false2020Q3000073176612/31948,820,7100.010.013,0003,0009499499489480.0010.00110101.251.083.583.06True2.7004.6254.3753.8753.9501.9504.2504.7004.7502.1254.2004.2503.1503.7503.3754.2502.8754.4502.8753.7003.3502.9002.3753.8753.1252.7502.8753.5003.5002.3753.7503.7001.2503.1003.4503.3752.9503.8503.8752.8752.0004.6255.8006.5006.6256.8753.5002.7505.7005.9505336400007317662020-01-012020-09-30xbrli:shares00007317662020-10-30iso4217:USD00007317662020-09-3000007317662019-12-31iso4217:USDxbrli:shares00007317662020-07-012020-09-3000007317662019-07-012019-09-3000007317662019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2020-06-300000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2020-06-300000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2020-06-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2020-06-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2020-06-300000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2020-06-3000007317662020-06-300000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2019-06-300000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2019-06-300000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2019-06-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2019-06-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2019-06-300000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2019-06-3000007317662019-06-300000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2019-09-300000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2019-09-300000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2019-09-3000007317662019-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMemberus-gaap:AccountingStandardsUpdate201613Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:AccountingStandardsUpdate201613Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2018-12-310000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2018-12-310000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2018-12-310000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2018-12-310000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2018-12-310000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2018-12-3100007317662018-12-310000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMemberus-gaap:AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPrincipleEarlyAdoptionMember2018-12-310000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMemberus-gaap:AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPrincipleEarlyAdoptionMember2018-12-310000731766us-gaap:AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPrincipleEarlyAdoptionMember2018-12-310000731766us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommonStockMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:AccountingStandardsUpdate201613Member2020-01-010000731766us-gaap:USTreasuryAndGovernmentMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByPrivateEnterprisesMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:USTreasuryAndGovernmentMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByPrivateEnterprisesMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesMember2019-12-31xbrli:pure0000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:USTreasuryAndGovernmentMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:USTreasuryAndGovernmentMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:USTreasuryAndGovernmentMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Memberus-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByPrivateEnterprisesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByPrivateEnterprisesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByPrivateEnterprisesMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:DebtSecuritiesMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:USTreasuryAndGovernmentMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:USTreasuryAndGovernmentMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:USTreasuryAndGovernmentMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Memberus-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByPrivateEnterprisesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByPrivateEnterprisesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByPrivateEnterprisesMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:DebtSecuritiesMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Memberus-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:LongTermDebtMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Memberus-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:LongTermDebtMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:CommercialPaperMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CommercialPaperMember2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.700NotesdueJuly2020Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.700NotesdueJuly2020Member2019-12-310000731766unh:FloatingratenotesdueOctober2020Member2020-09-300000731766unh:FloatingratenotesdueOctober2020Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.875notesdueOctober2020Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.875notesdueOctober2020Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A1.950notesdueOctober2020Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A1.950notesdueOctober2020Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.700notesdueFebruary2021Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.700notesdueFebruary2021Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.125notesdueMarch2021Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.125notesdueMarch2021Member2019-12-310000731766unh:FloatingratenotesdueJune2021Member2020-09-300000731766unh:FloatingratenotesdueJune2021Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.150notesdueJune2021Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.150notesdueJune2021Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.375notesdueNovember2021Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.375notesdueNovember2021Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.875notesdueDecember2021Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.875notesdueDecember2021Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.875notesdueMarch2022Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.875notesdueMarch2022Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.350notesdueJuly2022Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.350notesdueJuly2022Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.375notesdueOctober2022MemberMember2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.375notesdueOctober2022MemberMember2019-12-310000731766unh:ZeroCouponnotesdueNovember2022Member2020-09-300000731766unh:ZeroCouponnotesdueNovember2022Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.750notesdueFebruary2023Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.750notesdueFebruary2023Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.875notesdueMarch2023Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.875notesdueMarch2023Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.500notesdueJune2023Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.500notesdueJune2023Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.500notesdueFebruary2024Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.500notesdueFebruary2024Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.375notesdueAugust2024Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.375notesdueAugust2024Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.750notesdueJuly2025Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.750notesdueJuly2025Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.700notesdueDecember2025Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.700notesdueDecember2025Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A1250NotesDueJanuary2026Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A1250NotesDueJanuary2026Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.100notesdueMarch2026Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.100notesdueMarch2026Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.450notesdueJanuary2027Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.450notesdueJanuary2027Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.375notesdueApril2027Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.375notesdueApril2027Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.950notesdueOctober2027Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.950notesdueOctober2027Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.850notesdueJune2028Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.850notesdueJune2028Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.875notesdueDecember2028Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.875notesdueDecember2028Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2.875notesdueAugust2029Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2.875notesdueAugust2029Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2000NotesDueMay2030Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2000NotesDueMay2030Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.625notesdueJuly2035Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.625notesdueJuly2035Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A5.800notesdueMarch2036Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A5.800notesdueMarch2036Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A6.500NotesDueJune2037MemberMember2020-09-300000731766unh:A6.500NotesDueJune2037MemberMember2019-12-310000731766unh:A6.625NotesdueNovember2037Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A6.625NotesdueNovember2037Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A6.875notesdueFebruary2038Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A6.875notesdueFebruary2038Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.500notesdueAugust2039Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.500notesdueAugust2039Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2750NotesDueMay2040Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2750NotesDueMay2040Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A5.700notesdueOctober2040Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A5.700notesdueOctober2040Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A5.950notesdueFebruary2041Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A5.950notesdueFebruary2041Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.625notesdueNovember2041Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.625notesdueNovember2041Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.375notesdueMarch2042Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.375notesdueMarch2042Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.950notesdueOctober2042Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.950notesdueOctober2042Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.250notesdueMarch2043Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.250notesdueMarch2043Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.750notesdueJuly2045Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.750notesdueJuly2045Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.200notesdueJanuary2047Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.200notesdueJanuary2047Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.250notesdueApril2047Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.250notesdueApril2047Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.750notesdueOctober2047Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.750notesdueOctober2047Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.250notesdueJune2048Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.250notesdueJune2048Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A4.450notesdueDecember2048Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A4.450notesdueDecember2048Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.700notesdueAugust2049Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.700notesdueAugust2049Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A2900NotesDueMay2050Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A2900NotesDueMay2050Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3.875notesdueAugust2059Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3.875notesdueAugust2059Member2019-12-310000731766unh:A3125NotesDueMay2060Member2020-09-300000731766unh:A3125NotesDueMay2060Member2019-12-310000731766srt:SubsidiariesMember2020-09-300000731766srt:SubsidiariesMember2019-12-310000731766us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMemberunh:Fiveyear4.4billioncreditfacilityMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMemberunh:Threeyear4.4billioncreditfacilityMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMemberunh:A364day3.8billioncreditfacilityMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMembersrt:MinimumMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMembersrt:MaximumMember2020-09-300000731766us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMemberunh:Fiveyear4.4billioncreditfacilityMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMemberunh:Threeyear4.4billioncreditfacilityMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMemberunh:A364day3.8billioncreditfacilityMember2020-01-012020-09-3000007317662020-03-242020-03-2400007317662020-06-302020-06-3000007317662020-09-222020-09-22unh:reportableSegments0000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberunh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberunh:TotalOptumMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:TotalOptumMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:IntersegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:TotalOptumMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMember2020-07-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberunh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberunh:TotalOptumMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:TotalOptumMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:IntersegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:TotalOptumMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMember2019-07-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberunh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberunh:TotalOptumMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:TotalOptumMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:IntersegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:TotalOptumMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMember2020-01-012020-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberunh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberunh:TotalOptumMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMemberus-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:ExternalCustomersMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:TotalOptumMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMemberunh:IntersegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:IntersegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:UnitedhealthcareMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumhealthMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptuminsightMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberunh:OptumrxMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:IntersegmentEliminationMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766unh:TotalOptumMember2019-01-012019-09-300000731766us-gaap:CorporateNonSegmentMember2019-01-012019-09-30

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
__________________________________________________________ 
Form 10-Q
__________________________________________________________ 
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED September 30, 2020
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _______ TO _______
Commission File Number: 1-10864
__________________________________________________________ 
unh-20200930_g1.jpg
UnitedHealth Group Incorporated
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 __________________________________________________________ 
Delaware 41-1321939
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
UnitedHealth Group Center 55343
9900 Bren Road East
Minnetonka,
Minnesota
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(952) 936-1300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
_________________________________________________________  
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par valueUNHNYSE
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes No 
As of October 30, 2020, there were 948,820,710 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, issued and outstanding.



