cash. These events of default include, among other things, our failure to pay principal or interest due under the New Credit Facility, a breach of certain covenants under the New Credit Facility, our insolvency, a material adverse change, the occurrence of any default under certain other indebtedness in an amount greater than $500,000 and one or more judgments against us in an amount greater than $500,000 individually or in the aggregate that remains unsatisfied, unvacated, or unstayed for a period of 10 days after its entry.

On August 5, 2020, we entered into an amendment to the amended and restated loan and security agreement to revise the minimum revenue levels that we must achieve under the terms of the New Credit Facility for the year-to-date periods ending September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2020.

 

As of September 30, 2020, there were $100.0 million in term loans outstanding under the New Credit Facility, representing all of our long-term debt outstanding as of that date, and we were in compliance with all applicable covenants under the New Credit Facility.

 

Current and Future Financing Needs:

 

We did not receive or record any product revenues until the third quarter of 2017. We have spent, and expect to continue to spend, substantial amounts in connection with implementing our business strategy, including our planned product development efforts, our clinical trials, our research and development efforts and our commercialization efforts.

 

We may choose to begin new research and development efforts or we may choose to launch additional marketing efforts. These efforts may require funding in addition to the cash and cash equivalents totaling approximately $90.1 million and $18.9 million in marketable securities available at September 30, 2020. While our consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, we expect to continue incurring significant losses for the foreseeable future and will need to generate significant revenue to sustain operations and successfully commercialize neratinib. While we have been successful in raising financing in the past, there can be no assurance that we will be able to do so in the future. Our ability to obtain funding may be adversely impacted by uncertain market conditions, including on account of the global COVID-19 pandemic, our success in commercializing neratinib, unfavorable decisions of regulatory authorities or adverse clinical trial results. The outcome of these matters cannot be predicted at this time. 

 

37


 

In addition, we have based our estimate of capital needs on assumptions that may prove to be wrong. Changes may occur that would consume our available capital faster than anticipated, including the length and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures taken to control the spread of COVID-19, as well as changes in and progress of our development activities, the impact of commercialization efforts, acquisitions of additional drug candidates and changes in regulation. Potential sources of financing include strategic relationships, public or private sales of equity or debt and other sources of funds. We may seek to access the public or private equity markets when conditions are favorable due to our long-term capital requirements. If we raise funds by selling additional shares of common stock or other securities convertible into common stock, the ownership interests of our existing stockholders will be diluted. If we are not able to obtain financing when needed, we may be unable to carry out our business plan. As a result, we may have to significantly limit our operations, and our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially harmed. In such an event, we will be required to undertake a thorough review of our programs, and the opportunities presented by such programs, and allocate our resources in the manner most prudent.

 

 

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to our operating results, as calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, we use certain non-GAAP financial measures when planning, monitoring, and evaluating our operational performance. The following table presents our net loss and net loss per share, as calculated in accordance with GAAP, as adjusted to remove the impact of stock-based compensation. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, stock-based compensation represented approximately 14.3% and 16.6% of our operating expenses, respectively, and 19.9% and 21.5% for the same period in 2019, in each case excluding cost of sales. Our management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to enhance understanding of our financial performance, are more indicative of our operational performance and facilitate a better comparison among fiscal periods. These non-GAAP financial measures are not, and should not be viewed as, substitutes for GAAP reporting measures.

 

 

Reconciliation of GAAP Net Loss to Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Loss and

GAAP Net Loss Per Share to Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Loss Per Share

(in thousands except share and per share data)

 

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended September 30,

 

 

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

GAAP net loss

 

$

(31,463

)

 

$

(16,885

)

 

$

(45,001

)

 

$

(64,396

)

 

Adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation -

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

4,101

 

 

 

5,600

 

 

 

13,523

 

 

 

22,927

 

(1)

Research and development

 

 

3,464

 

 

 

6,613

 

 

 

13,579

 

 

 

22,864

 

(2)

Non-GAAP adjusted net loss

 

$

(23,898

)

 

$

(4,672

)

 

$

(17,899

)

 

$

(18,605

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

GAAP net loss per share—basic

 

$

(0.79

)

 

$

(0.44

)

 

$

(1.14

)

 

$

(1.67

)

 

Adjustment to net loss (as detailed above)

 

 

0.19

 

 

 

0.32

 

 

 

0.69

 

 

 

1.19

 

 

Non-GAAP adjusted basic net loss per share

 

$

(0.60

)

(3)

$

(0.12

)

(4)

$

(0.45

)

(3)

$

(0.48

)

(4)

 

(1)

To reflect a non-cash charge to operating expense for selling, general, and administrative stock-based compensation.

(2)

To reflect a non-cash charge to operating expense for research and development stock-based compensation.

(3)

Non-GAAP adjusted basic net loss per share was calculated based on 39,695,444 and 39,437,691 weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

(4)

Non-GAAP adjusted basic net loss per share was calculated based on 38,893,757 and 38,675,961 weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any “off-balance sheet agreements,” as defined by SEC regulations.

Contractual Obligations

In June 2020, we entered into a letter agreement, or the Letter Agreement, with Pfizer relating to the method of payment associated with our achievement of a milestone that triggered a $40 million payment under our license agreement with Pfizer. The Letter Agreement permits us to make the milestone payment in installments with the majority of the amounts payable to Pfizer (including interest) to be made in 2021 and the final payment occurring on September 30, 2021. Unpaid portions of the milestone payment will accrue interest at 6.25% per annum until paid.

Other than as described in the preceding paragraph, there have been no material changes outside the ordinary course of business to our contractual obligations and commitments as described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

38


 

Item 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Some of the securities that we invest in have market risk in that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the principal amount of the cash equivalents to fluctuate. Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. We invested our excess cash primarily in cash equivalents such as money market investments as of September 30, 2020. The primary objectives of our investment activities are to ensure liquidity and to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our cash and cash equivalents without significantly increasing risk. Additionally, we established guidelines regarding approved investments and maturities of investments, which are designed to maintain safety and liquidity.

Because of the short-term maturities of our cash equivalents, we do not believe that a 10% increase in interest rates would have a material effect on the realized value of our cash equivalents.

We also have interest rate exposure as a result of borrowings outstanding under our loan and security agreement. As of September 30, 2020, the outstanding principal amount of our borrowings was $100.0 million. Our borrowings under the loan and security agreement, as amended, bear interest at an annual rate equal to the greater of (i) 9.0% and (ii) the sum of (a) the “prime rate,” as reported in The Wall Street Journal on the last business day of the month that immediately precedes the month in which the interest will accrue, plus (b) 3.5%. Changes in the prime rate may therefore affect our interest expense associated with our borrowings under the loan and security agreement.

Item 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the timelines specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)), as of September 30, 2020. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2020.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

39


 

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc.

 

On June 3, 2015, Hsingching Hsu, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, filed a class action lawsuit against us and certain of our executive officers in the United States District Court for the Central District of California (Case No. 8:15-cv-00865-AG-JCG).  On October 16, 2015, lead plaintiff Norfolk Pension Fund filed a consolidated complaint on behalf of all persons who purchased our securities between July 22, 2014 and May 29, 2015.  A trial on the claims relating to four statements alleged to have been false or misleading was held from January 15 to January 29, 2019.  At trial, the jury found that three of the four challenged statements were not false or misleading, and thus found in the defendants’ favor on those claims.  The jury found liability as to one statement and awarded a maximum of $4.50 per share in damages, which represents approximately 5% of the total claimed damages of $87.20 per share. On September 9, 2019, the Court entered an order specifying the rate of prejudgment interest to be awarded on any valid claims at the 52-week Treasury Bill rate. On September 8, 2020, the claims administrator submitted its final claims report to the Court and, on October 9, 2020, the claims administrator submitted its supplemental claims report. The claims report reflects approximately $50.5 million in claimed damages. We disagree with the amount of claimed damages and have submitted a proposal to the Court for challenging claims. Based on a review of specific claims and subject to the outcome of the claims challenge process, we believe that total claimed damages after all claims challenges have been adjudicated could range from $24.8 million to $51.3 million. The total amount of aggregate class-wide damages still remains uncertain and will be ascertained only after the claims challenge process and the exhaustion of any appeals. It is reasonably possible that the final total damages awarded will differ from these estimates; however, the amount is not estimable at this time. A final judgment has not been entered.

Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al.

In February 2016, Fredric N. Eshelman filed a lawsuit against our Chief Executive Officer and President, Alan H. Auerbach, and us in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina (Case No. 7:16-cv-00018-D). The complaint generally alleged that we and Mr. Auerbach made defamatory statements regarding Dr. Eshelman in connection with a proxy contest. In May 2016, Dr. Eshelman filed a notice of voluntary dismissal of the claims against Mr. Auerbach. A trial on the remaining defamation claims against us took place from March 11 to March 15, 2019. At trial, the jury found us liable and awarded Dr. Eshelman $15.9 million in compensatory damages and $6.5 million in punitive damages. We strongly disagree with the verdict and, on April 22, 2019, filed a motion for a new trial or, in the alternative, a reduced damages award. The Court denied that motion on March 2, 2020. We have appealed that ruling and the verdict. Additionally, after trial, the plaintiff filed a motion seeking approximately $3 million in attorneys’ fees, as well as pre-judgment interest. In the Court’s March 2 ruling, it denied the motion for attorneys’ fees but granted the request for pre-judgment interest, bringing the total judgment to $26.3 million. On March 30, 2020, the plaintiff filed a notice of cross-appeal and conditional cross-appeal, appealing the Court’s order denying the plaintiff’s request for attorneys’ fees and conditionally cross-appealing a Court ruling that certain communications between Mr. Auerbach and his attorneys were protected by attorney-client privilege and a related evidentiary ruling. We estimate the high end of potential damages in the matter could be approximately $27.2 million; however, the actual amount of damages payable by us is still uncertain and will be ascertained only after completion of the appeal and any subsequent proceeding, and such amount could be greater than the amount of expense already recognized or the high end of the estimate.

CANbridge Licensing Dispute

On July 28, 2020, we filed a request for arbitration against CANbridge Biomed Limited, or CANbridge, before the ICC International Court of Arbitration. We are asserting that CANbridge has violated the terms of our agreement with CANbridge in which we granted CANbridge an exclusive sublicense to develop and commercialize NERLYNX throughout greater China. We are seeking an arbitral award that CANbridge breached, or alternatively is in anticipatory breach of, our agreement; that CANbridge’s conduct constitutes grounds for termination of the agreement; that CANbridge has failed to use commercially reasonable efforts to commercialize NERLYNX as required under the agreement; and that CANbridge must obtain our consent before transferring the agreement to a third party, subject to certain limitations that do not currently apply. We are also seeking damages, costs, and attorneys’ fees. On August 26, 2020, CANbridge filed its response to our request for arbitration and brought counterclaims for breach of contract; tortious interference with business relations; unjust enrichment; breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing; and declaratory relief. CANbridge’s counterclaims additionally seek damages, costs and attorneys’ fees. We believe that CANbridge’s counterclaims are without merit and responded to CANbridge’s counterclaims on September 30, 2020. As of September 30, 2020, we have recorded approximately $0.1 million in legal expense related to the arbitration. The arbitration remains pending.

Legal Malpractice Suit

On September 17, 2020, we filed a lawsuit against Hedrick Gardner Kincheloe & Garofalo, L.L.P. and David L. Levy, the attorneys who previously represented us in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. in the Superior Court of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. We are alleging legal malpractice based on the defendants’ negligent handling of the defense of us in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. as detailed above. We are seeking recovery of the entire amount awarded in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. as detailed above.

40


 

Item 1A.

RISK FACTORS

Under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, we identified important factors that could affect our financial performance and could cause our actual results for future periods to differ materially from our anticipated results or other expectations, including those expressed in any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report. There has been no material change in our risk factors subsequent to the filing of our prior reports referenced above. However, the risks described in our reports are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we currently deem to be immaterial or not currently known to us, as well as other risks reported from time to time in our reports to the SEC, also could cause our actual results to differ materially from our anticipated results or other expectations.  

Item 2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

We did not sell any of our equity securities without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, during the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

Neither we nor any “affiliated purchasers” within the definition of Rule 10b-18(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act made any purchases of our equity securities during the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

Item 3.

DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

Item 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

Item 5.

OTHER INFORMATION

None.

41


 

Item 6.

EXHIBITS

 

(a)

Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K.

 

Exhibit Number

 

Description

 

 

 

3.1

 

Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 14, 2016 (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 15, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference)

 

 

 

3.2

 

Third Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 28, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference)

 

 

 

10.1

 

Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated July 6, 2020, by and between the Company and Oxford Finance LLC, as collateral agent and Lender (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 6, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference)

 

 

 

10.2*

 

Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated August 5, 2020, by and between the Company and Oxford Finance LLC, as collateral agent and Lender (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 6, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference)

 

 

 

31.1+

 

Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, with respect to the registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020

 

 

 

31.2+

 

Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, with respect to the registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020

 

 

 

32.1++

 

Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

 

32.2++

 

Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

 

101.INS+

 

Inline XBRL Instance Document

 

 

 

101.SCH+

 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

 

 

 

101.CAL+

 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

 

 

 

101.DEF+

 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

 

 

 

101.LAB+

 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

 

 

 

101.PRE+

 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Linkbase Document

 

 

 

104+

 

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

 

 

 

+

 

Filed herewith

 

 

 

++

 

Furnished herewith

 

 

 

*

 

Portions of this exhibit (indicated by asterisks) have been omitted pursuant to Regulation S-K, Item 601(b)(10). Such omitted information is not material and would likely cause competitive harm to the registrant if publicly disclosed.

 

 

 

 

42


 

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

PUMA BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

Date: November 5, 2020

 

By:

 

/s/ Alan H. Auerbach 

 

 

 

 

Alan H. Auerbach

 

 

 

 

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

 

 

 

 

Date: November 5, 2020

 

By:

 

/s/ Maximo F. Nougues 

 

 

 

 

Maximo Nougues

 

 

 

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

43

pbyi-ex311_12.htm

 

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Alan H. Auerbach, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Puma Biotechnology, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2020;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: November 5, 2020

 

/s/ Alan H. Auerbach

 

 

Alan H. Auerbach

Principal Executive Officer

 

 

pbyi-ex312_10.htm

 

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Maximo F. Nougues, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Puma Biotechnology, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2020;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: November 5, 2020

 

/s/ Maximo F. Nougues

 

 

Maximo F. Nougues

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

pbyi-ex321_11.htm

 

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION

PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

The following certification is being furnished solely to accompany the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Puma Biotechnology, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and in accordance with SEC Release No. 33-8238. This certification shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, nor shall it be incorporated by reference in any filing of Puma Biotechnology, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

Certification of Principal Executive Officer

I, Alan H. Auerbach, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Puma Biotechnology, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that the information contained in such report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Puma Biotechnology, Inc.

 

Date: November 5, 2020

 

/s/ Alan H. Auerbach

 

 

Alan H. Auerbach

Principal Executive Officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Puma Biotechnology, Inc. and will be retained by Puma Biotechnology, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

 

 

pbyi-ex322_8.htm

 

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION

PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

The following certification is being furnished solely to accompany the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Puma Biotechnology, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and in accordance with SEC Release No. 33-8238. This certification shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, nor shall it be incorporated by reference in any filing of Puma Biotechnology, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

Certification of Principal Financial Officer

I, Maximo F. Nougues, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Puma Biotechnology, Inc. for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that the information contained in such report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Puma Biotechnology, Inc.

 

Date: November 5, 2020

 

/s/ Maximo F. Nougues

 

 

Maximo F. Nougues

Principal Financial and Accounting Officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Puma Biotechnology, Inc. and will be retained by Puma Biotechnology, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

 

 

