UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____ to _____

Commission File Number: 000-53131

CHINA XD PLASTICS COMPANY LIMITED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

No. 9 Dalian North Road, Haping Road Centralized Industrial Park,

Harbin Development Zone, Heilongjiang Province, PRC 150060

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

86-451-84346600

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Not applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit

such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of June 25, 2020, the registrant had 66,948,841 shares of common stock, par value US$0.0001 per share, outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXPLANATORY NOTE

China XD Plastic Company Limited (the “Company”) is filing this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2020 (“Quarterly Report”), in reliance on an order issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 25, 2020 (which extended and superseded a prior order issued on March 4, 2020), pursuant to Section 36 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Release No. 34-88465) (the “Order”), regarding exemptions granted to certain public companies. The Order allows a registrant up to an additional 45 days after the original due date of certain reports required to be filed with the SEC if a registrant’s ability to file such report timely is affected due to COVID-19.

The Company previously filed, on May 13, 2020, a Current Report on Form 8-K (the “Current Report”) indicating its intention to rely on the Order. As stated in the Current Report, the Company required additional time to finalize the Quarterly Report due to the outbreak of COVID-19 in the PRC. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company has temporarily closed its manufacturing facilities and offices in the PRC in accordance with the requirements of the PRC government, and requested its employees to work remotely. Employees affected include certain of the Company’s financial reporting staff responsible for assisting the Company in the preparation of its financial statements. The Company has also been delayed in preparing the Quarterly Report due to delays in obtaining information from third parties who have similarly been unavailable and impacted by COVID-19. This has, in turn, delayed the Company’s ability to complete its financial reporting process and prepare the Quarterly Report.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

CHINA XD PLASTICS COMPANY LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

CHINA XD PLASTICS COMPANY LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

CHINA XD PLASTICS COMPANY LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

The following table shows a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash on the condensed consolidated balance sheets to that presented in the above condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

CHINA XD PLASTICS COMPANY LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 – Basis of presentation and significant concentrations and risks

(a) Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted as permitted by rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of China XD Plastics Company Limited ("China XD") and subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company"). The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2019, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the year then ended, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on June 1, 2020.

In the opinion of the management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present a fair statement of the financial position as of March 31, 2020, the results of operations and cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, have been made.

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the recoverability of the carrying amounts of property, plant and equipment, the realizability of inventories, the useful lives of property, plant and equipment, the collectability of accounts receivable, the accruals for tax uncertainties and other contingencies, and the discount rate used to determine the present value of the lease payments. The current economic environment has increased the degree of uncertainty inherent in those estimates and assumptions.

(b) Accounting pronouncement adopted in 2020

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”), which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The Company has adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 and there was no material impact on its consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption.

(c) Significant concentrations and risks

Sales concentration

The Company sells its products primarily through approved distributors in the People's Republic of China (the "PRC"). The Company's sales are highly concentrated. Sales to distributors individually exceeded 10% of the Company's revenues for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, are as follows:

* Less than 10%

The Company expects revenues from these distributors to continue to represent a substantial portion of its revenue in the future. Any factor adversely affecting the automobile industry in the PRC or the business operations of these customers will have a material effect on the Company's business, financial position and results of operations.

Purchase concentration of raw materials and equipment

The principal raw materials used for the Company's production of modified plastics products are plastic resins, such as polypropylene, ABS and nylon. The Company purchases substantially all of its raw materials through a limited number of distributors.  Raw material purchases from these distributors, which individually exceeded 10% of the Company's total raw material purchases, accounted for approximately 15.4% (one distributor) and 37.8% (three distributors), of the Company's total raw material purchases for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Management believes that other suppliers could provide similar raw materials on comparable terms. A change in suppliers, however, could cause a delay in manufacturing and a possible loss of sales, which would adversely affect the Company's business, financial position and results of operations.