UNITEDHEALTH GROUP
Table of Contents
 
  Page




PART I
ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(in millions, except per share data)September 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$17,550 $10,985 
Short-term investments3,259 3,260 
Accounts receivable, net12,171 11,822 
Other current receivables, net13,231 9,640 
Assets under management3,788 3,076 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets4,822 3,851 
Total current assets54,821 42,634 
Long-term investments39,184 37,209 
Property, equipment and capitalized software, net
8,151 8,704 
Goodwill68,088 65,659 
Other intangible assets, net10,373 10,349 
Other assets10,352 9,334 
Total assets$190,969 $173,889 
Liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity
Current liabilities:
Medical costs payable$21,167 $21,690 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities21,173 19,005 
Short-term borrowings and current maturities of long-term debt3,899 3,870 
Unearned revenues2,391 2,622 
Other current liabilities17,967 14,595 
Total current liabilities66,597 61,782 
Long-term debt, less current maturities39,895 36,808 
Deferred income taxes3,340 2,993 
Other liabilities11,186 10,144 
Total liabilities121,018 111,727 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests1,847 1,726 
Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value - 10 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding
  
Common stock, $0.01 par value - 3,000 shares authorized; 949 and 948 issued and outstanding
10 9 
Additional paid-in capital 7 
Retained earnings69,715 61,178 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(4,494)(3,578)
Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
2,873 2,820 
Total equity68,104 60,436 
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity$190,969 $173,889 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1

Table of Contents
UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
 Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)2020201920202019
Revenues:
Premiums$50,863 $47,397 $150,897 $142,074 
Products8,777 7,546 25,455 23,971 
Services5,124 4,942 14,265 13,756 
Investment and other income351 466 1,057 1,453 
Total revenues65,115 60,351 191,674 181,254 
Operating costs:
Medical costs41,636 39,041 117,314 117,164 
Operating costs10,174 8,960 30,190 25,892 
Cost of products sold7,935 6,627 23,123 21,606 
Depreciation and amortization719 709 2,159 2,002 
Total operating costs60,464 55,337 172,786 166,664 
Earnings from operations4,651 5,014 18,888 14,590 
Interest expense(395)(449)(1,262)(1,267)
Earnings before income taxes4,256 4,565 17,626 13,323 
Provision for income taxes(1,000)(936)(4,209)(2,752)
Net earnings3,256 3,629 13,417 10,571 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests(84)(91)(226)(273)
Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders
$3,172 $3,538 $13,191 $10,298 
Earnings per share attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders:
Basic
$3.34 $3.73 $13.90 $10.82 
Diluted
$3.30 $3.67 $13.73 $10.65 
Basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
950 949 949 952 
Dilutive effect of common share equivalents12 14 12 15 
Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
962 963 961 967 
Anti-dilutive shares excluded from the calculation of dilutive effect of common share equivalents
6 12 9 10 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
2

Table of Contents
UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Unaudited)
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)2020201920202019
Net earnings$3,256 $3,629 $13,417 $10,571 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Gross unrealized gains on investment securities during the period
148 230 919 1,243 
Income tax effect(37)(53)(214)(285)
Total unrealized gains, net of tax
111 177 705 958 
Gross reclassification adjustment for net realized gains included in net earnings
(21)(69)(50)(70)
Income tax effect5 16 12 16 
Total reclassification adjustment, net of tax
(16)(53)(38)(54)
Total foreign currency translation losses
(39)(560)(1,583)(453)
Other comprehensive income (loss)56 (436)(916)451 
Comprehensive income3,312 3,193 12,501 11,022 
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(84)(91)(226)(273)
Comprehensive income attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders
$3,228 $3,102 $12,275 $10,749 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
3

Table of Contents

UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(Unaudited)
Common StockAdditional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Nonredeemable Noncontrolling InterestsTotal
Equity
Three months ended September 30,
(in millions)
SharesAmountNet Unrealized Gains on InvestmentsForeign Currency Translation Losses
Balance at June 30, 2020
950 $10 $388 $67,776 $1,161 $(5,711)$2,891 $66,515 
Net earnings
3,172 62 3,234 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
95 (39)56 
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects
2  321 321 
Share-based compensation
131 131 
Common share repurchases(3) (805)(45)(850)
Cash dividends paid on common shares ($1.25 per share)
(1,188)(1,188)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments
(35)(35)
Acquisition and other adjustments of nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(8)(8)
Distribution to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(72)(72)
Balance at September 30, 2020
949 $10 $ $69,715 $1,256 $(5,750)$2,873 $68,104 
Balance at June 30, 2019
948 $9 $ $56,367 $516 $(3,789)$2,751 $55,854 
Net earnings
3,538 82 3,620 
Other comprehensive income (loss)124 (560)(436)
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects
2  277 277 
Share-based compensation
130 130 
Common share repurchases(3) (415)(185)(600)
Cash dividends paid on common shares ($1.08 per share)
(1,024)(1,024)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments
8 8 
Acquisition and other adjustments of nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(7)(7)
Distribution to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(66)(66)
Balance at September 30, 2019
947 $9 $ $58,696 $640 $(4,349)$2,760 $57,756 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
4

Table of Contents
UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(Unaudited)
Common StockAdditional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Nonredeemable Noncontrolling InterestsTotal
Equity
Nine months ended September 30,
(in millions)
SharesAmountNet Unrealized Gains (Losses) on InvestmentsForeign Currency Translation Losses
Balance at January 1, 2020
948 $9 $7 $61,178 $589 $(4,167)$2,820 $60,436 
Adjustment to adopt ASU 2016-13
(28)(28)
Net earnings
13,191 159 13,350 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
667 (1,583)(916)
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects
10 1 928 929 
Share-based compensation
509 509 
Common share repurchases(9) (1,315)(1,226)(2,541)
Cash dividends paid on common shares ($3.58 per share)
(3,400)(3,400)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments
(129)(129)
Acquisition and other adjustments of nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
42 42 
Distribution to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(148)(148)
Balance at September 30, 2020
949 $10 $ $69,715 $1,256 $(5,750)$2,873 $68,104 
Balance at January 1, 2019
960 $10 $ $55,846 $(264)$(3,896)$2,623 $54,319 
Adjustment to adopt ASU 2016-02
(13)(5)(18)
Net earnings
10,298 196 10,494 
Other comprehensive income (loss)904 (453)451 
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects
8  438 438 
Share-based compensation
521 521 
Common share repurchases(21)(1)(573)(4,527)(5,101)
Cash dividends paid on common shares ($3.06 per share)
(2,908)(2,908)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments
(277)(277)
Acquisition and other adjustments of nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(109)157 48 
Distribution to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(211)(211)
Balance at September 30, 2019
947 $9 $ $58,696 $640 $(4,349)$2,760 $57,756 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
5

Table of Contents
UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)20202019
Operating activities
Net earnings$13,417 $10,571 
Noncash items:
Depreciation and amortization2,159 2,002 
Deferred income taxes119 177 
Share-based compensation527 525 
Other, net48 (181)
Net change in other operating items, net of effects from acquisitions and changes in AARP balances:
Accounts receivable(194)957 
Other assets(2,697)(2,181)
Medical costs payable(615)223 
Accounts payable and other liabilities3,441 105 
Unearned revenues(132)60 
Cash flows from operating activities16,073 12,258 
Investing activities
Purchases of investments(11,570)(13,386)
Sales of investments4,887 6,198 
Maturities of investments5,297 5,160 
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash assumed(4,326)(8,200)
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software(1,477)(1,421)
Other, net(165)338 
Cash flows used for investing activities(7,354)(11,311)
Financing activities
Common share repurchases(2,541)(5,101)
Cash dividends paid(3,400)(2,908)
Proceeds from common stock issuances1,206 740 
Repayments of long-term debt(1,500)(1,250)
(Repayments of) proceeds from short-term borrowings, net(423)3,998 
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt4,864 5,444 
Customer funds administered249 420 
Other, net(449)(756)
Cash flows (used for) from financing activities(1,994)587 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(160)(37)
Increase in cash and cash equivalents6,565 1,497 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period10,985 10,866 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$17,550 $12,363 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
6