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v3.20.2
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Dec. 31, 2019
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 90,082 $ 60,037
Marketable securities 18,942 51,607
Accounts receivable, net 27,137 28,896
Inventory, net 3,144 3,170
Prepaid expenses, current 8,025 13,259
Deferred rent 198 154
Restricted cash, current 8,850 8,850
Other current assets 3,426 323
Total current assets 159,804 166,296
Lease right-of-use assets, net 16,957 18,522
Property and equipment, net 2,659 3,304
Intangible assets, net 76,144 40,461
Restricted cash, long-term 3,311 4,323
Prepaid expenses and other, long-term 2,820 1,999
Total assets 261,695 234,905
Current liabilities:    
Accounts payable 12,528 19,183
Accrued expenses, current 63,471 69,030
Accrued in-licensed rights, current 31,017  
Post-marketing commitment liability, current 2,496  
Lease liabilities, current 2,971 2,624
Current portion of long-term debt 5,714  
Total current liabilities 118,197 90,837
Accrued expenses, long-term 25,493  
Lease liabilities, long-term 20,365 22,643
Post-marketing commitment liability, long-term 6,379 9,000
Long-term debt 91,714 94,962
Total liabilities 262,148 217,442
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders' (deficit) equity:    
Common stock - $.0001 par value per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 39,720,931 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2020 and 39,203,304 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 4 4
Additional paid-in capital 1,322,180 1,295,033
Accumulated other comprehensive income   62
Accumulated deficit (1,322,637) (1,277,636)
Total stockholders' (deficit) equity (453) 17,463
Total liabilities and stockholders' (deficit) equity $ 261,695 $ 234,905
v3.20.2
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Common stock, par value $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized 100,000,000 100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued 39,720,931 39,203,304
Common stock, shares outstanding 39,720,931 39,203,304
v3.20.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Revenue:        
Total revenue $ 50,754 $ 56,352 $ 172,553 $ 209,338
Operating costs and expenses:        
Cost of sales 9,943 9,371 28,434 26,673
Selling, general and administrative 29,598 31,402 89,882 110,435
Research and development 23,344 30,027 73,490 102,610
Total operating costs and expenses 62,885 70,800 191,806 239,718
Loss from operations (12,131) (14,448) (19,253) (30,380)
Other income (expenses):        
Interest income 22 569 474 2,349
Interest expense (3,627) (3,052) (10,479) (11,943)
Legal verdict expense (15,855)   (16,041) (16,350)
Loss on debt extinguishment       (8,103)
Other income 128 46 298 31
Total other expenses (19,332) (2,437) (25,748) (34,016)
Net loss (31,463) (16,885) (45,001) (64,396)
Net loss applicable to common stockholders $ (31,463) $ (16,885) $ (45,001) $ (64,396)
Net loss per share of common stock—basic $ (0.79) $ (0.44) $ (1.14) $ (1.67)
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding—basic 39,695,444 38,893,757 39,473,691 38,675,961
Product Revenue, Net        
Revenue:        
Total revenue $ 49,333 $ 53,482 $ 146,713 $ 152,913
License Revenue        
Revenue:        
Total revenue   2,750 22,700 56,250
Royalty Revenue        
Revenue:        
Total revenue $ 1,421 $ 120 $ 3,140 $ 175
v3.20.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Statement Of Income And Comprehensive Income [Abstract]        
Net loss $ (31,463) $ (16,885) $ (45,001) $ (64,396)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:        
Unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax of $0 (1) 15 (65) 115
Reclassifications of gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, included in “Other income”, net of tax of $0   (10) 3 12
Comprehensive loss $ (31,464) $ (16,880) $ (45,063) $ (64,269)
v3.20.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Statement Of Income And Comprehensive Income [Abstract]        
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, tax $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
Reclassifications of gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, included in “Other income”, tax $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
v3.20.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' (Deficit) Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Common Stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated Deficit
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2018 $ 34,306 $ 4 $ 1,236,355 $ (12) $ (1,202,041)
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018   38,325,037      
Stock-based compensation 45,791   45,791    
Shares issued or restricted stock units vested under employee stock plans 1,352   1,352    
Shares issued or restricted stock units vested under employee stock plans (in shares)   618,737      
Reclassification of (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities 12     12  
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for- sale securities 115     115  
Net loss (64,396)       (64,396)
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2019 17,180 $ 4 1,283,498 115 (1,266,437)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019   38,943,774      
Beginning Balance at Jun. 30, 2019 21,771 $ 4 1,271,209 110 (1,249,552)
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019   38,738,707      
Stock-based compensation 12,213   12,213    
Shares issued or restricted stock units vested under employee stock plans 76   76    
Shares issued or restricted stock units vested under employee stock plans (in shares)   205,067      
Reclassification of (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities (10)     (10)  
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for- sale securities 15     15  
Net loss (16,885)       (16,885)
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2019 17,180 $ 4 1,283,498 115 (1,266,437)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019   38,943,774      
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2019 $ 17,463 $ 4 1,295,033 62 (1,277,636)
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019 39,203,304 39,203,304      
Stock-based compensation $ 27,102   27,102    
Shares issued or restricted stock units vested under employee stock plans 45   45    
Shares issued or restricted stock units vested under employee stock plans (in shares)   517,627      
Reclassification of (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities 3     3  
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for- sale securities (65)     (65)  
Net loss (45,001)       (45,001)
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2020 $ (453) $ 4 1,322,180   (1,322,637)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2020 39,720,931 39,720,931      
Beginning Balance at Jun. 30, 2020 $ 23,403 $ 4 1,314,572 1 (1,291,174)
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2020   39,626,917      
Stock-based compensation 7,565   7,565    
Shares issued or restricted stock units vested under employee stock plans 43   43    
Shares issued or restricted stock units vested under employee stock plans (in shares)   94,014      
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for- sale securities (1)     $ (1)  
Net loss (31,463)       (31,463)
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2020 $ (453) $ 4 $ 1,322,180   $ (1,322,637)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2020 39,720,931 39,720,931      
v3.20.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Operating activities:    
Net loss $ (45,001) $ (64,396)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization 7,085 6,178
Stock-based compensation 27,102 45,791
Disposal of property and equipment   54
Loss on debt extinguishment   8,047
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:    
Accounts receivable, net 1,759 (6,409)
Inventory, net 26 (498)
Prepaid expenses and other 4,413 2,905
Other current assets (3,103) 1,465
Accounts payable (6,655) (11,628)
Accrued expenses and other 20,951 30,340
Deferred rent (44) (39)
Post-marketing commitment liability (125) 9,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 6,408 20,810
Investing activities:    
Purchase of property and equipment (23)  
Purchase of available-for-sale securities (24,430) (127,072)
Sale of available-for-sale securities   28,135
Maturity of available-for-sale securities 57,033 104,532
Purchase of intangible assets (10,000)  
Net cash provided by investing activities 22,580 5,595
Financing activities:    
Net proceeds from shares issued under employee stock plans 45 1,352
Proceeds from debt 8,444 25,000
Payment of debt (8,444) (80,000)
Payment of debt extinguishment costs   (7,793)
Payment of debt issuance costs   (5,625)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 45 (67,066)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 29,033 (40,661)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 73,210 112,738
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period 102,243 72,077
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:    
Intangibles in accrued expenses 30,000  
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:    
Interest paid 7,021 $ 9,464
Income taxes paid $ 183  
v3.20.2
Business and Basis of Presentation
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Business and Basis of Presentation

Note 1—Business and Basis of Presentation:

Business:

Puma Biotechnology, Inc., or the Company, is a biopharmaceutical company based in Los Angeles, California with a focus on the development and commercialization of innovative products to enhance cancer care. The Company in-licenses from Pfizer, Inc., or Pfizer, the global development and commercialization rights to PB272 (neratinib, oral), PB272 (neratinib, intravenous) and PB357, as well as certain related compounds. Neratinib is a potent irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks signal transduction through the epidermal growth factor receptors HER1, HER2 and HER4. Currently, the Company is primarily focused on the development and commercialization of the oral version of neratinib, and its most advanced drug candidates are directed at the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer and HER2 mutated cancers. The Company believes that neratinib has clinical application in the treatment of several other cancers as well, including other tumor types that over-express or have a mutation in HER2 or EGFR, such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer or other solid tumors.

The Company has two subsidiaries, Puma Biotechnology Ltd., a United Kingdom company, and Puma Biotechnology, B.V., a Netherlands company. These subsidiaries were established for the purpose of legal representation in the United Kingdom and the European Union.

Basis of Presentation:

The Company has incurred significant operating losses since its inception. The Company believes that it will continue to incur net losses and may incur negative net cash flows from operating activities through the drug development process and global commercialization. In 2017, the Company received U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, approval for its first product, NERLYNX® (neratinib), formerly known as PB272 (neratinib, oral), for the extended adjuvant treatment of adult patients with early stage HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer following adjuvant trastuzumab-based therapy. Following FDA approval in July 2017, NERLYNX became available by prescription in the United States, and the Company commenced commercialization.

In February 2020, NERLYNX was also approved by the FDA in combination with capecitabine for the treatment of adult patients with advanced or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer who have received two or more prior anti-HER2-based regimens in the metastatic setting.

In 2018, the European Commission, or EC, granted marketing authorization for NERLYNX in the European Union for the extended adjuvant treatment of adult patients with early stage hormone receptor positive HER2-overexpressed/amplified breast cancer and who are less than one year from the completion of prior adjuvant trastuzumab-based therapy.

The Company is required to make substantial payments to Pfizer upon the achievement of certain milestones and has contractual obligations for clinical trial contracts.

The Company has entered into other exclusive sub-license agreements with various parties to pursue regulatory approval, if necessary, and commercialize NERLYNX, if approved, in many regions outside the United States, including Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine), Canada, China, Southeast Asia, Israel, Mexico, South Korea, and various countries and territories in Central and South America. The Company plans to continue to pursue commercialization of NERLYNX in other countries outside the United States, if approved.

The Company has reported net losses of approximately $31.5 million and $45.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and cash flows from operations of approximately $6.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Company’s commercialization, research and development or marketing efforts may require funding in addition to the cash and cash equivalents totaling approximately $90.1 million and marketable securities totaling approximately $18.9 million available at September 30, 2020. The Company believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities as of September 30, 2020 and proceeds that will become available to the Company through product sales and sub-license payments are sufficient to satisfy its operating cash and needs for at least one year after the filing of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in which these financial statements are included. The Company continues to remain dependent on its ability to obtain sufficient funding to sustain operations and continue to successfully commercialize neratinib in the United States. While the Company has been successful in raising capital in the past, there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so in the future. The Company’s ability to obtain funding may be adversely impacted by uncertain market conditions, the Company’s success in commercializing neratinib, unfavorable decisions of regulatory authorities or adverse clinical trial results. The outcome of these matters cannot be predicted at this time. Additionally, the terms of the Company’s loan and security agreement place restrictions on the Company’s ability to operate the business and on the Company’s financial flexibility, and the Company may be unable to achieve the revenue necessary to satisfy the minimum revenue covenants as specified in the agreement.

Since its inception through September 30, 2020, the Company’s financing has primarily been proceeds from product and license revenue, public offerings of its common stock, private equity placements, and borrowings under its loan and security agreement.

 

 

v3.20.2
Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2—Significant Accounting Policies:

The significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of these unaudited consolidated financial statements are as follows:

Principles of Consolidation:

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Segment Reporting:

Management has determined that the Company operates in one business segment, which is the development and commercialization of innovative products to enhance cancer care.

 

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the period presented. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant estimates include estimates for variable consideration for which reserves were established. These estimates are included in the calculation of net revenues and include trade discounts and allowances, product returns, provider chargebacks and discounts, government rebates, payor rebates, and other incentives, such as voluntary patient assistance, and other allowances that are offered within contracts between the Company and its customers, payors, and other indirect customers relating to the Company’s sale of its products.

Change in Estimate:

 

During the period ended September 30, 2020, the Company changed its estimate of the legal verdict expense and the associated legal expense accrual for the Hsu vs. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. class action lawsuit. The previous estimate was based on data and assumptions that were the best available information at the time. During the third and fourth quarters of 2020, the Company obtained additional data, previously unavailable, from the claims report and amended claims report filed with the Court. The new data indicate that the settlement is expected to be larger than previously estimated.  As a result, the Company has changed its estimate of the legal accrual on a prospective basis beginning in the third quarter of 2020.  

 

This change resulted in an increase of approximately $15.7 million in legal verdict expense and the associated accrued expense, long-term, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the change in estimate has no impact on revenue from operations and reduces net income by approximately $15.7 million. The change in accounting estimate increased the net loss per share by approximately $0.40 for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.  

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock:

Basic net loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the periods presented, as required by Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 260, Earnings per Share. For purposes of calculating diluted net loss per share of common stock, the denominator includes both the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding and the number of dilutive common stock equivalents, such as stock options, restricted stock units, or RSUs, and warrants. A common stock equivalent is not included in the denominator when calculating diluted earnings per common share if the effect of such common stock equivalent would be anti-dilutive and a net loss is reported. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, potentially dilutive securities excluded from the calculations were 5,179,581 shares issuable upon exercise of options, 2,116,250 shares issuable upon exercise of a warrant, and 2,237,615 shares underlying RSUs that were subject to vesting and were antidilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, potentially dilutive securities excluded from the calculations were 5,076,766 shares issuable upon exercise of options, 2,116,250 shares issuable upon exercise of a warrant, and 1,635,242 shares underlying RSUs that were subject to vesting and were antidilutive.  The 2,116,250 shares underlying the warrant will not have an impact on our diluted net income (loss) per share until the average market price of our common stock exceeds the exercise price of $16 per share. Refer to Note 11 for further details about the warrant.  

 

 

Revenue Recognition:

Under ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, or ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of the promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company had no contracts with customers until the FDA approved NERLYNX on July 17, 2017. Subsequent to receiving FDA approval, the Company entered into a limited number of arrangements with specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors in the United States to distribute NERLYNX. These arrangements are the Company’s initial contracts with customers. The Company has determined that these sales channels with customers are similar.

Product Revenue, Net:

The Company sells NERLYNX to a limited number of specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors in the United States. These customers subsequently resell the Company’s products to patients and certain medical centers or hospitals. In addition to distribution agreements with these customers, the Company enters into arrangements with health care providers and payors that provide for government mandated and/or privately negotiated rebates, chargebacks and discounts with respect to the purchase of the Company’s products.

The Company recognizes revenue on product sales when the specialty pharmacy or specialty distributor, as applicable, obtains control of the Company's product, which occurs at a point in time (upon delivery). Product revenue is recorded net of applicable reserves for variable consideration, including discounts and allowances. The Company’s payment terms range between 10 and 68 days.

Shipping and handling costs for product shipments occur prior to the customer obtaining control of the goods and are recorded in cost of sales.

If taxes should be collected from customers relating to product sales and remitted to governmental authorities, they will be excluded from revenue. The Company expenses incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred if the expected amortization period of the asset that the Company would have recognized is one year or less. However, no such costs were incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

Reserves for Variable Consideration:

Revenue from product sales are recorded at the net sales price (transaction price), which includes estimates of variable consideration for which reserves are established. Components of variable consideration include trade discounts and allowances, product returns, provider chargebacks and discounts, government rebates, payor rebates, and other incentives, such as voluntary patient assistance, and other allowances that are offered within contracts between the Company and its customers, payors, and other indirect customers relating to the Company’s sale of its products. These reserves, as detailed below, are based on the related sales, and are classified as reductions of accounts receivable, net when the right of offset exists in accordance with ASU 2013-1, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities, or as a current liability. These estimates take into consideration a range of possible outcomes that are probability-weighted in accordance with the expected value method in ASC 606 for relevant factors such as current contractual and statutory requirements, specific known market events and trends, industry data, and forecasted customer buying and payment patterns. Overall, these reserves reflect the Company’s best estimates of the amount of consideration to which it is entitled based on the terms of the respective underlying contracts.

The amount of variable consideration that is included in the transaction price may be constrained, and is included in the net sales price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the cumulative revenue recognized under the contract will not occur in a future period. The Company’s analyses also contemplated application of the constraint in accordance with the guidance, under which it determined a significant reversal of revenue would not be probable to occur in a future period for the estimates detailed below as of September 30, 2020 and, therefore, the transaction price was not reduced further during the quarter ended September 30, 2020. Actual amounts of consideration ultimately received may differ from the Company’s estimates. If actual results in the future vary from the Company’s estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates, which would affect net product revenue and earnings in the period such variances become known.

Trade Discounts and Allowances:

The Company generally provides customers with discounts, which include incentive fees that are explicitly stated in the Company’s contracts and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the period the related product revenue is recognized.  The reserve for discounts is established in the same period that the related revenue is recognized, together with reductions to accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets. In addition, the Company compensates its customers for sales order management, data, and distribution services. The Company has determined such services received to date are not distinct from the Company’s sale of products to its customers and, therefore, these payments have been recorded as a reduction of revenue within the statements of operations.

Product Returns:

Consistent with industry practice, the Company offers the specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors that are its customers limited product return rights for damaged and expiring product, provided it is within a specified period around the product expiration date as set forth in the applicable individual distribution agreement. The Company estimates the amount of its product sales that may be returned by its customers and records this estimate as a reduction of product revenue, net in the period the related product revenue is recognized, as well as a reduction to accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company currently estimates product returns using its own sales information, including its visibility into the inventory remaining in the distribution channel. The Company has an insignificant amount of returns to date and believes that returns of its products will continue to be minimal.

Provider Chargebacks and Discounts:

Chargebacks for fees and discounts to providers represent the estimated obligations resulting from contractual commitments to sell products to qualified healthcare providers at prices lower than the list prices charged to its customers who directly purchase the product from the Company. Customers charge the Company for the difference between what they pay for the product and the ultimate selling price to the qualified healthcare providers. The reserve for chargebacks is established in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue, net and a reduction to accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets. Chargeback amounts are generally determined at the time of resale to the qualified healthcare provider by customers, and the Company generally issues credits for such amounts within a few weeks of the customer’s notification to the Company of the resale. Chargebacks consist of credits the Company expects to issue for units that remain in the distribution channel at each reporting period-end that the Company expects will be sold to qualified healthcare providers and chargebacks that customers have claimed, but for which the Company has not yet issued a payment.

Government Rebates:

The Company is subject to discount obligations under state Medicaid programs and Medicare. These reserves are recorded in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue, net and the establishment of a current liability, which is included in accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s liability for these rebates consists of invoices received for claims from prior quarters that have not been paid or for which an invoice has not yet been received, estimates of claims for the current quarter, and estimates of future claims that will be made for product that has been recognized as revenue, but which remains in the distribution channel at the end of each reporting period.

Payor Rebates:

The Company contracts with certain private payor organizations, primarily insurance companies and pharmacy benefit managers, for the payment of rebates with respect to utilization of its products. The Company estimates these rebates and records such estimates in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue, net and the establishment of a current liability, which is included in accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

Other Incentives:

Other incentives the Company offers include voluntary patient assistance programs, such as the co-pay assistance program, which are intended to provide financial assistance to qualified commercially insured patients with prescription drug co-payments required by payors. The calculation of the accrual for co-pay assistance is based on an estimate of claims and the cost per claim that the Company expects to receive associated with product that has been recognized as revenue, but remains in the distribution channel at the end of each reporting period.  The adjustments are recorded in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue and the establishment of a current liability, which is included as a component of accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

 

License Revenue:

The Company also recognizes license revenue under certain of the Company’s sub-license agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606. The terms of these agreements may contain multiple performance obligations, which may include licenses and research and development activities. The Company evaluates these agreements under ASC 606 to determine the distinct performance obligations. Non-refundable, upfront fees that are not contingent on any future performance and require no consequential continuing involvement by the Company, are recognized as revenue when the license term commences and the licensed data, technology or product is delivered. The Company defers recognition of non-refundable upfront license fees if the performance obligations are not satisfied.

Prior to recognizing revenue, the Company makes estimates of the transaction price, including variable consideration that is subject to a constraint. Amounts of variable consideration are included in the transaction price to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

If there are multiple distinct performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The standalone selling price is generally determined based on the prices charged to customers or using expected cost-plus margin. Revenue is recognized by measuring the progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligations using an input measure.

Since 2018, the Company has entered into sub-license agreements with certain sub-licensees in territories outside of the United States. These sub-licensing agreements grant certain intellectual property rights and set forth various respective obligations with respect to actions such as development, pursuit and maintenance of regulatory approvals, commercialization and supply of NERLYNX in the sub-licensees’ respective territories.

License fees under the sub-license agreements include one-time upfront payments when each sub-license agreement was executed and potential additional one-time milestone payments due to the Company upon successful completion of certain performance obligations, such as achieving regulatory approvals or sales target thresholds, and potential double-digit royalties on sales of the licensed product, calculated as a percentage of net sales of the licensed product throughout each sub-licensee’s respective territory.  For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2020, pursuant to the sub-license agreements, the Company recognized as license revenue, upfront payments totaling $0.5 million and development-based milestone payments totaling $22.2 million. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized no license revenue. The beginning balance of accounts receivable, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet for license revenue from the sub-license agreements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $2.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, $2.5 million in license revenue from the sub-license agreements is included in accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2020, the total potential milestone payments that would be due to the Company upon achievement of all respective performance obligations under the sub-license agreements is approximately $536.3 million. At this time, the Company cannot estimate if or when these milestone-related performance obligations might be achieved.

