UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2020

 

OR

 

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from ______________ to _______________

 

Commission File Number 1-11388

 

VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware	04-3153858
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

 345 Inverness Drive South

Building B, Suite 250

Englewood, CO 80112

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

 

(720) 696-8100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)     

  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	VIVE	Nasdaq Capital Market

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” and “large accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer ☐		Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒		Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐  No ☒

 

As of August 12, 2020, the issuer had 15,734,058 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.

 

 

 

 

		June 30,				December 31,
		2020				2019
ASSETS						(1)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	8,500			$	13,308
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $463 and $407 as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively			1,017				1,573
Inventory			4,917				4,861
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			1,921				2,447
Total current assets			16,355				22,189
Property and equipment, net			2,853				3,046
Investment in limited liability company			948				1,216
Other assets			376				526
Total assets		$	20,532			$	26,977
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		$	1,257			$	1,608
Accrued liabilities			2,835				4,698
Paycheck Protection Program loan, current portion			559				-
Total current liabilities			4,651				6,306
Note payable, noncurrent portion			4,241				3,983
Paycheck Protection Program loan, noncurrent portion			784				-
Other noncurrent liabilities			229				167
Total liabilities			9,905				10,456
Commitments and contingences (Note 9)
Stockholders’ equity:
Convertible preferred stock; 10,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019;
Series A preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 0 and 1,852,173 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively			-				-
Series B preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 33,685 and 31,678 shares and outstanding as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively			-				-
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019; 15,734,058 and 7,075,684 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively			2				1
Additional paid-in capital			221,961				214,431
Accumulated deficit			(211,336	)			(197,911	)
Total stockholders’ equity			10,627				16,521
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	20,532			$	26,977

 

		Three Months Ended								Six Months Ended
		June 30,								June 30,
		2020				2019				2020				2019
Revenue		$	704			$	1,052			$	2,008			$	4,064
Cost of revenue			1,071				941				2,200				2,882
Gross profit (loss)			(367	)			111				(192	)			1,182
Operating expenses:
Research and development			1,224				2,902				2,862				5,382
Selling, general and administrative			3,350				5,530				7,715				12,156
Restructuring costs			-				-				-				742
Total operating expenses			4,574				8,432				10,577				18,280
Loss from operations			(4,941	)			(8,321	)			(10,769	)			(17,098	)
Modification of Series A and B warrants			(1,838	)			-				(1,838	)			-
Interest expense, net			(223	)			(1,194	)			(433	)			(2,310	)
Other expense, net			(27	)			(71	)			(117	)			(82	)
Net loss from consolidated companies			(7,029	)			(9,586	)			(13,157	)			(19,490	)
Loss from minority interest in limited liability company			(86	)			(138	)			(268	)			(263	)
Comprehensive and net loss			(7,115	)			(9,724	)			(13,425	)			(19,753	)
Series B convertible preferred stock dividends			(1,021	)			-				(2,011	)			-
Net loss attributable to common stockholders		$	(8,136	)		$	(9,724	)		$	(15,436	)		$	(19,753	)
Net loss per share of common stock:
Basic and diluted		$	(0.57	)		$	(20.93	)		$	(1.34	)		$	(42.54	)
Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per common share:
Basic and diluted			14,186,199				464,638				11,558,472				464,321

 

		Series A Convertible								Series B Convertible
		Preferred Stock,								Preferred Stock,								Common Stock,								Additional								Total
		$0.0001 par value								$0.0001 par value								$0.0001 par value								Paid-In				Accumulated				Stockholders’
		Shares				Amount				Shares				Amount				Shares				Amount				Capital				Deficit				Equity
Balances as of January 1, 2020			1,852,173			$	-				31,678			$	-				7,075,684			$	1			$	214,431			$	(197,911	)		$	16,521
Issuance costs in connection with November 2019 Offering			-				-				-				-				-				-				(30	)			-				(30	)
Conversion of Series A convertible preferred stock into common stock			(1,852,173	)			-				-				-				1,852,173				-				-				-				-
Issuance of common shares in connection with Series A warrant exercises			-				-				-				-				1,026,240				-				1,591				-				1,591
Issuance of common shares in connection with Series B warrant exercises			-				-				-				-				45,473				-				70				-				70
Series B convertible preferred stock dividends			-				-				-				-				-				-				(990	)			-				(990	)
Series B convertible preferred stock dividends paid in PIK shares			-				-				989				-				-				-				989				-				989
Stock-based compensation expense			-				-				-				-				-				-				686				-				686
Issuance of common shares from employee stock purchase plan			-				-				-				-				320				-				-				-				-
Issuance of restricted common shares in connection with consulting agreement			-				-				-				-				28,313				-				24				-				24
Net loss			-				-				-				-				-				-				-				(6,310	)			(6,310	)
Balances as of March 31, 2020			-				-				32,667				-				10,028,203				1				216,771				(204,221	)			12,551
Issuance costs in connection with November 2019 Offering			-				-				-				-				-				-				(3	)			-				(3	)
Issuance of common shares in connection with Series A warrant exercises			-				-				-				-				4,852,284				1				2,959				-				2,960
Issuance of common shares in connection with Series B warrant exercises			-				-				-				-				293,490				-				179				-				179
Modification of Series A warrants in connection with 2020 Warrant Offering			-				-				-				-				-				-				997				-				997
Modification of Series B warrants in connection with 2020 Warrant Offering			-				-				-				-				-				-				841				-				841
Issuance of Series A-2 and B-2 warrants in connection with 2020 Warrant Offering			-				-				-				-				-				-				1,838				-				1,838
Issuance costs for Series A-2 and B-2 warrants in connection with 2020 Warrant Offering			-				-				-				-				-				-				(1,838	)			-				(1,838	)
Transaction costs in connection with 2020 Warrant Offering			-				-				-				-				-				-				(326	)			-				(326	)
Issuance of initial purchase common shares under the Purchase Agreement with LPC			-				-				-				-				525,000				-				341				-				341
Issuance costs in connection with Purchase Agreement with LPC			-				-				-				-				-				-				(452	)			-				(452	)
Series B convertible preferred stock dividends			-				-				-				-				-				-				(1,021	)			-				(1,021	)
Series B convertible preferred stock dividends paid in PIK shares			-				-				1,018				-				-				-				1,018				-				1,018
Stock-based compensation expense			-				-				-				-				-				-				632				-				632
Issuance of common shares from employee stock purchase plan			-				-				-				-				300				-				-				-				-
Issuance of common shares for vesting of restricted stock award granted to consultant			-				-				-				-				250				-				-				-				-
Issuance of restricted common shares in connection with consulting agreement			-				-				-				-				34,531				-				25				-				25
Net loss			-				-				-				-				-				-				-				(7,115	)			(7,115	)
Balances as of June 30, 2020			-			$	-				33,685			$	-				15,734,058			$	2				221,961			$	(211,336	)		$	10,627

		Series A Convertible								Series B Convertible
		Preferred Stock,								Preferred Stock,								Common Stock,								Additional								Total
		$0.0001 par value								$0.0001 par value								$0.0001 par value								Paid-In				Accumulated				Stockholders’
		Shares				Amount				Shares				Amount				Shares				Amount				Capital				Deficit				Equity (Deficit)
Balances as of January 1, 2019			-			$	-				-			$	-				463,630			$	-			$	160,297			$	(155,385	)		$	4,912
Stock-based compensation expense			-				-				-				-				-				-				470				-				470
Issuance of common shares from employee stock purchase plan			-				-				-				-				429				-				35				-				35
Issuance of restricted common shares in connection with consulting agreement			-				-				-				-				274				-				25				-				25
Issuance of common shares in connection with restricted stock award to employee			-				-				-				-				6				-				1				-				1
Net loss			-				-				-				-				-				-				-				(10,029	)			(10,029	)
Balances as of March 31, 2019			-				-				-				-				464,339				-				160,828				(165,414	)			(4,586	)
Stock-based compensation expense			-				-				-				-				-				-				562				-				562
Issuance of common shares from employee stock purchase plan			-				-				-				-				602				-				20				-				20
Restricted stock awards issued to directors for quarterly compensation			-				-				-				-				525				-				48				-				48
Issuance of common shares for vesting of restricted stock award granted to consultant			-				-				-				-				250				-				11				-				11
Issuance of common shares in connection with restricted stock award to employee			-				-				-				-				6				-				-				-				-
Net loss			-				-				-				-				-				-				-				(9,724,000	)			(9,724	)
Balances as of June 30, 2019			-			$	-				-			$	-				465,722			$	-			$	161,469			$	(175,138	)		$	(13,669	)

