UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 1O-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended May 3, 2020

Commission File No. 1-12597

CULP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(336) 889-5161

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:   None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   YES  ☐   NO  ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.   YES  ☐   NO  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to the filing requirements for at least the past 90 days.   YES  ☒   NO  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). YES  ☒   NO  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, and emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).   YES  ☐   NO  ☒

As of May 3, 2020, 12,284,946 shares of common stock were outstanding.  As of November 3, 2019, the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on that date was $183,200,423 based on the closing sales price of such stock as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), assuming, for purposes of this report, that all executive officers and directors of the registrant are affiliates.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with its Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on September 30, 2020 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

CULP, INC.

FORM 10-K REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

Parts I and II of this report contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934).  Such statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual events and results to differ materially from such statements. Further, forward-looking statements are intended to speak only as of the date on which they are made, and we disclaim any duty to update or alter such statements to reflect any changes in management’s expectations or any change in the assumptions or circumstances on which such statements are based, whether due to new information, future events, or otherwise.  Forward-looking statements are statements that include projections, expectations, or beliefs about future events or results or otherwise are not statements of historical fact.  Such statements are often but not always characterized by qualifying words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” and their derivatives, and include but are not limited to statements about expectations for our future operations, production levels, new project launches, sales, profit margins, profitability, operating income, capital expenditures, working capital levels, income taxes, SG&A or other expenses, pre-tax income, earnings, cash flow, and other performance or liquidity measures, as well as any statements regarding potential acquisitions, future economic or industry trends, public health epidemics, or future developments.  There can be no assurance that the company will realize these expectations, meet its guidance, or that these beliefs will prove correct.

Factors that could influence the matters discussed in such statements include the level of housing starts and sales of existing homes, consumer confidence, trends in disposable income, and general economic conditions.  Decreases in these economic indicators could have a negative effect on our business and prospects.  Likewise, increases in interest rates, particularly home mortgage rates, and increases in consumer debt or the general rate of inflation, could affect us adversely.  The future performance of our business depends in part on our success in conducting and finalizing acquisition negotiations and integrating acquired businesses into our existing operations.  Changes in consumer tastes or preferences toward products not produced by us could erode demand for our products. Changes in tariffs or trade policy, or changes in the value of the U.S. dollar versus other currencies, could affect our financial results because a significant portion of our operations are located outside the United States.  Strengthening of the U.S. dollar against other currencies could make our products less competitive on the basis of price in markets outside the United States, and strengthening of currencies in Canada and China can have a negative impact on our sales of products produced in those places.  Also, economic and political instability in international areas could affect our operations or sources of goods in those areas, as well as demand for our products in international markets. The impact of public health epidemics on employees, customers, suppliers, and the global economy, such as the global coronavirus pandemic currently affecting countries around the world, could also adversely affect our operations and financial performance.  In addition, the impact of potential goodwill or intangible asset impairments could affect our financial results.  Finally, increases in market prices for petrochemical products can significantly affect the prices we pay for raw materials, and in turn, increase our operating costs and decrease our profitability.  Further information about these factors, as well as other factors that could affect our future operations or financial results and the matters discussed in forward-looking statements, is included in the “Risk Factors” section of this report in Item 1A. A forward-looking statement is neither a prediction nor a guarantee of future events or circumstances, and those future events or circumstances may not occur.

1

PART 1

ITEM 1.  BUSINESS

As used in this document, the terms “Culp,” the “company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” refer to Culp, Inc., its consolidated subsidiaries, and its unconsolidated fifty percent owned joint venture, CLASS International Holdings, Ltd. (unless the context indicates another meaning). The term “common stock” means the common stock of Culp, Inc., par value $.05 per share. The terms “Read Window Products” and “Read” refer to our wholly owned subsidiary, Read Window Products, LLC. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, the company sold its majority ownership interest in eLuxury, LLC (“eLuxury”), resulting in the elimination of the company’s home accessory segment at the time of such sale. Accordingly, the results of operations for this segment are excluded from the company’s continuing operations for the fiscal 2020 year and all prior periods of comparison, and the financial results are presented as a discontinued operation in the company’s consolidated financial statements. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for further details.

Overview

Culp, Inc. manufactures, sources, and markets mattress fabrics and sewn covers used for covering mattresses and foundations and other bedding products; and upholstery fabrics, including cut and sewn kits, primarily used in the production of upholstered furniture. The company competes in a fashion-driven business, and we strive to differentiate ourselves by placing a sustained focus on product innovation and creativity. In addition, Culp places great emphasis on providing excellent and dependable service to our customers. Our focused efforts to protect our financial strength have allowed us to maintain our position as a financially stable and trusted supplier of innovative fabrics to bedding and furniture manufacturers.

We believe Culp is the largest producer of mattress fabrics in North America and one of the largest marketers of upholstery fabrics for furniture in North America, measured by total sales. Following the sale of our ownership interest in eLuxury during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, which resulted in the elimination of our home accessories segment, we now have two operating segments — mattress fabrics and upholstery fabrics. The mattress fabrics business markets primarily knitted and woven fabrics, as well as sewn covers made from those fabrics, which are used in the production of bedding products, including mattresses, foundations, and mattress sets. The upholstery fabrics business markets a variety of fabric products that are used principally in the production of residential and commercial upholstered furniture, including sofas, recliners, chairs, loveseats, sectionals, sofa-beds, and office seating, as well as window treatment products and installation services for customers in the hospitality and commercial industries.

Culp markets a variety of fabrics and other products in different categories to a global customer base, including fabrics produced at our manufacturing facilities and fabrics produced by other suppliers. As of the end of fiscal 2020, we had active production facilities located in North Carolina; Tennessee; Quebec, Canada; Shanghai, China; and a joint venture facility in Haiti. We also source fabrics and cut and sewn kits from other manufacturers, located primarily in China, Vietnam, and Turkey, with most all of these products made specifically for Culp and created by Culp designers. We also operate distribution centers in North Carolina, Canada, China, and Haiti to facilitate distribution of our fabric products, with additional distribution capabilities through strategic relationships in Vietnam.

Over the past decade, the portion of total company sales represented by fabrics produced outside of the U.S. and Canada has increased, while sales of goods produced in the U.S. have decreased. This trend is related primarily to the upholstery fabrics segment, where, following the closure of our manufacturing facility in Anderson, South Carolina, during the second quarter of fiscal 2019, substantially all of our sales now consist of fabrics produced in Asia. The mattress fabrics business remains mostly based in North America.

Total net sales in fiscal 2020 were $256.2 million. The mattress fabrics segment had net sales of $131.4 million (51% of total net sales), and the upholstery fabrics segment had net sales of $124.8 million (49% of total net sales). Sales declined materially in both business segments during fiscal 2020 compared to fiscal 2019 due primarily to the severe disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly affected our operations late in the fiscal year. The impact of the pandemic began to materialize in the second half of March, with a rapid drop in demand as retail home furnishing stores closed and customers shut down or substantially limited their operations for several weeks. Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, the mattress fabrics segment was also affected by the continued disruption relating to low-priced mattress imports that moved from China to other countries, which disrupted the domestic bedding industry and reduced demand for our mattress fabrics and sewn covers. In addition, during the first half of the year, the upholstery fabrics segment was affected by the soft retail environment for residential furniture and ongoing issues surrounding international trade agreements and associated tariffs.

Overall, Culp faced a difficult business environment during fiscal 2020, particularly with the significant disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic during the fourth quarter. This followed a year of challenging business conditions during fiscal 2019 as well, particularly for our mattress fabrics segment, due to the influx of low-priced mattress imports from China, as well as customer and retail disruption for certain of our core customers. Despite these challenges, both the mattress fabrics segment and upholstery fabrics segment have continued to execute our product-driven strategy and focus on innovation and design creativity. We have also continued building upon strategic initiatives and structural changes that were implemented over the last several years to consolidate and streamline operations, while adding capacity where necessary.

2

Additional information about trends and developments in each of our business segments is provided in the “Segments” discussion below, as well as in our “Management’s Discussion and Analysis” in Part II, Section 7 of this report.

Recent Developments

In December 2019, a novel COVID-19 virus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China. In January 2020, the virus began to spread to other countries and in February, China extended its Chinese New Year holiday shutdowns for an additional week and implemented reopening measures to help reduce the spread of the virus. While our China facilities resumed operations in mid-February, some of our suppliers in China did not resume full operation until the beginning of March.

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak to be a global pandemic. This declaration, along with the continued spread of the disease to other countries, including the United States and other countries in which we operate, prompted federal, state, and local governments throughout the world to take a variety of actions to mitigate the spread of the virus, including travel restrictions, stay-at-home orders, temporary quarantines, restrictions on public gatherings, social distancing measures, mandated closures of non-essential businesses, occupancy limits, and other safety measures.

In mid-March, we experienced a rapid drop in demand as customers and retail home furnishings stores began closing or substantially limiting their operations. Due to government-mandated closure requirements near the end of March, we shut down our facilities in Canada and Haiti for several weeks.

In response to this significant disruption and economic uncertainty, we took several proactive measures to maintain liquidity during the crisis. On March 27, 2020, we amended our existing domestic revolving credit facility to increase the borrowing limit to $30 million, decrease the minimum liquidity level, and extend the expiration date to August 15, 2022. We also drew down a total of $31 million under our domestic and China credit facilities as a precautionary measure to increase financial flexibility.  

On March 31, 2020, we completed the strategic sale of our majority interest in eLuxury, an online retailer of bedding accessories and home goods that we acquired on June 22, 2018. This investment, which was reported under our now-discontinued home accessories segment, provided a new sales channel and an expanded addressable market for finished products. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, we were focused on expanding eLuxury’s sales channels to reach business retailers and new online marketplaces. However, due to the unprecedented market conditions and uncertainty arising from the outbreak, we sold our ownership interest in eLuxury to its minority owner in order to focus on our core mattress and upholstery fabrics business segments and increase liquidity during the tumultuous environment. We expect to maintain a strong working relationship with eLuxury going forward through supply and royalty arrangements designed to preserve an additional sales channel for our core products and support eLuxury’s ongoing business-to-business growth strategy.

Also in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented a number of measures to manage our liquidity and reduce costs, including, among other things, repurposing a portion of our available operations to produce face masks, bedding covers, and fabrics for healthcare operations and consumer health; reducing operating costs by implementing temporary salary reductions, making workforce adjustments to align with demand, suspending merit pay increases, and eliminating the cash compensation paid to our board of directors; aggressively reducing expenses, capital expenditures, and discretionary spending; working with our vendors and landlords to negotiate temporary terms; and temporarily suspending our share repurchase program. In addition, we have taken steps to help mitigate the risk of COVID-19 to our employees, including implementing detailed cleaning and disinfecting processes at our facilities, instituting temperature checks, adhering to social distancing protocols, suspending non-essential travel, restricting visitors, and providing remote work opportunities where possible.  

Together, these actions have helped us mitigate the financial impact of lower industry demand and shutdowns as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. While the ongoing effects and duration of the pandemic remain unknown, we are encouraged by improving business conditions and a better-than-expected increase in demand as customers and retail stores have started to reopen in the first quarter of fiscal 2021.

General Information

Culp, Inc. was organized as a North Carolina corporation in 1972 and made its initial public offering in 1983. Since 1997, our stock has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange and traded under the symbol “CFI” until July 13, 2017, at which time the Company’s ticker symbol changed to “CULP.” Our fiscal year is the 52- or 53-week period ending on the Sunday closest to April 30. Our executive offices are located in High Point, North Carolina.

Culp maintains an internet website at www.culp.com. We will make this annual report and our other annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to these reports available free of charge on our internet site as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Copies of any materials we file or furnish with the SEC can also be obtained free of charge through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. The information included on our website is not incorporated by reference into this annual report or any other reports we file with, or furnish to, the SEC.