 

Royalty Revenue:

 

For sub-license agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when the related sales occur in accordance with the sales-based royalty exception under ASC 606-10-55-65. Royalty revenue consists of consideration earned related to international sales of NERLYNX made by the Company’s sub-licensees in their respective territories. The Company recognizes royalty revenue when the performance obligations have been satisfied. Royalty revenue was $1.4 million and $3.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

Royalties:

Royalties incurred in connection with the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer, as disclosed in Note 13Commitments and Contingencies, are expensed to cost of sales as revenue from product sales is recognized.

Research and Development Expenses:

Research and development expenses, or R&D Expenses, are charged to operations as incurred. The major components of R&D Expenses include clinical manufacturing costs, clinical trial expenses, consulting and other third-party costs, salaries and employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, supplies and materials, and allocations of various overhead costs. Clinical trial expenses include, but are not limited to, investigator fees, site costs, comparator drug costs, and clinical research organization, or CRO, costs. In the normal course of business, the Company contracts with third parties to perform various clinical trial activities in the ongoing development of potential products. The financial terms of these agreements are subject to negotiation and variations from contract to contract and may result in uneven payment flows. Payments under the contracts depend on factors such as the achievement of certain events, the successful enrollment of patients and the completion of portions of the clinical trial or similar conditions. The Company’s accruals for clinical trials are based on estimates of the services received and efforts expended pursuant to contracts with numerous clinical trial sites, cooperative groups and CROs. As actual costs become known, the Company adjusts its accruals in that period.

In instances where the Company enters into agreements with third parties for clinical trials and other consulting activities, upfront amounts are recorded to prepaid expenses and other in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and expensed as services are performed or as the underlying goods are delivered. If the Company does not expect the services to be rendered or goods to be delivered, any remaining capitalized amounts for non-refundable upfront payments are charged to expense immediately. Amounts due under such arrangements may be either fixed fee or fee for service, and may include upfront payments, monthly payments and payments upon the completion of milestones or receipt of deliverables.

Costs related to the acquisition of technology rights and patents for which development work is still in process are charged to operations as incurred and considered a component of R&D Expenses.

Stock-Based Compensation:

Stock Option Awards:

ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, or ASC 718, requires the fair value of all share-based payments to employees and nonemployees, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations over the requisite service period. Under ASC 718, employee and nonemployee option grants are generally valued at the grant date and those valuations do not change once they have been established. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method. As allowed by ASC 718, the Company’s estimate of expected volatility is based on its average volatilities using its past six years of publicly traded history. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant valuation. Option forfeitures are estimated when the option is granted to reduce the option expense to be recognized over the life of the award. The estimated forfeiture rate considers historical employee turnover rates stratified into employee pools, actual forfeiture experience and other factors. The option expense is adjusted upon the actual forfeiture of a stock option grant and the Company periodically revises the estimated forfeiture rate in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Due to its limited history of stock option exercises, the Company uses the simplified method to determine the expected life of the option grants. Compensation expense related to modified stock options is measured based on the fair value for the awards as of the modification date.  Any incremental compensation expense arising from the excess of the fair value of the awards on the modification date compared to the fair value of the awards immediately before the modification date is recognized at the modification date or ratably over the requisite service period, as appropriate.

Restricted Stock Units:

RSUs are valued on the grant date and the fair value of the RSUs is equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.  The RSU expense is recognized over the requisite service period. When the requisite service period begins prior to the grant date (because the service inception date occurs prior to the grant date), the Company is required to begin recognizing compensation cost before there is a measurement date (i.e., the grant date). The service inception date is the beginning of the requisite service period. If the service inception date precedes the grant date, accrual of compensation cost for periods before the grant date shall be based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date. In the period in which the grant date occurs, cumulative compensation cost shall be adjusted to reflect the cumulative effect of measuring compensation cost based on fair value at the grant date rather than the fair value previously used at the service inception date (or any subsequent reporting date). RSU forfeitures are estimated when the RSU is granted to reduce the RSU expense to be recognized over the life of the award. The estimated forfeiture rate considers historical employee turnover rates stratified into employee pools, actual forfeiture experience and other factors. The RSU expense is adjusted upon the actual forfeiture of an RSU grant and the Company periodically revises the estimated forfeiture rate in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Compensation expense related to modified restricted stock units is measured based on the fair value for the awards as of the modification date. Any incremental compensation expense arising from the excess of the fair value of the awards on the modification date compared to the fair value of the awards immediately before the modification date is recognized at the modification date or ratably over the requisite service period, as appropriate.

Warrants:

Warrants (refer to Note 11 for further details) granted to employees and nonemployees are normally valued at the fair value of the instrument on the grant date and are recognized in the statement of operations over the requisite service period. When the requisite service period precedes the grant date and a market condition exists in the warrant, the Company values the warrant using the Monte Carlo Simulation Method. When the terms of the warrant become fixed, the Company values the warrant using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method. As allowed by ASC 718, the Company’s estimate of expected volatility is based on its average volatilities using its publicly traded history. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the warrant is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant valuation. In determining the value of the warrant until the terms are fixed, the Company factors in the probability of the market condition occurring and several possible scenarios. When the requisite service period precedes the grant date and is deemed to be complete, the Company records the fair value of the warrant at the time of issuance as an equity stock-based compensation transaction. The grant date is determined when all pertinent information, such as exercise price and quantity are known.

Income Taxes:

 

The Company follows ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, or ASC 740, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the consolidated financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the asset will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

 

The standard addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the consolidated financial statements. Under ASC 740, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures.  As of September 30, 2020, the Company’s uncertain tax position reserves include a reserve for its R&D credits.

Financial Instruments:

The carrying value of financial instruments, such as cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair value because of their short-term nature. The carrying value of long-term debt approximates its fair value as the principal amounts outstanding are subject to variable interest rates that are based on market rates, which are regularly reset.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents:

 

The Company classifies all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less as cash equivalents.

 

Restricted Cash:

 

Restricted cash represents cash held at financial institutions that is pledged as collateral for stand-by letters of credit for lease and legal verdict commitments. The lease-related letters of credit will lapse at the end of the respective lease terms through 2026. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had restricted cash in the amount of $12.2 million and $13.2 million, respectively.

Investment Securities:

The Company classifies all investment securities (short-term and long-term) as available-for-sale, as the sale of such securities may be required prior to maturity to implement management’s strategies. These securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity until realized. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities, if any, are determined on a specific identification basis.  In accordance with ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, credit losses on available-for-sale securities are reported using an expected loss model and recorded to an allowance. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to yield using the straight-line method. Interest income is recognized when earned.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, or ASC 820, provides a single definition of fair value and a common framework for measuring fair value as well as disclosure requirements for fair value measurements used in financial statements. Under ASC 820, fair value is determined based upon the exit price that would be received by a company to sell an asset or paid by a company to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, exclusive of any transaction costs. Fair value measurements are determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. The principal market is the market with the greatest level of activity and volume for the asset or liability. Absent a principal market to measure fair value, the Company uses the most advantageous market, which is the market from which the Company would receive the highest selling price for the asset or pay the lowest price to settle the liability, after considering transaction costs. However, when using the most advantageous market, transaction costs are only considered to determine which market is the most advantageous and these costs are then excluded when applying a fair value measurement. ASC 820 creates a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values. The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below, with Level 1 having the highest priority and Level 3 having the lowest.

 

Level 1:

  Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2:

  Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

 

Level 3:

  Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable.

 

Following are the major categories of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):

 

September 30, 2020

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Cash equivalents

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

74,360

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

Totals

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

18,942

 

 

$

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Cash equivalents

 

$

41,295

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

41,295

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

U.S. government securities

 

 

10,050

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,050

 

Totals

 

$

51,345

 

 

$

41,557

 

 

$

 

 

$

92,902

 

 

The Company’s investments in commercial paper, corporate bonds and U.S. government securities are exposed to price fluctuations. The fair value measurements for commercial paper, corporate bonds and U.S. government securities are based upon the quoted prices of similar items in active markets multiplied by the number of securities owned.

The following tables summarize the Company’s short-term investments (in thousands):

 

 

 

Maturity

 

Amortized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Estimated

 

September 30, 2020

 

(in years)

 

cost

 

 

Gains

 

 

Losses

 

 

fair value

 

Cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

74,360

 

Commercial paper

 

Less than 1

 

 

18,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

Totals

 

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maturity

 

Amortized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Estimated

 

December 31, 2019

 

(in years)

 

cost

 

 

Gains

 

 

Losses

 

 

fair value

 

Cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

41,295

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

41,295

 

Corporate bonds

 

Less than 1

 

 

41,507

 

 

 

50

 

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

U.S. government securities

 

Less than 1

 

 

10,038

 

 

 

12

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,050

 

Totals

 

 

 

$

92,840

 

 

$

62

 

 

$

 

 

$

92,902

 

 

Concentration of Risk:

 

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and accounts receivable, net. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation insured limits at September 30, 2020, were approximately $102.6 million. The Company does not believe it is exposed to any significant credit risk due to the quality nature of the financial instruments in which the money is held. Pursuant to the Company’s internal investment policy, investments must be rated A-1/P-1 or better by Standard and Poor’s Rating Service and Moody’s Investors Service at the time of purchase.

The Company sells its products in the United States primarily through specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors. Therefore, wholesale distributors and large pharmacy chains account for a large portion of its accounts receivables, net and product revenues, net. The creditworthiness of its customers is continuously monitored, and the Company has internal policies regarding customer credit limits. The Company estimates an allowance for doubtful accounts primarily based on the credit worthiness of its customers, historical payment patterns, aging of receivable balances and general economic conditions. The Company recorded $0 as an allowance for doubtful accounts as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The Company’s success depends on its ability to successfully commercialize NERLYNX. The Company currently has a single product and limited commercial sales experience, which makes it difficult to evaluate its current business, predict its future prospects and forecast financial performance and growth. The Company has invested a significant portion of its efforts and financial resources in the development and commercialization of the lead product, NERLYNX, and expects NERLYNX to constitute the vast majority of product revenue for the foreseeable future.  

The Company relies exclusively on third parties to formulate and manufacture NERLYNX and its drug candidates. The commercialization of NERLYNX and any other drug candidates, if approved, could be stopped, delayed or made less profitable if those third parties fail to provide sufficient quantities of product or fail to do so at acceptable quality levels or prices. The Company

has no experience in drug formulation or manufacturing and does not intend to establish its own manufacturing facilities. The Company lacks the resources and expertise to formulate or manufacture NERLYNX and other drug candidates. While the drug candidates were being developed by Pfizer, both the drug substance and drug product were manufactured by third-party contractors. The Company is using the same third-party contractors to manufacture, supply, store and distribute drug supplies for clinical trials and the commercialization of NERLYNX. If the Company is unable to continue its relationships with one or more of these third-party contractors, it could experience delays in the development or commercialization efforts as it locates and qualifies new manufacturers. The Company intends to rely on one or more third-party contractors to manufacture the commercial supply of drugs.

Inventory:

The Company values its inventories at the lower of cost and estimated net realizable value. The Company determines the cost of its inventories, which includes amounts related to materials and manufacturing overhead, on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company performs an assessment of the recoverability of capitalized inventory during each reporting period, and it writes down any excess and obsolete inventories to their estimated realizable value in the period in which the impairment is first identified. Such impairment charges, should they occur, are recorded within the cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations. The determination of whether inventory costs will be realizable requires estimates by management.  If actual market conditions are less favorable than projected by management, additional write-downs of inventory may be required, which would be recorded as a cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations.

The Company capitalizes inventory costs associated with the Company’s products after regulatory approval, if any, when, based on management’s judgment, future commercialization is considered probable and the future economic benefit is expected to be realized. Inventory that can be used in either the production of clinical or commercial product is recorded as R&D Expenses when selected for use in a clinical trial. Starter kits, provided to patients prior to insurance approval, are expensed by the Company to selling, general and administrative expense as incurred.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company’s inventory balance consisted primarily of raw materials purchased subsequent to FDA approval of NERLYNX.

 

Property and Equipment, Net:

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is generally three years for computer hardware and software, three years for phone equipment, and seven years for furniture and fixtures. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the lesser of the useful life or the lease term. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to operations. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

 

The Company reviews its long-lived assets used in operations for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable, as required by ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, or ASC 360. The Company performs a recoverability test by comparing the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows over the life of the asset to its carrying value on the consolidated balance sheet. If the undiscounted cash flows used in the recoverability test are less than the carrying value, the Company would then determine the fair value of the long-lived asset and recognize an impairment loss for the amount in excess of the carrying value.   

Leases:

 

ASC Topic 842, Leases, as adopted in the first quarter of 2019, requires lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet with a corresponding right-of-use asset, or ROU asset.  ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are evaluated for impairment using the long-lived assets impairment guidance, as required by ASC 360. A significant indication of impairment of an ROU asset would include a change in the extent or manner in which the asset is being used. The Company must make assumptions which underlie the most significant and subjective estimates in determining whether any impairment exists. Those estimates, and the underlying assumptions, include estimates of future cash flow utilizing market lease rates and determination of fair value. If an ROU asset related to an operating lease is impaired, the carrying value of the ROU asset post-impairment should be amortized on a straight-line basis through the earlier of the end of the useful life of the ROU asset or the end of the lease term. Post impairment, a lessee must calculate the amortization of the ROU asset and interest expense on the lease liability separately, although the sum of the two continues to be presented as a single lease cost. If a lease is planned to be abandoned with no intention of subleasing, the ROU asset should be assessed for impairment.

 

Leases will be classified as financing or operating, which will drive the expense recognition pattern. The Company elects to exclude short-term leases if and when the Company has them.  For additional information, see Note 6Leases.  

 

The Company leases office space and copy machines, all of which are operating leases. Most leases include the option to renew and the exercise of the renewal options is at the Company’s sole discretion. Options to extend or terminate a lease are considered in the lease term to the extent that the option is reasonably certain of exercise. The leases do not include options to purchase the leased property. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements is limited by the expected lease term. Covenants imposed by the leases include letters of credit required to be obtained by the lessee.

 

 

The incremental borrowing rate, or IBR, represents the rate of interest the Company would expect to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. When determinable, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to determine the present value of lease payments. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s average IBR for existing leases as of September 30, 2020 is 10.9%.

 

The Company decided to cease the use of a portion of its leased office space in 2019. In connection with the decreased need for the right to use the ROU asset, the Company entered into a sublease for the underlying asset, in which the sublease income is less than the original lease payments, indicating impairment. In performing the recoverability test on the effective date, the undiscounted future estimated cash flows and carrying value were identified for the subleased portion of the leased building, as an individual asset group, defined under ASC 360. A reduction to the carrying value of the ROU asset of approximately $1.2 million was recorded, representing the fair value amount in excess of the carrying value, with a corresponding impairment charge recorded as selling, general and administration expense, in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. There were no indications for impairment during the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

License Fees and Intangible Assets:

 

The Company expenses amounts paid to acquire licenses associated with products under development when the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid is uncertain and the technology has no alternative future use when acquired. Acquisitions of technology licenses are charged to expense or capitalized based upon the asset achieving technological feasibility in accordance with management’s assessment regarding the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid and the potential for alternative future use. The Company has determined that technological feasibility for its product candidates is reached when the requisite regulatory approvals are obtained to make the product available for sale. The Company capitalizes technology licenses upon reaching technological feasibility.

 

The Company maintains definite-lived intangible assets related to the license agreement with Pfizer. These assets are amortized over their remaining useful lives, which are estimated based on the shorter of the remaining patent life or the estimated useful life of the underlying product. Intangible assets are amortized using the economic consumption method if anticipated future revenues can be reasonably estimated. The straight-line method is used when future revenues cannot be reasonably estimated. Amortization costs are recorded as part of cost of sales.  

The Company assesses its intangible assets for impairment if indicators are present or changes in circumstance suggest that impairment may exist. Events that could result in an impairment, or trigger an interim impairment assessment, include the receipt of additional clinical or nonclinical data regarding one of the Company’s drug candidates or a potentially competitive drug candidate, changes in the clinical development program for a drug candidate, or new information regarding potential sales for the drug. If impairment indicators are present or changes in circumstance suggest that impairment may exist, the Company performs a recoverability test by comparing the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows of each intangible asset to its carrying value on the consolidated balance sheet. If the undiscounted cash flows used in the recoverability test are less than the carrying value, the Company would determine the fair value of the intangible asset and recognize an impairment loss if the carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value. In connection with the FDA approval of NERLYNX in July 2017, the Company triggered a one-time milestone payment pursuant to its license agreement with Pfizer. In June 2020, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Pfizer relating to the method of payment associated with a milestone payment under the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer (see Note 13-Commitments and Contingencies). The Company capitalized the milestones as intangible assets and is amortizing the assets to cost of sales on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the licensed patent through 2030. The Company recorded amortization expense related to its intangible assets of $2.0 million and $4.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, estimated future amortization expense related to the Company’s intangible assets was approximately $2.0 million for the remainder of 2020 and $8.0 million for each year starting 2021 through 2029, and $2.0 million for 2030.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards:

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires that credit losses be reported using an expected losses model rather than the incurred losses model that is currently used, and establishes additional disclosures related to credit risks. For trade accounts receivable, the Company recognizes credit losses based on lifetime expected losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, this standard now requires allowances to be recorded instead of reducing the amortized cost of the investment. These amendments under ASU 2016-13 are effective for interim and annual fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13, and the adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s current financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosures.

 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The amendments in ASU 2018-13 modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The amendments did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, as part of its Simplification Initiative to reduce the cost and complexity in accounting for income taxes. The amendments in ASU 2019-12 remove certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. ASU 2019-12 also amends other aspects of the guidance to help simplify and promote consistent application of GAAP. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect ASU 2019-12 to have a material effect on the Company’s current financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosures.

 

v3.20.2
Accounts Receivable, Net
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Accounts Receivable Net [Abstract]  
Accounts Receivable, Net

Note 3—Accounts Receivable, Net:

 

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

$

24,637

 

 

$

26,396

 

License revenue receivable

 

 

2,500

 

 

 

2,500

 

Total accounts receivable, net

 

$

27,137

 

 

$

28,896

 

 

Accounts receivable, net, consists entirely of amounts owed from our customers related to product sales. The license revenue receivable as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 relates to an amount owed from Pint Pharma International, S.A. relating to license revenue recognized during the third quarter of 2019.

v3.20.2
Prepaid Expenses and Other
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Prepaid Expense And Other Assets [Abstract]  
Prepaid Expense and Other Assets

Note 4—Prepaid Expenses and Other:

 

Prepaid expenses and other consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CRO services

 

$

1,420

 

 

$

4,810

 

Other clinical development

 

 

2,752

 

 

 

2,043

 

Insurance

 

 

590

 

 

 

3,452

 

Professional fees

 

 

831

 

 

 

544

 

Other

 

 

2,432

 

 

 

2,410

 

 

 

 

8,025

 

 

 

13,259

 

Long-term:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CRO services

 

 

687

 

 

 

400

 

Other clinical development

 

 

369

 

 

 

468

 

Other

 

 

1,764

 

 

 

1,131

 

 

 

 

2,820

 

 

 

1,999

 

Totals

 

$

10,845

 

 

$

15,258

 

 

Other current prepaid amounts consist primarily of deposits, signing bonuses, licenses, subscriptions and software. Other long-term prepaid amounts consist primarily of deposits, signing bonuses, licenses, subscriptions, software, a capitalized sublease commission and a sublease tenant improvement allowance, net of amortization.  

v3.20.2
Other Current Assets
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Deferred Costs Capitalized Prepaid And Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Other Current Assets

Note 5—Other Current Assets:

 

Other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Deposit for manufacturing costs

 

$

3,376

 

 

$

 

Other

 

 

50

 

 

 

323

 

Totals

 

$

3,426

 

 

$

323

 

 

Other current asset amounts consist primarily of capitalized sublease commission and a sublease tenant improvement allowance, net of amortization.