Cash concentration

Cash and short-term restricted cash mentioned below maintained at banks consist of the following:

The bank deposits with financial institutions in the PRC are insured by the government authority for up to RMB500,000. The bank deposits with financial institutions in the Hong Kong SAR are insured by the government authority for up to HK$500,000. The bank deposits with financial institutions in the Macau SAR are insured by the government authority for up to MOP$500,000. The bank deposits with financial institutions in the Dubai, UAE are not insured by the government authority. Total bank deposits amounted to $1,137,148 and $1,063,709 are insured as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company has not experienced any losses in uninsured bank deposits and does not believe that it is exposed to any significant risks on cash held in bank accounts. To limit exposure to credit risk, the Company primarily places bank deposits with large financial institutions in the PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR and Dubai, UAE with acceptable credit rating.

Cash deposits in bank that are restricted as to withdrawal or usage for up to 12 months are reported as restricted cash in the consolidated balance sheets.

Short-term bank deposits that are pledged as collateral for bills payable relating to purchases of raw materials are reported as restricted cash and amounted to US$119,376,139 and US$151,498,873 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Upon maturity and repayment of the bills payable, which is generally within 6 months, the cash becomes available for use by the Company.

Short-term bank deposits that are related to government grant are reported as restricted cash and amounted to US$68,805 and US$69,879 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. 

Short-term bank deposits that are pledged for the US$135.0 million syndicated loans obtained from a consortium of banks led by the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Macau) Limited are reported as restricted cash and amounted to US$57,370,173 and US$58,229,047 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, for details of the syndicated loans please refer to note 7.

Short-term bank deposits that are pledged as collateral to settle US$14.1 million of short-term bank loans obtained from Postal Savings Bank of China are reported as restricted cash and amounted to US$1,411,413 and US$1,433,445 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

Note 2 – Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable consists of the following:

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the accounts receivable balances also include notes receivable in the amount of US$623,313 and US$107,845, respectively.  As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, US$80,726,025 and US$92,198,221, respectively, of accounts receivable are pledged for the short-term bank loans. 

There was no accrual of additional provision or write-off of accounts receivable for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

As of December 31, 2019, accounts receivable of US$62.8 million from the Company’s customer in UAE was overdue and the customer failed to make payments under the agreed extended repayment plan. Based on its assessment of the collectability of the amounts due from the customer, the Company provided an allowance for doubtful accounts of US$62.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The following table provides an analysis of the aging of accounts receivable as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Note 3 – Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company pledged inventories in amount of approximately US$39.5 million and US$40.1 million, respectively, for a one-year short-term loan and bills payable, details refer to Note 7.

There were no write down of inventories for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Note 4 – Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

(i) Advances to suppliers are the advances to purchase raw materials.

(ii) Value added taxes receivables mainly represent the input taxes on purchasing equipment by Heilongjiang Xinda Enterprise Group Company Limited (“HLJ Xinda Group”) and Sichuan Xinda Enterprise Group Company Limited (“Sichuan Xinda”), which are to be net off with output taxes. Value added taxes receivables were recognized in operating activities in consolidated statements of cash flows.

(iii) Hong Kong Grand Royal Trading Co., Ltd. (“Hong Kong Grand Royal”) is a raw material supplier of AL Composites Materials FZE ("Dubai Xinda"). Dubai Xinda has prepaid US$48.2 million to Hong Kong Grand Royal in 2017 for purchase of raw materials. Due to the price fluctuation of raw materials, Hong Kong Grand Royal could not purchase and deliver the raw materials to Dubai Xinda. In July 2019, both parties entered into a supplemental agreement to cancel the original purchase agreements and Hong Kong Grand Royal shall settle the advance payment. The US$42.6 million advance payment as of December 31, 2019 was settled during the three-month period ended March 31, 2020.

(iv) Interest receivable mainly represents interest income accrued from restricted cash.

(v)  Others mainly include prepaid miscellaneous service fee, staff advance and prepaid rental fee.