Table of Contents
UnitedHealth Group
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1.    Basis of Presentation
UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (individually and together with its subsidiaries, “UnitedHealth Group” and “the Company”) is a diversified health care company dedicated to helping people live healthier lives and helping make the health system work better for everyone.
Through its diversified family of businesses, the Company leverages core competencies in data and health information, advanced technology and clinical expertise. These core competencies are deployed within two distinct, but strategically aligned, business platforms: health benefits operating under UnitedHealthcare and health services operating under Optum.
The Company has prepared the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements according to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and has included the accounts of UnitedHealth Group and its subsidiaries. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Company has omitted certain footnote disclosures that would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in its annual audited Consolidated Financial Statements. Therefore, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read together with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 as filed with the SEC (2019 10-K). The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present the interim financial statements fairly.
Use of Estimates
These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include certain amounts based on the Company’s best estimates and judgments. The Company’s most significant estimates include medical costs payable and goodwill. Certain of these estimates require the application of complex assumptions and judgments, often because they involve matters that are inherently uncertain and will likely change in subsequent periods. The impact of any change in estimates is included in earnings in the period in which the estimate is adjusted.
Revenue from Products
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized revenue and cost of products sold for retail pharmacy co-payments related to its OptumRx business. Revenue recognized in prior periods related to retail pharmacy transactions excludes the member’s applicable co-payment. There was no impact on earnings from operations, net earnings, earnings per share or total equity.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)” (ASU 2016-13). ASU 2016-13 requires the use of the current expected credit loss impairment model to develop an estimate of expected credit losses for certain financial assets. ASU 2016-13 also requires expected credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities to be recognized through an allowance for credit losses and revises certain disclosure requirements. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 using a cumulative effect upon adoption approach. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 was immaterial to the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, results of operations, equity and cash flows.
Under the current expected credit loss impairment model, the Company evaluates an available-for-sale debt security for credit-related impairment by considering the present value of expected cash flows relative to a security’s amortized cost, the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer and specific events or circumstances that may influence the operations of the issuer. Credit-related impairments are recorded as an allowance, with an offset to investment and other income. Non-credit related impairments are recorded through other comprehensive income. If the Company intends to sell an impaired security, or will likely be required to sell a security before recovery of the entire amortized cost, the entire impairment is included in net earnings.
The Company has determined that there have been no other recently adopted or issued accounting standards that had, or will have, a material impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7

Table of Contents
2.    Investments
A summary of debt securities by major security type is as follows:
(in millions)Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
September 30, 2020
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations$3,374 $160 $ $3,534 
State and municipal obligations6,311 377 (4)6,684 
Corporate obligations18,461 778 (35)19,204 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities6,523 270 (3)6,790 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities2,033 98 (6)2,125 
Total debt securities - available-for-sale36,702 1,683 (48)38,337 
Debt securities - held-to-maturity:
U.S. government and agency obligations422 7  429 
State and municipal obligations31 2  33 
Corporate obligations245 1  246 
Total debt securities - held-to-maturity698 10  708 
Total debt securities$37,400 $1,693 $(48)$39,045 
December 31, 2019
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations$3,502 $55 $(4)$3,553 
State and municipal obligations5,680 251 (5)5,926 
Corporate obligations17,910 343 (11)18,242 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities6,425 109 (6)6,528 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities1,811 37 (3)1,845 
Total debt securities - available-for-sale35,328 795 (29)36,094 
Debt securities - held-to-maturity:
U.S. government and agency obligations402 2  404 
State and municipal obligations32 2  34 
Corporate obligations538  (1)537 
Total debt securities - held-to-maturity972 4 (1)975 
Total debt securities$36,300 $799 $(30)$37,069 
The Company held $2.1 billion and $2.0 billion of equity securities as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company’s investments in equity securities primarily consist of employee savings plan related investments and shares of Brazilian real denominated fixed-income funds with readily determinable fair values. Additionally, the Company’s investments included $1.3 billion and $1.4 billion of equity method investments in operating businesses in the health care sector as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity securities at September 30, 2020 was not material.
8

Table of Contents
The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities as of September 30, 2020, by contractual maturity, were as follows:
Available-for-SaleHeld-to-Maturity
(in millions)Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Due in one year or less$3,388 $3,407 $400 $401 
Due after one year through five years11,253 11,678 246 252 
Due after five years through ten years9,179 9,826 30 31 
Due after ten years4,326 4,511 22 24 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities6,523 6,790 — — 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities2,033 2,125 — — 
Total debt securities$36,702 $38,337 $698 $708 
The fair value of available-for-sale debt securities with gross unrealized losses by major security type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position were as follows:
 Less Than 12 Months12 Months or Greater Total
(in millions)Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
September 30, 2020
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
State and municipal obligations$366 $(4)$ $ $366 $(4)
Corporate obligations2,314 (30)400 (5)2,714 (35)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities687 (3)  687 (3)
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities
278 (3)55 (3)333 (6)
Total debt securities - available-for-sale$3,645 $(40)$455 $(8)$4,100 $(48)
December 31, 2019
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations
$616 $(4)$ $ $616 $(4)
State and municipal obligations440 (5)  440 (5)
Corporate obligations1,903 (7)740 (4)2,643 (11)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities657 (3)333 (3)990 (6)
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities
406 (3)  406 (3)
Total debt securities - available-for-sale$4,022 $(22)$1,073 $(7)$5,095 $(29)
The Company’s unrealized losses from debt securities as of September 30, 2020 were generated from approximately 3,000 positions out of a total of 34,000 positions. The Company believes that it will collect the timely principal and interest due on its debt securities that have an amortized cost in excess of fair value. The unrealized losses were primarily caused by interest rate increases and not by unfavorable changes in the credit quality associated with these securities that impacted our assessment on collectability of principal and interest. At each reporting period, the Company evaluates available-for-sale debt securities for any credit-related impairment when the fair value of the investment is less than its amortized cost. The Company evaluated the expected cash flows, the underlying credit quality and credit ratings of the issuers, and the potential economic impacts of COVID-19 on the issuers, noting no significant credit deterioration since purchase. As of September 30, 2020, the Company did not have the intent to sell any of the available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position. Therefore, the Company believes these losses to be temporary. The allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities at September 30, 2020 was not material.
9

Table of Contents
3.    Fair Value
Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements or have fair values disclosed in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. These assets and liabilities are classified into one of three levels of a hierarchy defined by GAAP.
For a description of the methods and assumptions that are used to estimate the fair value and determine the fair value hierarchy classification of each class of financial instrument, see Note 4 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in the 2019 10-K.
The following table presents a summary of fair value measurements by level and carrying values for items measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
(in millions)Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total
Fair and Carrying
Value
September 30, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents$17,472 $78 $ $17,550 
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations3,336 198  3,534 
State and municipal obligations 6,684  6,684 
Corporate obligations44 18,881 279 19,204 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities 6,790  6,790 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities 2,125  2,125 
Total debt securities - available-for-sale3,380 34,678 279 38,337 
Equity securities1,593 30  1,623 
Assets under management 1,690 2,050 48 3,788 
Total assets at fair value$24,135 $36,836 $327 $61,298 
Percentage of total assets at fair value39 %60 %%100 %
December 31, 2019
Cash and cash equivalents$10,837 $148 $ $10,985 
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations3,369 184  3,553 
State and municipal obligations 5,926  5,926 
Corporate obligations70 17,923 249 18,242 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities 6,528  6,528 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities 1,845  1,845 
Total debt securities - available-for-sale3,439 32,406 249 36,094 
Equity securities1,734 22  1,756 
Assets under management 1,123 1,918 35 3,076 
Total assets at fair value$17,133 $34,494 $284 $51,911 
Percentage of total assets at fair value33 %66 %%100 %
There were no transfers in or out of Level 3 financial assets or liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 or 2019.
10