 

v3.20.2
Leases
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases

Note 6—Leases:

 

In December 2011, the Company entered into a non-cancelable operating lease for office space in Los Angeles, California, which was subsequently amended in November 2012, December 2013, March 2014, July 2015, and December 2017. The initial term of the lease was for seven years and commenced on December 10, 2011. As amended, the Company rents approximately 65,656 square feet. The term of the lease runs until March 2026, and rent amounts payable by the Company increase approximately 3% per year. Concurrent with the execution of the lease, the Company provided the landlord an automatically renewable stand-by letter of credit in the amount of $2.0 million. The stand-by letter of credit is collateralized by a high-yield savings account, which is classified as restricted cash, long-term on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

In June 2012, the Company entered into a long-term lease agreement for office space in South San Francisco, California, which was subsequently amended in May 2014 and July 2015. As amended, the Company rents approximately 29,470 square feet. The term of this lease runs until March 2026, with the option to extend for an additional five-year term, and rents payable by the Company increase approximately 3% per year. The Company provided the landlord an automatically renewable stand-by letter of credit in the amount of $1.1 million. The stand-by letter of credit is collateralized by a high-yield savings account, which is classified as restricted cash, long-term on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company also leases copier equipment for use in the office spaces. Components of lease expense include fixed lease expense and variable lease expense of approximately $3.5 million and $0.3 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Fixed lease expense and variable lease expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, was approximately $3.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For purposes of determining straight-line rent expense, the lease term is calculated from the date the Company first takes possession of the facility, including any periods of free rent and any renewal option periods that the Company is reasonably certain of exercising. The Company’s office and equipment leases generally have contractually specified minimum rent and annual rent increases that are included in the measurement of the ROU asset and related lease liability. Additionally, under these lease arrangements, the Company may be required to pay directly, or reimburse the lessors, for real estate taxes, insurance, utilities, maintenance and other operating costs. Such amounts are generally variable and therefore not included in the measurement of the ROU asset and related lease liability but are instead recognized as variable lease expense in selling, general and administrative costs in the consolidated statements of operations when they are incurred

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the nine months ended September 30, 2020:

 

Operating cash flows for operating leases (in thousands)

 

$

4,194

 

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities

 

 

 

Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)

 

 

5.5

 

Weighted average discount rate

 

 

10.9

%

 

 

The maturity of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Amount

 

2020 (remaining)

 

$

1,312

 

2021

 

 

5,365

 

2022

 

 

5,483

 

2023

 

 

5,631

 

2024

 

 

5,805

 

Thereafter

 

 

7,491

 

Total

 

$

31,087

 

Less: imputed interest

 

 

(7,751

)

Total lease liabilities

 

$

23,336

 

 

 

In February 2019, the Company entered into a long-term sublease agreement for 12,429 square feet of the office space in Los Angeles, California. The term of the lease runs until March 2026 and rent amounts payable to the Company increase approximately 3% per year. The Company recorded operating sublease income of $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, in other income (expenses) in the consolidated statements of operations.

The future minimum lease payments to be received as of September 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Amount

 

2020 (remaining)

 

$

115

 

2021

 

 

467

 

2022

 

 

481

 

2023

 

 

495

 

2024

 

 

510

 

Thereafter

 

 

659

 

Total

 

$

2,727

 

 

v3.20.2
Property and Equipment, Net
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract]  
Property and Equipment, Net

Note 7—Property and Equipment, Net:

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Leasehold improvements

 

$

3,779

 

 

$

3,779

 

Computer equipment

 

 

2,213

 

 

 

2,698

 

Telephone equipment

 

 

340

 

 

 

340

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

 

2,359

 

 

 

2,346

 

 

 

 

8,691

 

 

 

9,163

 

Less: accumulated depreciation

 

 

(6,032

)

 

 

(5,859

)

Totals

 

$

2,659

 

 

$

3,304

 

 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company incurred depreciation expense of $0.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

 

 

v3.20.2
Intangible Assets, Net
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets, Net

Note 8—Intangible Assets, Net:

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Acquired and in-licensed rights

 

$

90,000

 

 

$

50,000

 

Less: accumulated amortization

 

 

(13,856

)

 

 

(9,539

)

Total intangible asset, net

 

$

76,144

 

 

$

40,461

 

 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company incurred amortization expense of $2.0 million and $4.3 million, respectively. In June 2020, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Pfizer relating to the method of payment associated with a one-time milestone payment under the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer (see Note 13-Commitments and Contingencies). The estimated remaining useful life of the intangible assets as of September 30, 2020 is 9.5 years.

 

v3.20.2
Accrued Expenses
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Payables And Accruals [Abstract]  
Accrued Expenses

Note 9—Accrued Expenses:

Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued legal verdict expense

 

$

22,569

 

 

$

31,350

 

Accrued royalties

 

 

8,002

 

 

 

8,866

 

Accrued CRO services

 

 

3,510

 

 

 

8,502

 

Accrued variable consideration

 

 

13,368

 

 

 

7,978

 

Accrued bonus

 

 

5,968

 

 

 

1,618

 

Accrued compensation

 

 

4,688

 

 

 

4,138

 

Accrued other clinical development

 

 

1,531

 

 

 

2,546

 

Accrued professional fees

 

 

2,430

 

 

 

1,775

 

Accrued legal fees

 

 

545

 

 

 

266

 

Accrued manufacturing costs

 

 

494

 

 

 

869

 

Other

 

 

366

 

 

 

1,122

 

 

 

 

63,471

 

 

 

69,030

 

Long-term:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued legal verdict expense

 

 

24,822

 

 

 

 

Accrued CRO services

 

 

542

 

 

 

 

Accrued compensation

 

 

92

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

37

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25,493

 

 

 

 

Totals

 

$

88,964

 

 

$

69,030

 

 

Accrued CRO services, accrued other clinical development expenses, and accrued legal fees represent the Company’s estimates of such costs and are recognized as incurred. Accrued royalties represent royalties incurred in connection with the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer. Accrued compensation includes accrued commissions and accrued vacation, which is accrued at the rate the employee earns vacation and reduced as vacation is used by the employee. Accrued variable consideration represents estimates of adjustments to product revenue, net for which reserves are established. Other accrued expenses consist primarily of accrued contractor/consultant costs, business license fees, taxes, insurance, and marketing fees.

Long-term accrued legal verdict expense represents the Company’s estimate of $24.8 million that may be owed to class action participants as a result of the jury verdict in Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. While the final claims report received in Hsu reflects a total of $50.5 million in claimed damages, the Company intends to challenge these claims and estimates that actual claims could be as low as $24.8 million. The actual amount of damages in Hsu is uncertain and will be ascertained only after an extensive claims challenge process, the completion of post-trial proceedings and the exhaustion of any appeals. As a result, the Company has estimated the legal verdict expense for Hsu to be $24.8 million. Actual damages in the Hsu matter may be higher than the Company’s estimate. In addition, on September 9, 2019, the Court entered an order specifying the rate of prejudgment interest to be awarded on any valid claims at the 52-week Treasury Bill rate. Current accrued legal verdict expense represents an estimate of $22.6 million that may be owed to the plaintiff as a result of the jury verdict in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. The total amount of damages in Eshelman is uncertain and will be ascertained only after the completion of post-trial proceedings and the exhaustion of any appeals. It is also reasonably possible that the total damages in Eshelman will be higher than this estimate.  

 

All accrued expenses are adjusted in the period the actual costs become known.

v3.20.2
Debt
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt

Note 10—Debt:

 

Long term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

Maturity Date

Total debt

 

$

100,000

 

 

June 1, 2024

Accretion of final interest payment

 

 

2,951

 

 

 

Less: current portion of long-term debt

 

 

(5,714

)

 

 

Less: deferred financing costs

 

 

(5,523

)

 

 

Total long-term debt, net

 

$

91,714

 

 

 

 

Loan and Security Agreement:

 

In October 2017, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement with Silicon Valley Bank, or SVB, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto from time to time, or the Original Lenders, including Oxford Finance LLC, or Oxford, and SVB. Pursuant to the terms of the credit facility provided for by the loan and security agreement, or the Original Credit Facility, the Company borrowed $50.0 million.

In May 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the loan and security agreement, which provided for an amended credit facility, or the Amended Credit Facility. Under the Amended Credit Facility, the Original Lenders agreed to make term loans available to the Company in an aggregate amount of $155.0 million, consisting of (i) an aggregate amount of $125.0 million, the proceeds of which, in part, were used to repay the $50.0 million borrowed under the Original Credit Facility, and (ii) an aggregate amount of $30.0 million that the Company drew in December 2018, which was available under the Amended Credit Facility as a result of achieving a specified minimum revenue milestone.          

     

On June 28, 2019, or the Effective Date, the Company entered into an amendment and restatement of the loan and security agreement, which provided for a new credit facility, or the New Credit Facility, with Oxford, as collateral agent, and the lenders party thereto from time to time, including Oxford, pursuant to which the Company repaid the $155.0 million outstanding under the Amended Credit Facility, as well as all applicable exit and prepayment fees owed to the Original Lenders under the Amended Credit Facility, using cash on hand and $100.0 million in new borrowings from the New Credit Facility.  Under the New Credit Facility, the Company issued to Oxford new and/or replacement secured promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount for all such promissory notes of $100.0 million evidencing the New Credit Facility.  No additional money remains available to the Company under the New Credit Facility.

The New Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s personal property other than its intellectual property.  The Company also pledged 65% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of its subsidiaries, Puma Biotechnology Ltd. and Puma Biotechnology B.V.  The New Credit Facility limits the Company’s ability to grant any interest in its intellectual property to certain permitted licenses and permitted encumbrances set forth in the agreement.

The term loans under the New Credit Facility bear interest at an annual rate equal to the greater of (i) 9.0% and (ii) the sum of (a) the “prime rate,” as reported in The Wall Street Journal on the last business day of the month that immediately precedes the month in which the interest will accrue, plus (b) 3.5%. The Company is required to make monthly interest-only payments on each term loan under the New Credit Facility commencing on the first calendar day of the calendar month following the funding date of such term loan, and continuing on the first calendar day of each calendar month thereafter through August 1, 2021, or the Amortization Date. Commencing on the Amortization Date, and continuing on the first calendar day of each calendar month thereafter, the Company will make consecutive equal monthly payments of principal, together with applicable interest, in arrears to each lender under the New Credit Facility, calculated pursuant to the New Credit Facility. All unpaid principal and accrued and unpaid interest with respect to each term loan under the New Credit Facility is due and payable in full on June 1, 2024, or the Maturity Date. Upon repayment of such term loans, the Company is also required to make a final payment to the lenders equal to  7.5% of the aggregate principal amount of such term loans outstanding as of the Effective Date. The effective interest rate as of September 30, 2020 was 12.75%.

At the Company’s option, the Company may prepay the outstanding principal balance of any term loan in whole but not in part, subject to a prepayment fee of 3.0% of any amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs through and including the first anniversary of the funding date of such term loan, 2.0% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after the first anniversary of the funding date of such term loan through and including the second anniversary of the funding date of such term loan, and 1.0% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after the second anniversary of the funding date of such term loan and prior to the Maturity Date.

The New Credit Facility includes affirmative and negative covenants applicable to the Company, its current subsidiaries and any subsidiaries the Company creates in the future. The affirmative covenants include, among others, covenants requiring the Company to maintain its legal existence and governmental approvals, deliver certain financial reports, maintain insurance coverage and satisfy certain requirements regarding deposit accounts. The Company must also achieve certain product revenue targets, measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter on a trailing year-to-date basis. New minimum revenue levels will be established for each subsequent fiscal year by mutual agreement of the Company, Oxford, as collateral agent, and the lenders under the New Credit Facility. The negative covenants include, among others, restrictions on the Company’s transferring collateral, incurring additional indebtedness, engaging in mergers or acquisitions, paying dividends or making other distributions, making investments, creating liens, selling assets and suffering a change in control, in each case subject to certain exceptions.

 

The New Credit Facility also includes events of default, the occurrence and continuation of which could cause interest to be charged at the rate that is otherwise applicable plus 5.0% and would provide Oxford, as collateral agent, with the right to exercise remedies against the Company and the collateral securing the New Credit Facility, including foreclosure against the property securing the New Credit Facility, including the Company’s cash. These events of default include, among other things, the Company’s failure to pay principal or interest due under the New Credit Facility, a breach of certain covenants under the New Credit Facility, the Company’s insolvency, a material adverse change, the occurrence of any default under certain other indebtedness in an amount greater than $500,000 and one or more judgments against the Company in an amount greater than $500,000 individually or in the aggregate that remains unsatisfied, unvacated, or unstayed for a period of 10 days after its entry.

 

On August 5, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the amended and restated loan and security agreement to revise the minimum revenue levels that it must achieve under the terms of the New Credit Facility for the year-to-date periods ending September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2020.

As of September 30, 2020, there were $100.0 million in term loans outstanding under the New Credit Facility, representing all of the Company’s long-term debt outstanding as of that date. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all applicable covenants under the New Credit Facility.

The future minimum principal payments under the New Credit Facility as of September 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Amount

 

2020 (remaining)

 

$

 

2021

 

 

14,286

 

2022

 

 

34,286

 

2023

 

 

34,286

 

2024

 

 

17,142

 

Thereafter

 

 

 

Total

 

$

100,000

 

 

 

Deferred Financing Costs

 

Deferred financing costs consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Deferred financing costs

 

$

8,668

 

 

$

8,668

 

Less: accumulated amortization

 

 

(3,145

)

 

 

(1,701

)

Included in long-term debt

 

$

5,523

 

 

$

6,967

 

 

Deferred financing costs are financing costs related to the Company’s outstanding debt. Amortization of debt issuance costs is expensed using the effective interest method and is included in interest expense. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded approximately $1.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively, of interest expense related to the amortization of debt issuance costs.

 

Paycheck Protection Program Loan:

On April 20, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds from SVB of $8.4 million under the Paycheck Protection Program, or PPP, of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act.  Following the issuance of additional guidance from the U.S. Small Business Administration regarding eligibility requirements for borrowers under the PPP, the Company returned the full amount of the loan to SVB on April 30, 2020.

 

 

 

v3.20.2
Stockholders' Equity
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Equity [Abstract]  
Stockholders' Equity

Note 11—Stockholders’ Equity:

Common Stock:

 

The Company issued 12,000 and 87,625 shares of common stock upon exercise of stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  The Company issued 505,627 and 531,112 shares of common stock upon vesting of RSUs during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Authorized Shares:

The Company has 100,000,000 shares of stock authorized for issuance, all of which are common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.     

Warrants:

In October 2011, the Company issued an anti-dilutive warrant to Alan Auerbach, the Company’s founder and chief executive officer.  The warrant was issued to provide Mr. Auerbach with the right to maintain ownership of at least 20% of the Company’s common stock in the event that the Company raised capital through the sale of its securities in the future.

In connection with the closing of a public offering in October 2012, the exercise price and number of shares underlying the warrant issued to Mr. Auerbach were established and, accordingly, the final value of the warrant became fixed. Pursuant to the terms of the warrant, Mr. Auerbach may exercise the warrant to acquire 2,116,250 shares of the Company’s common stock at $16 per share until October 4, 2021.

Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units:

The Company’s 2011 Incentive Award Plan, as amended, or the 2011 Plan, was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on September 15, 2011. Pursuant to the 2011 Plan, the Company may grant incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options, as well as other forms of equity-based compensation. Incentive stock options may be granted only to employees, while consultants, employees, officers and directors are eligible for the grant of nonqualified options under the 2011 Plan. The maximum term of stock options granted under the 2011 Plan is 10 years and the awards generally vest over a three-year period. The exercise price of incentive stock options granted under the 2011 Plan must be at least equal to the fair value of such shares on the date of grant. Through September 30, 2020, a total of 12,529,412 shares of the Company’s common stock had been reserved for issuance under the 2011 Plan.   

All of the options awarded by the Company have been “plain vanilla options” as determined by the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin 107 - Share Based Payment. As of September 30, 2020, 6,108,663 shares of the Company’s common stock are issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and vesting of RSUs granted under the 2011 Plan and 2,204,978 shares of the Company’s common stock are available for future issuance under the 2011 Plan. The fair value of options granted to employees and nonemployees was estimated using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method (see Note 2) with the following weighted-average assumptions used during the nine months ended September 30:

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Dividend yield

 

 

0.0

%

 

 

0.0

%

Expected volatility

 

 

100.6

%

 

 

99.9

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

0.9

%

 

 

2.5

%

Expected life in years

 

 

5.81

 

 

 

5.76

 

 

The Company’s 2017 Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan, or the 2017 Plan, was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on April 27, 2017. Pursuant to the 2017 Plan, the Company may grant stock options and RSUs, as well as other forms of equity-based compensation to employees, as an inducement to join the Company. The maximum term of stock options granted under the 2017 Plan is 10 years and the awards generally vest over a three-year period. The exercise price of stock options granted under the 2017 Plan must be at least equal to the fair market value of such shares on the date of grant. As of September 30, 2020, a total of 2,000,000  shares of the Company’s common stock have been reserved for issuance under the 2017 Plan. As of September 30, 2020, 1,308,533 shares of the Company’s common stock are issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and vesting of RSUs granted under the 2017 Plan and 453,538 shares of the Company’s common stock are available for future issuance under the 2017 Plan.