 

		Six Months Ended
		June 30,
		2020				2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss		$	(13,425	)		$	(19,753	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Provision for doubtful accounts and write off of accounts receivable			229				185
Depreciation and amortization			651				547
Stock-based compensation			1,367				1,117
Non-cash interest expense			258				843
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets and accretion of operating lease liabilities			5				5
Loss from minority interest in limited liability company			268				263
Loss on disposal of property and equipment			-				65
Modification of Series A and B warrants			1,838				-
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable			327				1,963
Inventory			(222	)			(299	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			526				(210	)
Other noncurrent assets			417				40
Accounts payable			(351	)			(2,388	)
Accrued and other liabilities			(2,132	)			(1,736	)
Other noncurrent liabilities			55				104
Net cash used in operating activities			(10,189	)			(19,254	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment			(292	)			(718	)
Net cash used in investing activities			(292	)			(718	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Transaction costs in connection with November 2019 Offering			(33	)			-
Proceeds from exercise of Series A and B common warrants			4,800				-
Transaction costs in connection with 2020 Warrant Offering			(326	)			-
Proceeds from Paycheck Protection Program loan			1,343				-
Proceeds from intial purchase of common shares under Purchase Agreement with LPC			341				-
Transaction costs in connection with Purchase Agreement with LPC			(452	)			-
Proceeds from issuance of common shares from employee stock purchase plan			-				55
Transaction costs in connection with note payable			-				(100	)
Net cash provided by financing activities			5,673				(45	)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents			(4,808	)			(20,017	)
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period			13,308				29,523
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period		$	8,500			$	9,506
Supplemental disclosure:
Cash paid for interest		$	-			$	1,364
Cash paid for income taxes		$	-			$	-
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information as of end of period:
Issuance of Series B convertible preferred stock in settlement of dividends		$	2,007			$	-
Issuance of note payable in settlement of accrued interest		$	256
Net transfer of equipment between inventory and property and equipment		$	166			$	(296	)
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
Operating cash outflows from operating leases		$	150			$	73
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities (upon adoption of ASC 842)						$	629

 

1.	The Company and Basis of Presentation

 

Viveve Medical, Inc. (“Viveve Medical”, the “Company”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) designs, develops, manufactures and markets a platform medical technology, which we refer to as Cryogen-cooled Monopolar RadioFrequency, or CMRF. Our proprietary CMRF technology is delivered through a radiofrequency generator, handpiece and treatment tip, which collectively, we refer to as the Viveve® System. Viveve Medical competes in the women’s intimate health industry in some countries by marketing the Viveve System as a way to improve the overall well-being and quality of life of women suffering from vaginal introital laxity, for improved sexual function, or stress urinary incontinence, depending on the relevant country-specific clearance or approval.  In the United States, the Viveve System is currently indicated for use in general surgical procedures for electrocoagulation and hemostasis.

 

Purchase Agreement with Lincoln Park Capital, LLC

 

On June 8, 2020, the Company entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“LPC”), pursuant to which the Company has the right to sell to LPC, and LPC has committed to purchase from us, from time to time, up to $10,000,000 of our common stock, subject to certain limitations, during the 30 months term of the Purchase Agreement.

 

On June 9, 2020, LPC purchased 525,000 shares of common stock at a price per share of $0.65 (the “Initial Purchase Shares”) under the Purchase Agreement. Thereafter, under the Purchase Agreement, on any business day selected by us, the Company may direct LPC to purchase up to 250,000 shares (and in certain circumstances up to 500,000 shares) of our common stock. (See Note 11 – Common Stock.) LPC has no right to require the Company to sell any shares of common stock to LPC, but LPC is obligated to make purchases as the Company directs, subject to certain conditions. The purchase price per share for each such Regular Purchase will be based off of prevailing market prices of our common stock immediately preceding the time of sale without any fixed discount.

 

Other than as described above and Note 11 – Common Stock, there are no trading volume requirements or restrictions under the Purchase Agreement, and the Company will control the timing and amount of any sales of our common stock to LPC.

 

2020 Warrant Offering

 

On April 15, 2020, the Company reduced the exercise price of the outstanding Series A warrants and Series B warrants from $1.55 per share to $0.61 per share. On April 16, 2020, the Company entered into inducement letter agreements with certain institutional and accredited holders of Series A warrants and Series B warrants pursuant to which such holders agreed to exercise Series A warrants to purchase 4,820,584 shares of common stock and Series B warrants to purchase 242,790 shares of common stock for aggregate exercise proceeds to the Company of approximately $3,089,000. In conjunction, the Company also agreed to issue new Series A-2 warrants to purchase up to 4,820,584 shares of common stock as an inducement for the exercise of Series A warrants, and new Series B-2 warrants to purchase up to 242,790 shares of common stock as an inducement for the exercise of Series B warrants, in each case at an exercise price of $0.6371 per share and for a term of five years. The transaction closed on April 20, 2020. Transaction costs in connection with the 2020 Warrant Offering were approximately $326,000. (See Note 11 - Common Stock for the calculation of the modification expense for the Series A and B warrants and the issuance of Series A-2 and B-2 warrants.)

 

2019 Public Offering and CRG Debt Conversion

 

In November 2019, the Company closed an underwritten public offering of units (the “November 2019 Offering”) for gross proceeds of approximately $11,500,000, which included the full exercise of the underwriter’s overallotment option to purchase additional shares and warrants. The net proceeds to the Company, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses and payable by the Company, were approximately $9,922,000.   

 

A total of 1,945,943 shares of common stock, 5,473,410 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock, Series A warrants to purchase up to 7,419,353 shares of common stock, and Series B warrants to purchase up to 7,419,353 shares of common stock were issued in the offering, including the full exercise of the over-allotment option. As of June 30, 2020, all Series A convertible preferred stock had been converted into common stock and there are no remaining shares of Series A preferred stock outstanding. As of June 30, 2020, there are Series A warrants to purchase a total of 1,540,829 shares of common stock and Series B warrants to purchase a total of 7,080,390 shares of common stock still remaining and outstanding. (See Note 10 – Preferred Stock; and Note 11 – Common Stock.)

 

 

In connection with the closing of the November 2019 Offering, the Company’s secured lender, affiliates of CRG LP (“CRG”), converted approximately $28,981,000 of the outstanding principal amount under its term loan with CRG (plus accrued interest, the prepayment premium and the back-end facility fee applicable thereto), for an aggregate amount of converted debt obligations of approximately $31,300,000, into 31,300 shares of the newly authorized Series B convertible preferred stock and issued warrants to purchase up to 9,893,776 shares of common stock (see Note 6 – Note Payable).  

 

Interim Unaudited Financial Information

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Viveve Medical have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements have been included. 

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 19, 2020. The results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2020 or any future interim period.

    

Liquidity and Management Plans

 

The Company has adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern, which requires that management evaluate whether there are relevant conditions and events that, in the aggregate, raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued.