3

Segments

Following the sale of our ownership interest in eLuxury on March 31, 2020, which resulted in the elimination of our home accessories segment, our two continuing operating segments are mattress fabrics and upholstery fabrics. The following table sets forth certain information for each of our segments.

Additional financial information about our operating segments can be found in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this report.

Mattress Fabrics. The mattress fabrics segment, also known as Culp Home Fashions, manufactures and markets mattress fabrics and sewn mattress covers to bedding manufacturers. These products include woven jacquard fabrics, knitted fabrics, and some converted fabrics. Culp Home Fashions has manufacturing facilities located in Stokesdale and High Point, North Carolina, and St. Jerome, Quebec, Canada. The division also sources products internally from Culp China, which is operated by our upholstery fabrics division, as well as from a supplier in Turkey, based on our own designs and production schedule. Additionally, Culp Home Fashions has a joint venture mattress cover facility in Haiti and utilizes our Culp China platform for the production of sewn mattress covers. Knitted fabrics are produced at both the Stokesdale and St. Jerome facilities, while jacquard (damask) fabric is now produced solely at the St. Jerome facility following consolidation of our weaving operations during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019. The majority of our finishing and inspection processes for mattress fabrics are conducted at the Stokesdale plant, while the St. Jerome plant provides additional capacity and a second location for these processes. Both of these facilities now offer finished goods distribution capabilities, and the Stokesdale plant continues to house the division offices.

Culp Home Fashions had capital expenditures totaling $71 million during the past ten years, with especially high spending levels during fiscal 2015 through fiscal 2018.  These expenditures provided for increased knit machine capacity, faster and more efficient weaving machines, and the initial capital required for our sewn cover business, while also allowing us to maintain our leading-edge technology through modernization and expansion projects. These capital expenditures also provided high technology finishing equipment for woven and knitted fabric and a much-improved U.S. platform for warehousing and distribution, along with a new distribution facility in Canada.

Asset acquisition transactions in fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2014 allowed us to enhance and secure our competitive position and to expand our mattress fabrics business. Taken together, the two transactions allowed us to secure our supply for knitted mattress fabrics, an important and growing product category, while also gaining control of product development and improving customer service. In addition to these transactions, we have continued to make further investments in knitting machines and finishing equipment, increasing our internal production capacity.

Our sewn mattress cover operation, established during fiscal 2013 and owned by Culp, has a manufacturing plant in High Point, North Carolina. This facility is leased by the company, and its operation involves a limited capital investment in equipment. The business participates in a joint marketing arrangement for the production and marketing of sewn mattress covers with A. Lava & Son Co. of Chicago, a leading provider of mattress covers. The marketing venture is known as Culp-Lava Applied Sewn Solutions (CLASS). In fiscal 2017, in response to continued growth in mattress cover demand, we entered into a joint venture with A Lava to construct a second location for our CLASS operations in Haiti, and that joint-venture facility began production of mattress covers for CLASS during the second quarter of fiscal 2018. We commenced an expansion of this Haiti facility during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, which is expected to be completed during the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and will provide additional capacity and enhance our ability to produce sewn covers. We also utilize our Culp China platform, operated by our upholstery fabrics division, to manufacture sewn mattress covers for CLASS and to source sewn covers from third-party suppliers in Asia. These three manufacturing locations in North Carolina, Haiti, and China give us repetitive production capabilities and allow us greater flexibility in meeting demand for mattress covers from bedding producers.

4

As noted above, fiscal 2018 marked the completion of several multi-year capital projects for the mattress fabrics business, including consolidating certain operations, expanding capacity, improving efficiency and customer service, and maintaining our flexible approach to fabric sourcing. In fiscal 2019, we continued these initiatives by consolidating our weaving operations to one facility, our plant in Quebec, Canada, and expanding production of our CLASS sewn mattress covers in Haiti and China to meet customer demand in the growing boxed bedding market. Additionally, we continued to expand our design capabilities in fiscal 2019, launching new software and a library system for cataloguing our products to drive marketing and enhance innovation. In fiscal 2020, we further enhanced our design and innovation platform by establishing a dedicated innovation team to develop and offer the latest technologies and forward-looking products, expanding our creative team to complement our innovation strategy, and releasing a new digital library, design simulations, and 3D image rendering capabilities to showcase our designs and marketing tools. We were able to leverage these new technologies during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, in the face of COVID-19-related travel restrictions and cancelled tradeshows, to continue showcasing our products and support our customers through virtual design collaboration.

After eight consecutive years of growth, sales declined in fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2020. The decline in fiscal 2019 was mainly attributable to the acceleration of low-priced mattress imports from China towards the end of fiscal 2018 and through the first three quarters of fiscal 2019, together with the increased acceptance by consumers of roll-packed/boxed bedding delivered through major online e-commerce channels. This disrupted the U.S. bedding industry and resulted in a decline in sales for domestic bedding manufacturers, which affected our business as a supplier to those manufacturers. Fiscal 2019 was also affected by major customer and retail disruption for certain of our core customers. The decline in fiscal 2020 was primarily due to the significant disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic during the fourth quarter, which has traditionally experienced higher sales for the mattress fabrics segment due to early spring seasonality trends. We experienced a rapid drop in demand beginning in mid-March, as customers and retail mattress stores began closing or substantially limiting their operations. Due to the government-mandated closure requirements near the end of March, we shut down our facilities in Canada and Haiti for several weeks. At the same time, we responded to these challenging conditions by reducing production schedules and furloughing workers to align with the severely reduced demand, while aggressively cutting costs, delaying non-essential capital expenditures, and reducing inventory. We also repurposed a portion of our available operations to produce face masks, bedding covers, and fabrics for healthcare operations and consumer health. This allowed us to support much-needed relief efforts as an essential business and keep as many workers as possible employed.

Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, our results for fiscal 2020 were also affected by continued disruption in the domestic mattress industry relating to low-priced mattress imports that moved from China to other countries. We believe our global platform for fabric and covers in Haiti and Asia has us well positioned to capture market share with imported mattresses if and when business conditions normalize from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. We are also encouraged by the recent anti-dumping duty petitions filed with the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) and U.S. Department of Commerce against seven countries for engaging in unfair trade practices relating to low-priced mattress imports, as well as the ITC’s preliminary determination allowing these petitions to move forward.  If successful, we believe the proposed relief being sought will benefit the domestic mattress industry.

Despite the challenging market conditions during fiscal 2019 and 2020, we believe our success over the longer term is due to our focus on creative designs and product innovation, service and delivery performance, and our flexible, global platform that allows us to meet changing customer demands.

Upholstery Fabrics. The upholstery fabrics segment markets fabrics for residential and commercial furniture, including jacquard woven fabrics, velvets, micro denier suedes, woven dobbies, knitted fabrics, piece-dyed woven products, and polyurethane “leather look” fabrics. With the acquisition of Read Window Products at the end of fiscal 2018, this segment also markets window treatment products and installation services, including roller shades, drapery, hardware, and top-of-mattress soft goods, for customers in the hospitality and commercial industries.

Following the closure of our manufacturing facility in Anderson, South Carolina, during the second quarter of fiscal 2019, this segment currently operates two manufacturing facilities in Shanghai, China. We market cut and sewn fabric kits produced in these locations, as well as a variety of upholstery fabrics and cut and sewn kits sourced from third party producers, mostly in China and Vietnam. Following the closure of our SC facility, sales of non-U.S. produced upholstery accounted for substantially all of our upholstery fabric sales. Our China facilities in Shanghai include production of cut and sewn “kits” made to specifications of furniture manufacturing customers using sourced fabrics, as well as design, finishing, warehousing, quality control, and inspection operations. We continue to expand our marketing efforts to sell our upholstery fabrics products in countries other than the U.S., including the Chinese local market. Additionally, we fabricate a variety of window treatments, using mostly customer-supplied fabrics and materials, at our facility in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Our upholstery fabrics business has moved from one that relied on a large fixed capital base that is difficult to adjust to a more flexible and scalable marketer of upholstery fabrics that meets changing levels of customer demand and tastes. At the same time, we have maintained control of the most important “value added” aspects of our business, such as design, finishing, quality control, and logistics. This strategic approach has allowed us to limit our investment of capital in fixed assets and control the costs of our products, while continuing to leverage our design and finishing expertise, industry knowledge, and important relationships.

5

After six consecutive years of sales growth, sales declined in fiscal 2016 and 2017, mainly as a result of a weaker demand environment for upholstered furniture, before increasing by 10% in fiscal 2018 and 3.5% in fiscal 2019. However, sales declined in fiscal 2020 due to the severe disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic during the fourth quarter, which began with limited disruption from government-mandated closure requirements in China and re-opening protocols that affected the start-up of some of our China suppliers during the month of February, as well as the more significant widespread disruption from the shutdowns of our customers and home furnishings retail stores in the U.S. beginning in mid-March. Prior to this disruption, we were experiencing a solid year of annual sales, despite the soft retail environment for residential furniture and ongoing issues surrounding international trade agreements and associated tariffs during the first half of the year. Our line of LiveSmart® performance fabrics remained popular with both existing and new residential furniture customers, and our new LiveSmart Evolve™ line of sustainability fabrics, which features the use of recycled fibers along with the same stain-resistant performance, continued to be well received. We also experienced continued growth in our hospitality business during the year, including a meaningful contribution from Read Window Products. We believe our success over the longer term is due largely to a business strategy that has included: 1) innovation in a low-cost environment, 2) speed-to-market execution, 3) consistent quality, 4) reliable service and lead times, and 5) increased recognition of and reliance on the Culp brand.

Our progress has been achieved through a unique business model that has enabled the upholstery fabrics segment to execute a strategy that we believe is clearly differentiated from our competitors. In this way, we have maintained our ability to provide furniture manufacturers with products from every category of fabric for upholstered furniture and meet continually changing demand levels and consumer preferences. In recent years, we have implemented additional steps to grow net sales, including an emphasis on markets beyond residential furniture, such as the hospitality market. One result of these efforts was the acquisition of Read Window Products at the end of fiscal 2018, representing a significant expansion of our production capabilities in the hospitality market, along with the addition of window treatment installation services.

Overview of Industry and Markets

Culp markets products primarily to manufacturers and hospitality customers in three principal markets. The mattress fabrics segment supplies the bedding industry, which produces mattress sets (mattresses, box springs, foundations and top of bed components) and bedding accessory products. The upholstery fabrics segment primarily supplies the residential furniture industry and, to a lesser extent, the commercial furniture industry. The residential furniture market includes upholstered furniture sold to consumers for household use, including sofas, sofa-beds, chairs, recliners, and sectionals. The commercial furniture, fabrics, and window treatments market includes fabrics and window treatment products used in the hospitality industry (primarily hotels and motels); fabrics used for upholstered office seating and modular office systems sold primarily for use in offices and other institutional settings, as well as commercial textile wall coverings; and window treatments for commercial application. The principal industries into which the company sells products – the bedding industry and residential and commercial furniture industry – are described in more detail below. Currently, a great majority of our products are sold to manufacturers for end use in the U.S., and thus the discussions below are focused on that market.

Overview of Bedding Industry

The bedding industry has contracted and expanded in recent years in accordance with the general economy, although traditionally the industry has been relatively mature and stable. This is due in part to the fact that a majority of bedding industry sales are replacement purchases, which are less volatile than sales based on economic growth and new household formations. Until recently, the U.S. bedding industry has largely remained a North American-based business, with limited competition from imports. This dynamic has mainly been due to short lead times demanded by mattress manufacturers and retailers, the customized nature of product lines, the relatively low direct labor content in mattresses, and strong brand recognition. Imports of bedding into the U.S. had been increasing gradually in recent years, but this trend significantly accelerated over the past three years, especially for lower-priced bedding. During fiscal 2018 and 2019, China accounted for the largest share of the imported units, but the level of mattress imports entering the U.S. from China began to substantially decline beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 in connection with punitive anti-dumping duties imposed by the U.S. Department of Commerce. However, the level of mattress imports from other countries, including Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Turkey, among others, significantly increased during fiscal 2020 as imports from China declined. The result of the increase in imports over the past three years has been a decline in sales for the major U.S. bedding manufacturers, which has affected major suppliers to those manufacturers, including Culp.