Table of Contents
The following table presents a summary of fair value measurements by level and carrying values for certain financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
(in millions)Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total
Fair
Value
Total Carrying Value
September 30, 2020
Debt securities - held-to-maturity$531 $99 $78 $708 $698 
Long-term debt and other financing obligations$ $51,785 $ $51,785 $43,794 
December 31, 2019
Debt securities - held-to-maturity$541 $181 $253 $975 $972 
Long-term debt and other financing obligations$ $45,078 $ $45,078 $40,278 
Nonfinancial assets and liabilities or financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances, such as when the Company records an impairment. There were no significant fair value adjustments for these assets and liabilities recorded during either the nine months ended September 30, 2020 or 2019.
4.    Medical Costs Payable
The following table shows the components of the change in medical costs payable for the nine months ended September 30:
(in millions)20202019
Medical costs payable, beginning of period$21,690 $19,891 
Acquisitions186 868 
Reported medical costs:
Current year118,114 117,624 
Prior years(800)(460)
Total reported medical costs117,314 117,164 
Medical payments:
Payments for current year
(98,548)(99,487)
Payments for prior years(19,475)(17,497)
Total medical payments(118,023)(116,984)
Medical costs payable, end of period$21,167 $20,939 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, prior years medical cost reserve development was primarily driven by lower than expected health system utilization. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the prior years medical cost reserve development included no individual factors that were significant. Medical costs payable included reserves for claims incurred by insured customers but not yet reported to the Company of $14.7 billion and $13.8 billion at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
11

Table of Contents
5.    Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt
Short-term borrowings and senior unsecured long-term debt consisted of the following:
 September 30, 2020December 31, 2019
(in millions, except percentages)Par ValueCarrying ValueFair ValuePar ValueCarrying ValueFair Value
Commercial paper$ $ $ $400 $400 $400 
2.700% notes due July 2020
   1,500 1,499 1,506 
Floating rate notes due October 2020 300 300 300 300 300 300 
3.875% notes due October 2020
450 450 451 450 450 455 
1.950% notes due October 2020
900 900 901 900 899 900 
4.700% notes due February 2021
400 403 402 400 403 410 
2.125% notes due March 2021
750 749 756 750 749 753 
Floating rate notes due June 2021
350 350 351 350 349 350 
3.150% notes due June 2021
400 400 408 400 399 407 
3.375% notes due November 2021
500 509 513 500 501 512 
2.875% notes due December 2021
750 765 774 750 753 765 
2.875% notes due March 2022
1,100 1,115 1,133 1,100 1,087 1,121 
3.350% notes due July 2022
1,000 998 1,054 1,000 998 1,036 
2.375% notes due October 2022
900 897 937 900 896 911 
0.000% notes due November 2022
15 13 14 15 13 14 
2.750% notes due February 2023
625 646 656 625 624 638 
2.875% notes due March 2023
750 793 794 750 770 770 
3.500% notes due June 2023
750 748 811 750 747 786 
3.500% notes due February 2024
750 746 825 750 746 792 
2.375% notes due August 2024
750 747 799 750 747 760 
3.750% notes due July 2025
2,000 1,992 2,283 2,000 1,990 2,161 
3.700% notes due December 2025
300 298 343 300 298 325 
1.250% notes due January 2026
500 496 513    
3.100% notes due March 2026
1,000 996 1,118 1,000 996 1,048 
3.450% notes due January 2027
750 746 853 750 746 804 
3.375% notes due April 2027
625 620 713 625 620 667 
2.950% notes due October 2027
950 940 1,060 950 939 988 
3.850% notes due June 2028
1,150 1,143 1,357 1,150 1,142 1,269 
3.875% notes due December 2028
850 843 1,010 850 843 941 
2.875% notes due August 2029
1,000 1,104 1,115 1,000 993 1,029 
2.000% notes due May 2030
1,250 1,233 1,310    
4.625% notes due July 2035
1,000 992 1,317 1,000 992 1,215 
5.800% notes due March 2036
850 839 1,231 850 838 1,129 
6.500% notes due June 2037
500 492 778 500 492 712 
6.625% notes due November 2037
650 641 1,027 650 641 940 
6.875% notes due February 2038
1,100 1,077 1,772 1,100 1,076 1,631 
3.500% notes due August 2039
1,250 1,241 1,436 1,250 1,241 1,313 
2.750% notes due May 2040
1,000 964 1,057    
5.700% notes due October 2040
300 296 438 300 296 396 
5.950% notes due February 2041
350 346 525 350 345 475 
4.625% notes due November 2041
600 589 787 600 589 716 
4.375% notes due March 2042
502 485 639 502 484 580 
3.950% notes due October 2042
625 608 760 625 607 688 
4.250% notes due March 2043
750 735 949 750 735 856 
4.750% notes due July 2045
2,000 1,973 2,730 2,000 1,973 2,463 
4.200% notes due January 2047
750 738 950 750 738 861 
4.250% notes due April 2047
725 717 923 725 717 839 
3.750% notes due October 2047
950 934 1,130 950 934 1,023 
4.250% notes due June 2048
1,350 1,330 1,721 1,350 1,330 1,569 
4.450% notes due December 2048
1,100 1,086 1,457 1,100 1,086 1,316 
3.700% notes due August 2049
1,250 1,235 1,496 1,250 1,235 1,344 
2.900% notes due May 2050
1,250 1,208 1,318    
3.875% notes due August 2059
1,250 1,228 1,529 1,250 1,228 1,350 
3.125% notes due May 2060
1,000 968 1,073    
Total short-term borrowings and long-term debt$42,917 $42,662 $50,597 $39,817 $39,474 $44,234 

12

Table of Contents
The Company’s long-term debt obligations also included $1.1 billion and $1.2 billion of other financing obligations, of which $347 million and $322 million were classified as current as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Commercial Paper and Bank Credit Facilities
Commercial paper consists of short-duration, senior unsecured debt privately placed on a discount basis through broker-dealers.
The Company has $4.4 billion five-year, $4.4 billion three-year and $3.8 billion 364-day revolving bank credit facilities with 25 banks, which mature in December 2024, December 2022 and December 2020, respectively. These facilities provide liquidity support for the Company’s commercial paper program and are available for general corporate purposes. As of September 30, 2020, no amounts had been drawn on any of the bank credit facilities. The annual interest rates, which are variable based on term, are calculated based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a credit spread based on the Company’s senior unsecured credit ratings. If amounts had been drawn on the bank credit facilities as of September 30, 2020, annual interest rates would have ranged from 0.8% to 1%.
Debt Covenants
The Company’s bank credit facilities contain various covenants, including covenants requiring the Company to maintain a defined debt to debt-plus-shareholders’ equity ratio of not more than 60%. The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of September 30, 2020.
6.    Dividends
In June 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors increased the Company’s quarterly cash dividend to shareholders to an annual rate of $5.00 compared to $4.32 per share, which the Company had paid since June 2019. Declaration and payment of future quarterly dividends is at the discretion of the Board and may be adjusted as business needs or market conditions change.
The following table provides details of the Company’s 2020 dividend payments:
Payment DateAmount per ShareTotal Amount Paid
(in millions)
March 24$1.08 $1,024 
June 301.25 1,188 
September 221.25 1,188 
7.    Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Matters
Because of the nature of its businesses, the Company is frequently made party to a variety of legal actions and regulatory inquiries, including class actions and suits brought by members, care providers, consumer advocacy organizations, customers and regulators, relating to the Company’s businesses, including management and administration of health benefit plans and other services. These matters include medical malpractice, employment, intellectual property, antitrust, privacy and contract claims and claims related to health care benefits coverage and other business practices.
The Company records liabilities for its estimates of probable costs resulting from these matters where appropriate. Estimates of costs resulting from legal and regulatory matters involving the Company are inherently difficult to predict, particularly where the matters: involve indeterminate claims for monetary damages or may involve fines, penalties or punitive damages; present novel legal theories or represent a shift in regulatory policy; involve a large number of claimants or regulatory bodies; are in the early stages of the proceedings; or could result in a change in business practices. Accordingly, the Company is often unable to estimate the losses or ranges of losses for those matters where there is a reasonable possibility or it is probable that a loss may be incurred.
Government Investigations, Audits and Reviews
The Company has been involved or is currently involved in various governmental investigations, audits and reviews. These include routine, regular and special investigations, audits and reviews by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), state insurance and health and welfare departments, state attorneys general, the Office of the Inspector General, the Office of Personnel Management, the Office of Civil Rights, the Government Accountability Office, the Federal Trade Commission, U.S. Congressional committees, the U.S. Department of Justice, the SEC, the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, the U.S. Department of Labor, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Defense Contract Audit Agency and other governmental authorities. Similarly, our international businesses are also subject to investigations, audits and reviews by applicable foreign governments, including South American and other non-U.S. governmental authorities. Certain of the Company’s businesses have been reviewed or are currently under review, including
13