Note 5 – Property, plant and equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment consist of the following:

For the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company capitalized US$1,337,039 and US$387,324 of interest costs as a component of the cost of construction in progress. Depreciation expense on property, plant and equipment was allocated to the following expense items:

Note 6 - Prepayments to equipment and construction suppliers

(i) On September 26, 2016 and February 28, 2017, HLJ Xinda Group entered into equipment purchase contracts with Hailezi for a total consideration of RMB782.2 million (equivalent to US$110.4 million) to purchase storage facility and other equipment, which will be used for upgrading the storage system of warehouse located in Harbin, China. Pursuant to the contracts with Hailezi, HLJ Xinda Group prepaid RMB621.6 million (equivalent to US$87.7 million) during the first quarter of 2017.  Due to a redesign of outdoor storage facility in June 2017, HLJ Xinda Group entered into a supplementary agreement with Hailezi, which decreased the original contract amount to RMB283.7 million (equivalent to US$40.0 million). Hailezi refunded RMB369.1 million (equivalent to US$52.1 million) to HLJ Xinda Group on June 22, 2017. On September 25, 2019, HLJ Xinda Group entered into a supplementary agreement with Hailezi, pursuant to which the total contract amount was increased to RMB332.5 million (equivalent to US$46.9 million). As of March 31, 2020, HLJ Xinda Group has prepaid RMB255.0 million (equivalent to US$36.1 million) for the above contracts. 

On July 21, 2017, HLJ Xinda Group entered into three investment agreements with the Management Committee of Harbin Economic- Technological Development Zone with respect to the industrial project for 300,000 metric tons of biological composite materials, the industrial project for upgrading existing equipment for 100,000 metric tons of engineering plastics and the industrial project for a 3D printing intelligent manufacture demonstration factory and a 3D printing display and experience cloud factory (the "HLJ Project"). In order to fulfill the agreements, HLJ Xinda Group entered into an equipment purchase contract with Hailezi to purchase production equipment in November 2017, which will be used for 100,000 metric tons of engineering plastics located in Harbin, for a consideration of RMB939.7 million (equivalent to US$132.6 million). Pursuant to the contract with Hailezi, HLJ Xinda Group has prepaid RMB920.9 million (equivalent to US$130.0 million) in total as of December 31, 2018. During 2019, HLJ Xinda Group entered into a supplementary agreement with Hailezi, pursuant to which the contract amount was increased to RMB958.7 million (equivalent to US$135.3 million). As of March 31, 2020, all equipment has been delivered and the prepayment was transferred to construction in progress.

In connection with the HLJ project, in June and July 2018, HLJ Xinda Group entered into two equipment purchase contracts with Hailezi to purchase production equipment, which will be used for 300,000 metric tons of biological based composite material, located in Harbin, for a consideration of RMB1,906.8 million (equivalent to US$269.1 million). Pursuant to the contracts with Hailezi, HLJ Xinda Group has prepaid RMB540.0 million (equivalent to US$76.2 million) as of March 31, 2020.

On March 17, 2017, Sichuan Xinda entered into a definitive agreement with the People's Government of Shunqing District, Nanchong City of Sichuan Province for the production of 300,000 metric tons of bio-composite materials and additive manufacturing and 20,000 metric tons of functional masterbatch, a high-end color additive process in plastics manufacturing (the "Nanchong Project"). The Nanchong Project will be located in a land area of 250 mu (equivalent to 41.2 acres), with 215 mu designated for bio-composite materials and additive manufacturing production and 35 mu to be designated for functional masterbatch production. The projected total capital expenditures for the project is approximately RMB2.5 billion (equivalent to US$352.9 million).

In connection with the Nanchong Project, Sichuan Xinda entered into equipment purchase contracts with Hailezi to purchase production equipment and testing equipment. Pursuant to the contracts with Hailezi, Sichuan Xinda prepaid RMB1,728.9 million (equivalent to US$244.0 million) in the first quarter of year 2017. In 2017, in order to ensure the traceability of the product and management of supply chain, Sichuan Xinda expected to launch an integrated ERP system, which resulted in the equipment to be purchased under the original contracts with Hailezi not meeting the production requirements. Hailezi agreed to refund the prepayment in the amount of RMB1,704.9 million (equivalent to US$240.6 million) by the end of March 2018, the remaining uncancelled amount is RMB24.0 (equivalent to US$3.4 million). As of December 31, 2017, Sichuan Xinda signed a supplementary agreement with Hailezi, pursuant to the agreement, Sichuan Xinda agreed to pay RMB12.4 million (equivalent to US$1.8 million) to Hailezi for the compensation of Hailezi due to the termination of the purchase contracts. In January 2018, Hailezi refunded the above-mentioned prepayment. The Company received the testing equipment in the amount of RMB3.2 million (equivalent to US$0.5 million) in November 2018, the remaining balance of the uncancelled prepayment as of March 31, 2020 was RMB20.8 million (equivalent to US$2.9 million).