As a result of the continued significant influx of low-priced imports that moved from China to other countries, anti-dumping duty petitions were filed with the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) and U.S. Department of Commerce in March of 2020 against seven countries, including Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Serbia, Thailand, Turkey, and Vietnam, for engaging in unfair trade practices relating to low-priced mattress imports. A countervailing duty petition was also filed against mattresses imported from China. On May 14, 2020, the ITC issued a preliminary determination finding a reasonable indication that the U.S. mattress industry had been materially injured by unfairly traded mattress imports from these countries, and the ITC allowed these petitions to move forward. If successful, we believe the proposed relief being sought under these petitions will benefit the domestic mattress industry and, in turn, our business.

6

A key trend driving the bedding industry is the increased demand for roll-packed/compressed mattresses in both online and traditional sales channels, as consumer acceptance of boxed beds as a delivery mechanism continues to drive growth and increase market share for this product, increasing potential demand for sewn mattress covers. Another important trend is the increased awareness among consumers about the health benefits of better sleep, with an increased focus on the quality of bedding products and an apparent willingness on the part of consumers to upgrade their bedding. A further trend is the strong and growing emphasis on the design knitted or woven into mattress fabrics to appeal to the customer’s visual attraction and perceived value of the mattress on the retail floor. Mattress fabric design efforts are based on current trends in home decor and fashion. Additionally, the growth in non- traditional sources for retail mattress sales, such as online e-commerce channels and wholesale warehouse clubs, has the potential to increase overall consumption of goods due to convenience and high traffic volume, which in turn results in higher turnover of product. Among fabric types, knitted fabrics have continued to increase in popularity. Knitted fabric was initially used primarily on premium mattresses, but these products are now being placed increasingly on mattresses at mid-range to lower retail price points.

Overview of Residential and Commercial Furniture Industry

Overall demand for our products depends upon consumer demand for furniture and bedding products, which is subject to variations in the general economy, including the current and evolving negative economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Because purchases of furniture and bedding products are discretionary purchases for most individuals and businesses, demand for these products may be more easily influenced by economic trends than demand for other products. Economic downturns, increases in unemployment rates, and uncertainty about future health and economic prospects can affect consumer spending habits and demand for home furnishings, which reduces the demand for our products and therefore can cause a decline in our sales and earnings.

Sales of residential and commercial furniture are affected by variations in the global economy, including economic downturns, increases in unemployment rates, and uncertainty about future health and economic prospects. These market conditions, as well as the pace of recovery from these conditions, have been uneven in recent years. In general, sales of residential furniture are influenced significantly by the housing industry and by trends in home sales and household formations, while demand for commercial furniture generally reflects economic trends affecting businesses.

The sourcing of components and fully assembled furniture from overseas continues to play a major role in the furniture industry. By far, the largest source for these imports continues to be China. Imports of upholstery fabric, both in roll and in “kit” form, have also had a significant impact on the market for upholstery fabrics in recent years. Fabrics entering the U.S. from China and other low labor cost countries have resulted in increased price competition in the upholstery fabric and upholstered furniture markets.

In general, the residential furniture industry has been consolidating for several years. The result of this trend is fewer, but larger, customers for marketers of upholstery fabrics. Intense price competition continues to be an important consideration for both residential and commercial furniture.

Additionally, with the ongoing global trade dispute between the U.S. and China, including the imposition of tariffs during fiscal 2019 and the possibility for additional tariffs on China imports, some customers began altering their supply chains away from China in late fiscal 2019, and this trend continued in fiscal 2020.

Products

As described above, our products include mattress fabrics and upholstery fabrics, which are our two identified operating segments. These fabrics are sold in roll form and as sewn mattress covers by the mattress fabrics segment, and in roll form and as cut and sewn kits by the upholstery fabrics segment.  Additionally, with the acquisition of Read Window Products, our upholstery segment products also include window treatments and related products. 

Mattress Fabrics Segment

Mattress fabrics segment sales constituted 51% of our total net sales for fiscal 2020, compared with 52% for fiscal 2019.  The company has emphasized fabrics that have broad appeal at prices generally ranging from $1.50 to more than $10.00 per yard.

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

Upholstery fabrics segment sales totaled 49% of our sales for fiscal 2020, compared with 48% of for fiscal 2019. The company has emphasized fabrics that have broad appeal at “good” and “better” prices, generally ranging from $3.00 to $12.00 per yard.

Culp Product Categories by Segment

We market products in most categories of fabric that manufacturers currently use for bedding and furniture. Additionally, with the acquisition of Read Window Products, we also market window treatment products to customers in the hospitality and commercial industries.  The following table indicates the product lines within each segment, and, with respect to the fabric products, a brief description of their characteristics.

7

Mattress Fabrics

Upholstery Fabrics

With the acquisition of Read Window Products at the end of fiscal 2018, the upholstery fabrics business also markets a variety of window treatment products and installation services for customers in the hospitality and commercial industries.  These products include roller & solar shades, drapery, roman shades and top treatments, hardware products, and soft goods such as duvet covers, bed skirts, bolsters and pillows.

Manufacturing and Sourcing

Mattress Fabrics Segment

Our mattress fabrics segment operates four manufacturing plants, with two located in North Carolina, one in St. Jerome, Quebec, Canada and a joint venture facility in Haiti.  Over the past ten fiscal years, we made capital expenditures of approximately $71 million to consolidate our production facilities and to modernize both knit and weaving equipment, enhance and provide knit and woven finishing capabilities, and expand capacity. The result has been an increase in manufacturing efficiency and reductions in operating costs, as well as expanded product offerings and capacity.

8

Knitted fabrics are produced at both our Stokesdale facility and our St. Jerome plant, while production of jacquard mattress fabrics was consolidated into the St. Jerome facility during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019. The majority of our finishing and inspection processes for mattress fabrics are conducted at the Stokesdale plant, with the St. Jerome plant providing additional capacity and a second location for these processes, along with distribution capabilities. We produce sewn mattress covers at our manufacturing facility in High Point, North Carolina, at our joint venture facility in Haiti, and at the manufacturing facilities of our Culp China platform in China. Our sewn cover operation participates in a joint marketing arrangement for the production and marketing of sewn mattress covers with A. Lava & Son Co. of Chicago, a leading provider of mattress covers. This marketing venture is known as Culp-Lava Applied Sewn Solutions (CLASS). Our High Point facility for production of sewn covers is a leased space with limited capital investment in equipment. In fiscal 2017, we entered into a 50/50 joint venture with A. Lava to construct a second location for our CLASS operations in Haiti, and this joint venture facility began production of mattress covers for CLASS during the second quarter of fiscal 2018. We commenced an expansion of this Haiti facility during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, which is expected to be completed during the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and will provide additional capacity and enhance our ability to produce sewn covers. Additionally, we utilize the company’s Culp China platform, operated by our upholstery fabrics division, to manufacture sewn mattress covers. These three manufacturing locations give us repetitive production capabilities and allow us greater flexibility in meeting demand for mattress covers from bedding producers.

In addition to the mattress fabrics and sewn covers manufactured by Culp, we have important supply arrangements in place that allow us to source mattress fabric and sewn covers from strategic suppliers. We source some Culp-designed knitted fabrics, certain converted fabric products, and sewn mattress covers using our Culp China platform. We also source Culp-designed sewn mattress covers from a strategic supply relationship in Vietnam. Additionally, we source a portion of our woven jacquard fabric and knitted fabric, which is obtained from a supplier located in Turkey, based on designs and a production schedule created by Culp.

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

The upholstery fabrics segment currently operates two manufacturing facilities in China.  During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we closed our U.S. plant located in Anderson, South Carolina, which mainly produced velvet upholstery fabrics with some production of certain decorative fabrics. Additionally, we fabricate a variety of window treatments, using mostly customer-supplied fabrics and materials, at our Read Window Products facility in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Our upholstery fabrics facilities in China are all located within the same industrial area in Shanghai. At these facilities, we apply value-added finishing processes to fabrics sourced from a limited number of strategic suppliers in China, and we inspect sourced fabric there as well. In addition, the Shanghai operations include facilities where sourced fabric is cut and sewn to provide “kits” that are designed to be placed on specific furniture frames designated by our customers.

A large portion of our upholstery fabric products, as well as certain elements of our production processes, are being sourced from outside suppliers. Our facilities in China provide a base from which to access a variety of products, including certain fabrics (such as micro denier suedes and polyurethane fabrics) that are not produced anywhere within the U.S. We have found opportunities to develop significant relationships with key overseas suppliers in China that allow us to source products on a cost-effective basis, while limiting our investment of capital in manufacturing assets. We source unfinished and finished fabrics, as well as a portion of our cut and sewn kits, from a limited number of strategic suppliers in China who are willing to commit significant capacity to meet our needs while working with our product development team located in China to meet the demands of our customers.  Beginning in late fiscal 2019, we also developed strategic supplier relationships in Vietnam for additional sourcing of our cut and sewn kits, which has allowed us to begin adjusting our supply chains to meet customer demands in conjunction with ongoing trade disputes between the U.S. and China. The majority of upholstery fabrics and materials used by our Read Window Products business to fabricate window treatments are customer-supplied. These materials are generally sourced by customers, and we also source a portion of other window treatment products such as hardware and roller shades, from outside suppliers in the U.S., Turkey, and China.

Product Design and Styling

Consumer tastes and preferences related to bedding, upholstered furniture, and window treatment products change over time. The use of new fabrics and creative designs remains an important consideration for manufacturers and marketers to distinguish their products at retail and to capitalize on changes in preferred colors, patterns, and textures. Culp’s success is largely dependent on our ability to market fabrics and products with appealing designs and patterns. The process of developing new designs involves maintaining an awareness of broad fashion and color trends both in the United States and internationally.

9

Mattress Fabrics Segment

Design innovation is a very important element of producing mattress fabrics. We invest significant resources to stay ahead of current design trends, including maintaining a trained and active design and innovation staff, investing in research and development activities such as participation in international design shows, and implementing systems for creating, cataloguing, and simulating new designs. Price point delineation for our fabrics and our customers’ finished mattress products is accomplished through fabric quality as well as variation in design. Consumers are drawn to the mattress that is the most visually appealing when walking into a retail showroom, so this design variation, together with price point delineation, helps our customers merchandise different looks at various price points. Fiber differentiation also plays an important part in design. For example, rayon, organic cotton, and other special fibers, including recycled fibers promoting sustainability and fibers with cooling properties, are incorporated into the design process to allow the retailer to offer consumers additional benefits related to their sleeping experience. Similarly, many fabrics contain special production finishes that enhance fabric performance.

Mattress fabric designs are not routinely introduced on a scheduled season. Designs are typically introduced upon the request of the customer as they plan introductions to retailers. Additionally, we work closely with our customers on new design offerings around the major furniture markets such as Las Vegas, Nevada, and High Point, North Carolina.

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

The company has developed an upholstery fabrics design and product development team (with staff located in the U.S. and in China) with a primary focus on value in designing body cloths, while promoting style leadership with pillow fabrics and color. Our design staff travels regularly to international trade and design shows to maintain familiarity with current design and fashion trends. The team searches continually for new ideas and for the best sources of raw materials, yarns, and fabrics, utilizing a supply network located mostly in China. Using these design elements, they develop product offerings using ideas and materials that take both fashion trends and cost considerations into account to offer products designed to meet the needs of furniture manufacturers and ultimately the desires of consumers.

Upholstery fabric designs are introduced at major fabric trade conferences that occur twice a year in the United States (June and December). In recent years we have become more aggressive in registering copyrights for popular fabric patterns and taking steps to discourage the illegal copying of our proprietary designs.