  

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. However, since inception, the Company has sustained significant operating losses and such losses are expected to continue for the foreseeable future. As of June 30, 2020, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $211,336,000, cash and cash equivalents of $8,500,000 and working capital of $11,704,000. Additionally, the Company used $10,189,000 in cash for operations in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The Company will require additional cash funding to fund operations through August 2021. Accordingly, management has concluded that the Company does not have sufficient funds to support operations within one year after the date the financial statements are issued and, therefore, the Company concluded there was substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

To fund further operations, the Company will need to raise additional capital. The Company may obtain additional financing in the future through the issuance of its common stock, or through other equity or debt financings. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern or meet the minimum liquidity requirements in the future is dependent on its ability to raise significant additional capital, of which there can be no assurance. If the necessary financing is not obtained or achieved, the Company will likely be required to reduce its planned expenditures, which could have an adverse impact on the results of operations, financial condition and the Company’s ability to achieve its strategic objective. There can be no assurance that financing will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. The financial statements contain no adjustments for the outcome of these uncertainties. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern and have a material adverse effect on the Company’s future financial results, financial position and cash flows.  

  

 

2.	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Financial Statement Presentation

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Viveve, Inc. and Viveve BV. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

 

Reverse Stock Split

 

The Company effected a 1-for-100 reverse stock split of its common stock that became effective after market close on September 18, 2019. The reverse stock split uniformly affected all issued and outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock. The reverse stock split did not alter any stockholder's percentage ownership interest in the Company, except to the extent that the reverse stock split resulted in fractional shares. No fractional shares were issued in connection with the reverse stock split. Any fractional shares that resulted from the reverse stock split were rounded down, and stockholders were issued cash in lieu of such fractional share interest of approximately $6,000.

 

The par value of the Company’s common stock remained unchanged at $0.0001 per share after the reverse stock split.

 

The number of authorized shares of common stock remained at 75,000,000.

 

The reverse stock split proportionately affected the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the Company’s equity incentive plans. All stock options, warrants and restricted stock awards of the Company outstanding shares immediately prior to the reverse stock split were adjusted in accordance with their terms. 

 

On the effective date of the reverse stock split, (i) each 100 shares of outstanding common stock were reduced to one share of common stock; (ii) the number of shares of common stock into which each outstanding stock option or warrant to purchase common stock is exercisable were proportionately reduced on an 100-to-1 basis; (iii) the exercise price of each outstanding stock option or warrant to purchase common stock were proportionately increased on a 1-to-100 basis; and (iv) the number of shares of common stock each outstanding restricted stock award will be issued upon vesting were proportionally reduced on a 100-to-1 basis.

 

All of the share numbers, share prices, and exercise prices have been adjusted, on a retroactive basis, to reflect this 1-for-100 reverse stock split.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. In addition, any change in these estimates or their related assumptions could have an adverse effect on our operating results. 

   

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less, at the time of purchase, to be cash equivalents. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are deposited in demand accounts primarily at one financial institution. Deposits in this institution may, from time to time, exceed the federally insured amounts.

 

Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

 

To achieve profitable operations, the Company must successfully develop, manufacture, and market its products. There can be no assurance that any such products can be developed or manufactured at an acceptable cost and with appropriate performance characteristics, or that such products will be successfully marketed. These factors could have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s financial results, financial position, and future cash flows.

 

Most of the Company’s products to date require clearance or approvals from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or other international regulatory agencies prior to commencing commercial sales. There can be no assurance that the Company’s products will receive any of these required clearances or approvals or for the indications requested. If the Company was denied such clearances or approvals or if such clearances or approvals were delayed, it would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial results, financial position and future cash flows.

 

The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the medical device industry including, but not limited to, new technological innovations, dependence on key personnel, protection of proprietary technology, compliance with government regulations, uncertainty of market acceptance of products, product liability, and the need to obtain additional financing. The Company’s ultimate success is dependent upon its ability to raise additional capital and to successfully develop and market its products. 

  

 

The Company designs, develops, manufactures and markets a medical device that it refers to as the Viveve System, which is intended for the non-invasive treatment of vaginal introital laxity, for improved sexual function, for vaginal rejuvenation, for use in general surgical procedures for electrocoagulation and hemostasis, and stress urinary incontinence, depending on the relevant country-specific clearance or approval. The Viveve System consists of three main components: a radiofrequency generator housed in a table-top console, a reusable handpiece and a single-use treatment tip. Included with the system are single-use accessories (e.g. return pad, coupling fluid), as well as a cryogen canister that can be used for approximately four to five procedures, and a foot pedal. The Company outsources the manufacture and repair of the Viveve System to a single contract manufacturer. Also, certain other components and materials that comprise the device are currently manufactured by a single supplier or a limited number of suppliers. A significant supply interruption or disruption in the operations of the contract manufacturer or these third-party suppliers would adversely impact the production of our products for a substantial period of time, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.

 

In North America, the Company sells its products primarily through a direct sales force to health care practitioners. Outside North America, the Company sells through an extensive network of distribution partners. During the three months ended June 30, 2020, three distributors, collectively, accounted for 74% of the Company’s revenue. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, three distributors, collectively, accounted for 55% of the Company’s revenue. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, one distributor accounted for 49% of the Company’s revenue. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, two distributors, collectively, accounted for 32% of the Company’s revenue.

 

There were no direct sales customers that accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.

  

As of June 30, 2020, one distributor accounted for 21% of total accounts receivable, net. As of December 31, 2019, two distributors, collectively, accounted for 49% of total accounts receivable, net.

 

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and are not interest bearing. Our typical payment terms vary by region and type of customer (distributor or physician). Occasionally, payment terms of up to six months may be granted to customers with an established history of collections without concessions. Should we grant payment terms greater than six months or terms that are not in accordance with established history for similar arrangements, revenue would be recognized as payments become due and payable assuming all other criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company makes ongoing assumptions relating to the collectability of its accounts receivable in its calculation of the allowance for doubtful accounts. In determining the amount of the allowance, the Company makes judgments about the creditworthiness of customers based on ongoing credit evaluations and assesses current economic trends affecting its customers that might impact the level of credit losses in the future and result in different rates of bad debts than previously seen. The Company also considers its historical level of credit losses. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $463,000 as of June 30, 2020 and $407,000 as of December 31, 2019.

 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company wrote-off accounts receivable totaling approximately $173,000 primarily related to Latin America distributors in connection with the Company’s shift in its international business model and the withdrawal from certain countries in Latin America. There were no write-offs of customers’ accounts receivable during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.

 

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

 

Revenue consists primarily of the sale of the Viveve System, single-use treatment tips and ancillary consumables. The Company applies the following five steps: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when a performance obligation is satisfied. The Company considers customer purchase orders to be the contracts with a customer. Revenues, net of expected discounts, are recognized when the performance obligations of the contract with the customer are satisfied and when control of the promised goods are transferred to the customer, typically when products, which have been determined to be the only distinct performance obligations, are shipped to the customer. Expected costs of assurance warranties and claims are recognized as expense. Revenue is recognized net of any sales taxes from the sale of the products.

 

 

Rental revenue is generated through the lease of the Viveve System. The Company’s operating leases for the Viveve System generally have a rental period of six to nine months and can be extended or terminated by the customer after that time or the Viveve System can be purchased by the customer. Rental revenue on those operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the underlying leases. The Company began this rental program in the quarter ended June 30, 2019 and the revenue associated with it has not been material to the periods presented. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had deferred revenue in the amounts of $804,000 and $662,000, respectively, related to its rental program, which is included in accrued liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized revenue of $6,000 and $303,000, respectively, which was deferred revenue as of December 31, 2019.

 

Late in the first quarter of 2020, the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical facilities and practitioners was in full effect in the United States. Federal, regional, and local government and public health agencies issued directives halting performance of non-essential medical treatments and elective procedures in an effort to combat the spread of the coronavirus and protect public health and safety. As a result, an estimated 70-80% of Viveve’s U.S. customers either temporarily closed their medical practices or dramatically reduced services and staff. The consequence has been both a public health and economic crisis that is continuing for existing and prospective Viveve customers. In a supportive partnership response, Viveve contacted all of its subscription customers and provided them with a three-month deferral of the rental payment. Although clinics in various regions are beginning to re-open and provide limited services, we anticipate that until the COVID-19 pandemic abates, more practices begin to re-open and elective patient’s safety concerns are reduced, that we will continue to experience reduced revenue from existing subscription customers, as well as a greatly reduced number of new and prospective customers.       