In connection with the Nanchong Project, on June 21, 2018, Sichuan Xinda entered into another equipment purchase contract with Hailezi to purchase production equipment and testing equipment for a consideration of RMB1,900 million (equivalent to US$268.2 million). Pursuant to the contract with Hailezi, Sichuan Xinda has prepaid RMB1,710 million (equivalent to US$241.4 million) as of March 31, 2020.

On December 3, 2019, HLJ Xinda Group entered into two equipment purchase contracts with Hailezi to purchase production equipment used to upgrade Qinling Road Factory (“Qinling Road Project”) and Jiangnan Road Factory (“Jiangnan Road Project”) in Harbin. Total consideration is RMB162.0 million (equivalent to US$22.9 million) and RMB713.6 million (equivalent to US$100.7 million) for Qinling Road Project and Jiangnan Road Project respectively. Pursuant to the contracts with Hailezi, HLJ Xinda has prepaid RMB129.6 million (equivalent to US$18.3 million) and RMB570.9 million (equivalent to US$80.7 million) respectively for Qinling Road Project and Jiangnan Road Project as of March 31, 2020. 

The table below summarized the balance of prepayments to Hailezi for each of the projects as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and the movements of the prepayments:

(ii) Since November 15, 2016, Sichuan Xinda entered into decoration contracts with Sichuan Beijin Construction Engineering Company Limited ("Beijin Construction") to perform indoor and outdoor decoration work for a consideration of RMB264.3 million (equivalent to US$37.3 million). Pursuant to the contracts with Beijin Construction, Sichuan Xinda has prepaid RMB122.6 million (equivalent to US$17.3 million) as of March 31, 2020, of which RMB74.0 million (equivalent to US$10.4 million) was transferred to construction in progress.

(iii) On October 20, 2016, Sichuan Xinda entered into an equipment purchase contract with Peaceful Treasure Limited ("Peaceful") for a total consideration of RMB89.8 million (equivalent to US$12.7 million) to purchase certain production and testing equipment. The Company prepaid RMB33.9 million (equivalent to US$4.8 million) as of March 31, 2020.

On May 31, 2019, Dubai Xinda entered into an equipment purchase contract with Peaceful for a total consideration of US$18.8 million to purchase storage and testing equipment. The Company has prepaid US$16.7 million as of March 31, 2020.

(iv) On January 10, 2020, Heilongjiang Xinda New Materials Co., Ltd. (“HLJ New Materials”), a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a purchase agreement with Harbin Xinda High-Tech Co., Ltd. (“Xinda High-Tech”) to purchase the land use right, buildings and facilities of Dalian Road Factory from Xinda High-Tech for a consideration of RMB120.3 million (equivalent to USD17.0 million). On January 23, 2020, HLJ New Materials has paid the consideration to Xinda High-Tech. As of March 31, 2020, the transfer procedures were not completed and were expected to be completed in the fourth quarter of 2020.

Note 7 – Borrowings

The Company has credit facilities with several banks under which they draw short-term and long-term bank loans as described below.

(a)  Current

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company's short-term bank loans (including the current portion of long-term bank loans) bear a weighted average interest rate of 5.0% and 5.0% per annum, respectively. All short-term bank loans mature at various times within one year and contain no renewal terms.

(i) In July 2019, HLJ Xinda Group obtained a one-year short-term bank loan of RMB99.9 million (equivalent to US$14.1 million) from Bank of China. Pursuant to the loan contract, the amount of external guarantee provided by HLJ Xinda Group shall not exceed 20% of its net assets. As of March 31, 2020, the external guarantee amount was higher than 20% of its net assets, which resulted in a breach of the loan covenants, and Bank of China has the right to declare the above loan be immediately due and payable. For details of the guarantee, please refer to note 17.

(ii) As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had US$63.5 million and US$64.5 million of short-term bank loans secured by accounts receivables of US$80.7 million and US$92.2 million, respectively. 