Distribution

Mattress Fabrics Segment

Most of our mattress fabrics shipments originate from our facilities in Stokesdale, North Carolina, and we have additional distribution capabilities in Canada, China, and Haiti. Through arrangements with major customers and in accordance with industry practice, we maintain a significant inventory of mattress fabrics at our distribution facility in Stokesdale (“make to stock”), so that products may be shipped to customers with short lead times and on a “just in time” basis.

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

Most of our upholstery fabrics are marketed on a “make to order” basis and are shipped directly from our distribution facilities in Burlington, North Carolina, and Shanghai, China, and we have additional distribution capabilities in Vietnam. In addition to “make to order” distribution, an inventory of a limited number of fabric patterns is held at our distribution facilities in Burlington and Shanghai from which our customers can obtain quick delivery of sourced fabrics through a program known as “Culp Express.” We also have distribution capabilities for our “Culp Express” program to local customers in Canada through our mattress fabrics distribution facility in Quebec, Canada. Window treatment products sold through our Read Window Products business are done on a “job order” basis, with manufactured products shipped directly from our manufacturing facility in Knoxville, Tennessee to the job installation site.  

Sources and Availability of Raw Materials

Mattress Fabrics Segment

Raw materials account for approximately 60%-70% of mattress fabric production costs. The mattress fabrics segment purchases primarily synthetic yarns (polyester, polypropylene, and rayon), certain greige (unfinished) goods, latex adhesives, laminates, dyes, and other chemicals. Most of these materials are available from several suppliers, and prices fluctuate based on supply and demand, the general rate of inflation, and particularly on the price of petrochemical products. The mattress fabrics segment has generally not had significant difficulty in obtaining raw materials.

10

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

Raw materials account for approximately 60%-70% of upholstery fabric manufacturing costs for products the company manufactures. Prior to closure of the Anderson, South Carolina, facility during the second quarter of fiscal 2019, this segment purchased synthetic yarns (polyester, acrylic, rayon, and polypropylene), latex adhesives, dyes, and other chemicals from various suppliers. Following the closure, we ceased purchases of synthetic yarns and dyes, although these raw materials remain important to our suppliers of finished and unfinished fabrics.

Increased reliance by both our U.S. and China upholstery operations on outside suppliers for basic production needs such as base fabrics, yarns, and finishing services has caused the upholstery fabrics segment to become more vulnerable to price increases, delays, or production interruptions caused by problems within businesses that we do not control.

Both Segments

Many of our basic raw materials are petrochemical products or are produced from such products. For this reason, our raw material costs can be sensitive to changes in prices for petrochemicals and the underlying price of oil. From fiscal 2015 and continuing into fiscal 2018, our profitability was aided by lower raw material prices due to lower oil prices, among other factors. Later in fiscal 2018, we began to experience higher raw material prices. We had a significant escalation of polyester prices due to a global shortage of certain components during the second and third quarters of fiscal 2019, after which these prices stabilized and returned to pre-escalation levels. Our raw material costs were lower in fiscal 2020 compared to the prior year. As we begin fiscal 2021, we expect the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will result in raw material prices that are flat or slightly down in the short term, but prices may gradually increase as market conditions normalize.

Seasonality

Overall, we believe demand for our products depends upon consumer demand for furniture and bedding products, which reflects sensitivity to overall economic conditions, including consumer confidence, unemployment rates, and housing market conditions. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, the bedding and furniture industries, including manufacturers and retail stores, were adversely impacted by closures/restricted operations, supply chain disruption, and economic uncertainty due to the COVID-19 global pandemic. This impact is not reflective of any seasonal trends in the bedding or furniture industries and is not an indicator that seasonal trends are changing for our business segments.

Mattress Fabrics Segment

The mattress fabrics business and the bedding industry in general are slightly seasonal, with sales being the highest in early spring and late summer, with another peak in mid-winter.

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

The upholstery fabrics business today is less seasonal than it once was. In the past, seasonality resulted from one-week closings of our manufacturing facilities and the facilities of most of our customers in the U.S. during our first and third fiscal quarters for the holiday weeks of July 4th and Christmas. This effect has become much less pronounced as a larger portion of our fabrics are produced or sold in locations outside of the U.S. The timing of the Chinese National Holiday in October and, to a larger extent, the Chinese New Year (which occurs in January or February each year) now have a more significant impact on upholstery sales than the U.S. holiday periods, often causing sales to be higher in advance of these Chinese holiday periods and sometimes lower during or immediately following the same periods.

Competition

Competition for our products is high and is based primarily on price, design, quality, timing of delivery, and service.

Mattress Fabrics Segment

The mattress fabrics market is concentrated in a few relatively large suppliers, as well as some niche producers focusing mainly on knitted products. We believe our principal mattress fabric competitors are BekaertDeslee Textiles, Global Textile Alliance, and several smaller companies producing knitted fabrics, sewn covers, and other fabric. In addition, our bedding customers continue to face increasing competition from imports of finished beds, which indirectly compete with our mattress fabrics by replacing potential sales of our products to those customers.

11

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

In the upholstery fabrics market, we compete against a large number of companies, ranging from a few large manufacturers comparable in size to the company to small producers and converters (companies who buy and re-sell fabrics, but have no manufacturing). We believe our principal upholstery fabric competitors are Dorell Fabrics Co., Merrimack Fabrics, Morgan Fabrics, Richloom Fabrics, and Specialty Textile, Inc. (or STI), plus a large number of smaller competitors (both manufacturers and converters).

The trend in the upholstery fabrics industry to greater overseas competition and the entry of more converters has caused the upholstery fabrics industry to become substantially more fragmented in recent years, with lower barriers to entry. This has resulted in a larger number of competitors selling upholstery fabrics, with an increase in competition based on price.

Environmental and Other Regulations

We are subject to various federal and state laws and regulations, including the Occupational Safety and Health Act (“OSHA”) and federal and state environmental laws, as well as similar laws governing our manufacturing facilities in China and Canada. We periodically review our compliance with these laws and regulations in an attempt to minimize the risk of violations.

Our operations involve a variety of materials and processes that are subject to environmental regulation. Under current law, environmental liability can arise from previously owned properties, leased properties, and properties owned by third parties, as well as from properties currently owned and leased by the company. Environmental liabilities can also be asserted by adjacent landowners or other third parties in toxic tort litigation.

In addition, under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended (“CERCLA”), and analogous state statutes, liability can be imposed for the disposal of waste at sites targeted for cleanup by federal and state regulatory authorities. Liability under CERCLA is strict as well as joint and several.

The U.S. Congress is considering legislation to address climate change that is intended to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide. In addition, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has made a determination that greenhouse gas emissions may be a threat to human health and the environment. International agreements may also result in new regulations on greenhouse gas emissions. It is uncertain if, when, and in what form, a mandatory carbon dioxide emissions reduction program may be enacted either through legislation or regulation. However, if enacted, this type of program could materially increase our operating costs, including costs of raw materials, transportation, and electricity. It is difficult to predict the extent to which any new rules or regulations would affect our business, but we would expect the effect on our operations to be similar to that for other manufacturers, particularly those in our industry.

We are periodically involved in environmental claims or litigation and requests for information from environmental regulators. Each of these matters is carefully evaluated, and the company provides for environmental matters based on information presently available. Based on this information, we do not currently believe that environmental matters will have a material adverse effect on either the company’s financial condition or results of operations. However, there can be no assurance that the costs associated with environmental matters will not increase in the future.

Employees

As of May 3, 2020, we had 1,399 employees, compared to 1,387 at April 28, 2019. Overall, our total number of employees has increased over the past five years primarily due to the growth in our mattress fabrics segment. The decrease in the number of employees in our upholstery fabrics segment in fiscal 2020, as compared to fiscal 2019, is associated with the transition of some of our China cut and sew production to our strategic supplier in Vietnam, while the decrease in the number of employees in fiscal 2019 as compared to fiscal 2018 is attributed to the closure of our Anderson, South Carolina, facility during the second quarter of fiscal 2019.

The hourly employees at our manufacturing facility in Canada (approximately 12% of the company’s workforce) are represented by a local, unaffiliated union. Although the collective bargaining agreement for these employees expired on February 1, 2020, we continue to operate under the terms of this agreement while negotiations are underway for a new agreement. Negotiations have been delayed in connection with disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic but are expected to resume during the first quarter of fiscal 2021. We are not aware of any efforts to organize any more of our employees, and we believe our relations with our employees are good.

12

The following table illustrates the changes in the location of our workforce and number of employees, as of year-end, over the past five fiscal years and excludes the effect of employees associated with discontinued operations.

Customers and Sales

Mattress Fabrics Segment

Major customers for our mattress fabrics include the leading bedding manufacturers: Serta-Simmons Bedding (SSB), Tempur + Sealy International (TSI), Corsicana Bedding, and Casper. Our largest customer in the mattress fabrics segment is Serta Simmons Holdings, LLC, accounting for approximately 13% of the company’s overall sales in fiscal 2020. These sales include sales to customers who are also subcontractors for Serta Simmons Holdings, LLC. Our mattress fabrics customers also include many small and medium-size bedding manufacturers.

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

Our major customers for upholstery fabrics are leading manufacturers of upholstered furniture, including Ashley, Flexsteel, Franklin Fusion, Kuka, La-Z-Boy (La-Z-Boy Residential and England), and Southern Motion.  Major customers for the company’s fabrics for commercial furniture include HNI Corporation and Wyndham Destinations. Our largest customer in the upholstery fabrics segment is La-Z-Boy Incorporated, which accounted for approximately 12% of the company’s consolidated sales in fiscal 2020.  

The following table sets forth our net sales by geographic area by amount and percentage of total net sales for the three most recent fiscal years.

Net Sales by Geographic Area

(dollars in thousands)

13

Sales are attributed to individual countries based upon the location that the company ships its products to for delivery to customers.

For additional segment information, including the geographic location of long-lived assets, see Note 21 in the consolidated financial statements.

Backlog

Mattress Fabrics Segment

The backlog for the mattress fabric segment is not a reliable predictor of future shipments because the majority of sales for the mattress fabrics segment are on a just-in-time basis.

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

Although it is difficult to predict the amount of backlog that is “firm,” we have reported the portion of the upholstery fabric backlog from customers with confirmed shipping dates within five weeks of the end of the fiscal year. On May 3, 2020, the portion of the upholstery fabric backlog with confirmed shipping dates prior to June 8, 2020 was $10.6 million, compared with $10.7 million as of the end of fiscal 2019 (for confirmed shipping dates prior to June 3, 2019). However, due to the disruption relating to the COVID-19 pandemic during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, many customers delayed shipments that were included in the backlog for the fiscal 2020 year, but there were only minimal cancellations of orders.

Intellectual Property

We currently hold, or have registration applications pending for, numerous trademarks and copyrights for various product and trade names, logos, and fabric designs in the United States and certain foreign countries. We view such intellectual property, along with any unregistered copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade names, domain names, trade dress, trade secrets, and proprietary technologies, as an important part of our business, and we seek to diligently protect, monitor, and defend, through appropriate action, against their unauthorized use.

14

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS

Our business is subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties. In addition to the matters described above under “Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Information,” set forth below are some of the risks and uncertainties that could cause a material adverse change in our results of operations or financial condition. The risks described below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or not presently deemed material by us also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations in future periods.

Macroeconomic, Market, and Strategic Risks

The ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic has significantly and adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, our business, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

The global spread of COVID-19 in recent months has negatively affected the global and U.S. economy, severely disrupted global supply chains, and created significant volatility and disruption in financial markets, all of which have negatively affected, and continue to negatively affect, the bedding and home furnishings industries, our customers and suppliers, and our business. Many countries, including the countries in which we operate, as well as state and local governmental authorities, have taken various actions to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, including travel restrictions, stay-at-home orders, restrictions on public gatherings, social distancing measures, mandated closures of non-essential businesses, occupancy limits, and other safety measures.