 

Stock-based compensation expense was as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended

 

 

For the Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Stock-based compensation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options -

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, general, and administrative

 

$

1,025

 

 

$

1,768

 

 

$

2,908

 

 

$

6,706

 

Research and development

 

 

723

 

 

 

1,786

 

 

 

2,295

 

 

 

6,001

 

Restricted stock units -

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, general, and administrative

 

 

3,076

 

 

 

3,832

 

 

 

10,615

 

 

 

16,221

 

Research and development

 

 

2,741

 

 

 

4,827

 

 

 

11,284

 

 

 

16,863

 

Total stock-based compensation expense

 

$

7,565

 

 

$

12,213

 

 

$

27,102

 

 

$

45,791

 

 

Activity with respect to options granted under the 2011 Plan and 2017 Plan is summarized as follows:

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price

 

 

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Term (years)

 

 

Aggregate

Intrinsic Value

(in thousands)

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2019

 

 

5,042,325

 

 

$

82.42

 

 

 

5.2

 

 

$

1,951

 

Granted

 

 

700,853

 

 

$

10.03

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

(12,000

)

 

$

3.75

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

80

 

Expired

 

 

(551,597

)

 

$

92.49

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at September 30, 2020

 

 

5,179,581

 

 

$

71.73

 

 

 

5.3

 

 

$

3,351

 

Nonvested at September 30, 2020

 

 

1,008,221

 

 

$

12.10

 

 

 

9.3

 

 

 

1,213

 

Exercisable

 

 

4,171,360

 

 

$

86.14

 

 

 

4.3

 

 

$

2,138

 

 

At September 30, 2020, total estimated unrecognized employee compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted prior to that date was approximately $7.7 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years. At September 30, 2020, the total estimated unrecognized employee compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs was approximately $24.3  million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.5  years. The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $7.81  and $21.82 per share, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of RSUs awarded during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $10.57 and $20.36 per share, respectively.    

 

Stock Option Rollforward

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Grant-Date

Fair Value

 

Nonvested shares at December 31, 2019

 

 

439,194

 

 

 

19.38

 

Granted

 

 

700,853

 

 

 

7.81

 

Vested/Issued

 

 

(131,826

)

 

 

34.03

 

Nonvested shares at September 30, 2020

 

 

1,008,221

 

 

$

9.42

 

 

Restricted Stock Unit Rollforward

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Grant-Date

Fair Value

 

Nonvested shares at December 31, 2019

 

 

1,991,125

 

 

$

27.63

 

Granted

 

 

1,174,491

 

 

 

10.57

 

Vested/Issued

 

 

(505,627

)

 

 

42.19

 

Forfeited

 

 

(422,374

)

 

 

23.18

 

Nonvested shares at September 30, 2020

 

 

2,237,615

 

 

$

16.23

 

 

 

v3.20.2
401(k) Savings Plan
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Postemployment Benefits [Abstract]  
401(k) Savings Plan

Note 12—401(k) Savings Plan:

During 2012, the Company adopted a 401(k) savings plan for the benefit of its employees. The Company is required to make matching contributions to the 401(k) plan equal to 100% of the first 3% of wages deferred by each participating employee and 50% on the next 2% of wages deferred by each participating employee. The Company incurred expenses for employer matching contributions of approximately $1.1 million and $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

v3.20.2
Commitments and Contingencies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies

Note 13—Commitments and Contingencies:

Contractual Obligations:

Contractual obligations represent future cash commitments and liabilities under agreements with third parties, and exclude contingent liabilities for which the Company cannot reasonably predict future payment. The Company’s contractual obligations result primarily from obligations for various contract manufacturing organizations and clinical research organizations, which include potential payments we may be required to make under our agreements. The contracts also contain variable costs and milestones that are hard to predict as they are based on such things as patients enrolled and clinical trial sites. The timing of payments and actual amounts paid under contract manufacturing organization, or CMO, and CRO agreements may be different depending on the timing of receipt of goods or services or changes to agreed-upon terms or amounts for some obligations. Also, those agreements are cancelable upon written notice by the Company and, therefore, not long-term liabilities.

 

License Agreement:

 

In August 2011, the Company entered into an agreement pursuant to which Pfizer agreed to grant it a worldwide license for the development, manufacture and commercialization of PB272 neratinib (oral), PB272 neratinib (intravenous) and PB357, and certain related compounds. The license is exclusive with respect to certain patent rights owned by or licensed to Pfizer. Under the agreement, the Company is obligated to commence a new clinical trial for a product containing one of these compounds within a specified period of time and to use commercially reasonable efforts to complete clinical trials and to achieve certain milestones as provided in a development plan. From the closing date of the agreement through December 31, 2011, Pfizer continued to conduct the existing clinical trials on behalf of the Company at Pfizer’s sole expense. At the Company’s request, Pfizer has agreed to continue to perform certain services in support of the existing clinical trials at the Company’s expense. These services will continue through the completion of the transitioned clinical trials. The license agreement “capped” the out of pocket expense the Company would incur to complete the then existing clinical trials. All agreed upon costs incurred by the Company above the “cost cap” would be reimbursed by Pfizer. The Company exceeded the “cost cap” during the fourth quarter of 2012. In accordance with the license agreement, the Company billed Pfizer for agreed upon costs above the “cost cap” until December 31, 2013.

 

On July 18, 2014, the Company entered into an amendment to the license agreement with Pfizer. The amendment amends the agreement to (1) reduce the royalty rate payable by the Company to Pfizer on sales of licensed products; (2) release Pfizer from its obligation to pay for certain out-of-pocket costs incurred or accrued on or after January 1, 2014 to complete certain ongoing clinical studies; and (3) provide that Pfizer and the Company will continue to cooperate to effect the transfer to the Company of certain records, regulatory filings, materials and inventory controlled by Pfizer as promptly as reasonably practicable.

 

As consideration for the license, the Company is required to make substantial payments upon the achievement of certain milestones totaling approximately $187.5 million if all such milestones are achieved. In connection with the FDA approval of NERLYNX in July of 2017, the Company triggered a one-time milestone payment pursuant to the agreement. In June 2020, the Company entered into a letter agreement, or the Letter Agreement, with Pfizer relating to the method of payment associated with a one-time milestone payment under the license agreement with Pfizer. The Letter Agreement permits the Company to make the milestone payment in installments with the amounts payable to Pfizer (including interest) to be made in November 2020 for approximately $10.4 million and in September 2021 for approximately $21.9 million. Unpaid portions of the milestone payment will accrue interest at 6.25% per annum until paid. The installment payments and accrued interest are included in accrued in-licensed rights on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company may trigger additional milestone payments in the future. Should the Company commercialize any more of the compounds licensed from Pfizer or any products containing any of these compounds, the Company will be obligated to pay to Pfizer annual royalties at a fixed rate in the low-to-mid teens of net sales of all such products, subject to certain reductions and offsets in some circumstances. The Company’s royalty obligation continues, on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis, until the later of (1) the last to expire licensed patent covering the applicable licensed product in such country, or (2) the earlier of generic competition for such licensed product reaching a certain level in such country or expiration of a certain time period after first commercial sale of such licensed product in such country. In the event that the Company sublicenses the rights granted to the Company under the license agreement with Pfizer to a third party, the same milestone and royalty payments are required. The Company can terminate the license agreement at will, or for safety concerns, in each case upon specified advance notice.

Legal Proceedings:

 

The Company and certain of its executive officers were named as defendants in the lawsuits detailed below. The Company records a liability in the consolidated financial statements for loss contingencies when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If the reasonable estimate of a known or probable loss is a range, and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other, the minimum amount of the range is accrued. If a loss is reasonably possible but not known or probable, and can be reasonably estimated, the estimated loss or range of loss is disclosed. When determining the estimated loss or range of loss, significant judgment is required to estimate the amount and timing of a loss to be recorded. Currently, the Company has accrued estimated losses of $24.8 million related to Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. and $22.6 million related to Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. as detailed below. For certain legal expenses related to the verdicts listed below, the Company has received reimbursements from its insurers.      

Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc.

   

On June 3, 2015, Hsingching Hsu, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, filed a class action lawsuit against the Company and certain of its executive officers in the United States District Court for the Central District of California (Case No. 8:15-cv-00865-AG-JCG). On October 16, 2015, lead plaintiff Norfolk Pension Fund filed a consolidated complaint on behalf of all persons who purchased the Company’s securities between July 22, 2014 and May 29, 2015. A trial on the claims relating to four statements alleged to have been false or misleading was held from January 15, 2019 to January 29, 2019. At trial, the jury found that three of the four challenged statements were not false or misleading, and thus found in the defendants’ favor on those claims. The jury found liability as to one statement and awarded a maximum of $4.50 per share in damages, which represents approximately 5% of the total claimed damages of $87.20 per share. On September 9, 2019, the Court entered an order specifying the rate of prejudgment interest to be awarded on any valid claims at the 52-week Treasury Bill rate. On September 8, 2020, the claims administrator submitted its final claims report to the Court and, on October 9, 2020, the claims administrator submitted its supplemental claims report. The claims report reflects approximately $50.5 million in claimed damages. The Company disagrees with the amount of claimed damages and has submitted a proposal to the Court for challenging claims. Based on a review of specific claims and subject to the outcome of the claims challenge process, the Company believes that total claimed damages after all claims challenges have been adjudicated could range from $24.8 million to $51.3 million. The total amount of aggregate class-wide damages still remains uncertain and will be ascertained only after the claims challenge process and the exhaustion of any appeals. It is reasonably possible that the final total damages awarded will differ from these estimates; however, the amount is not estimable at this time. A final judgment has not yet been entered.

  

 

Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al.

 

In February 2016, Fredric N. Eshelman filed a lawsuit against the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and President, Alan H. Auerbach, and the Company in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina (Case No. 7:16-cv-00018-D). The complaint generally alleged that Mr. Auerbach and the Company made defamatory statements regarding Dr. Eshelman in connection with a proxy contest. In May 2016, Dr. Eshelman filed a notice of voluntary dismissal of the claims against Mr. Auerbach. A trial on the remaining defamation claims against the Company took place from March 11 to March 15, 2019. At trial, the jury found the Company liable and awarded Dr. Eshelman $15.9 million in compensatory damages and $6.5 million in punitive damages. The Company strongly disagrees with the verdict and, on April 22, 2019, filed a motion for a new trial or, in the alternative, a reduced damages award. The Court denied that motion on March 2, 2020. The Company has appealed that ruling, and the verdict.

Additionally, after trial, the plaintiff filed a motion seeking approximately $3 million in attorneys’ fees, as well as prejudgment interest. In the Court’s March 2 ruling, it denied the motion for attorneys’ fees but granted the request for prejudgment interest, bringing the total judgment to $26.3 million. On March 30, 2020, the plaintiff filed a notice of cross-appeal and conditional cross-appeal, appealing the Court’s order denying the plaintiff’s request for attorneys’ fees and conditionally cross-appealing a Court ruling that certain communications between Mr. Auerbach and his attorneys were protected by attorney-client privilege and a related evidentiary ruling. The Company estimates the high end of potential damages in the matter could be approximately $27.2 million; however, the actual amount of damages payable by the Company is still uncertain and will be ascertained only after completion of the appeal and any subsequent proceedings, and such amount could be greater than the amount of expense already recognized or the high end of the estimate. Due to the appeal, the Company secured a bond for the potential damages, which is collateralized by an automatically renewable stand-by letter of credit in the amount of $8.9 million. The stand-by letter of credit is collateralized by a high-yield savings account, which is classified as restricted cash, current on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 CANbridge Licensing Dispute

On July 28, 2020, the Company filed a request for arbitration against CANbridge Biomed Limited, or CANbridge, before the ICC International Court of Arbitration. The Company is asserting that CANbridge has violated the terms of the Company’s agreement with CANbridge in which it granted CANbridge an exclusive sublicense to develop and commercialize NERLYNX throughout greater China. The Company is seeking an arbitral award that CANbridge breached, or alternatively is in anticipatory breach of, the Company’s agreement with CANbridge; that CANbridge’s conduct constitutes grounds for termination of the agreement; that CANbridge has failed to use commercially reasonable efforts to commercialize NERLYNX as required under the agreement; and that CANbridge must obtain the Company’s consent before transferring the agreement to a third party, subject to certain limitations that do not currently apply. The Company is also seeking damages, costs, and attorneys’ fees. On August 26, 2020, CANbridge filed its response to the Company’s request for arbitration and brought counterclaims for breach of contract; tortious interference with business relations; unjust enrichment; breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing; and declaratory relief.  CANbridge’s counterclaims additionally seek damages, costs and attorneys’ fees. The Company believes that CANbridge’s counterclaims are without merit and responded to CANbridge’s counterclaims on September 30, 2020. As of September 30, 2020, the Company has recorded approximately $0.1 million in legal expense related to the arbitration. The arbitration remains pending.

Legal Malpractice Suit

On September 17, 2020, the Company filed a lawsuit against Hedrick Gardner Kincheloe & Garofalo, L.L.P. and David L. Levy, the attorneys who previously represented the Company in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. in the Superior Court of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. The Company is alleging legal malpractice based on the defendants’ negligent handling of the defense of the Company in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. as detailed above. The Company is seeking recovery of the entire amount awarded in Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc., et al. as detailed above.

 

 

v3.20.2
Subsequent Events
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Subsequent Events [Abstract]  
Subsequent Events

Note 14—Subsequent Events:

 

Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc.

 

On October 9, 2020, the claims administrator submitted its supplemental claims report. The claims report reflects approximately $50.5 million in claimed damages. The Company disagrees with the amount of claimed damages and has submitted a proposal to the Court for challenging claims. Based on a review of specific claims and subject to the outcome of the claims challenge process, the Company believes that total claimed damages after all claims challenges have been adjudicated could range from $24.8 million to $51.3 million. The total amount of aggregate class-wide damages still remains uncertain and will be ascertained only after the claims challenge process and the exhaustion of any appeals. It is reasonably possible that the final total damages awarded will differ from these estimates; however, the amount is not estimable at this time. A final judgment has not yet been entered.

v3.20.2
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation:

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Segment Reporting

Segment Reporting:

Management has determined that the Company operates in one business segment, which is the development and commercialization of innovative products to enhance cancer care.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the period presented. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant estimates include estimates for variable consideration for which reserves were established. These estimates are included in the calculation of net revenues and include trade discounts and allowances, product returns, provider chargebacks and discounts, government rebates, payor rebates, and other incentives, such as voluntary patient assistance, and other allowances that are offered within contracts between the Company and its customers, payors, and other indirect customers relating to the Company’s sale of its products.

Change in Estimate

Change in Estimate:

 

During the period ended September 30, 2020, the Company changed its estimate of the legal verdict expense and the associated legal expense accrual for the Hsu vs. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. class action lawsuit. The previous estimate was based on data and assumptions that were the best available information at the time. During the third and fourth quarters of 2020, the Company obtained additional data, previously unavailable, from the claims report and amended claims report filed with the Court. The new data indicate that the settlement is expected to be larger than previously estimated.  As a result, the Company has changed its estimate of the legal accrual on a prospective basis beginning in the third quarter of 2020.  

 

This change resulted in an increase of approximately $15.7 million in legal verdict expense and the associated accrued expense, long-term, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the change in estimate has no impact on revenue from operations and reduces net income by approximately $15.7 million. The change in accounting estimate increased the net loss per share by approximately $0.40 for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.  

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock:

Basic net loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the periods presented, as required by Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 260, Earnings per Share. For purposes of calculating diluted net loss per share of common stock, the denominator includes both the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding and the number of dilutive common stock equivalents, such as stock options, restricted stock units, or RSUs, and warrants. A common stock equivalent is not included in the denominator when calculating diluted earnings per common share if the effect of such common stock equivalent would be anti-dilutive and a net loss is reported. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, potentially dilutive securities excluded from the calculations were 5,179,581 shares issuable upon exercise of options, 2,116,250 shares issuable upon exercise of a warrant, and 2,237,615 shares underlying RSUs that were subject to vesting and were antidilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, potentially dilutive securities excluded from the calculations were 5,076,766 shares issuable upon exercise of options, 2,116,250 shares issuable upon exercise of a warrant, and 1,635,242 shares underlying RSUs that were subject to vesting and were antidilutive.  The 2,116,250 shares underlying the warrant will not have an impact on our diluted net income (loss) per share until the average market price of our common stock exceeds the exercise price of $16 per share. Refer to Note 11 for further details about the warrant.  

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue Recognition:

Under ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, or ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of the promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company had no contracts with customers until the FDA approved NERLYNX on July 17, 2017. Subsequent to receiving FDA approval, the Company entered into a limited number of arrangements with specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors in the United States to distribute NERLYNX. These arrangements are the Company’s initial contracts with customers. The Company has determined that these sales channels with customers are similar.

Product Revenue, Net:

The Company sells NERLYNX to a limited number of specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors in the United States. These customers subsequently resell the Company’s products to patients and certain medical centers or hospitals. In addition to distribution agreements with these customers, the Company enters into arrangements with health care providers and payors that provide for government mandated and/or privately negotiated rebates, chargebacks and discounts with respect to the purchase of the Company’s products.

The Company recognizes revenue on product sales when the specialty pharmacy or specialty distributor, as applicable, obtains control of the Company's product, which occurs at a point in time (upon delivery). Product revenue is recorded net of applicable reserves for variable consideration, including discounts and allowances. The Company’s payment terms range between 10 and 68 days.

Shipping and handling costs for product shipments occur prior to the customer obtaining control of the goods and are recorded in cost of sales.

If taxes should be collected from customers relating to product sales and remitted to governmental authorities, they will be excluded from revenue. The Company expenses incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred if the expected amortization period of the asset that the Company would have recognized is one year or less. However, no such costs were incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

Reserves for Variable Consideration:

Revenue from product sales are recorded at the net sales price (transaction price), which includes estimates of variable consideration for which reserves are established. Components of variable consideration include trade discounts and allowances, product returns, provider chargebacks and discounts, government rebates, payor rebates, and other incentives, such as voluntary patient assistance, and other allowances that are offered within contracts between the Company and its customers, payors, and other indirect customers relating to the Company’s sale of its products. These reserves, as detailed below, are based on the related sales, and are classified as reductions of accounts receivable, net when the right of offset exists in accordance with ASU 2013-1, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities, or as a current liability. These estimates take into consideration a range of possible outcomes that are probability-weighted in accordance with the expected value method in ASC 606 for relevant factors such as current contractual and statutory requirements, specific known market events and trends, industry data, and forecasted customer buying and payment patterns. Overall, these reserves reflect the Company’s best estimates of the amount of consideration to which it is entitled based on the terms of the respective underlying contracts.

The amount of variable consideration that is included in the transaction price may be constrained, and is included in the net sales price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the cumulative revenue recognized under the contract will not occur in a future period. The Company’s analyses also contemplated application of the constraint in accordance with the guidance, under which it determined a significant reversal of revenue would not be probable to occur in a future period for the estimates detailed below as of September 30, 2020 and, therefore, the transaction price was not reduced further during the quarter ended September 30, 2020. Actual amounts of consideration ultimately received may differ from the Company’s estimates. If actual results in the future vary from the Company’s estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates, which would affect net product revenue and earnings in the period such variances become known.