Table of Contents
for, among other matters, compliance with coding and other requirements under the Medicare risk-adjustment model. CMS has selected certain of the Company’s local plans for risk adjustment data validation (RADV) audits to validate the coding practices of and supporting documentation maintained by health care providers and such audits may result in retrospective adjustments to payments made to the Company’s health plans.
On February 14, 2017, the Department of Justice (DOJ) announced its decision to pursue certain claims within a lawsuit initially asserted against the Company and filed under seal by a whistleblower in 2011. The whistleblower’s complaint, which was unsealed on February 15, 2017, alleges that the Company made improper risk adjustment submissions and violated the False Claims Act. On February 12, 2018, the court granted in part and denied in part the Company’s motion to dismiss. In May 2018, DOJ moved to dismiss the Company’s counterclaims, which were filed in March 2018, and moved for partial summary judgment. In March 2019, the court denied the government’s motion for partial summary judgment and dismissed the Company’s counterclaims without prejudice. The Company cannot reasonably estimate the outcome that may result from this matter given its procedural status.
8.    Segment Financial Information
The Company’s four reportable segments are UnitedHealthcare, OptumHealth, OptumInsight and OptumRx. For more information on the Company’s segments see Part I, Item I, “Business” and Note 14 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in the 2019 10-K.
The following tables present reportable segment financial information:
  Optum  
(in millions)UnitedHealthcareOptumHealthOptumInsightOptumRxOptum EliminationsOptumCorporate and
Eliminations
Consolidated
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$48,121 $2,742 $ $ $ $2,742 $ $50,863 
Products 10 34 8,733  8,777  8,777 
Services2,075 1,834 974 241  3,049  5,124 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers
50,196 4,586 1,008 8,974  14,568  64,764 
Total revenues - affiliated customers
 5,748 1,755 13,102 (424)20,181 (20,181) 
Investment and other income
177 165 4 5  174  351 
Total revenues$50,373 $10,499 $2,767 $22,081 $(424)$34,923 $(20,181)$65,115 
Earnings from operations$2,068 $835 $785 $963 $ $2,583 $ $4,651 
Interest expense      (395)(395)
Earnings before income taxes
$2,068 $835 $785 $963 $ $2,583 $(395)$4,256 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$45,557 $1,840 $ $ $ $1,840 $ $47,397 
Products 6 29 7,511  7,546  7,546 
Services2,274 1,487 988 193  2,668  4,942 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers
47,831 3,333 1,017 7,704  12,054  59,885 
Total revenues - affiliated customers
 4,630 1,594 10,734 (441)16,517 (16,517) 
Investment and other income
274 170 6 16  192  466 
Total revenues$48,105 $8,133 $2,617 $18,454 $(441)$28,763 $(16,517)$60,351 
Earnings from operations$2,655 $748 $632 $979 $ $2,359 $ $5,014 
Interest expense      (449)(449)
Earnings before income taxes
$2,655 $748 $632 $979 $ $2,359 $(449)$4,565 
14

Table of Contents
Optum
(in millions)UnitedHealthcareOptumHealthOptumInsightOptumRxOptum EliminationsOptumCorporate and EliminationsConsolidated
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$143,753 $7,144 $ $ $ $7,144 $ $150,897 
Products 26 90 25,339  25,455  25,455 
Services6,248 4,607 2,629 781  8,017  14,265 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers150,001 11,777 2,719 26,120  40,616  190,617 
Total revenues - affiliated customers 16,623 5,140 38,843 (1,275)59,331 (59,331) 
Investment and other income547 430 34 46  510  1,057 
Total revenues$150,548 $28,830 $7,893 $65,009 $(1,275)$100,457 $(59,331)$191,674 
Earnings from operations$11,963 $2,388 $1,882 $2,655 $ $6,925 $ $18,888 
Interest expense      (1,262)(1,262)
Earnings before income taxes$11,963 $2,388 $1,882 $2,655 $ $6,925 $(1,262)$17,626 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$138,088 $3,986 $ $ $ $3,986 $ $142,074 
Products 23 74 23,874  23,971  23,971 
Services6,603 4,131 2,532 490  7,153  13,756 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers144,691 8,140 2,606 24,364  35,110  179,801 
Total revenues - affiliated customers 13,366 4,522 30,786 (1,181)47,493 (47,493) 
Investment and other income904 488 17 44  549  1,453 
Total revenues$145,595 $21,994 $7,145 $55,194 $(1,181)$83,152 $(47,493)$181,254 
Earnings from operations$8,251 $2,062 $1,589 $2,688 $ $6,339 $ $14,590 
Interest expense      (1,267)(1,267)
Earnings before income taxes$8,251 $2,062 $1,589 $2,688 $ $6,339 $(1,267)$13,323 
15

Table of Contents
ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read together with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes and with our 2019 10-K, including the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in that report. Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to the terms “UnitedHealth Group,” “we,” “our” or “us” used throughout this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations refer to UnitedHealth Group Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Readers are cautioned that the statements, estimates, projections or outlook contained in this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, including discussions regarding financial prospects, economic conditions, trends and uncertainties contained in this Item 2, may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (PSLRA). These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the results discussed or implied in the forward-looking statements. A description of some of the risks and uncertainties is set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our 2019 10-K and in the discussion below.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
General
UnitedHealth Group is a diversified health care company dedicated to helping people live healthier lives and helping make the health system work better for everyone. Through our diversified family of businesses, we leverage core competencies in data and health information; advanced technology; and clinical expertise, focused on improving health outcomes, lowering health care costs and creating a better experience for patients, their caregivers and physicians. These core competencies are deployed within our two distinct, but strategically aligned, business platforms: health benefits operating under UnitedHealthcare and health services operating under Optum.
Further information on our business is presented in Part I, Item 1, “Business” and Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2019 10-K and additional information on our segments can be found in this Item 2 and in Note 8 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.
COVID-19 Trends and Uncertainties
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve and the ultimate impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows remains uncertain and difficult to predict. During the second quarter, the global health system experienced unprecedented levels of care deferral, which impacted all of our businesses. As the pandemic advanced, access to and demand for care was most constrained from mid-March through April, began to recover in May and June and restored to near normal seasonal levels in the third quarter. The temporary deferral of care may cause care patterns to moderately exceed normal baselines in future periods as utilization of health system capacity continues to increase. From time to time, health system capacity may be subject to possible increased volatility due to the pandemic. Specific trends and uncertainties related to our two business platforms are as follows:
UnitedHealthcare.We have expanded benefit coverage in areas such as COVID-19 care and testing, telemedicine, and pharmacy benefits; provided customers assistance in the form of co-pay waivers and premium forgiveness; offered additional enrollment opportunities to those who previously declined employer-sponsored offerings; extended certain premium payment terms for customers experiencing financial hardship; simplified administrative practices; and accelerated payments to care providers, all with the aim of assisting our customers, providers and members in addressing the COVID-19 crisis. Temporary care deferrals significantly impacted UnitedHealthcare’s results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, contributing to a lower medical care ratio and higher operating earnings than in previous periods. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the impact of temporary care deferrals was more than offset by COVID-19 related care and testing, the significant financial assistance we continued to provide our customers and broader economic impacts. Enrollment in our commercial products declined primarily due to employer actions.
Increased consumer demand for care, potentially even higher acuity care, along with continued COVID-19 care and testing costs are expected to result in increased future medical costs. Disrupted care patterns, as a result of the pandemic, may temporarily affect the ability to obtain complete member health status information, impacting future revenue in businesses that utilize risk adjustment methodologies. The ultimate overall impact is uncertain and dependent on the future pacing and intensity of the pandemic, the duration of policies and initiatives to address COVID-19, and the progress of an uncertain economic recovery.