Due to government-mandated closure requirements near the end of March 2020, we shut down our facilities in Canada and Haiti for several weeks. At the same time, we experienced a rapid decline in demand as customers and retail stores began closing or substantially limiting their operations. We took a number of measures in response to the increasingly challenging market conditions, including, among other things, repurposing a portion of our available operations to produce face masks, bedding covers, and fabrics for healthcare operations and consumer health; reducing operating costs by implementing temporary salary reductions, making workforce adjustments to align with demand, suspending merit pay increases, and eliminating the cash compensation paid to our board of directors; aggressively reducing expenses, capital expenditures, and discretionary spending, and working with our vendors and landlords to negotiate temporary terms. We have also taken steps to mitigate the risk of COVID-19 to our employees, including implementing detailed cleaning and disinfecting processes at our facilities, instituting temperature checks, adhering to social distancing protocols, suspending non-essential travel, restricting visitors, and providing remote work opportunities where possible.  

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and any additional preventative or protective actions that governmental authorities or we may take in response to the pandemic may continue to have a material adverse effect on our business or the business of our customers, suppliers, or distribution channels, including additional business shutdowns, reduced operations, restrictions on shipping or installing products, reduced consumer demand, or the ability of our customers to make payments. In addition, preparing for and responding to the ongoing pandemic could divert management’s attention from our key strategic priorities, increase costs as we prioritize the health and safety of our employees and customers, cause us to reduce, delay, alter, or abandon strategic initiatives that may otherwise increase our long-term value, and otherwise continue to disrupt our business operations.  Also, while we believe the employee-safety measures we have implemented or others we may take in the future are temporary, they may continue until after the pandemic is contained and could amplify existing risks or introduce new risks that could adversely affect our business, including, but not limited to, risks related to internal controls and cybersecurity. Furthermore, these safety measures may not be successful in preventing the spread of the virus among our employees and we could face litigation or other claims related to unsafe working conditions, inadequate protection of our employees, or other similar or related claims. Any of these claims, even if without merit, could result in costly litigation or further divert management's attention and resources.

The ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve rapidly and depends on factors beyond our knowledge or control, including the duration and severity of the outbreak, actions taken to contain its spread and mitigate the public health and economic effects, and the short- and long-term disruption to the global economy, consumer confidence, unemployment, and the financial health of our customers, suppliers, and distribution channels. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business or on our future financial or operational results; however, the disruption could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows over time. Furthermore, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic may also exacerbate other risks discussed in this Item 1A – Risk Factors, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations.  

In addition, if in the future there is an outbreak of another highly infectious disease or other health concern or epidemic, we may be subject to similar risks as those currently posed by COVID-19.

15

Continued economic uncertainty could negatively affect our sales and earnings.

Overall demand for our products depends upon consumer demand for furniture and bedding products, which is subject to variations in the general economy, including the current and evolving negative economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Because purchases of furniture and bedding products are discretionary purchases for most individuals and businesses, demand for these products may be more easily influenced by economic trends than demand for other products. Economic downturns, increases in unemployment rates, and uncertainty about future health and economic prospects can affect consumer spending habits and demand for home furnishings, which reduces the demand for our products and therefore can cause a decline in our sales and earnings.  Continued economic uncertainty has caused a decrease in consumer spending and demand for home furnishings, including goods that incorporate our products.  If these conditions persist, including as a result of ongoing economic uncertainty in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, our business will be negatively affected.

Loss of market share due to competition would result in declines in sales and could result in losses or decreases in earnings.

Our business is highly competitive and fragmented, and we face significant competition from many competitors, both foreign and domestic. We compete with many other manufacturers of fabric, as well as converters who source fabrics from various producers and market them to manufacturers of furniture and bedding. In many cases, these fabrics are sourced from foreign suppliers who have a lower cost structure than the company. The highly competitive nature of our business in each of our segments means we are constantly subject to the risk of losing market share. As a result of increased competition, there have been deflationary pressures on the prices for many of our products, which make it more difficult to pass along increased operating costs such as raw materials, energy or labor in the form of price increases and puts downward pressure on our profit margins. Also, the wide range of product offerings in our business can make it more difficult to differentiate our products through design, styling, finish, and other techniques.

Our operations are subject to risks of unsettled political conditions, civil unrest or instability, public health concerns or pandemics, natural or man-made disasters, acts of war, and terrorism, any one of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Our domestic and foreign operations are subject to risks of unsettled political conditions, civil unrest of instability, public health concerns or pandemics, natural or man-made disasters, acts of war, and terrorism. Any of these risks could cause disruption at our manufacturing or distribution facilities, or at the facilities of our suppliers and distribution channels, which could make servicing our customers more difficult and could reduce our sales, earnings, or both in the future.

Operational Risks

Our business may be adversely affected by increased tariffs or other changes in U.S. policy related to imported products, as well as violations of existing trade policies.

Many of our products are manufactured or sourced outside of the United States. The U.S. government has compiled a list of products under consideration for potential tariffs on imports from many countries, including China, where a significant amount of our products are produced. Certain tariffs have been imposed, and negotiations continue regarding possible additional tariffs and other categories of products subject to the already-imposed tariffs. Any tariffs that result in increased costs of imported products and materials could require us to increase prices to our domestic customers or, if we are unable to do so, result in lowering our gross margins on products sold. As a result, the tariffs could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.  

In addition to recent announcements about tariffs, the U.S. government is considering other proposals for substantial changes to its trade and tax policies, which could include import restrictions, increased import tariffs, changes to or withdrawal from existing trade agreements, and border-adjustment taxes, among other possible measures. Material changes in these policies could increase our tax obligations or require us to increase prices to customers, which could adversely affect sales. Any significant change in U.S. policy related to imported products could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.

16

There are also a number of trade regulations and duties currently in place to protect the U.S. textile industry against competition from low-priced foreign producers, such as those in China and Vietnam, but violations of these trade regulations and duties has had, and may in the future have, a material adverse effect on our operations. In May of 2019, the U.S. Department of Commerce imposed punitive anti-dumping measures against China mattress imports to address violations of trade regulations. Despite the imposition of these duties, if China producers move their production out of China, which we believe has already started to occur, they may continue to engage in unfair competition in violation of trade regulations between the U.S. and other countries, or there may be a potential risk of illegal transshipments of mattress products into the United States, which involves circumventing the imposed duties by falsely claiming that mattresses are products of a particular country of origin to avoid paying higher duties. Also, if supply chains are moved out of China to countries without anti-dumping duties and producers continue to supply low-priced imports in violation of U.S. trade laws, and if illegal transshipments are not monitored and enforcement is not effective to limit them, these shipments could have a material adverse effect on the company’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. During fiscal 2020, the U.S. mattress industry was affected by continued disruption relating to low-priced mattress imports that moved from China to other countries, which affected demand for our products. Recent anti-dumping duty petitions have been filed with the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) and U.S. Department of Commerce against seven of these countries for engaging in unfair trade practices relating to low-priced mattress imports, and the ITC has reached a preliminary determination allowing these petitions to move forward. However, these petitions may be unsuccessful, or if successful, supply chains could then move out of the affected countries to other countries without anti-dumping duties and continue supplying low-priced imports in violation of U.S. trade laws.  

Finally, geo-political pressures associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may also introduce uncertainty into many markets, including with respect to tariffs and freight.

Greater reliance on offshore operations and foreign sources of products or raw materials increases the likelihood of disruptions to our supply chain or our ability to deliver products to our customers on a timely basis.

We rely significantly on operations in distant locations, especially China, and in addition we have been purchasing a significant share of our products and raw materials from offshore sources, particularly Asia and Turkey. At the same time, with the closure of our Anderson, South Carolina plant during the first half of fiscal 2019, our domestic manufacturing capacity for the upholstery fabrics segment continues to decline. These changes have caused us to rely on an extended supply chain and on a larger number of suppliers that we do not control, both of which are inherently subject to greater risks of delay or disruption. In addition, operations and sourcing in foreign areas are subject to the risk of changing local governmental rules, taxes, changes in import rules or customs, tariffs, shipping rates, potential political unrest and instability, or other threats that could disrupt or increase the costs of operating in foreign areas or sourcing products overseas. Changes in the value of the U.S. dollar versus other currencies can affect our financial results because a significant portion of our operations are located outside the United States. Strengthening of the U.S. dollar against other currencies can have a negative impact on our sales of products produced in those countries. Any of the risks associated with foreign operations and sources could cause unanticipated increases in operating costs or disruptions in business, which could negatively impact our ultimate financial results.

Our business faces several risks associated with doing business in China

We source a variety of fabrics from a limited number of strategic suppliers in China, and we operate two upholstery manufacturing facilities and one inspection facility in Shanghai, China. The Chinese economy is characterized by extensive state ownership, control, and regulation.  Therefore, our business is continually subject to the risk of changes in Chinese laws and regulations that could have an adverse effect on our suppliers and manufacturing operations. Any changes in policies governing tariffs, imports and exports, taxation, inflation, environmental regulations, foreign currency exchange rates, the labor market, property, and financial regulations could have an adverse effect on our business. Further, the Chinese legal system is continuing to develop and evolve, and the enforcement of rules and regulations is not always consistent or uniform. Moreover, any potential civil unrest, natural disasters, or other threats could disrupt or increase the costs of operating in China.  The Chinese economy poses additional risks to our business, including fluctuating rates of inflation and currency exchange rates, a declining labor force participation rate, and rising employee wages. In addition, changes in the political climate or trade policy of the United States, such as increased duties or tariffs on Chinese imports, may adversely affect our business, and geo-political pressures associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may also introduce additional uncertainty, including with respect to tariffs and freight. Any of the risks associated with our Chinese operations and sources could cause unanticipated increases in operating costs or disruptions in business, which could negatively affect our ultimate financial results.

We may have difficulty managing the outsourcing arrangements being used for products and services.

We rely on outside sources for various products and services, including yarn and other raw materials, greige (unfinished) fabrics, finished fabrics, and services such as weaving and finishing.  Increased reliance on outsourcing lowers our capital investment and fixed costs, but it decreases the amount of control that we have over certain elements of our production capacity.  Interruptions in our ability to obtain raw materials or other required products or services from our outside suppliers on a timely and cost-effective basis, especially if alternative suppliers cannot be immediately obtained, could disrupt our production and damage our financial results.

17

Write-offs or write-downs of assets would result in a decrease in our earnings and shareholders’ equity.

The company has long-lived assets, primarily consisting of property, plant and equipment, goodwill, and other intangible assets.  ASC Topic 360 establishes an impairment accounting model for long-lived assets such as property, plant, and equipment and requires the company to assess for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recovered.  ASC Topic 350 requires that goodwill and other intangible assets be tested at least annually for impairment or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recovered.

Identifying and assessing whether impairment indicators exist, or if events or changes in circumstances have occurred, including market conditions, operating results, competition and general economic conditions, requires significant judgment. Any of such future actions could result in charges that could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations, and there is no assurance that future write-downs of fixed assets, goodwill, or other intangible assets will not occur if business conditions were to deteriorate.

As a result of our impairment assessment conduced during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and our annual impairment assessment conducted during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, we recorded asset impairment charges associated with our goodwill and tradenames totaling $33.9 million during the fiscal 2020 year. Of the total $33.9 million asset impairment charges, $27.2 million and $6.7 million pertained to goodwill and tradenames, respectively. Due to the asset impairment charge of $27.2 million associated with our goodwill, no goodwill was reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of May 3, 2020. See notes 8 and 9 located in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for further details of our assessments of impairment, conclusions reached, and the performance of our quantitative tests.