 

In connection with the lease of the Viveve System, the Company offers single-use treatment tips and ancillary consumables that are considered non-lease components. In the contracts with lease and non-lease components, the Company follows the relevant guidance in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, to determine how to allocate contractual consideration between the lease and non-lease components.

  

Sales of our products are subject to regulatory requirements that vary from country to country. The Company has regulatory clearance for differing indications, or can sell its products without a clearance, in many countries throughout the world, including countries within the following regions: North America, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia Pacific. In North America, we market and sell primarily through a direct sales force. Outside of North America, we market and sell primarily through distribution partners.

 

The Company does not provide its customers with a right of return.

 

Customer Advance Payments

 

From time to time, customers will pay for a portion of the products ordered in advance.  Upon receipt of such payments, the Company records the customer advance payment as a component of accrued liabilities.  The Company will remove the customer advance payment from accrued liabilities when revenue is recognized upon shipment of the products.  

 

Contract Assets and Liabilities

 

The Company continually evaluates whether the revenue generating activities and advanced payment arrangements with customers result in the recognition of contract assets or liabilities. No such assets existed as of June 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019. The Company had customer contract liabilities in the amount of $21,000 and $108,000, primarily related to marketing programs that performance had not yet been delivered to its customers as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Contract liabilities are recorded in accrued liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized revenue for these marketing programs of $4,000 and $87,000, respectively, which was deferred as of December 31, 2019.

  

The following table reflects the changes in our customer contract liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2020:

 

 

Separately, accounts receivable, net represents receivables from contracts with customers.

 

Significant Financing Component

 

The Company applies the practical expedient to not make any adjustment for a significant financing component if, at contract inception, the Company does not expect the period between customer payment and transfer of control of the promised goods or services to the customer to exceed one year. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not have any contracts for the sale of its products with its customers with a significant financing component.

 

 

Contract Costs 

 

The Company expects that commissions paid to obtain subscriptions are recoverable and has therefore capitalized them as a contract costs in the amount of $102,000 and $337,000 at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company began its rental program in the quarter ended June 30, 2019 and, therefore, there were no commissions paid associated with subscriptions in the three months ended June 30, 2019. Capitalized commissions are amortized based on the subscription periods to which the assets relate and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. For the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the amount of amortization was $133,000 and zero, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the amount of amortization was $331,000 and zero, respectively There was no impairment loss in relation to the costs capitalized. The Company has elected the practical expedient to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less.

 

Shipping and Handling

 

Shipping costs billed to customers are recorded as revenue. Shipping and handling expense related to costs incurred to deliver product are recognized within cost of goods sold. The Company accounts for shipping and handling activities that occur after control has transferred as a fulfillment cost as opposed to a separate performance obligation, and the costs of shipping and handling are recognized concurrently with the related revenue.

     

Revenue by Geographic Area

 

Management has determined that the sales by geography is a key indicator for understanding the Company’s financials because of the different sales and business models that are required in the various regions of the world (including regulatory, selling channels, pricing, customers and marketing efforts). The following table presents the revenue from unaffiliated customers disaggregated by geographic area for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

The Company determines geographic location of its revenue based upon the destination of the shipments of its products.

 

Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

 

The Company uses the equity method to account for its investments in entities that it does not control but have the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee. Equity method investments are recorded at original cost and adjusted periodically to recognize (1) the proportionate share of the investees’ net income or losses after the date of investment, (2) additional contributions made and dividends or distributions received, and (3) impairment losses resulting from adjustments to net realizable value. The Company eliminates all intercompany transactions in accounting for equity method investments. The Company records the proportionate share of the investees’ net income or losses in equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company utilizes a three-month lag in reporting equity income from its investments, adjusted for known amounts and events, when the investee’s financial information is not available timely or when the investee’s reporting period differs from our reporting period. 

 

The Company assesses the potential impairment of the equity method investments when indicators such as a history of operating losses, a negative earnings and cash flow outlook, and the financial condition and prospects for the investee’s business segment might indicate a loss in value. The carrying value of the investments is reviewed annually for changes in circumstances or the occurrence of events that suggest the investment may not be recoverable. No impairment charges have been recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations during the three and six months ended June 30 , 2020 and 2019.

 

 

Product Warranty

 

The Company’s products sold to customers are generally subject to warranties between one and three years, which provides for the repair, rework or replacement of products (at the Company’s option) that fail to perform within stated specifications. The Company has assessed the historical claims and, to date, product warranty claims have not been significant.

  

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

 

Share-based compensation cost is measured at grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense over the employee’s service period. The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award.

 

The Company determined that the Black-Scholes option pricing model is the most appropriate method for determining the estimated fair value for stock options and purchase rights under the employee stock purchase plan. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the use of highly subjective and complex assumptions which determine the fair value of share-based awards, including the option’s expected term and the price volatility of the underlying stock.

 

Equity instruments issued to nonemployees are recorded in the same manner as similar instruments issued to employees.

 

Comprehensive Loss

 

Comprehensive loss represents the changes in equity of an enterprise, other than those resulting from stockholder transactions. Accordingly, comprehensive loss may include certain changes in equity that are excluded from net loss. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s comprehensive loss is the same as its net loss. 

  

Net Loss per Share

 

The Company’s basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. The diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. For purposes of this calculation, stock options and warrants to purchase common stock and restricted common stock awards are considered common stock equivalents. For periods in which the Company has reported net losses, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share since dilutive common shares are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive.

 

The following securities were excluded from the calculation of net loss per share because the inclusion would be anti-dilutive: 

 

 

(a)

As of June 30, 2020, a total of 33,685 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock were outstanding and are convertible into 22,016,179 shares of common stock. Each share of Series B preferred stock is convertible at the holder's option into shares of common stock at a conversion ratio of 1-for-653.59 per share determined by dividing the Series B liquidation amount of $1,000 per share by the Series B conversion price of $1.53 per share. However, under the terms of the Series B Preferred Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement, as amended, CRG will not convert the Series B preferred stock or exercise the CRG warrants until the Company’s stockholders act to authorize additional number of shares of common stock sufficient to cover the conversion shares.

 

 

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Standards

 

In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-08, “Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The amendments in this Update require measurement and classification of share-based payment awards granted to a customer by applying the guidance in Topic 718. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2020 and the adoption of the guidance did not have a significant impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740). The amendments in this Update provide further simplification of accounting standards for the accounting for income taxes. Certain exceptions for are removed and requirements regarding the accounting for franchise taxes, tax basis of goodwill, and tax law rate changes are made. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. We will adopt this guidance as of January 1, 2021 and the adoption of the guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements. We have reviewed other recent accounting pronouncements and concluded they are either not applicable to the business, or no material effect is expected on the condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of future adoption.

 

We have reviewed other recent accounting pronouncements and concluded they are either not applicable to the business, or no material effect is expected on the condensed consolidated financial statements as a result of future adoption.  

 

3.	Fair Value Measurements

 

The Company recognizes and discloses the fair value of its assets and liabilities using a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to valuations based upon unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to valuations based upon unobservable inputs that are significant to the valuation (Level 3 measurements). Each level of input has different levels of subjectivity and difficulty involved in determining fair value.

 

Level 1

Inputs used to measure fair value are unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for the identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Therefore, determining fair value for Level 1 investments generally does not require significant judgment, and the estimation is not difficult.

 

Level 2

Pricing is provided by third party sources of market information obtained through investment advisors. The Company does not adjust for or apply any additional assumptions or estimates to the pricing information received from its advisors.

 

Level 3

Inputs used to measure fair value are unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and reflect the use of significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using pricing models for which the assumptions utilize management’s estimates of market participant assumptions. The determination of fair value for Level 3 instruments involves the most management judgment and subjectivity.

 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability. 