16

Table of Contents
Optum. The temporary deferral of care also meaningfully impacted the Optum businesses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. For example, our fee-for-service care delivery business, such as traditional procedure work at our ambulatory surgery centers, was negatively impacted, while our risk-based care delivery business performance reflected lower demand for care. Our OptumInsight and OptumRx volume-based businesses were negatively impacted by the lower level of care encounters which took place, as well as by broader economic factors, contributing to lower managed services and prescription volume. As the health system continues to return to normal seasonally adjusted levels of care, we have seen business activity approach more normal levels. COVID-19 will also continue to influence customer and consumer behavior, both during and after the pandemic, which could impact how care is delivered and the manner in which consumers wish to receive their prescription drugs or infusion services. The impact of COVID-19 on our care provider and payer clients could impact the volume and types of services that Optum provides, as well as the pacing of potential new business opportunities. As a result of the dynamic situation and broad-reaching impact to the health system, the ultimate impact of COVID-19 on our Optum businesses is uncertain.
Business Trends
Our businesses participate in the United States, South American and certain other international health markets. Overall spending on health care is impacted by inflation; utilization; medical technology and pharmaceutical advancement; regulatory requirements; demographic trends in the population; and national interest in health and well-being. The rate of market growth may be affected by a variety of factors, including macro-economic conditions, such as the economic impact of COVID-19, and regulatory changes, which could impact our results of operations, including our continued efforts to control health care costs.
Pricing Trends. To price our health care benefit products, we start with our view of expected future costs, including any potential impacts from COVID-19 and the Health Insurance Tax. We frequently evaluate and adjust our approach in each of the local markets we serve, considering all relevant factors, such as product positioning, price competitiveness and environmental, competitive, legislative and regulatory considerations, including minimum medical loss ratio (MLR) thresholds. We will continue seeking to balance growth and profitability across all these dimensions.
The commercial risk market remains highly competitive in both the small group and large group segments. We expect broad-based competition to continue as the industry adapts to individual and employer needs amid reform changes. Pricing for contracts that cover some portion of calendar year 2021 will reflect the permanent repeal of the Health Insurance Tax.
Government programs in the public and senior sector tend to receive lower rates of increase than the commercial market due to governmental budget pressures and lower cost trends.
Medical Cost Trends. Our medical cost trends primarily relate to changes in unit costs, health system utilization and prescription drug costs. COVID-19 care and testing costs and certain of our customer assistance initiatives have also impacted medical cost trends in the current year and may continue in future years. We endeavor to mitigate those increases by engaging physicians and consumers with information and helping them make clinically sound choices, with the objective of helping them achieve high quality, affordable care. The uncertain impact of COVID-19 may impact our ability to estimate medical costs payable, which could result in increased variability to medical cost reserve development in future periods.
Regulatory Trends and Uncertainties
Following is a summary of management’s view of regulatory trends and uncertainties. For additional information regarding regulatory trends and uncertainties, see Part I, Item 1 “Business - Government Regulation,” Part 1, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2019 10-K and “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this report.
Medicare Advantage Rates. Final 2021 Medicare Advantage rates resulted in an increase in industry base rates of approximately 1.7%, short of the industry forward medical cost trend, creating continued pressure in the Medicare Advantage program.
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Tax. After a moratorium in 2019, the industry-wide amount of the Health Insurance Tax for 2020, which is primarily borne by customers, is $15.5 billion, with our portion being approximately $3.0 billion. The return of the tax impacts year-over-year comparability of our financial statements, including revenues, operating costs, medical care ratio (MCR), operating cost ratio, effective tax rate and cash flows from operations. The ACA Tax was permanently repealed by Congress, effective January 1, 2021.
17

Table of Contents

SELECTED OPERATING PERFORMANCE AND OTHER SIGNIFICANT ITEMS
The following summarizes select third quarter 2020 year-over-year operating comparisons to third quarter 2019, which were significantly impacted by the effects of COVID-19 on the health system.
Consolidated revenues grew 8%, UnitedHealthcare revenues grew 5% and Optum revenues grew 21%.
UnitedHealthcare served 635,000 fewer people domestically primarily due to increased unemployment and expected attrition in commercial group benefits.
Consolidated earnings from operations decreased 7%, including a decrease of 22% at UnitedHealthcare primarily due to COVID-19 impacts, partially offset by an increase of 9% at Optum.
Diluted earnings per common share decreased to $3.30.
Cash flows from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were $16.1 billion.
Return on equity was 19.7%.
RESULTS SUMMARY
The following table summarizes our consolidated results of operations and other financial information:
(in millions, except percentages and per share data)Three Months Ended September 30,Increase/(Decrease)Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase/(Decrease)
202020192020 vs. 2019202020192020 vs. 2019
Revenues:
Premiums$50,863 $47,397 $3,466 %$150,897 $142,074 $8,823 %
Products8,777 7,546 1,231 16 25,455 23,971 1,484 
Services5,124 4,942 182 14,265 13,756 509 
Investment and other income
351 466 (115)(25)1,057 1,453 (396)(27)
Total revenues65,115 60,351 4,764 191,674 181,254 10,420 
Operating costs:
Medical costs41,636 39,041 2,595 117,314 117,164 150 — 
Operating costs10,174 8,960 1,214 14 30,190 25,892 4,298 17 
Cost of products sold7,935 6,627 1,308 20 23,123 21,606 1,517 
Depreciation and amortization
719 709 10 2,159 2,002 157 
Total operating costs60,464 55,337 5,127 172,786 166,664 6,122 
Earnings from operations4,651 5,014 (363)(7)18,888 14,590 4,298 29 
Interest expense(395)(449)54 (12)(1,262)(1,267)— 
Earnings before income taxes4,256 4,565 (309)(7)17,626 13,323 4,303 32 
Provision for income taxes(1,000)(936)(64)(4,209)(2,752)(1,457)53 
Net earnings3,256 3,629 (373)(10)13,417 10,571 2,846 27 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
(84)(91)(8)(226)(273)47 (17)
Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders
$3,172 $3,538 $(366)(10)%$13,191 $10,298 $2,893 28 %
Diluted earnings per share attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders
$3.30 $3.67 $(0.37)(10)%$13.73 $10.65 $3.08 29 %
Medical care ratio (a)81.9 %82.4 %(0.5)%77.7 %82.5 %(4.8)%
Operating cost ratio15.6 14.8 0.8 15.8 14.3 1.5 
Operating margin7.1 8.3 (1.2)9.9 8.0 1.9 
Tax rate23.5 20.5 3.0 23.9 20.7 3.2 
Net earnings margin (b)4.9 5.9 (1.0)6.9 5.7 1.2 
Return on equity (c)19.7 %26.2 %(6.5)%28.9 %26.0 %2.9 %
(a)Medical care ratio is calculated as medical costs divided by premium revenue.
(b)Net earnings margin attributable to UnitedHealth Group shareholders.
(c)Return on equity is calculated as annualized net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders divided by average shareholders’ equity. Average shareholders’ equity is calculated using the shareholders’ equity balance at the end of the preceding year and the shareholders’ equity balances at the end of each of the quarters in the year presented.
18

Table of Contents
2020 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS COMPARED TO 2019 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Consolidated Financial Results
Revenue
The increases in revenue were primarily driven by the increase in the number of individuals served through Medicare Advantage and Medicaid; pricing trends; and organic and acquisition growth across the Optum business, primarily due to expansion in pharmacy care services and care delivery. The increases were partially offset by decreased individuals served through our commercial and Global benefits businesses and certain customer assistance programs. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, revenues were also negatively impacted by decreases in our fee-for-service care delivery and other volume-based businesses, primarily as a result of the impacts of COVID-19 on the economy.
Medical Costs and MCR
Medical costs increased as a result of growth in people served through Medicare Advantage and Medicaid, medical cost trends and COVID-19 care and testing costs, partially offset by decreased people served in commercial and Global and modestly lower care patterns. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the MCR decreased primarily due to the temporary deferral of care and the revenue effects of the return of the Health Insurance Tax, partially offset by COVID-19 care and testing costs and customer assistance measures.
Operating Cost Ratio
The operating cost ratio increased primarily due to the impact of the return of the Health Insurance Tax and business mix.
Income Tax Rate
Our effective tax rate increased primarily due to the impact of the return of the nondeductible Health Insurance Tax.