During fiscal 2019, we closed our Anderson, South Carolina upholstery fabrics facility due to the continued decline in demand for the products manufactured at this facility, reflecting change in consumer style preferences. As a result of this plant closure, were recorded inventory markdowns totaling $1.6 million, which were mostly offset by a gain on the sale of property, plant, and equipment of $1.5 million.

Changes in the price, availability, and quality of raw materials could increase our costs or cause production delays and sales interruptions, which would result in decreased earnings.

We depend upon outside suppliers for most of our raw material needs, and we rely upon outside suppliers for component materials such as yarn and unfinished fabrics, as well as for certain services such as finishing and weaving. Fluctuations in the price, availability, and quality of these goods and services could have a negative effect on our production costs and ability to meet the demands of our customers, which would affect our ability to generate sales and earnings. In many cases, we are not able to pass through increased costs of raw materials or increased production costs to our customers through price increases. In particular, many of our basic raw materials are petrochemical products or are produced from such products. For this reason, our material costs are especially sensitive to changes in prices for petrochemicals and the underlying price of oil. Increases in prices for oil, petrochemical products or other raw materials and services provided by outside suppliers can significantly increase our costs and negatively affect earnings. Although our raw material costs were lower in fiscal 2020 compared to the prior year, higher raw material prices in the future would result in downward pressure on our profit margins and earnings.

Increases in energy costs would increase our operating costs and could adversely affect earnings.

Higher prices for electricity, natural gas, and fuel increase our production and shipping costs. A significant shortage, increased prices, or interruptions in the availability of these energy sources would increase the costs of producing and delivering products to our customers and would be likely to adversely affect our earnings. In many cases, we are not able to pass along the full extent of increases in our production costs to customers through price increases. Energy costs have varied significantly during recent fiscal years and remain a volatile element of our costs. Increases in energy costs could have a negative effect on our earnings.

Business difficulties or failures of large customers could result in a decrease in our sales and earnings.

We currently have several customers that account for a substantial portion of our sales. In the mattress fabrics segment, several large bedding manufacturers have large market shares and comprise a significant portion of our mattress fabric sales, with Serta Simmons Holdings, LLC accounting for approximately 13% of consolidated net sales in fiscal 2020. These include sales to customers who are also subcontractors for Serta Simmons Holding, LLC. In the upholstery fabrics segment, La-Z-Boy Incorporated accounted for approximately 13% of consolidated net sales during fiscal 2020, and several other large furniture manufacturers comprised a significant portion of sales. A business failure or other significant financial difficulty by one or more of our major customers, or the loss of one or more of these customers, could cause a significant loss in sales, an adverse effect on our earnings, and difficulty in collection of our trade accounts receivable.

18

Additionally, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, some customers experienced cash flow challenges and requested extended payment terms. If the negative economic impact of COVID-19 continues or if a similar pandemic or another major, unexpected event with negative economic effects occurs, we may not be able to collect amounts owed to us or such payment may only occur after significant delay. While we perform credit evaluations of our customers, those evaluations may not prevent uncollectible trade accounts receivable. Credit evaluations involve significant management diligence and judgment, especially in the current environment. If more customers than we anticipate experience liquidity issues, if payments are not received on a timely basis, or if a customer declares bankruptcy, we may have difficulty collecting amounts owed to us by these customers, which could adversely affect our sales, earnings, financial condition, and liquidity.

If we fail to anticipate and respond to changes in consumer tastes and fashion trends, our sales and earnings may decline.

Demand for various types of upholstery fabrics and mattress coverings changes over time due to fashion trends and changing consumer tastes for furniture and bedding. Our success in marketing our fabrics depends upon our ability to anticipate and respond in a timely manner to fashion trends in home furnishings. If we fail to identify and respond to these changes, our sales of these products may decline.  In addition, incorrect projections about the demand for certain products could cause the accumulation of excess raw material or finished goods inventory, which could lead to inventory mark-downs and decreases in earnings.

Increasing dependence on information technology systems comes with specific risks, including cybersecurity breaches and data leaks, which could have an adverse effect on our business.

We increasingly rely on technology systems and infrastructure. Additionally, we rely on third-party service providers in connection with the maintenance thereof and the execution of certain business processes. Greater dependence on technology systems heightens the risk of potential vulnerabilities from system failure and malfunction, breakdowns due to natural disasters, human error, unauthorized access, power loss, and other unforeseen events. Data privacy breaches by employees and others with or without authorized access to our systems poses risks that sensitive data may be permanently lost or leaked to the public or other unauthorized persons. With the growing use and rapid evolution of technology, including internet selling, cloud-based computing and mobile devices, there are additional risks of unintentional data leaks. There is also the risk of our exposure to theft of confidential information, intentional vandalism, industrial espionage, and a variety of cyber-attacks, including phishing attempts, that could compromise our internal technology system, infrastructure, or result in data leakage in-house or at our third-party providers and business partners. Failures of technology or related systems, or an improper release of confidential information, could damage our business or subject us to unexpected liabilities. Additionally, the devotion of additional resources to the security of our information technology systems in the future could significantly increase our operating costs or otherwise adversely affect our financial results. We continue to balance the risk of an electronic security breach resulting in the unauthorized release of confidential information with the cost to protect us against such a breach, and we have taken steps to ensure that losses arising from a breach would be covered in part by insurance that we carry.

In addition, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have permitted certain employees to work from home in order to limit the number of people at our facilities. Although we continue to implement strong physical and cybersecurity measures to ensure that our business operations remain functional and to ensure uninterrupted service to our customers, our systems and our operations remain vulnerable to cyberattacks and other disruptions due to the fact that more employees are working remotely, and we cannot be certain that our mitigation efforts will be effective.

We may not be able to recruit and retain key employees and skilled workers in a competitive labor market.

If we cannot successfully recruit and retain key employees and skilled workers or if we experience the unexpected loss of those employees, our operations may be negatively affected. A shortage of qualified personnel may require us to enhance our compensation in order to compete effectively in the hiring and retention of qualified employees.

In addition, we are and will continue to be dependent upon our senior management team and other key personnel. Losing the services of one or more key members of our management team or other key personnel could adversely affect our operations. COVID-19 may also increase the risk that certain senior management executives or a member of the board of directors could become ill, causing them to be incapacitated or otherwise unable to perform their duties for an extended absence. Furthermore, because of the nature of the disease, multiple people working in proximity could also become ill simultaneously, which could result in the same department having extended absences. This could negatively affect the efficiency and effectiveness of processes and internal controls throughout the company.

Where possible, we have permitted work-from-home arrangements for certain employees in order to limit the number of people at our facilities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The effects of stay-at-home orders and our work-from-home policies may negatively affect productivity and disrupt our business, the magnitude of which will depend, in part, on the length and severity of the restrictions and other limitations on our ability to conduct our business in the ordinary course.

19

Our intellectual property rights may not prevent others from using our copyrights or trademarks in connection with the sale of competitive products. We may be subject to claims that our products or trademarks infringe intellectual property rights of others.

We currently hold, or have registration applications pending for, numerous trademarks and copyrights for various product and trade names, logos, and fabric designs in the United States and certain foreign countries.  We view such intellectual property, along with any unregistered copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade names, domain names, trade dress, trade secrets, and proprietary technologies, as an important part of our business. These intellectual property rights may not provide adequate protection against infringement or piracy, may not prevent competitors from developing and marketing products that are similar or competitive with our fabric designs or other products, and may be costly and time-consuming to protect and enforce. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries may not protect our intellectual property rights and confidential information to the same extent as the laws of the United States. If we are unable to protect and enforce our intellectual property, we may be unable to prevent other companies from using our fabric designs or trademarks in connection with competitive products, which could adversely affect our sales, profitability, cash flows and financial condition.

We may be subject to claims that our products, advertising, or trademarks infringe the intellectual property rights of others. The defense of these claims, even if we are ultimately successful, may result in costly litigation, and if we are not successful in our defense, we could be subject to injunctions and liability for damages or royalty obligations, and our sales, profitability, cash flows and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We have made and expect to continue to make acquisitions, which could involve certain risks and uncertainties.

Acquisitions have been and may continue to be an important element of our business strategy. Acquisitions involve numerous inherent challenges, such as properly evaluating acquisition opportunities, properly evaluating risks and other diligence matters, ensuring adequate capital availability, and balancing other resource constraints. There are risks and uncertainties related to acquisitions, including difficulties integrating acquired operations, technology, personnel, and financial and other systems; unrealized sales expectations from the acquired business; unrealized synergies and cost-savings; unknown or underestimated liabilities; diversion of management attention from running our existing businesses; and potential loss of key management employees of the acquired business. In addition, internal control over financial reporting of acquired companies may not be up to required standards. Our integration activities may place substantial demand on our management, operational resources, and financial and internal control systems. Customer dissatisfaction or performance problems with an acquired business, technology, service, or product could also have a material adverse effect on our reputation and business.

We may require funding from external sources, which may not be available at the levels we require or may cost more than we expect. As a result, our expenses and operating results could be negatively affected.

We regularly review and evaluate our liquidity and capital needs. In March 2020, in order to increase balance sheet flexibility during the COVID-19 crisis, we proactively drew down $29.8 million under our $30 million domestic revolving credit facility, as well as an additional $1 million under our $5 million China credit facility. We subsequently repaid these borrowings in full in June of 2020 based on improving business conditions. We believe our available cash, cash equivalents, and cash flow from operations will be enough to finance our operations and expected capital requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, if we experience a sustained decline in revenue relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, there may be periods in which we may require additional external funding to support our operations.

As of July 17, 2020, we had approximately $35 million in combined total borrowing availability under our domestic credit facility and our China credit facility. In the event we require additional liquidity from our lenders that exceeds the availability under our credit facilities at such time, such funds may not be available to us. In addition, outstanding amounts under the credit facility may become immediately due and payable upon certain events of default, including a failure to comply with the financial covenants or certain other affirmative and negative covenants in the credit agreements. If we are unable to access additional credit at the levels we require, or the cost of credit is greater than expected, it could adversely affect our operating results or financial condition.

20

Changes in the method of determining the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), or the replacement of LIBOR with an alternative reference rate, may adversely affect interest rates.

On July 27, 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority (the authority that regulates LIBOR) announced that it would phase out LIBOR as a benchmark by the end of 2021. It is unclear whether new methods of calculating LIBOR will be established such that it continues to exist after 2021, or whether different benchmark rates used to price indebtedness will develop. Changes in the method of calculating LIBOR, or the replacement of LIBOR with an alternative rate or benchmark, may adversely affect interest rates and result in higher borrowing costs. Our domestic revolving credit facility, which expires August 15, 2022, uses LIBOR as the benchmark for setting the interest rate thereunder. In March of 2020, we amended this credit facility to, among other things, address a phase out of LIBOR by providing for an alternative benchmark. We cannot predict the effect of the use of this alternative benchmark, but our interest expense could increase and our available cash flow for general corporate requirements may be adversely affected. In addition, the overall financial market may be disrupted as a result of the phase-out or replacement of LIBOR. Disruption in the financial market could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

Legal and Regulatory Risks

We are subject to litigation and environmental regulations that could adversely affect our sales and earnings.

We have been, and in the future may be, a party to legal proceedings and claims, including environmental matters, product liability, and employment disputes, some of which claim significant damages.  We face the continual business risk of exposure to claims that our operations have caused personal injury or property damage, including the related risk of damage to our brand and reputation in conjunction with such claims.  We maintain insurance against product liability claims and in some cases have indemnification agreements with regard to environmental claims, but there can be no assurance that these arrangements will continue to be available on acceptable terms or that such arrangements will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred.  Given the inherent uncertainty of litigation, there can be no assurance that claims against the company will not have a material adverse impact on our earnings or financial condition.  We are also subject to various laws and regulations in our business, including those relating to environmental protection and the discharge of materials into the environment.  We could incur substantial costs as a result of noncompliance with or liability for cleanup or other costs or damages under environmental laws or other regulations.

We must comply with many governmental regulations applicable to our business, and changes in those regulations could adversely affect our business.