Trade Discounts and Allowances:

The Company generally provides customers with discounts, which include incentive fees that are explicitly stated in the Company’s contracts and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the period the related product revenue is recognized.  The reserve for discounts is established in the same period that the related revenue is recognized, together with reductions to accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets. In addition, the Company compensates its customers for sales order management, data, and distribution services. The Company has determined such services received to date are not distinct from the Company’s sale of products to its customers and, therefore, these payments have been recorded as a reduction of revenue within the statements of operations.

Product Returns:

Consistent with industry practice, the Company offers the specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors that are its customers limited product return rights for damaged and expiring product, provided it is within a specified period around the product expiration date as set forth in the applicable individual distribution agreement. The Company estimates the amount of its product sales that may be returned by its customers and records this estimate as a reduction of product revenue, net in the period the related product revenue is recognized, as well as a reduction to accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company currently estimates product returns using its own sales information, including its visibility into the inventory remaining in the distribution channel. The Company has an insignificant amount of returns to date and believes that returns of its products will continue to be minimal.

Provider Chargebacks and Discounts:

Chargebacks for fees and discounts to providers represent the estimated obligations resulting from contractual commitments to sell products to qualified healthcare providers at prices lower than the list prices charged to its customers who directly purchase the product from the Company. Customers charge the Company for the difference between what they pay for the product and the ultimate selling price to the qualified healthcare providers. The reserve for chargebacks is established in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue, net and a reduction to accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets. Chargeback amounts are generally determined at the time of resale to the qualified healthcare provider by customers, and the Company generally issues credits for such amounts within a few weeks of the customer’s notification to the Company of the resale. Chargebacks consist of credits the Company expects to issue for units that remain in the distribution channel at each reporting period-end that the Company expects will be sold to qualified healthcare providers and chargebacks that customers have claimed, but for which the Company has not yet issued a payment.

Government Rebates:

The Company is subject to discount obligations under state Medicaid programs and Medicare. These reserves are recorded in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue, net and the establishment of a current liability, which is included in accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s liability for these rebates consists of invoices received for claims from prior quarters that have not been paid or for which an invoice has not yet been received, estimates of claims for the current quarter, and estimates of future claims that will be made for product that has been recognized as revenue, but which remains in the distribution channel at the end of each reporting period.

Payor Rebates:

The Company contracts with certain private payor organizations, primarily insurance companies and pharmacy benefit managers, for the payment of rebates with respect to utilization of its products. The Company estimates these rebates and records such estimates in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue, net and the establishment of a current liability, which is included in accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

Other Incentives:

Other incentives the Company offers include voluntary patient assistance programs, such as the co-pay assistance program, which are intended to provide financial assistance to qualified commercially insured patients with prescription drug co-payments required by payors. The calculation of the accrual for co-pay assistance is based on an estimate of claims and the cost per claim that the Company expects to receive associated with product that has been recognized as revenue, but remains in the distribution channel at the end of each reporting period.  The adjustments are recorded in the same period the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue and the establishment of a current liability, which is included as a component of accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

 

License Revenue:

The Company also recognizes license revenue under certain of the Company’s sub-license agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606. The terms of these agreements may contain multiple performance obligations, which may include licenses and research and development activities. The Company evaluates these agreements under ASC 606 to determine the distinct performance obligations. Non-refundable, upfront fees that are not contingent on any future performance and require no consequential continuing involvement by the Company, are recognized as revenue when the license term commences and the licensed data, technology or product is delivered. The Company defers recognition of non-refundable upfront license fees if the performance obligations are not satisfied.

Prior to recognizing revenue, the Company makes estimates of the transaction price, including variable consideration that is subject to a constraint. Amounts of variable consideration are included in the transaction price to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

If there are multiple distinct performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The standalone selling price is generally determined based on the prices charged to customers or using expected cost-plus margin. Revenue is recognized by measuring the progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligations using an input measure.

Since 2018, the Company has entered into sub-license agreements with certain sub-licensees in territories outside of the United States. These sub-licensing agreements grant certain intellectual property rights and set forth various respective obligations with respect to actions such as development, pursuit and maintenance of regulatory approvals, commercialization and supply of NERLYNX in the sub-licensees’ respective territories.

License fees under the sub-license agreements include one-time upfront payments when each sub-license agreement was executed and potential additional one-time milestone payments due to the Company upon successful completion of certain performance obligations, such as achieving regulatory approvals or sales target thresholds, and potential double-digit royalties on sales of the licensed product, calculated as a percentage of net sales of the licensed product throughout each sub-licensee’s respective territory.  For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2020, pursuant to the sub-license agreements, the Company recognized as license revenue, upfront payments totaling $0.5 million and development-based milestone payments totaling $22.2 million. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized no license revenue. The beginning balance of accounts receivable, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet for license revenue from the sub-license agreements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $2.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, $2.5 million in license revenue from the sub-license agreements is included in accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2020, the total potential milestone payments that would be due to the Company upon achievement of all respective performance obligations under the sub-license agreements is approximately $536.3 million. At this time, the Company cannot estimate if or when these milestone-related performance obligations might be achieved.

 

Royalty Revenue:

 

For sub-license agreements that are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when the related sales occur in accordance with the sales-based royalty exception under ASC 606-10-55-65. Royalty revenue consists of consideration earned related to international sales of NERLYNX made by the Company’s sub-licensees in their respective territories. The Company recognizes royalty revenue when the performance obligations have been satisfied. Royalty revenue was $1.4 million and $3.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

Royalties

Royalties:

Royalties incurred in connection with the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer, as disclosed in Note 13Commitments and Contingencies, are expensed to cost of sales as revenue from product sales is recognized.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and Development Expenses:

Research and development expenses, or R&D Expenses, are charged to operations as incurred. The major components of R&D Expenses include clinical manufacturing costs, clinical trial expenses, consulting and other third-party costs, salaries and employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, supplies and materials, and allocations of various overhead costs. Clinical trial expenses include, but are not limited to, investigator fees, site costs, comparator drug costs, and clinical research organization, or CRO, costs. In the normal course of business, the Company contracts with third parties to perform various clinical trial activities in the ongoing development of potential products. The financial terms of these agreements are subject to negotiation and variations from contract to contract and may result in uneven payment flows. Payments under the contracts depend on factors such as the achievement of certain events, the successful enrollment of patients and the completion of portions of the clinical trial or similar conditions. The Company’s accruals for clinical trials are based on estimates of the services received and efforts expended pursuant to contracts with numerous clinical trial sites, cooperative groups and CROs. As actual costs become known, the Company adjusts its accruals in that period.

In instances where the Company enters into agreements with third parties for clinical trials and other consulting activities, upfront amounts are recorded to prepaid expenses and other in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and expensed as services are performed or as the underlying goods are delivered. If the Company does not expect the services to be rendered or goods to be delivered, any remaining capitalized amounts for non-refundable upfront payments are charged to expense immediately. Amounts due under such arrangements may be either fixed fee or fee for service, and may include upfront payments, monthly payments and payments upon the completion of milestones or receipt of deliverables.

Costs related to the acquisition of technology rights and patents for which development work is still in process are charged to operations as incurred and considered a component of R&D Expenses.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation:

Stock Option Awards:

ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, or ASC 718, requires the fair value of all share-based payments to employees and nonemployees, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations over the requisite service period. Under ASC 718, employee and nonemployee option grants are generally valued at the grant date and those valuations do not change once they have been established. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method. As allowed by ASC 718, the Company’s estimate of expected volatility is based on its average volatilities using its past six years of publicly traded history. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant valuation. Option forfeitures are estimated when the option is granted to reduce the option expense to be recognized over the life of the award. The estimated forfeiture rate considers historical employee turnover rates stratified into employee pools, actual forfeiture experience and other factors. The option expense is adjusted upon the actual forfeiture of a stock option grant and the Company periodically revises the estimated forfeiture rate in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Due to its limited history of stock option exercises, the Company uses the simplified method to determine the expected life of the option grants. Compensation expense related to modified stock options is measured based on the fair value for the awards as of the modification date.  Any incremental compensation expense arising from the excess of the fair value of the awards on the modification date compared to the fair value of the awards immediately before the modification date is recognized at the modification date or ratably over the requisite service period, as appropriate.

Restricted Stock Units:

RSUs are valued on the grant date and the fair value of the RSUs is equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.  The RSU expense is recognized over the requisite service period. When the requisite service period begins prior to the grant date (because the service inception date occurs prior to the grant date), the Company is required to begin recognizing compensation cost before there is a measurement date (i.e., the grant date). The service inception date is the beginning of the requisite service period. If the service inception date precedes the grant date, accrual of compensation cost for periods before the grant date shall be based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date. In the period in which the grant date occurs, cumulative compensation cost shall be adjusted to reflect the cumulative effect of measuring compensation cost based on fair value at the grant date rather than the fair value previously used at the service inception date (or any subsequent reporting date). RSU forfeitures are estimated when the RSU is granted to reduce the RSU expense to be recognized over the life of the award. The estimated forfeiture rate considers historical employee turnover rates stratified into employee pools, actual forfeiture experience and other factors. The RSU expense is adjusted upon the actual forfeiture of an RSU grant and the Company periodically revises the estimated forfeiture rate in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Compensation expense related to modified restricted stock units is measured based on the fair value for the awards as of the modification date. Any incremental compensation expense arising from the excess of the fair value of the awards on the modification date compared to the fair value of the awards immediately before the modification date is recognized at the modification date or ratably over the requisite service period, as appropriate.

Warrants:

Warrants (refer to Note 11 for further details) granted to employees and nonemployees are normally valued at the fair value of the instrument on the grant date and are recognized in the statement of operations over the requisite service period. When the requisite service period precedes the grant date and a market condition exists in the warrant, the Company values the warrant using the Monte Carlo Simulation Method. When the terms of the warrant become fixed, the Company values the warrant using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method. As allowed by ASC 718, the Company’s estimate of expected volatility is based on its average volatilities using its publicly traded history. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the warrant is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant valuation. In determining the value of the warrant until the terms are fixed, the Company factors in the probability of the market condition occurring and several possible scenarios. When the requisite service period precedes the grant date and is deemed to be complete, the Company records the fair value of the warrant at the time of issuance as an equity stock-based compensation transaction. The grant date is determined when all pertinent information, such as exercise price and quantity are known.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes:

 

The Company follows ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, or ASC 740, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the consolidated financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the asset will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

 

The standard addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the consolidated financial statements. Under ASC 740, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures.  As of September 30, 2020, the Company’s uncertain tax position reserves include a reserve for its R&D credits.

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments:

The carrying value of financial instruments, such as cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair value because of their short-term nature. The carrying value of long-term debt approximates its fair value as the principal amounts outstanding are subject to variable interest rates that are based on market rates, which are regularly reset.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents:

 

The Company classifies all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less as cash equivalents.

 

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash:

 

Restricted cash represents cash held at financial institutions that is pledged as collateral for stand-by letters of credit for lease and legal verdict commitments. The lease-related letters of credit will lapse at the end of the respective lease terms through 2026. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had restricted cash in the amount of $12.2 million and $13.2 million, respectively.

Investment Securities

Investment Securities:

The Company classifies all investment securities (short-term and long-term) as available-for-sale, as the sale of such securities may be required prior to maturity to implement management’s strategies. These securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity until realized. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities, if any, are determined on a specific identification basis.  In accordance with ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, credit losses on available-for-sale securities are reported using an expected loss model and recorded to an allowance. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to yield using the straight-line method. Interest income is recognized when earned.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, or ASC 820, provides a single definition of fair value and a common framework for measuring fair value as well as disclosure requirements for fair value measurements used in financial statements. Under ASC 820, fair value is determined based upon the exit price that would be received by a company to sell an asset or paid by a company to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, exclusive of any transaction costs. Fair value measurements are determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. The principal market is the market with the greatest level of activity and volume for the asset or liability. Absent a principal market to measure fair value, the Company uses the most advantageous market, which is the market from which the Company would receive the highest selling price for the asset or pay the lowest price to settle the liability, after considering transaction costs. However, when using the most advantageous market, transaction costs are only considered to determine which market is the most advantageous and these costs are then excluded when applying a fair value measurement. ASC 820 creates a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values. The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below, with Level 1 having the highest priority and Level 3 having the lowest.

 

Level 1:

  Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2:

  Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

 

Level 3:

  Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable.

 

Following are the major categories of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):

 

September 30, 2020

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Cash equivalents

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

74,360

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

Totals

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

18,942

 

 

$

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Cash equivalents

 

$

41,295

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

41,295

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

U.S. government securities

 

 

10,050

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,050

 

Totals

 

$

51,345

 

 

$

41,557

 

 

$

 

 

$

92,902

 

 

The Company’s investments in commercial paper, corporate bonds and U.S. government securities are exposed to price fluctuations. The fair value measurements for commercial paper, corporate bonds and U.S. government securities are based upon the quoted prices of similar items in active markets multiplied by the number of securities owned.

The following tables summarize the Company’s short-term investments (in thousands):

 

 

 

Maturity

 

Amortized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Estimated

 

September 30, 2020

 

(in years)

 

cost

 

 

Gains

 

 

Losses

 

 

fair value

 

Cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

74,360

 

Commercial paper

 

Less than 1

 

 

18,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

Totals

 

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maturity

 

Amortized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Estimated

 

December 31, 2019

 

(in years)

 

cost

 

 

Gains

 

 

Losses

 

 

fair value

 

Cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

41,295

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

41,295

 

Corporate bonds

 

Less than 1

 

 

41,507

 

 

 

50

 

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

U.S. government securities

 

Less than 1

 

 

10,038

 

 

 

12

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,050

 

Totals

 

 

 

$

92,840

 

 

$

62

 

 

$

 

 

$

92,902

 

 

Concentration of Risk

Concentration of Risk:

 

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and accounts receivable, net. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation insured limits at September 30, 2020, were approximately $102.6 million. The Company does not believe it is exposed to any significant credit risk due to the quality nature of the financial instruments in which the money is held. Pursuant to the Company’s internal investment policy, investments must be rated A-1/P-1 or better by Standard and Poor’s Rating Service and Moody’s Investors Service at the time of purchase.

The Company sells its products in the United States primarily through specialty pharmacies and specialty distributors. Therefore, wholesale distributors and large pharmacy chains account for a large portion of its accounts receivables, net and product revenues, net. The creditworthiness of its customers is continuously monitored, and the Company has internal policies regarding customer credit limits. The Company estimates an allowance for doubtful accounts primarily based on the credit worthiness of its customers, historical payment patterns, aging of receivable balances and general economic conditions. The Company recorded $0 as an allowance for doubtful accounts as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The Company’s success depends on its ability to successfully commercialize NERLYNX. The Company currently has a single product and limited commercial sales experience, which makes it difficult to evaluate its current business, predict its future prospects and forecast financial performance and growth. The Company has invested a significant portion of its efforts and financial resources in the development and commercialization of the lead product, NERLYNX, and expects NERLYNX to constitute the vast majority of product revenue for the foreseeable future.  

The Company relies exclusively on third parties to formulate and manufacture NERLYNX and its drug candidates. The commercialization of NERLYNX and any other drug candidates, if approved, could be stopped, delayed or made less profitable if those third parties fail to provide sufficient quantities of product or fail to do so at acceptable quality levels or prices. The Company

has no experience in drug formulation or manufacturing and does not intend to establish its own manufacturing facilities. The Company lacks the resources and expertise to formulate or manufacture NERLYNX and other drug candidates. While the drug candidates were being developed by Pfizer, both the drug substance and drug product were manufactured by third-party contractors. The Company is using the same third-party contractors to manufacture, supply, store and distribute drug supplies for clinical trials and the commercialization of NERLYNX. If the Company is unable to continue its relationships with one or more of these third-party contractors, it could experience delays in the development or commercialization efforts as it locates and qualifies new manufacturers. The Company intends to rely on one or more third-party contractors to manufacture the commercial supply of drugs.

Inventory

Inventory:

The Company values its inventories at the lower of cost and estimated net realizable value. The Company determines the cost of its inventories, which includes amounts related to materials and manufacturing overhead, on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company performs an assessment of the recoverability of capitalized inventory during each reporting period, and it writes down any excess and obsolete inventories to their estimated realizable value in the period in which the impairment is first identified. Such impairment charges, should they occur, are recorded within the cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations. The determination of whether inventory costs will be realizable requires estimates by management.  If actual market conditions are less favorable than projected by management, additional write-downs of inventory may be required, which would be recorded as a cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations.

The Company capitalizes inventory costs associated with the Company’s products after regulatory approval, if any, when, based on management’s judgment, future commercialization is considered probable and the future economic benefit is expected to be realized. Inventory that can be used in either the production of clinical or commercial product is recorded as R&D Expenses when selected for use in a clinical trial. Starter kits, provided to patients prior to insurance approval, are expensed by the Company to selling, general and administrative expense as incurred.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company’s inventory balance consisted primarily of raw materials purchased subsequent to FDA approval of NERLYNX.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and Equipment, Net:

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is generally three years for computer hardware and software, three years for phone equipment, and seven years for furniture and fixtures. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the lesser of the useful life or the lease term. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to operations. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

 

The Company reviews its long-lived assets used in operations for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable, as required by ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, or ASC 360. The Company performs a recoverability test by comparing the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows over the life of the asset to its carrying value on the consolidated balance sheet. If the undiscounted cash flows used in the recoverability test are less than the carrying value, the Company would then determine the fair value of the long-lived asset and recognize an impairment loss for the amount in excess of the carrying value.   

Leases

Leases:

 

ASC Topic 842, Leases, as adopted in the first quarter of 2019, requires lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet with a corresponding right-of-use asset, or ROU asset.  ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are evaluated for impairment using the long-lived assets impairment guidance, as required by ASC 360. A significant indication of impairment of an ROU asset would include a change in the extent or manner in which the asset is being used. The Company must make assumptions which underlie the most significant and subjective estimates in determining whether any impairment exists. Those estimates, and the underlying assumptions, include estimates of future cash flow utilizing market lease rates and determination of fair value. If an ROU asset related to an operating lease is impaired, the carrying value of the ROU asset post-impairment should be amortized on a straight-line basis through the earlier of the end of the useful life of the ROU asset or the end of the lease term. Post impairment, a lessee must calculate the amortization of the ROU asset and interest expense on the lease liability separately, although the sum of the two continues to be presented as a single lease cost. If a lease is planned to be abandoned with no intention of subleasing, the ROU asset should be assessed for impairment.