19

Table of Contents
Reportable Segments
See Note 8 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for more information on our segments. We utilize various metrics to evaluate and manage our reportable segments, including individuals served by UnitedHealthcare by major market segment and funding arrangement, people served by OptumHealth and adjusted scripts for OptumRx. These metrics are the main drivers of revenue, earnings and cash flows at each business. The metrics also allow management and investors to evaluate and understand business mix, customer penetration and pricing trends when comparing the metrics to revenue by segment.
The following table presents a summary of the reportable segment financial information:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Increase/(Decrease)Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions, except percentages)202020192020 vs. 2019202020192020 vs. 2019
Revenues
UnitedHealthcare$50,373 $48,105 $2,268 %$150,548 $145,595 $4,953 %
OptumHealth10,499 8,133 2,366 29 28,830 21,994 6,836 31 
OptumInsight2,767 2,617 150 7,893 7,145 748 10 
OptumRx22,081 18,454 3,627 20 65,009 55,194 9,815 18 
Optum eliminations(424)(441)17 (4)(1,275)(1,181)(94)
Optum
34,923 28,763 6,160 21 100,457 83,152 17,305 21 
Eliminations(20,181)(16,517)(3,664)22 (59,331)(47,493)(11,838)25 
Consolidated revenues$65,115 $60,351 $4,764 %$191,674 $181,254 $10,420 %
Earnings from operations
UnitedHealthcare$2,068 $2,655 $(587)(22)%$11,963 $8,251 $3,712 45 %
OptumHealth835 748 87 12 2,388 2,062 326 16 
OptumInsight785 632 153 24 1,882 1,589 293 18 
OptumRx963 979 (16)(2)2,655 2,688 (33)(1)
Optum
2,583 2,359 224 6,925 6,339 586 
Consolidated earnings from operations
$4,651 $5,014 $(363)(7)%$18,888 $14,590 $4,298 29 %
Operating margin
UnitedHealthcare4.1 %5.5 %(1.4)%7.9 %5.7 %2.2 %
OptumHealth8.0 9.2 (1.2)8.3 9.4 (1.1)
OptumInsight28.4 24.1 4.3 23.8 22.2 1.6 
OptumRx4.4 5.3 (0.9)4.1 4.9 (0.8)
Optum
7.4 8.2 (0.8)6.9 7.6 (0.7)
Consolidated operating margin7.1 %8.3 %(1.2)%9.9 %8.0 %1.9 %
UnitedHealthcare
The following table summarizes UnitedHealthcare revenues by business:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Increase/(Decrease)Nine Months Ended September 30,Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions, except percentages)202020192020 vs. 2019202020192020 vs. 2019
UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual
$14,081 $14,291 $(210)(1)%$41,324 $42,407 $(1,083)(3)%
UnitedHealthcare Medicare & Retirement
22,606 20,698 1,908 68,613 62,649 5,964 10 
UnitedHealthcare Community & State
11,820 10,670 1,150 11 34,796 33,038 1,758 
UnitedHealthcare Global1,866 2,446 (580)(24)5,815 7,501 (1,686)(22)
Total UnitedHealthcare revenues$50,373 $48,105 $2,268 %$150,548 $145,595 $4,953 %
20

Table of Contents
The following table summarizes the number of individuals served by our UnitedHealthcare businesses, by major market segment and funding arrangement:
September 30,Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands, except percentages)202020192020 vs. 2019
Commercial:
Risk-based7,950 8,605 (655)(8)%
Fee-based18,400 19,230 (830)(4)
Total commercial26,350 27,835 (1,485)(5)
Medicare Advantage5,670 5,230 440 
Medicaid6,435 5,965 470 
Medicare Supplement (Standardized)4,450 4,510 (60)(1)
Total public and senior16,555 15,705 850 
Total UnitedHealthcare - domestic medical42,905 43,540 (635)(1)
Global5,285 5,845 (560)(10)
Total UnitedHealthcare - medical48,190 49,385 (1,195)(2)%
Supplemental Data:
Medicare Part D stand-alone4,075 4,415 (340)(8)%
Fee-based and risk-based commercial business decreased primarily due to increased unemployment and expected attrition. Medicare Advantage increased due to growth in people served through individual Medicare Advantage plans. The increase in people served through Medicaid was primarily driven by states easing redetermination requirements due to COVID-19 and growth in people served via Dual Special Needs Plans. The decrease in people served by UnitedHealthcare Global is a result of our continued affordability efforts, underwriting discipline and increased unemployment.
UnitedHealthcare’s revenue increased due to growth in the number of individuals served through Medicare Advantage and Medicaid, a greater mix of people with higher acuity needs and the return of the Health Insurance Tax, partially offset by a decrease in the number of individuals served through the commercial and Global businesses and foreign currency impacts. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, earnings from operations decreased due to direct COVID-19 care and testing costs, our customer assistance measures as well as broader economic effects, partially offset by modestly lower care patterns. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, earnings from operations increased due to the deferral of care caused by COVID-19 on the health system and the factors impacting revenue, partially offset by the return of the Health Insurance Tax, COVID-19 care and testing costs, customer assistance programs and broader economic effects.
Optum
Total revenues increased as each segment reported revenue growth. Earnings from operations increased due to growth at OptumHealth and OptumInsight.
The results by segment were as follows:
OptumHealth
Revenue and earnings at OptumHealth increased primarily due to organic growth and acquisitions in risk-based care delivery. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, reduced care volumes in fee-for-service arrangements as a result of COVID-19, partially offset the increases in revenues and earnings. OptumHealth served approximately 98 million people as of September 30, 2020 compared to 95 million people as of September 30, 2019.
OptumInsight
Revenue and earnings from operations at OptumInsight increased primarily due to growth in technology and managed services, partially offset by decreased activity levels in volume-based services due to the impact of COVID-19 on payer and care provider clients.

21

Table of Contents
OptumRx
Revenue at OptumRx and the corresponding eliminations increased due to the inclusion of retail pharmacy co-payments. See Note 1 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for further detail. Revenue at OptumRx also increased due to organic and acquisition growth in specialty pharmacy and new client wins, partially offset by an expected large client transition and lower script volumes driven by COVID-19 related care deferral, primarily related to first fill script volumes. Earnings from operations decreased primarily due to COVID-19 impacts, partially offset by improved supply chain management. OptumRx fulfilled 325 million adjusted scripts in both the third quarters of 2020 and 2019, with growth offset by the large client transition.
LIQUIDITY, FINANCIAL CONDITION AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity
Summary of our Major Sources and Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
 Nine Months Ended September 30,Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions)202020192020 vs. 2019
Sources of cash:
Cash provided by operating activities$16,073 $12,258 $3,815 
Issuances of short-term borrowings and long-term debt, net of repayments
2,941 8,192 (5,251)
Proceeds from common stock issuances1,206 740 466 
Customer funds administered
249 420 (171)
Other— 338 (338)
Total sources of cash20,469 21,948 
Uses of cash:
Common stock repurchases(2,541)(5,101)2,560 
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash assumed
(4,326)(8,200)3,874 
Purchases of investments, net of sales and maturities (1,386)(2,028)642 
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software
(1,477)(1,421)(56)
Cash dividends paid
(3,400)(2,908)(492)
Other(614)(756)142 
Total uses of cash(13,744)(20,414)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
(160)(37)(123)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents$6,565 $1,497 $5,068 
2020 Cash Flows Compared to 2019 Cash Flows
Increased cash flows provided by operating activities were primarily driven by increased net earnings as a result of the temporary deferral of care experienced at our benefits businesses related to COVID-19, partially offset by the payment of the Health Insurance Tax in the third quarter. Other significant changes in sources or uses of cash year-over-year included decreased cash paid for acquisitions, common stock repurchases and net purchases of investments, partially offset by decreased issuances of long-term debt.
Financial Condition
As of September 30, 2020, our cash, cash equivalent, available-for-sale debt securities and equity securities balances of $58.0 billion included approximately $17.6 billion of cash and cash equivalents (of which $2.9 billion was available for general corporate use), $38.3 billion of debt securities and $2.1 billion of investments in equity securities. Given the significant portion of our portfolio held in cash and cash equivalents, we do not anticipate fluctuations in the aggregate fair value of our financial assets to have a material impact on our liquidity or capital position. Our available-for-sale debt portfolio had a weighted-average duration of 3.6 years and a weighted-average credit rating of “Double A” as of September 30, 2020. When multiple credit ratings are available for an individual security, the average of the available ratings is used to determine the weighted-average credit rating.
22