  

There were no financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

 

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses as of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019 approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. Based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for loans with similar terms, the carrying value of the note payable approximates fair value. 

 

There were no changes in valuation techniques from prior periods.    

 

 

 

4.	Investment in Limited Liability Company

 

On August 8, 2017, the Company entered into an exclusive Distributorship Agreement (the “Distributorship Agreement”) with InControl Medical, LLC (“ICM”), a Wisconsin limited liability company focused on women's health, pursuant to which the Company will directly market, promote, distribute and sell ICM’s products to licensed medical professional offices and hospitals in North America.

 

Under the terms of the Distributorship Agreement, ICM agreed to not directly or indirectly appoint or authorize any third party to market, promote, distribute or sell any of the licensed products to any licensed medical professional offices and hospitals in the United States. In exchange, the Company agreed to not market, promote, distribute or sell (or contract to do so) any product which substantially replicates all or almost all of the key features of the licensed products. The Company has a minimum purchase requirement to purchase a certain quantity of ICM products per month during the term of this Distributorship Agreement. In addition, the parties agreed to certain mutual marketing obligations to promote sales of the licensed products. During the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company has purchased 120 and 0 units of ICM products for approximately $10,000 and $ 0 , respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company has purchased 240 and 300 units of ICM products for approximately $20,000 and $27,000, respectively.  As of June 30, 2020, the Company has purchased approximately 5,040 units of ICM products. The Company paid ICM approximately $10,000 and zero for product related costs during the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company paid ICM approximately $20,000 and $27,000 for product-related costs during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively  There were no amounts due to ICM for the accounts payable as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

 

In connection with the Distributorship Agreement, the Company also entered into a Membership Unit Subscription Agreement with ICM and the associated limited liability company operating agreement of ICM, pursuant to which the Company invested $2,500,000 in, and acquired membership units of, ICM. This investment has been recorded in investment in a limited liability company in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company used the equity method to account for the investment in ICM because the Company does not control it but has the ability to exercise significant influence over it. As of June 30, 2020, the Company owns approximately 7% ownership interest in ICM. The Company recognizes its allocated portion of ICM’s results of operations on a three-month lag due to the timing of financial information. For the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the allocated net loss from ICM’s operations was $86,000 and $138,000, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the allocated net loss from ICM’s operations was $268,000 and $263,000, respectively. The allocated net loss from ICM’s operations was recorded as loss from minority interest in limited liability company in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. 

 

In February 2019, the Company executed a mutual termination of the Distributorship Agreement with ICM. As a result, the Company no longer has a minimum purchase requirement to purchase a certain quantity of ICM products per month.       

 

5.	Accrued Liabilities

 

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands): 

 

 

 

 

6.	Note Payable

  

On May 22, 2017, the Company entered into a Term Loan Agreement as amended on December 12, 2017 and November 29,2018 (collectively the “2017 Loan Agreement”) with affiliates of CRG LP (“CRG”). The credit facility consists of $20,000,000 drawn at closing and access to additional funding of up to an aggregate of $10,000,000 for a total of $30,000,000 available under the credit facility. On December 29, 2017, the Company accessed the remaining $10,000,000 available under the credit facility.

 

In connection with the 2017 Loan Agreement, the Company issued two 10-year warrants to CRG to purchase a total of 2,220 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $950.00 per share (see Note 11 – Common Stock). 

 

Under the 2017 Loan Agreement, as in effect prior to the November 12, 2019 amendment, the credit facility had a six-year term with four years of interest-only payments after which quarterly principal and interest payments were to be due through the maturity date. Amounts borrowed under the 2017 Loan Agreement accrued interest at an annual fixed rate of 12.5%, 4.0% of which may, at the election of the Company, could be paid in-kind during the interest-only period by adding such accrued amount to the principal loan amount each quarter. During the three and six months ended June 30, 31, 2019, the Company paid interest in-kind of $324,000 and $624,000, respectively, which was added to the total outstanding principal loan amount. The Company was also required to pay CRG a final payment fee upon repayment of the loans in full equal to 5.0% of the sum of the aggregate principal amount plus the deferred interest added to the principal loan amount during the interest-only period.  

 

As security for its obligations under the 2017 Loan Agreement, the Company entered into security agreements with CRG whereby the Company granted CRG a lien on substantially all of the Company’s assets, including intellectual property.

 

The terms of the 2017 Loan Agreement also required the Company to meet certain financial and other covenants. The 2017 Loan Agreement also contained customary affirmative and negative covenants for a credit facility of this size and type, including covenants that limit or restrict the Company’s ability to, among other things, incur indebtedness, grant liens, merge or consolidate, dispose of assets, make investments, make acquisitions, enter into transactions with affiliates, pay dividends or make distributions, license intellectual property rights on an exclusive basis or repurchase stock, in each case subject to customary exceptions.

 

On November 12, 2019, the Company and CRG amended the 2017 Loan Agreement (the “Amendment No. 3”). In connection with the amendment, the Company converted approximately $28,981,000 of the outstanding principal amount under the term loan plus accrued interest, the prepayment premium and the back-end facility fee for an aggregate amount of converted debt obligations of approximately $31,300,000. The debt obligations converted into 31,300 shares of the newly authorized Series B convertible preferred stock and warrants to purchase up to 9,893,776 shares of common stock were also issued. The warrants have a term of 5 years and an exercise price equal to 120% of the Series convertible B preferred stock conversion price of $1.53 or $1.836 per share (see Note 11 – Common Stock). CRG entered into a one year lock up agreement on all securities that it holds.

 

The Amendment No. 3 to the 2017 Loan Agreement addressed, among other things:

 

●

repayment provisions were amended such that repayment is permitted only with, or after, the redemption in full of the Series B convertible preferred stock issued to CRG;

●

the interest only payment period and the period during which the Company may elect to pay the full interest in PIK interest payments was extended through the 23rd date after the first payment date. Pursuant to the amendment, CRG shall consent to the payment of such interest in the form of PIK loans, provided that (i) as of such payment date, no default shall have occurred and be continuing, and (ii) the principal amount of each PIK loan shall accrue interest in accordance with the provisions of the 2017 Loan Agreement;

●

modified certain of the covenants, including (i) to permit issuance of the Series B convertible preferred stock and any preferred stock issued in the equity financing and the exercise and performance by the Company of its rights and obligations in connection with such CRG preferred stock and any preferred stock issued in the equity financing, (ii) eliminate the Company’s ability to enter into permitted acquisitions, (iii) further restrict the incurrence of additional indebtedness and removal of the equity cure right, and (iv) eliminate the minimum revenue requirement; and

●

the back-end facility fee on the aggregate remaining principal balance on the term loan shall be increased from 5% to 25%.

 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company paid interest in-kind of $130,000 and $256,000, respectively, which was added to the total outstanding principal loan amount. 

 

As of June 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all covenants.

 

 

As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, $4,241,000 and $3,983,000, respectively, was recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, as note payable, noncurrent portion, which is net of the remaining unamortized debt discount. 

 

The Company accounted for the changes in the 2017 Loan Agreement as a troubled debt restructuring. The Company reduced the amount of the debt obligation by the fair value of the equity interests transferred. The remaining difference was charged to the loss on debt restructuring and reported on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The equity interests transferred included the 31,300 shares of the newly authorized Series B convertible preferred stock and warrants to purchase up to 9,893,776 shares of common stock. The Company determined the fair value of the Series B convertible preferred stock on November 26, 2019 using the option pricing method. The fair value of the Series B convertible preferred stock was determined to be $1,023.23 for an aggregate fair value amount of approximately $32,027,000 (see Note 10 – Preferred Stock). The Company determined the fair value of the warrants on the date of issuance to be approximately $3,502,000 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model (see Note 11 – Common Stock.) After consideration of the fair value of the equity interests transferred and the carrying value of the debt, the remaining difference is the loss on debt restructuring of $6,705,000, which was recorded in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019.