Our products and raw materials are and will continue to be subject to regulation in the United States by various federal, state, and local regulatory authorities. In addition, other governments and agencies in other jurisdictions regulate the manufacture, sale, and distribution of our products and raw materials. Also, rules and restrictions regarding the importation of fabrics and other materials, including custom duties, tariffs, quotas and other regulations, are continually changing. Environmental laws, labor laws, tax regulations, and other regulations continually affect our business. These rules and regulations can and do change from time to time, which can increase our costs or require us to make changes in our manufacturing processes, product mix, sources of products and raw materials, or distribution. Changes in the rules and regulations applicable to our business may negatively affect our sales and earnings.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

21

ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES

Our corporate headquarters are located in High Point, North Carolina. As of the end of fiscal 2020 (May 3, 2020), we leased our corporate headquarters and owned or leased fourteen facilities associated with our mattress and upholstery fabrics operations. The following is a list of our administrative and production facilities. Our facilities listed below are organized by business segment.

We believe that our facilities are in good condition, well-maintained, suitable, and adequate for present utilization.  In the upholstery fabrics segment, we have the ability to source upholstery fabric from outside suppliers to meet current and expected demand trends and further increase our output of finished goods. This ability to source upholstery fabric is part of our long-term strategy to have a low-cost platform that is scalable, but not capital intensive. In the mattress fabrics segment, management has estimated that it is currently performing at near capacity. Also, we have the ability to source additional mattress fabric from outside suppliers to further increase our ultimate output of finished goods. 

22

ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

There are no legal proceedings to which the company, or its subsidiaries, is a party to or of which any of their property is the subject that are required to be disclosed under this item.

ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

23

PART II

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Registrar and Transfer Agent

Computershare Trust Company, N.A.

Correspondence should be mailed to:

Computershare

P.O. Box 505000

Louisville, KY 40233

Overnight correspondence should be sent to:

Computershare

462 South 4^th Street, Suite 1600

Louisville, KY 40202

(800) 254-5196

(781) 575-2879 (Foreign shareholders)

www.computershare.com/investor

Stock Listing

Prior to July 13, 2017, Culp, Inc. common stock was traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol CFI. Effective July 13, 2017, Culp, Inc. common stock commenced trading on the NYSE under the symbol CULP. As of May 3, 2020, Culp, Inc. had approximately 2,639 shareholders based on the number of holders of record and an estimate of individual participants represented by security position listings.

Analyst Coverage

These analysts cover Culp, Inc.:

Raymond, James & Associates – Bobby Griffin, CFA

Value Line – Simon R. Shoucair

Stifel Financial Corp - John A. Baugh, CFA

Stonegate Capital Partners, Inc. – Marco Rodriguez, CFA

24

Dividends and Share Repurchases; Sales of Unregistered Securities

Share Repurchases

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Dividends

On July 1, 2020, we announced that our board of directors approved a regular quarterly cash dividend payment of $0.105 per share. These dividend payments are payable on or about July 17, 2020, to shareholders of record as of July 10, 2020.

During fiscal 2020, dividend payments totaled $5.1 million, all of which represented our regular quarterly cash dividend payments ranging from $0.10 to $0.105 per share.

During fiscal 2019, dividend payments totaled $4.7 million, all of which represented our regular quarterly cash dividend payments ranging from $0.09 to $0.10 per share.

During fiscal 2018, dividend payments totaled $6.8 million, of which $2.6 million represented a special cash dividend payment of $0.21 per share, and $4.2 million represented our regular quarterly cash dividend payments ranging from $0.08 to $0.09 per share.

Future dividend payments are subject to board approval and may be adjusted at the board’s discretion as business needs or market conditions change. The board will continue to evaluate the appropriateness of dividends in light of current economic conditions and our performance in future quarters.

Sales of Unregistered Securities

There were no sales of unregistered securities during fiscal 2020, 2019, or 2018.

25

Performance Comparison

The following graph shows changes over the five fiscal years ending May 3, 2020 in the value of $100 invested in (1) the common stock of the company, (2) the Hemscott Textile Manufacturing Group Index reported by Standard and Poor’s, consisting of three companies in the textile industry, and (3) the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index.

The graph assumes an initial investment of $100 at the end of fiscal 2014 and the reinvestment of all dividends during the periods identified.

Market Information

See Item 6, Selected Financial Data, and Selected Quarterly Data in Item 8, for market information regarding the company’s common stock.

26

ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

27

28

ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

We have prepared this Management’s Discussion and Analysis as an aid to understanding our financial results. It should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes and other exhibits included elsewhere in this report. It also includes management’s analysis of past financial results and certain potential risk factors that may affect future results, as well as approaches that may be used to manage those risks. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this report for a discussion of factors that may cause results to differ materially.   

We sold our majority ownership interest in eLuxury, LLC (“eLuxury”) on March 31, 2020, resulting in the elimination of our home accessories segment at such time. Accordingly, the results of operations and assets and liabilities for this segment are excluded from the company’s continuing operations for the fiscal 2020 year (and for all prior periods of comparison) and presented as a discontinued operation in this report.

General

Our fiscal year is the 52 or 53-week period ending on the Sunday closest to April 30. Fiscal 2020 included 53 weeks. Fiscal 2019 and 2018 each included 52 weeks.

Continuing Operations

Our continuing operations are classified into two business segments: mattress fabrics and upholstery fabrics. The mattress fabrics segment manufactures, sources, and sells fabrics and mattress covers primarily to bedding manufacturers. We have wholly owned mattress fabric operations located in Stokesdale, NC, High Point, NC, and Quebec, Canada, as well as a fifty-percent owned cut and sew mattress cover operation located in Haiti.  

The upholstery fabrics segment develops, sources, manufactures, and sells fabrics primarily to residential and commercial furniture manufacturers.  We have wholly owned upholstery fabric operations located in Shanghai, China and Burlington, NC. With the acquisition of Read Window Products, LLC (“Read”) late in fiscal 2018, we now have a wholly owned company located in Knoxville, TN that provides window treatments and sourcing of upholstery fabrics and other products, as well as measuring and installation services of Read’s own products to customers in the hospitality and commercial industries. The company operated an upholstery fabrics plant in Anderson, SC, during the first quarter of fiscal 2019, which was closed during the second quarter of fiscal 2019. 

Discontinued Operation – Home Accessories Segment

Through our June 22, 2018, majority investment in eLuxury, our operations also included a home accessories segment, which manufactured, sourced, and sold finished bedding accessory and home good products directly to consumers and businesses through global e-commerce and business-to-business sales channels. However, we sold our majority ownership interest in eLuxury on March 31, 2020, to focus on the company’s core mattress and upholstery fabrics businesses and increase liquidity during the unprecedented disruption arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. This sale of eLuxury resulted in the elimination of our home accessories segment at such time. Accordingly, the results of operations and assets and liabilities for this segment are excluded from the company’s continuing operations for the fiscal 2020 year (and for all prior periods of comparison) and presented as a discontinued operation in this report. See Note 3 – Discontinued Operations, of the consolidated financial statements for further details.

Impact of COVID-19

For a discussion of how COVID-19 has affected and may continue to affect our business and financial condition, see the discussion under the heading “Recent Developments” in Part I, Item 1 of this report, as well as the Risk Factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A of this report.

Executive Summary

We evaluate the operating performance of our segments based upon income (loss) from continuing operations before certain unallocated corporate expenses, asset impairment charges, restructuring expense (credit) and related charges, and other non-recurring items. Cost of sales in each segment includes costs to develop, manufacture, or source our products, including costs such as raw material costs and finished good purchases, direct and indirect labor, overhead, and incoming freight charges. Unallocated corporate expenses primarily represent compensation and benefits for certain executive officers and their support staff, all costs associated with being a public company, and other miscellaneous expenses.

29

Results of Continuing Operations

Net Sales

Overall, our net sales decreased 8.9% in fiscal 2020 compared with a year ago, with mattress fabric net sales declining 9.8% and upholstery fabric net sales declining 8.0%. The fiscal 2020 year had 53 weeks compared to 52 weeks in fiscal 2019.

The decrease in net sales for both the mattress fabrics and upholstery fabrics segments reflects the severe economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, which significantly affected our results for the fourth quarter and fiscal 2020. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic began to materialize in the second half of March 2020, as retail home furnishings stores across the country closed and many of our customers shut down or limited their operations for several weeks.  

Additionally, prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, net sales for our mattress fabrics segment were also affected by continued industry weakness in the domestic mattress industry relating to low-priced mattress imports that moved from China to other countries following the imposition of punitive anti-dumping measures by the U.S. Department of Commerce against Chinese-made mattresses during the first quarter of fiscal 2020. Our upholstery fabrics segment was also affected during the first half of the fiscal year by the soft retail environment for residential furniture and ongoing issues surrounding international trade agreements and associated tariffs. However, the COVID-19 pandemic during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 was the most significant and primary factor that resulted in the decline in net sales for fiscal 2020.

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes from Continuing Operations

Overall, our income (loss) before income taxes from continuing operations was $(7.7) million for fiscal 2020, compared with income before income taxes from continuing operations of $12.7 million for the prior year. Income (loss) before income taxes from continuing operations for fiscal 2020 included non-cash asset impairment charges of $13.7 million associated with goodwill and certain intangible assets, of which $11.5 million related to the mattress fabrics segment and $2.2 million related to the upholstery fabrics segment, as well as $70,000 in restructuring credits associated with the closure of our Anderson, SC, upholstery fabrics facility. Income before income taxes from continuing operations for fiscal 2019 included restructuring and related charges and credits and other non-recurring charges resulting in a net charge of approximately $2.7 million, of which $1.6 million related to restructuring and related charges and credits associated with the closure of our Anderson, SC, upholstery fabrics facility, and $1.1 million related to other non-recurring charges, including a $500,000 charitable contribution in honor of our co-founder and former chairman of the board and other non-recurring charges associated with the mattress fabrics segment.

In addition to the asset impairment charges noted above, income (loss) before income taxes for continuing operations for fiscal 2020 was significantly affected by lower sales due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Additionally, unallocated corporate SG&A expense was higher during fiscal 2020, as compared to the prior year, due primarily to change in estimate adjustments that were recorded during fiscal 2019 that lowered share-based compensation expense in fiscal 2019, as well as an increase in professional fees during fiscal 2020 that were attributable to the adoption of ASC Topic 842 Leases, our recent acquisitions and disposal of businesses, and our comprehensive response to the COVID-19 global pandemic.

30

Income Taxes

We recorded income tax expense of $3.4 million, or (43.7%) of loss before income tax expense from continuing operations, in fiscal 2020, compared with income tax expense of $6.5 million, or 51.4% of income before income tax expense from continuing operations in fiscal 2019. The decrease in our income tax expense for fiscal 2020 is primarily due to the decline in our consolidated taxable income, with a pre-tax loss from continuing operations in fiscal 2020 versus pre-tax income in fiscal 2019. Our effective income tax rates for both fiscal 2020 and 2019 reflected the mix of our pre-tax earnings from continuing operations that adversely affected our effective income tax rates for the year, as we had higher income tax rates associated with the pre-tax income earned by our foreign operations in China and Canada, as compared to a lower income tax rate on our U.S. pre-tax loss in fiscal 2020 and our U.S. pre-tax income in fiscal 2019. Additionally, the current mix of taxable income that favors our foreign operations led to a significant increase in the effective income tax rates that are associated with our Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (GILTI) Tax, which represents a U.S. income tax on foreign earnings. During the fiscal 2020 year, we did not make any U.S. income tax payments due to the utilization of the company’s U.S. Federal net operating loss carryforwards and immediate expensing of U.S. capital expenditures.  However, we did have income tax payments during the year totaling $5.0 million associated with our foreign operations located in China and Canada.

Refer to Note 14 of the consolidated financial statements for further details regarding our provision for income taxes from continuing operations.