 

Leases will be classified as financing or operating, which will drive the expense recognition pattern. The Company elects to exclude short-term leases if and when the Company has them.  For additional information, see Note 6Leases.  

 

The Company leases office space and copy machines, all of which are operating leases. Most leases include the option to renew and the exercise of the renewal options is at the Company’s sole discretion. Options to extend or terminate a lease are considered in the lease term to the extent that the option is reasonably certain of exercise. The leases do not include options to purchase the leased property. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements is limited by the expected lease term. Covenants imposed by the leases include letters of credit required to be obtained by the lessee.

 

 

The incremental borrowing rate, or IBR, represents the rate of interest the Company would expect to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. When determinable, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to determine the present value of lease payments. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s average IBR for existing leases as of September 30, 2020 is 10.9%.

 

The Company decided to cease the use of a portion of its leased office space in 2019. In connection with the decreased need for the right to use the ROU asset, the Company entered into a sublease for the underlying asset, in which the sublease income is less than the original lease payments, indicating impairment. In performing the recoverability test on the effective date, the undiscounted future estimated cash flows and carrying value were identified for the subleased portion of the leased building, as an individual asset group, defined under ASC 360. A reduction to the carrying value of the ROU asset of approximately $1.2 million was recorded, representing the fair value amount in excess of the carrying value, with a corresponding impairment charge recorded as selling, general and administration expense, in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. There were no indications for impairment during the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

License Fees and Intangible Assets

License Fees and Intangible Assets:

 

The Company expenses amounts paid to acquire licenses associated with products under development when the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid is uncertain and the technology has no alternative future use when acquired. Acquisitions of technology licenses are charged to expense or capitalized based upon the asset achieving technological feasibility in accordance with management’s assessment regarding the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid and the potential for alternative future use. The Company has determined that technological feasibility for its product candidates is reached when the requisite regulatory approvals are obtained to make the product available for sale. The Company capitalizes technology licenses upon reaching technological feasibility.

 

The Company maintains definite-lived intangible assets related to the license agreement with Pfizer. These assets are amortized over their remaining useful lives, which are estimated based on the shorter of the remaining patent life or the estimated useful life of the underlying product. Intangible assets are amortized using the economic consumption method if anticipated future revenues can be reasonably estimated. The straight-line method is used when future revenues cannot be reasonably estimated. Amortization costs are recorded as part of cost of sales.  

The Company assesses its intangible assets for impairment if indicators are present or changes in circumstance suggest that impairment may exist. Events that could result in an impairment, or trigger an interim impairment assessment, include the receipt of additional clinical or nonclinical data regarding one of the Company’s drug candidates or a potentially competitive drug candidate, changes in the clinical development program for a drug candidate, or new information regarding potential sales for the drug. If impairment indicators are present or changes in circumstance suggest that impairment may exist, the Company performs a recoverability test by comparing the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows of each intangible asset to its carrying value on the consolidated balance sheet. If the undiscounted cash flows used in the recoverability test are less than the carrying value, the Company would determine the fair value of the intangible asset and recognize an impairment loss if the carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value. In connection with the FDA approval of NERLYNX in July 2017, the Company triggered a one-time milestone payment pursuant to its license agreement with Pfizer. In June 2020, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Pfizer relating to the method of payment associated with a milestone payment under the Company’s license agreement with Pfizer (see Note 13-Commitments and Contingencies). The Company capitalized the milestones as intangible assets and is amortizing the assets to cost of sales on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the licensed patent through 2030. The Company recorded amortization expense related to its intangible assets of $2.0 million and $4.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, estimated future amortization expense related to the Company’s intangible assets was approximately $2.0 million for the remainder of 2020 and $8.0 million for each year starting 2021 through 2029, and $2.0 million for 2030.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Issued Accounting Standards:

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires that credit losses be reported using an expected losses model rather than the incurred losses model that is currently used, and establishes additional disclosures related to credit risks. For trade accounts receivable, the Company recognizes credit losses based on lifetime expected losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, this standard now requires allowances to be recorded instead of reducing the amortized cost of the investment. These amendments under ASU 2016-13 are effective for interim and annual fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13, and the adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s current financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosures.

 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The amendments in ASU 2018-13 modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The amendments did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, as part of its Simplification Initiative to reduce the cost and complexity in accounting for income taxes. The amendments in ASU 2019-12 remove certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. ASU 2019-12 also amends other aspects of the guidance to help simplify and promote consistent application of GAAP. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect ASU 2019-12 to have a material effect on the Company’s current financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosures.

v3.20.2
Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Assets Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis

Following are the major categories of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):

 

September 30, 2020

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Cash equivalents

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

74,360

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

Totals

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

18,942

 

 

$

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Cash equivalents

 

$

41,295

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

41,295

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

U.S. government securities

 

 

10,050

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,050

 

Totals

 

$

51,345

 

 

$

41,557

 

 

$

 

 

$

92,902

 

Summary of Short-term Investments

The following tables summarize the Company’s short-term investments (in thousands):

 

 

 

Maturity

 

Amortized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Estimated

 

September 30, 2020

 

(in years)

 

cost

 

 

Gains

 

 

Losses

 

 

fair value

 

Cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

74,360

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

74,360

 

Commercial paper

 

Less than 1

 

 

18,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,942

 

Totals

 

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

93,302

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maturity

 

Amortized

 

 

Unrealized

 

 

Estimated

 

December 31, 2019

 

(in years)

 

cost

 

 

Gains

 

 

Losses

 

 

fair value

 

Cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

41,295

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

41,295

 

Corporate bonds

 

Less than 1

 

 

41,507

 

 

 

50

 

 

 

 

 

 

41,557

 

U.S. government securities

 

Less than 1

 

 

10,038

 

 

 

12

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,050

 

Totals

 

 

 

$

92,840

 

 

$

62

 

 

$

 

 

$

92,902

 

v3.20.2
Accounts Receivable, Net (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Accounts Receivable Net [Abstract]  
Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

$

24,637

 

 

$

26,396

 

License revenue receivable

 

 

2,500

 

 

 

2,500

 

Total accounts receivable, net

 

$

27,137

 

 

$

28,896

 

 

v3.20.2
Prepaid Expenses and Other (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Prepaid Expense And Other Assets [Abstract]  
Components of Prepaid Expenses and Other

Prepaid expenses and other consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CRO services

 

$

1,420

 

 

$

4,810

 

Other clinical development

 

 

2,752

 

 

 

2,043

 

Insurance

 

 

590

 

 

 

3,452

 

Professional fees

 

 

831

 

 

 

544

 

Other

 

 

2,432

 

 

 

2,410

 

 

 

 

8,025

 

 

 

13,259

 

Long-term:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CRO services

 

 

687

 

 

 

400

 

Other clinical development

 

 

369

 

 

 

468

 

Other

 

 

1,764

 

 

 

1,131

 

 

 

 

2,820

 

 

 

1,999

 

Totals

 

$

10,845

 

 

$

15,258

 

v3.20.2
Other Current Assets (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Deferred Costs Capitalized Prepaid And Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Other Current Assets

Other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Deposit for manufacturing costs

 

$

3,376

 

 

$

 

Other

 

 

50

 

 

 

323

 

Totals

 

$

3,426

 

 

$

323

 

v3.20.2
Leases (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Leases [Abstract]  
Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the nine months ended September 30, 2020:

 

Operating cash flows for operating leases (in thousands)

 

$

4,194

 

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities

 

 

 

Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)

 

 

5.5

 

Weighted average discount rate

 

 

10.9

%

 

Maturity of Lease Liabilities

The maturity of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Amount

 

2020 (remaining)

 

$

1,312

 

2021

 

 

5,365

 

2022

 

 

5,483

 

2023

 

 

5,631

 

2024

 

 

5,805

 

Thereafter

 

 

7,491

 

Total

 

$

31,087

 

Less: imputed interest

 

 

(7,751

)

Total lease liabilities

 

$

23,336

 

 

Future Minimum Lease Payments to be Received

The future minimum lease payments to be received as of September 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Amount

 

2020 (remaining)

 

$

115

 

2021

 

 

467

 

2022

 

 

481

 

2023

 

 

495

 

2024

 

 

510

 

Thereafter

 

 

659

 

Total

 

$

2,727

 

 

v3.20.2
Property and Equipment, Net (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract]  
Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Leasehold improvements

 

$

3,779

 

 

$

3,779

 

Computer equipment

 

 

2,213

 

 

 

2,698

 

Telephone equipment

 

 

340

 

 

 

340

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

 

2,359

 

 

 

2,346

 

 

 

 

8,691

 

 

 

9,163

 

Less: accumulated depreciation

 

 

(6,032

)

 

 

(5,859

)

Totals

 

$

2,659

 

 

$

3,304

 

 

v3.20.2
Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Intangible Assets, Net Intangible assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Acquired and in-licensed rights

 

$

90,000

 

 

$

50,000

 

Less: accumulated amortization

 

 

(13,856

)

 

 

(9,539

)

Total intangible asset, net

 

$

76,144

 

 

$

40,461

 

 

v3.20.2
Accrued Expenses (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Payables And Accruals [Abstract]  
Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued legal verdict expense

 

$

22,569

 

 

$

31,350

 

Accrued royalties

 

 

8,002

 

 

 

8,866

 

Accrued CRO services

 

 

3,510

 

 

 

8,502

 

Accrued variable consideration

 

 

13,368

 

 

 

7,978

 

Accrued bonus

 

 

5,968

 

 

 

1,618

 

Accrued compensation

 

 

4,688

 

 

 

4,138

 

Accrued other clinical development

 

 

1,531

 

 

 

2,546

 

Accrued professional fees

 

 

2,430

 

 

 

1,775

 

Accrued legal fees

 

 

545

 

 

 

266

 

Accrued manufacturing costs

 

 

494

 

 

 

869

 

Other

 

 

366

 

 

 

1,122

 

 

 

 

63,471

 

 

 

69,030

 

Long-term:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrued legal verdict expense

 

 

24,822

 

 

 

 

Accrued CRO services

 

 

542

 

 

 

 

Accrued compensation

 

 

92

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

37

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25,493

 

 

 

 

Totals

 

$

88,964

 

 

$

69,030

 

v3.20.2
Debt (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Long Term Debt

Long term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

Maturity Date

Total debt

 

$

100,000

 

 

June 1, 2024

Accretion of final interest payment

 

 

2,951

 

 

 

Less: current portion of long-term debt

 

 

(5,714

)

 

 

Less: deferred financing costs

 

 

(5,523

)

 

 

Total long-term debt, net

 

$

91,714

 

 

 

 

Future Minimum Principal Payments Under New Credit Facility

The future minimum principal payments under the New Credit Facility as of September 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

Amount

 

2020 (remaining)

 

$

 

2021

 

 

14,286

 

2022

 

 

34,286

 

2023

 

 

34,286

 

2024

 

 

17,142

 

Thereafter

 

 

 

Total

 

$

100,000

 

 

 

Schedule of Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred Financing Costs

 

Deferred financing costs consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2020

 

 

December 31, 2019

 

Deferred financing costs

 

$

8,668

 

 

$

8,668

 

Less: accumulated amortization

 

 

(3,145

)

 

 

(1,701

)

Included in long-term debt

 

$

5,523

 

 

$

6,967

 

v3.20.2
Stockholders' Equity (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Equity [Abstract]  
Fair Value Options Weighted-Average Assumptions The fair value of options granted to employees and nonemployees was estimated using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method (see Note 2) with the following weighted-average assumptions used during the nine months ended September 30:

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Dividend yield

 

 

0.0

%

 

 

0.0

%

Expected volatility

 

 

100.6

%

 

 

99.9

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

0.9

%

 

 

2.5

%

Expected life in years

 

 

5.81

 

 

 

5.76

 

Stock-based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense was as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended

 

 

For the Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Stock-based compensation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options -

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, general, and administrative

 

$

1,025

 

 

$

1,768

 

 

$

2,908

 

 

$

6,706

 

Research and development

 

 

723

 

 

 

1,786

 

 

 

2,295

 

 

 

6,001

 

Restricted stock units -

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, general, and administrative

 

 

3,076

 

 

 

3,832

 

 

 

10,615

 

 

 

16,221

 

Research and development

 

 

2,741

 

 

 

4,827

 

 

 

11,284

 

 

 

16,863

 

Total stock-based compensation expense

 

$

7,565

 

 

$

12,213

 

 

$

27,102

 

 

$

45,791

 

Activity with Respect to Options Granted

 

Activity with respect to options granted under the 2011 Plan and 2017 Plan is summarized as follows:

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price

 

 

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Term (years)

 

 

Aggregate

Intrinsic Value

(in thousands)

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2019

 

 

5,042,325

 

 

$

82.42

 

 

 

5.2

 

 

$

1,951

 

Granted

 

 

700,853

 

 

$

10.03

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

(12,000

)

 

$

3.75

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

80

 

Expired

 

 

(551,597

)

 

$

92.49

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at September 30, 2020

 

 

5,179,581

 

 

$

71.73

 

 

 

5.3

 

 

$

3,351

 

Nonvested at September 30, 2020

 

 

1,008,221

 

 

$

12.10

 

 

 

9.3

 

 

 

1,213

 

Exercisable

 

 

4,171,360

 

 

$

86.14

 

 

 

4.3

 

 

$

2,138

 

Stock Options

 

Stock Option Rollforward

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Grant-Date

Fair Value

 

Nonvested shares at December 31, 2019

 

 

439,194

 

 

 

19.38

 

Granted

 

 

700,853

 

 

 

7.81

 

Vested/Issued

 

 

(131,826

)

 

 

34.03

 

Nonvested shares at September 30, 2020

 

 

1,008,221

 

 

$

9.42

 

 

Restricted Stock Units

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted

Average

Grant-Date

Fair Value

 

Nonvested shares at December 31, 2019

 

 

1,991,125

 

 

$

27.63

 

Granted

 

 

1,174,491

 

 

 

10.57

 

Vested/Issued

 

 

(505,627

)

 

 

42.19

 

Forfeited

 

 

(422,374

)

 

 

23.18

 

Nonvested shares at September 30, 2020

 

 

2,237,615

 

 

$

16.23

 

 

 