    

As of June 30, 2020, future minimum payments under the note payable are as follows (in thousands): 

 

 

 

7.	Paycheck Protection Program Loan

 

The Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) was established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) and is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. On April 24, 2020, Viveve, Inc. (“Viveve”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a promissory note evidencing an unsecured loan in the aggregate amount of approximately $1,343,000 made to Viveve under the PPP (the “PPP Loan”). The PPP Loan to Viveve is being made through Western Alliance Bank. The interest rate on the PPP Loan is 1.00% and the term is two years. Beginning seven months from the date of the PPP Loan, Viveve is required to make monthly payments of principal and interest. The promissory note evidencing the PPP Loan contains customary events of default relating to, among other things, payment defaults or breaching the terms of the PPP Loan documents. The occurrence of an event of default may result in the repayment of all amounts outstanding, collection of all amounts owing from Viveve, or filing suit and obtaining judgment against Viveve. Under the terms of the CARES Act, PPP loan recipients can apply for and be granted forgiveness for all or a portion of the loan granted under the PPP. Such forgiveness will be determined, subject to limitations, based on the use of loan proceeds for payment of payroll costs and any payments of mortgage interest, rent, and utilities. No assurance is provided that Viveve will obtain forgiveness of the PPP Loan in whole or in part.

 

As of June 30, 2020, future minimum payments under the PPP loan are as follows (in thousands): 

 

 

 

 

 

8.

Leases

 

Lessee:

 

The following information pertains to those operating lease agreements where the Company is the lessee. 

  

On February 1, 2017, the Company entered into a sublease agreement (the “Sublease”) for approximately 12,400 square feet of building space for the relocation of the Company’s corporate headquarters to Englewood, Colorado (the “Sublease Premises”), which was effective as of January 26, 2017. The lease term commenced on June 1, 2017 and will terminate in May 2021. The Company relocated its corporate headquarters from Sunnyvale, California to Englewood, Colorado in June 2017. 

 

The monthly base rent under the Sublease is equal to $20.50 per rentable square foot of the Sublease Premises during the first year. The monthly base rent is equal to $21.12 and $21.75 per rentable square foot during the second and third years, respectively. In connection with the execution of the Sublease, the Company also agreed to pay a security deposit of approximately $22,000. The Company was also provided an allowance of approximately $88,000 for certain tenant improvements relating to the engineering, design and construction of the Sublease Premises which has been reimbursed.  

  

In September 2018, the Company entered into a 36-month noncancelable operating lease agreement for office equipment.  The lease commenced on September 20, 2018.  The monthly lease payment is approximately $3,000. 

 

After the adoption of ASU 842 – Leases on January 1, 2019, operating lease rentals are expensed on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease beginning on the date the Company takes possession of the property. At lease inception, the Company determines the lease term by assuming the exercise of those renewal options that are reasonably assured. The lease term is used to determine whether a lease is financing or operating and is used to calculate straight-line rent expense. Additionally, the depreciable life of leasehold improvements is limited by the expected lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; the Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

The following table reflects the Company's lease assets and lease liabilities at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

The operating lease right-of-use assets are included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The operating lease liabilities are included in accrued liabilities and other noncurrent liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

 

The operating leases expense for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $73,000 and $75,000, respectively. The operating leases expense for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $149,000 and $150,000, respectively. 

 

As of June 30, 2020, the maturity of operating lease liabilities was as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

The weighted average remaining lease term was approximately 11 months as of June 30, 2020. The weighted average discount rate for the three months ended June 30, 2020 was 12.5%.

  

Lessor:

 

The following information pertains to those operating lease agreements where the Company is the lessor. 

 

As of June 30, 2020, minimum future rentals from customers on non-cancellable operating leases of Viveve Systems are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

As of June 30, 2020, $1,087,000 of property and equipment is related to these operating lease agreements. The depreciation expense for that property and equipment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 is $115,000 and $228,000, respectively.   

 

9.	Commitments and Contingencies

 

Indemnification Agreements

 

The Company enters into standard indemnification arrangements in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these arrangements, the Company indemnifies, holds harmless and agrees to reimburse the indemnified parties for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, in connection with performance of services within the scope of the agreement, breach of the agreement by the Company, or noncompliance of regulations or laws by the Company, in all cases provided the indemnified party has not breached the agreement and/or the loss is not attributable to the indemnified party’s negligence or willful malfeasance. The term of these indemnification agreements is generally perpetual any time after the execution of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these arrangements is not determinable. The Company has never incurred costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. As a result, the Company believes the estimated fair value of these agreements is minimal. 

  

Loss Contingencies

 

The Company is or has been subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company evaluates contingent liabilities, including threatened or pending litigation, for potential losses. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be estimated, the Company accrues a liability for the estimated loss. Because of uncertainties related to these matters, accruals are based upon the best information available. For potential losses for which there is a reasonable possibility (meaning the likelihood is more than remote but less than probable) that a loss exists, the Company will disclose an estimate of the potential loss or range of such potential loss or include a statement that an estimate of the potential loss cannot be made. As additional information becomes available, the Company reassesses the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation and may revise its estimates, which could materially impact its condensed consolidated financial statements.  Management does not believe that the outcome of any outstanding legal matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.    

 

10.	Preferred Stock

 

In connection with the closing of the public offering in November 2019, the Company filed the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A Certificate of Designation”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The Series A Certificate of Designation provides for the issuance of the shares of Series A convertible preferred stock. The shares of Series A convertible preferred stock rank on par with the shares of the common stock, in each case, as to dividend rights and distributions of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company. 

 

With certain exceptions, as described in the Series A Certificate of Designation, the shares of Series A preferred stock have no voting rights.

 

 

Each share of Series A convertible preferred stock is convertible at any time at the holder’s option into one share of common stock, which conversion ratio will be subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, distributions, subdivisions and combinations and other similar transactions as specified in the Series A Certificate of Designation.

 

The activity related to Series A convertible preferred stock during the six months ended June 30, 2020 is described as follows:

 

●

In January 2020, the holders of Series A convertible preferred stock converted 1,183,151 shares of common stock.

 

●

In February 2020, the holders of Series A convertible preferred stock converted 669,022 shares into common stock.

 

As of June 30, 2020, all Series A convertible preferred stock had been converted into common stock and there are no remaining shares of Series A convertible preferred stock outstanding.

 

As previously reported (see Note 6 – Note Payable), the CRG debt obligations converted into 31,300 shares of the newly authorized Series B convertible preferred stock and warrants to purchase up to 9,893,776 shares of common stock were also issued. In connection with the CRG debt conversion, on November 26, 2019, the Company filed the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series B Certificate of Designation”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The Series B Certificate of Designation provides for the issuance of the shares of Series B convertible preferred stock. The holders of Series B convertible preferred stock are entitled to receive compounding dividends at a rate of 12.5% per annum payable quarterly at the Company’s option through additional paid in-kind shares of Series B convertible preferred stock or in cash. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company paid dividend in-kind of an additional 378 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock and a cash dividend of approximately $2,000 for the remaining fractional shares. During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company paid dividend in kind of an additional 1,018 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock and a cash dividend of approximately $3,000 for the remaining fractional shares. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company paid dividend in kind of an additional 2,007 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock and a cash dividend of approximately $4,000 for the remaining fractional shares. As of June 30, 2020, there are 33,685 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock outstanding. The shares of Series B convertible preferred stock have no voting rights and rank senior to all other classes and series of our equity in terms of repayment and certain other rights. 

 

The Series B convertible preferred stock provides that for so long as any shares are outstanding, the consent of the holders of the Series B convertible preferred stockholders would be required to amend the Company’s organizational documents, approve any merger, sale of assets, or other major corporate transaction, or incur additional indebtedness, among other items. 

 

The fair value of the Series B convertible preferred stock was determined in connection with the CRG debt conversion as part of the accounting for that transaction as a troubled debt restructuring. Based on our valuation analysis, as of November 26, 2019, the date of issuance, the estimated fair value of the Series B convertible preferred stock was $1,023.23 per share or a total value of approximately $32,027,000 for the 31,300 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock that were issued. (See Note 6 – Note Payable.)