Table of Contents
Capital Resources and Uses of Liquidity
In addition to cash flows from operations and cash and cash equivalent balances available for general corporate use, our capital resources and uses of liquidity are as follows:
Commercial Paper and Bank Credit Facilities. Our revolving bank credit facilities provide liquidity support for our commercial paper borrowing program, which facilitates the private placement of unsecured debt through independent broker-dealers, and are available for general corporate purposes. For more information on our commercial paper and bank credit facilities, see Note 5 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Our revolving bank credit facilities contain various covenants, including covenants requiring us to maintain a defined debt to debt-plus-shareholders’ equity ratio of not more than 60%. As of September 30, 2020, our debt to debt-plus-shareholders’ equity ratio, as defined and calculated under the credit facilities, was approximately 38%.
Long-Term Debt. Periodically, we access capital markets and issue long-term debt for general corporate purposes, such as, to meet our working capital requirements, to refinance debt, to finance acquisitions or for share repurchases. For more information on our long-term debt, see Note 5 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Credit Ratings. Our credit ratings as of September 30, 2020 were as follows:
  
Moody’sS&P GlobalFitchA.M. Best
 RatingsOutlookRatingsOutlookRatingsOutlookRatingsOutlook
Senior unsecured debt
A3StableA+StableAStableA-Positive
Commercial paperP-2n/aA-1n/aF1n/aAMB-1n/a
The availability of financing in the form of debt or equity is influenced by many factors, including our profitability, operating cash flows, debt levels, credit ratings, debt covenants and other contractual restrictions, regulatory requirements and economic and market conditions, including the impacts of COVID-19 and related governmental market stabilization programs. A significant downgrade in our credit ratings or adverse conditions in the capital markets may increase the cost of borrowing for us or limit our access to capital.
Share Repurchase Program. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we repurchased 9 million shares at an average price of $281.37 per share. As of September 30, 2020, we had Board authorization to purchase up to 63 million shares of our common stock.
Dividends. In June 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors increased the Company’s quarterly cash dividend to shareholders to an annual rate of $5.00 compared to $4.32 per share. For more information on our dividend, see Note 6 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this report.
For additional liquidity discussion, see Note 10 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 in our 2019 10-K.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
A summary of future obligations under our various contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2019 was disclosed in our 2019 10-K. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, there were no material changes to this previously disclosed information outside the ordinary course of business. However, we continually evaluate opportunities to expand our operations, including through internal development of new products, programs and technology applications and acquisitions.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
See Note 1 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report for a discussion of new accounting pronouncements that affect us.

23

Table of Contents
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
In preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we are required to make judgments, assumptions and estimates, which we believe are reasonable and prudent based on the available facts and circumstances. These judgments, assumptions and estimates affect certain of our revenues and expenses and their related balance sheet accounts and disclosure of our contingent liabilities. We base our assumptions and estimates primarily on historical experience and consider known and projected trends. On an ongoing basis, we re-evaluate our selection of assumptions and the method of calculating our estimates. Actual results, however, may materially differ from our calculated estimates, and this difference would be reported in our current operations.
Our critical accounting estimates include medical costs payable and goodwill. For a detailed description of our critical accounting estimates, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 in our 2019 10-K. For a detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in our 2019 10-K.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The statements, estimates, projections, guidance or outlook contained in this document include “forward-looking” statements which are intended to take advantage of the “safe harbor” provisions of the federal securities law. The words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “forecast,” “outlook,” “plan,” “project,” “should” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. These statements may contain information about financial prospects, economic conditions and trends and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those that management expects, depending on the outcome of certain factors including: risks associated with public health crises, large-scale medical emergencies and pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic; our ability to effectively estimate, price for and manage medical costs; new or changes in existing health care laws or regulations, or their enforcement or application; the DOJ’s legal action relating to the risk adjustment submission matter; our ability to maintain and achieve improvement in quality scores impacting revenue; reductions in revenue or delays to cash flows received under government programs; changes in Medicare, the CMS star ratings program or the application of risk adjustment data validation audits; failure to maintain effective and efficient information systems or if our technology products do not operate as intended; cyber-attacks, other privacy/data security incidents, or our failure to comply with related regulations; risks and uncertainties associated with the pharmacy benefits management industry; competitive pressures; changes in or challenges to our public sector contract awards; our ability to contract on competitive terms with physicians, hospitals and other service providers; failure to achieve targeted operating cost productivity improvements; increases in costs and other liabilities associated with litigation, government investigations, audits or reviews; failure to manage successfully our strategic alliances or complete or receive anticipated benefits of strategic transactions; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; downgrades in our credit ratings; our investment portfolio performance; impairment of our goodwill and intangible assets; and our ability to obtain sufficient funds from our regulated subsidiaries or from external financings to fund our obligations, maintain our debt to total capital ratio at targeted levels, maintain our quarterly dividend payment cycle, or continue repurchasing shares of our common stock. This above list is not exhaustive. We discuss these matters, and certain risks that may affect our business operations, financial condition and results of operations more fully in our filings with the SEC, including our reports on Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K. By their nature, forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance or results and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict or quantify. Actual results may vary materially from expectations expressed or implied in this document or any of our prior communications. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. We do not undertake to update or revise any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.
24

Table of Contents

ITEM 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We manage exposure to market interest rates by diversifying investments across different fixed-income market sectors and debt across maturities, as well as by endeavoring to match our floating-rate assets and liabilities over time, either directly or through the use of interest rate swap contracts. Unrealized gains and losses on investments in available-for-sale debt securities are reported in comprehensive income.
The following table summarizes the impact of hypothetical changes in market interest rates across the entire yield curve by 1% point or 2% points as of September 30, 2020 on our investment income and interest expense per annum, and the fair value of our investments and debt (in millions, except percentages):
September 30, 2020
Increase (Decrease) in Market Interest RateInvestment
Income Per
Annum (a)
Interest
Expense Per
Annum (a)
Fair Value of
Financial Assets (b)
Fair Value of
Financial Liabilities
2 %$412 $176 $(2,847)$(8,464)
1206 88 (1,412)(4,609)
(1)(62)(13)636 4,792 
(2)(62)(13)675 6,424 
(a)Given the low absolute level of short-term market rates on our floating-rate assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2020, the assumed hypothetical change in interest rates does not reflect the full 100 and 200 basis point reduction in interest income or interest expense, as the rates are assumed not to fall below zero.
(b)As of September 30, 2020, some of our investments had interest rates below 1% so the assumed hypothetical change in the fair value of investments does not reflect the full 100 and 200 basis point reduction.
ITEM 4.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms; and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
In connection with the filing of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, management evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2020. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2020.
CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
A description of our legal proceedings is included in and incorporated by reference to Note 7 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this report.
25

Table of Contents

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our 2019 10-K and Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020 (“2020 First Quarter 10-Q”), which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our 2019 10-K and 2020 First Quarter 10-Q, are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results.
There have been no other material changes to the risk factors as disclosed in our 2019 10-K and 2020 First Quarter 10-Q.
ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALE OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
In November 1997, our Board of Directors adopted a share repurchase program, which the Board evaluates periodically. There is no established expiration date for the program. During the third quarter 2020, we repurchased approximately 3 million shares at an average price of $303.76 per share. As of September 30, 2020, we had Board authorization to purchase up to 63 million shares of our common stock.
26

Table of Contents
ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS*
The following exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference herein in response to Item 601 of Regulation S-K. The Company files Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 under Commission File No. 1-10864.
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and embedded within Exhibit 101).
 ________________
*Pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K, copies of instruments defining the rights of certain holders of long-term debt are not filed. The Company will furnish copies thereof to the SEC upon request.
27

Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
UNITEDHEALTH GROUP INCORPORATED
 
/s/ DAVID S. WICHMANN
Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)
Dated:November 2, 2020
David S. Wichmann  
/s/ JOHN F. REX
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer)
Dated:November 2, 2020
John F. Rex  
/s/ THOMAS E. ROOS
Senior Vice President and
Chief Accounting Officer
(principal accounting officer)
Dated:November 2, 2020
Thomas E. Roos  
28