v3.20.2
Business and Basis of Presentation - Additional Information (Detail)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Subsidiary
Sep. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]          
Number of subsidiaries | Subsidiary     2    
Net loss $ (31,463) $ (16,885) $ (45,001) $ (64,396)  
Net cash used in operating activities     6,408 $ 20,810  
Cash and cash equivalents 90,082   90,082   $ 60,037
Marketable securities $ 18,942   $ 18,942   $ 51,607
v3.20.2
Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2019
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Segment
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2019
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Number of segments | Segment     1    
Legal verdict expense $ 15,855,000   $ 16,041,000 $ 16,350,000  
Accrued legal verdict expense, long-term 24,822,000   24,822,000    
Revenue recognized 50,754,000 $ 56,352,000 172,553,000 209,338,000  
Net loss $ (31,463,000) $ (16,885,000) $ (45,001,000) $ (64,396,000)  
Net loss per share | $ / shares $ (0.79) $ (0.44) $ (1.14) $ (1.67)  
Incremental costs expenses $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0  
Restricted cash 12,200,000   12,200,000   $ 13,200,000
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in excess of insured limits $ 102,600,000   102,600,000    
Allowance for doubtful accounts     $ 0   0
Lessee, operating lease, existence of option to extend     true    
Lessee, operating lease, option to extend, description     Options to extend or terminate a lease are considered in the lease term to the extent that the option is reasonably certain of exercise    
Lessee, operating lease, existence of option to terminate     true    
Lessee, operating lease, option to terminate, description     Options to extend or terminate a lease are considered in the lease term to the extent that the option is reasonably certain of exercise    
Average incremental borrowing rate 10.90%   10.90%    
Reduction in carrying value of right of use asset         $ 1,200,000
Amortization expenses related to intangible assets $ 2,000,000.0   $ 4,300,000    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, remainder of 2020 2,000,000.0   2,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2021 8,000,000.0   8,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2022 8,000,000.0   8,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2023 8,000,000.0   8,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2024 8,000,000.0   8,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2025 8,000,000.0   8,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2026 8,000,000.0   8,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2027 8,000,000.0   8,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2028 8,000,000.0   8,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2029 8,000,000.0   8,000,000.0    
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets, 2030 $ 2,000,000.0   $ 2,000,000.0    
ASU 2016-13          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Change in Accounting Principle, Accounting Standards Update, Adopted [true false] true   true    
Change in Accounting Principle, Accounting Standards Update, Immaterial Effect [true false] true   true    
ASU 2018-13          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Change in Accounting Principle, Accounting Standards Update, Adopted [true false] true   true    
Change in Accounting Principle, Accounting Standards Update, Immaterial Effect [true false] true   true    
Computer Hardware and Software          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Estimated useful lives     3 years    
Phone Equipment          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Estimated useful lives     3 years    
Furniture and Fixtures          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Estimated useful lives     7 years    
Letter of Credit          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Lease expiration year     2026    
Sub-license Agreements          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Development-based milestone payments     $ 22,200,000    
Potential milestone payments receivable $ 536,300,000   536,300,000    
License Revenue          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Revenue recognized   2,750,000 22,700,000 56,250,000  
Revenue recognized from beginning balance 2,700,000   2,500,000    
License Revenue | Sub-license Agreements          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Revenue recognized 0   500,000    
License Revenue | Accounts Receivable, Net | Sub-license Agreements          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Revenue recognized     2,500,000    
Royalty Revenue          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Revenue recognized $ 1,421,000 $ 120,000 $ 3,140,000 $ 175,000  
Minimum          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Revenue recognition, payment terms     10 days    
Maximum          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Revenue recognition, payment terms     68 days    
Amortization period recognized     1 year    
Common Stock          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Shares of common stock that could be acquired by warrant | shares 2,116,250   2,116,250    
Common stock price | $ / shares $ 16   $ 16    
Employee Stock Option          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share | shares 5,179,581 5,076,766 5,179,581 5,076,766  
Warrants          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share | shares 2,116,250 2,116,250 2,116,250 2,116,250  
Restricted Stock Units          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share | shares 2,237,615 1,635,242 2,237,615 1,635,242  
Change in Estimate for Legal Verdict Expense and Accrual          
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]          
Change in accounting estimate, description     During the period ended September 30, 2020, the Company changed its estimate of the legal verdict expense and the associated legal expense accrual for the Hsu vs. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. class action lawsuit. The previous estimate was based on data and assumptions that were the best available information at the time. During the third and fourth quarters of 2020, the Company obtained additional data, previously unavailable, from the claims report and amended claims report filed with the Court. The new data indicate that the settlement is expected to be larger than previously estimated.  As a result, the Company has changed its estimate of the legal accrual on a prospective basis beginning in the third quarter of 2020    
Legal verdict expense $ 15,700,000   $ 15,700,000    
Accrued legal verdict expense, long-term 15,700,000   15,700,000    
Revenue recognized 0   0    
Net loss $ (15,700,000)   $ (15,700,000)    
Net loss per share | $ / shares $ (0.40)   $ (0.40)    
v3.20.2
Assets Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Detail) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Cash equivalents $ 74,360 $ 41,295
Totals 93,302 92,902
Commercial paper    
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Marketable securities 18,942  
Corporate bonds    
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Marketable securities   41,557
U.S. government securities    
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Marketable securities   10,050
Level 1    
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Cash equivalents 74,360 41,295
Totals 74,360 51,345
Level 1 | U.S. government securities    
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Marketable securities   10,050
Level 2    
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Totals 18,942 41,557
Level 2 | Commercial paper    
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Marketable securities $ 18,942  
Level 2 | Corporate bonds    
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Marketable securities   $ 41,557
v3.20.2
Summary of Short-term Investments (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable securities, Amortized cost $ 93,302 $ 92,840
Marketable securities, Unrealized Gains   62
Marketable securities, Estimated fair value 93,302 92,902
Cash equivalents, Amortized cost 90,082 60,037
Cash Equivalents    
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]    
Cash equivalents, Amortized cost 74,360 41,295
Cash equivalents, Estimated fair value $ 74,360 $ 41,295
Commercial paper    
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable securities, Maturity (in years) Less than 1  
Marketable securities, Amortized cost $ 18,942  
Marketable securities, Estimated fair value $ 18,942  
Corporate bonds    
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable securities, Maturity (in years)   Less than 1
Marketable securities, Amortized cost   $ 41,507
Marketable securities, Unrealized Gains   50
Marketable securities, Estimated fair value   $ 41,557
U.S. government securities    
Schedule Of Available For Sale Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable securities, Maturity (in years)   Less than 1
Marketable securities, Amortized cost   $ 10,038
Marketable securities, Unrealized Gains   12
Marketable securities, Estimated fair value   $ 10,050
v3.20.2
Accounts Receivable, Net - Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Accounts Receivable Net [Abstract]    
Accounts receivable, net $ 24,637 $ 26,396
License revenue receivable 2,500 2,500
Total accounts receivable, net $ 27,137 $ 28,896
v3.20.2
Components of Prepaid Expenses and Other (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Prepaid Expenses [Line Items]    
Prepaid expenses and other, current $ 8,025 $ 13,259
Prepaid expenses and other, long-term 2,820 1,999
Totals 10,845 15,258
CRO services    
Prepaid Expenses [Line Items]    
Prepaid expenses and other, current 1,420 4,810
Prepaid expenses and other, long-term 687 400
Other clinical development    
Prepaid Expenses [Line Items]    
Prepaid expenses and other, current 2,752 2,043
Prepaid expenses and other, long-term 369 468
Insurance    
Prepaid Expenses [Line Items]    
Prepaid expenses and other, current 590 3,452
Professional fees    
Prepaid Expenses [Line Items]    
Prepaid expenses and other, current 831 544
Other    
Prepaid Expenses [Line Items]    
Prepaid expenses and other, current 2,432 2,410
Prepaid expenses and other, long-term $ 1,764 $ 1,131
v3.20.2
Schedule of Other Current Assets (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Deferred Costs Capitalized Prepaid And Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]    
Deposit for manufacturing costs $ 3,376  
Other 50 $ 323
Totals $ 3,426 $ 323
v3.20.2
Leases - Additional Information (Detail)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Feb. 28, 2019
ft²
Jun. 30, 2012
ft²
Dec. 31, 2011
ft²
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Leases [Line Items]            
Lessee, operating lease, existence of option to extend         true  
Fixed lease expense         $ 3.5 $ 3.6
Variable lease expense         0.3 $ 0.3
Operating sublease income       $ 0.1 0.3  
Los Angeles, California            
Leases [Line Items]            
Percentage of increase in annual rent 3.00%          
Existing square feet of subleased property | ft² 12,429          
Sublease expiration date Mar. 31, 2026          
Lease Agreement executed on December 2011            
Leases [Line Items]            
Office lease, lease term     7 years      
Existing square feet of leased property | ft²     65,656      
Percentage of increase in annual rent     3.00%      
Office space, lease extension Stand-by letter of credit       2.0 2.0  
Lease expiration date     Mar. 31, 2026      
Lease Agreement executed on June 2012            
Leases [Line Items]            
Existing square feet of leased property | ft²   29,470        
Percentage of increase in annual rent   3.00%        
Office space, lease extension Stand-by letter of credit       $ 1.1 $ 1.1  
Lease expiration date   Mar. 31, 2026        
Lessee, operating lease, existence of option to extend   true        
Lease option to extend, term   5 years        
v3.20.2
Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases (Detail)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
Operating cash flows for operating leases (in thousands) $ 4,194
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years) 5 years 6 months
Weighted average discount rate 10.90%
v3.20.2
Maturity of Lease Liabilities (Detail)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
2020 (remaining) $ 1,312
2021 5,365
2022 5,483
2023 5,631
2024 5,805
Thereafter 7,491
Total 31,087
Less: imputed interest (7,751)
Total lease liabilities $ 23,336
v3.20.2
Future Minimum Lease Payments to be Received (Detail)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
2020 (remaining) $ 115
2021 467
2022 481
2023 495
2024 510
Thereafter 659
Total $ 2,727
v3.20.2
Property and Equipment, Net (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]    
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross $ 8,691 $ 9,163
Less: accumulated depreciation (6,032) (5,859)
Totals 2,659 3,304
Leasehold Improvements    
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]    
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross 3,779 3,779
Computer Equipment    
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]    
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross 2,213 2,698
Telephone Equipment    
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]    
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross 340 340
Furniture and Fixtures    
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]    
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross $ 2,359 $ 2,346
v3.20.2
Property and Equipment, Net - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2020
Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract]    
Depreciation expense $ 0.2 $ 0.7
v3.20.2
Schedule of Intangible Assets, Net (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]    
Acquired and in-licensed rights $ 90,000 $ 50,000
Less: accumulated amortization (13,856) (9,539)
Total intangible asset, net $ 76,144 $ 40,461
v3.20.2
Intangible Assets, Net - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2020
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]    
Amortization expense $ 2.0 $ 4.3
Estimated remaining useful life of intangible assets   9 years 6 months
v3.20.2
Accrued Expenses (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Current:    
Accrued legal verdict expense $ 22,569 $ 31,350
Accrued royalties 8,002 8,866
Accrued CRO services 3,510 8,502
Accrued variable consideration 13,368 7,978
Accrued bonus 5,968 1,618
Accrued compensation 4,688 4,138
Accrued other clinical development 1,531 2,546
Accrued professional fees 2,430 1,775
Accrued legal fees 545 266
Accrued manufacturing costs 494 869
Other 366 1,122
Accrued expenses, current 63,471 69,030
Long-term:    
Accrued legal verdict expense 24,822  
Accrued CRO services 542  
Accrued compensation 92  
Other 37  
Accrued expenses, long-term 25,493  
Totals $ 88,964 $ 69,030
v3.20.2
Accrued Expenses - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Accrued Expenses [Line Items]    
Long-term accrued legal verdict expense, estimate owed $ 24,822  
Current accrued legal verdict expense, estimate owed 22,569 $ 31,350
Hsu v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc.    
Accrued Expenses [Line Items]    
Long-term accrued legal verdict expense, estimate owed 24,800  
Claimed damages amount 50,500  
Accrued estimated losses 24,800  
Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc.    
Accrued Expenses [Line Items]    
Current accrued legal verdict expense, estimate owed $ 22,600  
v3.20.2
Debt - Schedule of Long Term Debt (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]    
Total debt $ 100,000  
Accretion of final interest payment 2,951  
Less: current portion of long-term debt (5,714)  
Less: deferred financing costs (5,523) $ (6,967)
Total long-term debt, net $ 91,714  
Total debt, maturity date Jun. 01, 2024  
v3.20.2
Debt - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
1 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Apr. 20, 2020
Jun. 28, 2019
May 31, 2018
Oct. 31, 2017
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Interest expense related to amortization of debt issuance costs         $ 1,400,000 $ 1,100,000
Silicon Valley Bank and Oxford Finance LLC | Paycheck Protection Program Loan            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Proceeds from loan $ 8,400,000          
Silicon Valley Bank and Oxford Finance LLC | Term Loan            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Line of credit facility, effective date         2017-10  
Amount borrowed under credit facility     $ 125,000,000.0 $ 50,000,000.0    
Term loan, maximum borrowing capacity     155,000,000.0      
Payment of existing credit facility     50,000,000.0      
Line of credit facility available upon achievement of specified minimum revenue milestone     $ 30,000,000.0      
Oxford | Secured Promissory Notes            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Term loan, maximum borrowing capacity   $ 100,000,000.0        
Payment of existing credit facility   155,000,000.0        
Aggregate principal amount   100,000,000.0        
Additional money remains available under new credit facility   $ 0        
Percentage of issued and outstanding capital stock of its subsidiary pledged   65.00%        
Interest rate, description         The term loans under the New Credit Facility bear interest at an annual rate equal to the greater of (i) 9.0% and (ii) the sum of (a) the “prime rate,” as reported in The Wall Street Journal on the last business day of the month that immediately precedes the month in which the interest will accrue, plus (b) 3.5%. The Company is required to make monthly interest-only payments on each term loan under the New Credit Facility commencing on the first calendar day of the calendar month following the funding date of such term loan, and continuing on the first calendar day of each calendar month thereafter through August 1, 2021, or the Amortization Date.  
Annual interest rate   9.00%        
Effective interest rate           12.75%
Redemption period start date   Jun. 01, 2024        
Line of credit facility closing date   Jun. 01, 2024        
Percentage of original principal amount payable in final payment   7.50%        
Percentage of additional interest rate to be charged on the event of default   5.00%        
Amount of indebtedness or judgments against company to be considered as threshold limit for default   $ 500,000        
Principal amounts outstanding         $ 100,000,000.0  
Oxford | Secured Promissory Notes | First Anniversary of Funding            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Prepayment fee, percentage   3.00%        
Oxford | Secured Promissory Notes | Between First Anniversary and Second Anniversary            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Prepayment fee, percentage   2.00%        
Oxford | Secured Promissory Notes | After Second Anniversary and Prior to Maturity Date            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Prepayment fee, percentage   1.00%        
Oxford | Secured Promissory Notes | Prime Rate            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Basis spread on variable rate   3.50%        
v3.20.2
Debt - Future Minimum Principal Payments Under New Credit Facility (Detail)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Total long-term debt, net $ 91,714
Secured Promissory Notes  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
2021 14,286
2022 34,286
2023 34,286
2024 17,142
Total long-term debt, net $ 100,000
v3.20.2
Debt - Schedule of Deferred Financing Costs (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]    
Deferred financing costs $ 8,668 $ 8,668
Less: accumulated amortization (3,145) (1,701)
Included in long-term debt $ 5,523 $ 6,967
v3.20.2
Stockholders Equity - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2019
Oct. 31, 2011
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]        
Issuance of common stock on exercise of option 12,000      
Common stock issued upon vesting of RSUs 505,627 531,112    
Common stock, shares authorized 100,000,000   100,000,000  
Common stock, par value $ 0.0001   $ 0.0001  
Warrant expiration date Oct. 04, 2021      
Issuance of common stock on exercise of option 5,179,581   5,042,325  
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted $ 7.81      
Non Vested Stock Options        
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]        
Estimated unrecognized employee compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted $ 7.7      
Estimated unrecognized employee compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted, Weighted-average period of recognition 1 year 10 months 24 days      
Restricted Stock Units        
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]        
Common stock issued upon vesting of RSUs 505,627      
Issuance of common stock on exercise of vesting of RSUs granted 1,174,491      
Estimated unrecognized employee compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted $ 24.3      
Estimated unrecognized employee compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted, Weighted-average period of recognition 1 year 6 months      
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted $ 7.81 $ 21.82    
Weighted-average grant date fair value of RSUs $ 10.57 $ 20.36    
2011 Plan        
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]        
Common stock shares reserved for issuance 12,529,412      
Stock options, award vesting period 3 years      
Issuance of common stock on exercise of option 6,108,663      
Issuance of common stock on exercise of vesting of RSUs granted 6,108,663      
Common stock shares available for future issuance 2,204,978      
2017 Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan        
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]        
Common stock shares reserved for issuance 2,000,000      
Stock options, award vesting period 3 years      
Issuance of common stock on exercise of option 1,308,533      
Issuance of common stock on exercise of vesting of RSUs granted 1,308,533      
Common stock shares available for future issuance 453,538      
Maximum | 2011 Plan        
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]        
Stock options granted, term 10 years      
Maximum | 2017 Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan        
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]        
Stock options granted, term 10 years      
Common Stock        
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]        
Issuance of common stock on exercise of option 12,000 87,625    
Shares of common stock that could be acquired by warrant 2,116,250      
Common stock price $ 16      
Common Stock | Alan Auerbach | Minimum        
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]        
Minimum ownership percentage of outstanding shares of common stock the president need to maintain after issuance of warrants       20.00%
v3.20.2
Fair Value Options Weighted-Average Assumptions (Detail) - Employee and Nonemployee Stock Option
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Dividend yield 0.00% 0.00%
Expected volatility 100.60% 99.90%
Risk-free interest rate 0.90% 2.50%
Expected life in years 5 years 9 months 21 days 5 years 9 months 3 days
v3.20.2
Stock-based Compensation Expense (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense $ 7,565 $ 12,213 $ 27,102 $ 45,791
Employee Stock Option | Selling, general and administrative        
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense 1,025 1,768 2,908 6,706
Employee Stock Option | Research and development        
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense 723 1,786 2,295 6,001
Restricted Stock Units | Selling, general and administrative        
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense 3,076 3,832 10,615 16,221
Restricted Stock Units | Research and development        
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense $ 2,741 $ 4,827 $ 11,284 $ 16,863
v3.20.2
Activity with Respect to Options Granted (Detail) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Shares    
Beginning balance, shares 5,042,325  
Granted, shares 700,853  
Exercised, shares (12,000)  
Expired, shares (551,597)  
Ending balance, shares 5,179,581 5,042,325
Nonvested, shares 1,008,221 439,194
Exercisable, shares 4,171,360  
Weighted Average Exercise Price    
Beginning Balance, Weighted Average Exercise Price $ 82.42  
Granted, Weighted Average Exercise Price 10.03  
Exercised, Weighted Average Exercise Price 3.75  
Expired, Weighted Average Exercise Price 92.49  
Ending Balance, Weighted Average Exercise Price 71.73 $ 82.42
Nonvested, Weighted Average Exercise Price 12.10  
Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price $ 86.14  
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)    
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) 5 years 3 months 18 days 5 years 2 months 12 days
Granted, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) 0 years  
Nonvested, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) 9 years 3 months 18 days  
Exercisable, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) 4 years 3 months 18 days  
Aggregate Intrinsic Value    
Shares, Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value $ 3,351 $ 1,951
Exercised, Aggregate Intrinsic Value 80  
Exercisable, Aggregate Intrinsic Value $ 2,138  
v3.20.2
Stock Options (Detail)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
$ / shares
shares
Shares  
Nonvested shares, Beginning balance | shares 439,194
Granted, shares | shares 700,853
Vested/Issued, shares | shares (131,826)
Nonvested shares, Ending balance | shares 1,008,221
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value  
Nonvested, Beginning balance, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value | $ / shares $ 19.38
Granted, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value | $ / shares 7.81
Vested/Issued, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value | $ / shares 34.03
Nonvested, Ending balance, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value | $ / shares $ 9.42
v3.20.2
Restricted Stock Units (Detail) - $ / shares
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Shares    
Vested/Issued, shares (505,627) (531,112)
Restricted Stock Units    
Shares    
Nonvested shares, Beginning balance 1,991,125  
Granted, shares 1,174,491  
Vested/Issued, shares (505,627)  
Forfeited, shares (422,374)  
Nonvested shares, Ending balance 2,237,615  
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value    
Nonvested, Beginning balance, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value $ 27.63  
Granted, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value 10.57 $ 20.36
Vested/Issued, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value 42.19  
Forfeited, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value 23.18  
Nonvested, Ending balance, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value $ 16.23  
v3.20.2
401(K) Savings Plan - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]    
Employer matching contribution expenses $ 1.1 $ 1.2
First 3% of each Participant's Contributions    
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]    
Company's matching contributions to the 401(k)plan 100.00%  
Second 2% of each Participant's Contributions    
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]    
Company's matching contributions to the 401(k)plan 50.00%  
v3.20.2
Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
9 Months Ended
Jul. 28, 2020
Mar. 02, 2020
Jan. 29, 2019
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2021
Nov. 30, 2020
Oct. 09, 2020
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
License agreement, expected milestone payment       $ 187,500,000      
Percentage of unpaid portion of milestone payments interest rate       6.25%      
Hsingching Hsu              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Accrued estimated losses       $ 24,800,000      
Loss contingency damages awarded percent of total claim     5.00%        
Loss contingency claimed damages awarded per share     $ 87.20        
Hsingching Hsu | Maximum              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Damages awarded per share     $ 4.50        
Hsingching Hsu | Subsequent Event              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Loss contingency claimed damages amount             $ 50,500,000
Hsingching Hsu | Subsequent Event | Minimum              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Accrued estimated losses             24,800,000
Hsingching Hsu | Subsequent Event | Maximum              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Accrued estimated losses             $ 51,300,000
Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc.              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Accrued estimated losses       22,600,000      
Attorneys fees   $ 3,000,000          
Total judgment value   $ 26,300,000          
Stand-by letter of credit, amount       8,900,000      
Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. | Compensatory              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Damages awarded, value       15,900,000      
Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. | Punitive              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Damages awarded, value       6,500,000      
Eshelman v. Puma Biotechnology, Inc. | Maximum              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Estimated amount of potential damages       27,200,000      
CANbridge Life Sciences              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
Arbitration filed date July 28, 2020            
Legal fees related to arbitration       $ 100,000      
Forecast              
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]              
License agreement, installment milestone payment         $ 21,900,000 $ 10,400,000  
v3.20.2
Subsequent Events - Additional Information (Detail) - Hsingching Hsu - USD ($)
Oct. 09, 2020
Sep. 30, 2020
Subsequent Event [Line Items]    
Estimated claimed damages   $ 24,800,000
Subsequent Event    
Subsequent Event [Line Items]    
Loss contingency claimed damages amount $ 50,500,000  
Subsequent Event | Minimum    
Subsequent Event [Line Items]    
Estimated claimed damages 24,800,000  
Subsequent Event | Maximum    
Subsequent Event [Line Items]    
Estimated claimed damages $ 51,300,000