 

Under the terms of the Series B Preferred Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement, as amended, CRG will not convert the Series B convertible preferred stock or exercise the warrants until the Company’s stockholders act to authorize additional number of shares of common stock sufficient to cover the conversion shares.

  

 

11.	Common Stock

 

Purchase Agreement with Lincoln Park Capital, LLC

 

On June 8, 2020, the Company entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“LPC”), pursuant to which the Company has the right to sell to LPC, and LPC has committed to purchase from us, from time to time, up to $10,000,000 of our common stock, subject to certain limitations, during the 30 months term of the Purchase Agreement.

 

On June 9, 2020, LPC purchased 525,000 shares of common stock at a price per share of $0.65 (the “Initial Purchase Shares”) under the Purchase Agreement. Thereafter, under the Purchase Agreement, on any business day selected by us (the “Purchase Date”), the Company may direct LPC to purchase up to 250,000 shares of our common stock on such business day (each, a “Regular Purchase”), provided, however, that (i) the Regular Purchase may be increased to up to 300,000 shares, provided that the closing sale price of our common stock is not below $1.00 on the Purchase Date and (ii) the Regular Purchase may be increased to up to 500,000 shares, provided that the closing sale price of our common stock is not below $2.00 on the Purchase Date. In each case, LPC’s maximum commitment in any single Regular Purchase may not exceed $1,000,000. LPC has no right to require the Company to sell any shares of common stock to LPC, but LPC is obligated to make purchases as the Company directs, subject to certain conditions. The purchase price per share for each such Regular Purchase will be based off of prevailing market prices of our common stock immediately preceding the time of sale without any fixed discount.

 

 

In addition to Regular Purchases described above, the Company may also direct LPC, on any business day following the date on which the Company has properly submitted a Regular Purchase notice directing LPC to purchase the maximum number of shares of our common stock that the Company is then permitted to include in a single Regular Purchase notice (the “Accelerated Purchase Date”), to purchase an additional amount of our common stock (an “Accelerated Purchase”), not to exceed the lesser of (i) three (3) times the number of shares purchased pursuant to such Regular Purchase, and (ii) 30% of the trading volume on the Accelerated Purchase Date at a purchase price equal to the lesser of (a) the closing sale price on the Accelerated Purchase Date, and (b) 95% of the Accelerated Purchase Date’s volume weighted average price. The Company shall have the right in its sole discretion to set a minimum price threshold for each Accelerated Purchase.

 

Under certain circumstances and in accordance with the Purchase Agreement, the Company may direct LPC to purchase shares in multiple Accelerated Purchases on the same trading day, provided that all prior Accelerated Purchases (including those that have occurred earlier on the same day) have been completed and all of the shares to be purchased thereunder (and under the corresponding Regular Purchase) have been properly delivered to LPC in accordance with the Purchase Agreement. 

 

Other than as described above, there are no trading volume requirements or restrictions under the Purchase Agreement, and the Company will control the timing and amount of any sales of our common stock to LPC.

 

Transaction costs in connection with the Purchase Agreement with LPC totaled approximately $452,000. Included in these transaction costs was a commitment fee paid by the Company in the amount of $325,000. While this commitment fee relates to the entire offering and the purchases of common shares that will occur over time, the Company has recorded the entire commitment fee as issuance costs in additional paid-in capital at the time the commitment fee was paid because the offering has been consummated, and there is no guaranteed future economic benefit from this payment.

 

2019 Public Offering

 

In November 2019, the Company closed an underwritten public offering of units (the “November 2019 Offering”) for gross proceeds of approximately $11,500,000, which included the full exercise of the underwriter's overallotment option to purchase additional shares and warrants. The net proceeds to the Company, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses and payable by the Company, were approximately $9,922,000.  

 

The offering comprised of: (1) Class A Units, priced at a public offering price of $1.55 per unit, with each unit consisting of one share of common stock, a Series A warrant to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $1.55 per share that expires on the first anniversary of the date of issuance and a Series B warrant to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $1.55 per share that expires on the fifth anniversary of the issuance; and (2) Class B Units, priced at a public offering price of $1.55 per unit, with each unit consisting of one share of Series A preferred stock, convertible into one share of common stock, a Series A warrant to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $1.55 per share that expires on the first anniversary of the date of issuance and a Series B warrant to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $1.55 per share that expires on the fifth anniversary of the issuance.

  

The securities comprising the units were immediately separable and were issued separately. A total of 1,945,943 shares of common stock, 5,473,410 shares of Series A preferred stock, Series A warrants to purchase up to 7,419,353 shares of common stock, and Series B warrants to purchase up to 7,419,353 shares of common stock were issued in the offering, including the full exercise of the over-allotment option.

 

As of June 30, 2020, all Series A convertible preferred stock had been converted into common stock and there are no remaining shares of Series A convertible preferred stock outstanding. (See Note 10 – Preferred Stock.)

 

As of June 30, 2020, there are Series A warrants to purchase a total of 1,540,829 shares of common stock and Series B warrants to purchase a total of 7,080,390 shares of common stock still remaining and outstanding. (See “Warrants for Common Stock” below.)

 

 

Restricted Common Shares

 

The activity of restricted common shares for the six months ended June 30, 2020 is described as follows:

 

●

In June 2020, the Company issued 34,531 restricted shares of its common stock at an aggregate value of approximately $25,000.

 

●

In March 2020, the Company issued 28,313 restricted shares of its common stock at an aggregate value of approximately $24,000.

 

Warrants for Common Stock

 

As of June 30, 2020, outstanding warrants to purchase shares of common stock were as follows: 

 

 

In connection with the November 2019 Offering, Series A warrants to purchase up to 7,419,353 shares of common stock, and Series B warrants to purchase up to 7,419,353 shares of common stock were issued in the offering. A Series A warrant to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $1.55 per share that expires on the first anniversary of the date of issuance and a Series B warrant to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $1.55 per share that expires on the fifth anniversary of the issuance. The Series A warrants to purchase one share of common stock have a contractual term of one year and an exercise price of $1.55 per share. The Series B warrants to purchase one share of common stock have a contractual term of five years and an exercise price of $1.55 per share.

 

In February 2020, a total of 1,026,240 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the exercise of Series A warrants for gross proceeds of approximately $1,591,000. In February 2020, a total of 45,473 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the exercise of Series B warrants for gross proceeds of approximately $70,000.

 

 

On April 15, 2020, the Company reduced the exercise price of the outstanding Series A warrants and Series B warrants from $1.55 per share to $0.61 per share. The Series A and B warrant exercise price adjustment to $0.61 per share from $1.55 per share resulted in the recognition of a modification expense on April 15, 2020, under the analogous guidance with respect to stock option modification under FASB ASC Topic 718, Stock-Based Compensation (ASC 718), wherein an exchange of warrants is deemed to be a modification of the initial warrant agreement by the replacement with a revised warrant agreement, requiring the incremental fair value, measured as the difference between the fair value immediately after the modification as compared to the fair value immediately before the modification, to the extent an increase, recognized as a modification expense. In this regard, the Series A warrants and Series B warrants exercise price adjustment resulted in the recognition of a current period modification expense of $1,838,000 included in other income (expense) in the condensed consolidated statement of operations, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The modification expense incremental fair value was estimated using a Black-Scholes valuation model, using the following assumptions:

 

 

On April 16, 2020, the Company entered into inducement letter agreements with certain institutional and accredited holders of Series A warrants and Series B warrants pursuant to which such holders agreed to exercise Series A warrants to purchase 4,820,584 shares of common stock and Series B warrants to purchase 242,790 shares of common stock for aggregate exercise proceeds to the Company of approximately $3,089,000.