See the Segment Analysis section located in the Results of Continuing Operations for further details.

Liquidity

At May 3, 2020, our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments (available for sale), and short-term and long-term investments (held-to-maturity) totaled $77.1 million compared with $45.0 million at April 28, 2019.

The increase from the end of fiscal 2019 is attributable to $38.4 million in total proceeds received during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 from borrowings under our lines of credit and receipt of a loan under the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act of 2020 (such loan, the “PPP loan”). As a result of the COVID-19 global pandemic and the uncertainty relating to its duration and overall effect on our business, we proactively borrowed $29.8 million, the maximum amount available, under our domestic line of credit, an also borrowed an additional $1.0 million from our line of credit associated with our China operations, as a precautionary measure to increase balance sheet flexibility during the COVID-19 crisis. In addition, we applied for and received $7.6 million in cash proceeds from the PPP Loan (which, as noted below, we subsequently repaid in full on May 13, 2020 following new guidance issued by the U.S. Treasury Department and SBA raising questions regarding the eligibility of publicly traded companies to receive loans under the Paycheck Protection Program).

Excluding the cash proceeds from our lines of credit and the PPP Loan, our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments (available for sale), and short-term and long-term investments (held-to-maturity) as of the end of fiscal 2020 would have decreased $6.3 million from the end of fiscal 2019. This decrease was mostly due to (i) cash payments of $6.8 million returned to shareholders in the form of regular quarterly dividend payments and common stock repurchases; (ii) $4.6 million of capital expenditures that were mostly associated with our mattress fabrics segment; and (iii) $1.5 million for additional purchase price payments on our recent acquisitions, partially offset by (iv) $5.0 million in net cash provided by operating activities; and (v) $1.5 million in proceeds from a long-term note receivable associated with a discontinued operation.

Our net cash provided by operating activities of $5.0 million in fiscal 2020 decreased $8.9 million compared with $13.9 million in fiscal 2019. The decrease is mostly due to lower earnings and slower cash collections on accounts receivable stemming from the COVID-19 global pandemic.  

Our net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019 reflects cash flows from operating activities for both our continuing operations and our discontinued operation. Our discontinued operation had net cash used in operating activities totaling $(2.3) million and $(1.5) million for fiscal 2020 and 2019, respectively. Our discontinued operation had net cash used in investing activities totaling $(134,000) and $(54,000) for fiscal 2020 and 2019, respectively. Our discontinued operation had net cash provided by financing activities, all of which were loan proceeds and capital contributions from Culp, Inc. and the owner of the noncontrolling interest of eLuxury totaling $2.4 million and $1.5 million during fiscal 2020 and 2019, respectively. We believe our liquidity will improve in the absence of our home accessories segment due to the significant losses that were incurred and the funding of working capital requirements through loans and capital contributions.  

At May 3, 2020, our outstanding borrowings totaled $38.4 million, which consisted of $29.8 million outstanding under our domestic bank credit facility, $1.0 million outstanding under our China credit facility, and the $7.6 million PPP Loan. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, we repaid in full the PPP Loan and all borrowings that were outstanding under our lines of credit at May 3, 2020, and currently we have no outstanding borrowings under our line of credit agreements.

31

Dividend Program

On July 1, 2020, we announced that our board of directors approved a regular quarterly cash dividend payment of $0.105 per share. This payment will be made on or about July 17, 2020, to shareholders of record as of July 10, 2020.

During fiscal 2020, dividend payments totaled $5.1 million, all of which represented our regularly quarterly cash dividend payments ranging from $0.10 to $0.105 per share. During fiscal 2019, dividend payments totaled $4.7 million, all of which represented our regular quarterly cash dividend payments ranging from $0.09 to $0.10 per share. During fiscal 2018, dividend payments totaled $6.8 million, of which $2.6 million represented a special cash dividend payment of $0.21 per share, and $4.2 million represented our regular quarterly cash dividend payments ranging from $0.08 to $0.09 per share.

Our board of directors has sole authority to determine if and when we will declare future dividends and on what terms. Future dividend payments are subject to final determination by our board of directors and will depend on our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, excess availability under our lines of credit, market conditions, and other factors we consider relevant.

Common Stock Repurchases

On September 5, 2019, we announced that our board of directors approved an authorization for us to acquire up to $5.0 million of our common stock. Under the common stock repurchase program, shares may be purchased from time to time in open market transactions, block trades, through plans established under Securities Exchange Act Rule 10b5-1, or otherwise. The number of shares purchased, and the timing of such purchases will be based on working capital requirements, market and general business conditions, and other factors including alternative investment opportunities.

During fiscal 2020, we purchased 142,496 shares of our common stock at a cost of $1.7 million, leaving approximately $3.3 million available under the share repurchase program approved by the board of directors in September 2019. The board of directors subsequently approved an increase in the company’s share repurchase authorization back up to a total of $5.0 million in March 2020. However, as part of our comprehensive response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we announced on April 3, 2020, that our board of directors temporarily suspended the share repurchase program given the ongoing economic disruption and uncertainty.

During fiscal 2019, we purchased 160,823 shares of our common stock at a cost of $3.3 million. During fiscal 2018, there were no repurchases of our common stock.

At May 3, 2020, we had $5.0 million available for additional repurchases of our common stock.

Results of Continuing Operations

The following table sets forth certain items in our consolidated statements of net (loss) income as a percentage of net sales.

32

2020 compared with 2019

Segment Analysis

Mattress Fabrics Segment

Net Sales

Mattress fabrics sales decreased 9.8% in fiscal 2020 compared to the prior year. These results for fiscal 2020 reflected the significant disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. We experienced a rapid drop in demand beginning in mid-March, as customers and retail mattress and home furnishings stores began closing or substantially limiting their operations. Due to government-mandated closure requirements near the end of March, we shut down our facilities in Canada and Haiti for several weeks. We also reduced our production schedules and furloughed workers at our U.S. facilities to align with the severely reduced demand, while aggressively cutting costs, delaying non-essential capital expenditures, and reducing inventory.

Despite these challenges, we quickly shifted to repurpose a portion of our available operations to produce face masks, bedding covers, and fabrics for healthcare operations and consumer health. This allowed us to support much-needed relief efforts as an essential business and keep as many workers as possible employed. In addition, in the face of travel restrictions and cancelled trade shows, we leveraged our recently introduced digital library, design simulations, and 3D image rendering capabilities to continue showcasing our products and support our customers through virtual design collaboration.

Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, our results for fiscal 2020 were also affected by continued disruption in the domestic mattress industry relating to low-priced mattress imports that moved from China to other countries. Our results for fiscal 2019, which saw a 24.7% decrease in net sales compared to fiscal 2018, were significantly affected by more challenging market conditions faced by the domestic bedding industry due primarily to the high volume of low-priced imported mattresses from China. Near the end of fiscal 2019, import activity began to slow in anticipation of an expected ruling from the U.S. Department of Commerce. This ruling came in May 2019, with the Department of Commerce imposing punitive anti-dumping measures against Chinese made mattresses. At the time, we expected that these duties would ultimately provide relief for the domestic mattress industry and benefit our business, and this expectation appeared to materialize during the first quarter of fiscal 2020. However, this trend was reversed during the second and third quarters as the domestic mattress industry saw continued disruption from low-priced mattress imports that moved from China to other countries.

Through the first eight weeks of fiscal 2021, we have experienced an increase in demand as government restrictions have been lifted and customers and retail stores have started to resume operations. As of the end of June 2020, we have dramatically increased our production schedules and returned substantially all of our previously furloughed workers to meet this increased demand. Additionally, we have seen a return to pre-COVID-19 favorable demand trends for our CLASS sewn mattress cover business, reflecting a continuing growth trend for online boxed bedding. Across our mattress fabrics division, from fabric to cover, we are working collaboratively with new and existing customers to develop fresh, innovative products, and our efficient global platform continues to support our fabric and cover business with established production capabilities in the U.S., Haiti, and Asia. We expect our building expansion in Haiti to be completed during the second quarter of fiscal 2021, which will provide additional capacity and enhance our ability to produce sewn covers.  

In addition, while we believe our global platform for fabric and covers in Haiti and Asia has us well positioned to capture market share with imported mattresses if and when business conditions normalize from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, we are also encouraged by the recent anti-dumping duty petitions filed with the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) and U.S. Department of Commerce against seven countries for engaging in unfair trade practices relating to low-priced mattress imports, as well as the ITC’s preliminary determination allowing these petitions to move forward. If successful, we believe the proposed relief being sought will benefit the domestic mattress industry and, in turn, be favorable for our business. We also continue to invest in our design and marketing capabilities with technologies to improve the customer experience and speed to market, and we are enhancing our service platform to be more responsive to customer demand with shorter lead times. We believe we will benefit from these advanced technologies and processes that support our sales and marketing efforts with both legacy and new customers.

33

Despite positive sales trends for the beginning of fiscal 2021, we expect the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to have an impact on our business through at least the first half of fiscal 2021. The ongoing economic and health effects remain unknown and depend on factors beyond our knowledge or control, including the duration and severity of the outbreak, actions taken to contain its spread and mitigate the public health and economic effects, and the short- and long-term disruption on the global economy, consumer confidence, unemployment, employee health, and the financial health of our customers, suppliers, and distribution channels. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our mattress fabrics segment, however, if conditions relating to the pandemic worsen, the disruption could adversely affect our operations and financial performance.

Gross Profit and Operating Income

The decrease in mattress fabrics profitability was primarily due to the decrease in mattress fabrics sales noted above, as well as certain non-recurring charges totaling $249,000 for employee termination benefits and operational reorganization costs associated with our mattress fabrics segment.

Segment Assets

Segment assets consist of accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant, and equipment, right of use assets, and our investment in an unconsolidated joint venture.

Refer to Note 21 of the consolidated financial statements for disclosures regarding determination of our segment assets.

Accounts Receivable

As of May 3, 2020, accounts receivable was comparable with April 28, 2019. Accounts receivable for fiscal 2020 reflect slower cash collections and a decrease in net sales that emerged during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 global pandemic. We experienced slower cash collections during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 primarily because we granted extended credit terms to certain customers in response to the challenging business conditions stemming from the pandemic. Days’ sales outstanding was 48 days for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, as compared with 29 days for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019. Net sales for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 were $23.4, a decrease of $14.6 million, or 38.5%, compared with net sales of $38.0 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019.

Inventory

As of May 3, 2020, inventory increased 8.0% compared with April 28, 2019. The increase reflects excess inventory purchases compared with actual demand trends, which were significantly lower than expected due COVID-19.

Property, Plant, & Equipment

The $40.7 million at May 3, 2020, represents property, plant, and equipment of $27.7 million and $13.0 million located in the U.S. and Canada, respectively. The $44.3 million at April 28, 2019, represents property, plant, and equipment of $32.4 million and $11.9 million located in the U.S. and Canada, respectively.

As of May 3, 2020, property, plant, and equipment decreased as compared with April 28, 2019. This trend represents a decrease in capital expenditure requirements and a progression toward a more maintenance level of spending on machinery and equipment, as well as significant cost cutting measures in capital expenditures during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, as part of our comprehensive response to COVID-19. During fiscal 2020, our mattress fabrics segment reported capital expenditures of $3.5 million and depreciation expense of $6.7 million.

34

Right of Use Assets

As of May 3, 2020, our right of use assets balance reflects the adoption of ASC Topic 842, Leases. See the heading titled “Leases” under the “Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements” section in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, as well as Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements, for further details. The $362,000 represents right of use assets located in the U.S. There is not a comparable balance as of April 29, 2019, as ASC Topic 842, Leases was adopted at April 29, 2019, the beginning of our fiscal 2020 year.

Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Venture

Our investment in unconsolidated joint venture represents our fifty percent ownership of Class International Holdings, Ltd. (see Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements for further details).

Upholstery Fabrics Segment

Net Sales