 

In conjunction, the Company also agreed to issue new Series A-2 warrants to purchase up to 4,820,584 shares of common stock as an inducement for the exercise of Series A warrants, and new Series B-2 warrants to purchase up to 242,790 shares of common stock as an inducement for the exercise of Series B warrants, in each case at an exercise price of $0.6371 per share and for a term of five years. The Company determined the fair value of the Series A-2 and the Series B-2 warrants on the date of issuance to be approximately $1,838,000 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used were dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 84.1%, risk free interest rate of 0.35% and a contractual life of five years. The fair value of the Series A-2 and B-2 warrants is recorded as a cost of issuance of the offering and as additional paid-in capital. The transaction closed on April 20, 2020. Other transaction costs in connection with the 2020 Warrant Offering were approximately $326,000.

 

In May 2020, a total of 4,099 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the exercise of Series A warrants for gross proceeds of approximately $2,500.

 

In June 2020, a total of 27,601 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the exercise of Series A warrants for gross proceeds of approximately $17,000. In June 2020, a total of 50,700 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the exercise of Series B warrants for gross proceeds of approximately $31,000. 

 

As of June 30, 2020, there are Series A warrants to purchase a total of 1,540,829 shares of common stock and Series B warrants to purchase a total of 7,080,390 shares of common stock still remaining and outstanding.

 

In connection with the CRG Debt Conversion, CRG received warrants exercisable for 9,893,776 shares of common stock, an amount equal to 15% of our common stock on a fully diluted basis after taking the November 2019 Offering into account (the “CRG Warrants”). The CRG Warrants have a contractual term of five years and an exercise price equal to 120% of the Series B convertible preferred stock conversion price of $1.53 or $1.836 per share. The Company determined the fair value of the warrants on the date of issuance to be approximately $3,502,000 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Assumptions used were dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 68.8%, risk free interest rate of 1.58% and a contractual life of five years. The fair value of the CRG warrants is recorded as additional paid-in capital as part of the accounting for the debt conversion. 

 

In connection with the 2017 Loan Agreement, the Company issued warrants to purchase a total of 2,220, shares of common stock at an exercise price of $950.00 per share. The warrants have a contractual life of ten years and are exercisable immediately in whole or in part. The Company determined the fair value of the warrants on the date of issuance to be $940,000 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the warrants along with financing and legal fees totaling $790,000, are recorded as debt issuance costs and presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as a deduction from the carrying amount of the note payable. The debt issuance costs are amortized to interest expense over the loan term. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recorded $1,000 and $2,000, respectively, of interest expense relating to the debt issuance costs using the effective interest method. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded $119,000 and $202,000, respectively, of interest expense relating to the debt issuance costs using the effective interest method. As of June 30, 2020, the unamortized debt discount was $10,000.

  

No shares issuable pursuant to warrants have been cancelled during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.

     

A total of 215 shares issuable pursuant to warrants expired during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020. No shares issuable pursuant to warrants expired during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. 

 

 

 

12.	Summary of Stock Options

 

Stock Option Plans

 

The Company has issued equity awards in the form of stock options and restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) from two employee benefit plans. The plans include the Viveve Amended and Restated 2006 Stock Plan (the “2006 Plan”) and the Company’s Amended and Restated 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2013 Plan”).

 

As of June 30, 2020, there are outstanding stock option awards issued from the 2006 Plan covering a total of 104 shares of the Company’s common stock and no shares are available for future awards. The weighted average exercise price of the outstanding stock options is $992.00 per share and the weighted average remaining contractual term is 2.6 years.

  

As of June 30, 2020, there are outstanding stock option awards issued from the 2013 Plan covering a total of 10,023,337 shares of the Company’s common stock and there remain reserved for future awards 4,502,522 shares of the Company’s common stock. The weighted average exercise price of the outstanding stock options is $1.97 per share, and the remaining contractual term is 9.4 years. 

 

In January 2020, the board of directors approved the 2020 evergreen provision increasing the total stock reserved for issuance under the 2013 Plan by 2,639,926 shares from 11,872,531 shares to a total of 14,512,457 shares, which was effective January 1, 2020.

 

Activity under the 2006 Plan and the 2013 Plan is as follows: 

 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value reflects the difference between the exercise price of the underlying stock options and the Company’s closing share price as of June 30, 2020. 

  

 

The options outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2020 are as follows:

 

 

Restricted Stock Awards

 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, no RSAs for shares of common stock under the 2013 Plan were granted by the Company.

 

In June 2020, the Company issued 250 shares of common stock to a consultant in connection with the annual vesting of an RSA granted to the consultant in June 2018.

 

In July 2019, the Company issued 378 shares of common stock under the 2013 Plan to members of the Company’s board of directors with a weighted average grant date fair value of $38.08 per share, based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the award date. The RSAs were fully vested on the date of grant and 378 shares of common stock were issued.

 

In June 2019, the Company issued 250 shares of common stock to a consultant in connection with the annual vesting of an RSA granted to the consultant in June 2018.

 

In April 2019, the Company issued 525 shares of common stock under the 2013 Plan to board members as director compensation with a weighted average grant date fair value of $91.00 per share, based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the award date. The RSAs were fully vested on the date of grant and 525 shares of common stock were issued.

  

In January 2019, the Company granted RSAs for 3,625 shares of common stock under the 2013 Plan to employees as part of their 2018 annual performance bonuses. The bonuses for 2018 performance were paid 50% in cash and 50% in the form of RSAs that will vest in full upon FDA approval of the Viveve System for improvement of sexual function or stress urinary incontinence in the United States. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, 22 shares pursuant to these RSAs were cancelled. As of June 30, 2020, zero shares were vested and issued.

 

As of June 30, 2020, there are 2,348 shares of unvested restricted stock awards outstanding that have been granted pursuant to RSAs.

 

2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 

The activity of the Company’s 2017 ESPP for the six months ended June 30, 2020 is described as follows:

 

The eleventh offering period under the Company’s 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2017 ESPP”) began on April 1, 2020 and ended on June 30, 2020, and 300 shares were issued on June 30, 2020 at a purchase price of $0.48.

 

The tenth offering period under the Company’s 2017 ESPP began on January 1, 2020 and ended on March 31, 2020, and 320 shares were issued on March 31, 2020 at a purchase price of $0.59. 

  

 

As of June 30, 2020, the remaining shares available for issuance under the 2017 ESPP were 472 shares. 

 

The Company estimates the fair value of purchase rights under the ESPP using a Black-Scholes valuation model. The fair value of each purchase right was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model and the straight-line attribution approach with the following weighted-average assumptions:

 

 

The weighted average grant date fair value of the purchase rights issued under the 2017 ESPP during the three and six months ended June 2020, was $0.23 and $0.33, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of the purchase rights issued under the 2017 ESPP during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 was $0.95 and $0.68, respectively.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

There were no stock options granted during the three months ended June 30, 2020. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company granted stock options to employees and nonemployees to purchase 468,000 shares of common stock with a weighted average grant date fair value of $0.52 per share. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company granted stock options to employees to purchase 1,900 and 23,350 shares of common stock, respectively, with a weighted average grant date fair value of $32.77 and $71.77 per share, respectively. There were no stock options exercised during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

The Company estimated the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of employee and nonemployee stock options is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards. The fair value of employee stock options granted was estimated using the following weighted average assumptions:   

 

 

Option-pricing models require the input of various subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The expected stock price volatility is based on analysis of the Company’s stock price history over a period commensurate with the expected term of the options, trading volume of comparable companies’ stock, look-back volatilities and the Company specific events that affected volatility in a prior period. The expected term of employee stock options represents the weighted average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding and is based on the history of exercises and cancellations on all past option grants made by the Company, the contractual term, the vesting period and the expected remaining term of the outstanding options. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury interest rates whose term is consistent with the expected life of the stock options. No dividend yield is included as the Company has not issued any dividends and does not anticipate issuing any dividends in the future.  

 

 

The following table shows stock-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

 

 

As of June 30, 2020, the total unrecognized compensation cost in connection with unvested stock options was approximately $5,819,000. These costs are expected to be recognized over a period of approximately 2.9 years.