(iii) As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had US$14.1 million and US$14.3 million of short-term bank loans secured by restricted cash of US$1.4 million and US$1.4 million, respectively.

(iv) On October 2, 2019, Xinda Holding (HK) Company Limited ("Xinda Holding (HK)"), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a facility agreement for a one-year loan facility in an aggregate amount of US$135.0 million with a consortium of banks and financial institutions led by Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Macau) Limited. The Company made the drawdown on December 18, 2019. The interest rate of the loan is 2.0% plus three-month LIBOR. The Company incurred agency fee and arrangement fee in the amount of US$7.2 million for the loan of which the unamortized balance was US$5.2 million as of March 31, 2020. Loan issuance costs are presented on the consolidated balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the loan and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate of 10.10% as of March 31, 2020. Xinda Holding (HK) prepaid US$5.0 million loan in March 2020.

As of March 31, 2020, the loan was secured by US$57.4 million restricted cash. Covenants of the syndicated loan facility included but not limited to: the consolidated tangible net worth of the Company shall not at any time be less than US$650 million (or its equivalent), the ratio of the consolidated total liabilities to consolidated total assets of the Company shall not at any time exceed 0.70:1.00, and interest cover in respect of each relevant period shall not be less than 2.50:1.00.

(v) In November 2019, the Company obtained a one-year short-term loan of RMB40.0 million (equivalent to US$5.6 million) from Bank of Inner Mongolia. As of March 31, 2020, the Company pledged inventories in amount of approximately US$39.5 million for the above loan and bills payable in amount of RMB142.0 million (equivalent to US$20.0 million) issued by Bank of Inner Mongolia.

(b) Non-current

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company's long-term bank loans (excluding the current portion of long-term bank loans) bear a weighted average interest rate of 5.3% and 5.4% per annum, respectively.

(i) On December 26, 2018, the Company obtained a five-year secured loan of AED8.0 million (equivalent to US$2.2 million) from National Bank of Umm Al Qaiwain at an interest rate of three-month EBOR (1.73% as of March 31, 2020) plus 3.75%. The long-term loan was secured by an undated cheque of AED8.8 million (US$2.4 million) favouring the bank provided by Dubai Xinda. The cheque would not be cashed by the bank unless Dubai Xinda defaults. Principal will be repaid in ten half-yearly installments of AED0.8 million (equivalent to US$0.2 million) each. The Company repaid AED1.6 million (equivalent to US$0.5 million) during 2019.

(ii) As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company's long-term unsecured bank loans (excluding the current portion of long-term bank loans) bear a weighted average interest rate of 5.3% and 5.5% per annum, respectively. The Company’s long-term unsecured bank loans (excluding the current portion of long-term bank loans) will mature serially from 2021 to 2027.

In 2016 and 2017, the Company obtained long term unsecured loans of RMB135.0 million (equivalent to US$19.1 million) from Bank of China at an annual interest rate of 4.75%, and the loan balance as of March 31, 2020 was RMB95.0 million (equivalent to US$13.4 million), which will be due in 2020. As of March 31, 2020, the Company was providing external guarantees without the bank’s consent, in addition, inventory turnover and accounts receivable turnover for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020 was below requirement of the financial covenants in the loan contract, which resulted in a breach of the loan covenants. According to the loan contract, Bank of China has the right to declare the above loans be immediately due and payable. For details of the guarantee, please refer to note 17. The loan balance of RMB95.0 million (equivalent to US$13.4 million) was classified as short-term bank loans in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2020. 

Maturities on long-term bank loans (including current portion) are as follows:

Note 8 – Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:

(i) Contract liabilities mainly represent the advance received from customers in the PRC for the finished goods and raw materials purchases. The change in contract liabilities primarily represents the cash received, less amounts recognized as revenues during the period.

(ii) Others mainly represent accrued payroll and employee benefits, accrued audit and consulting fees, electricity fee and other accrued miscellaneous operating expenses.

Note 9 – Related party transactions

The related party transactions are summarized as follows:

The related party balances are summarized as follows:

 Note 10 – Income tax

Pursuant to an approval from the local tax authority in July 2013, Sichuan Xinda, a subsidiary of China XD, became a qualified enterprise located in the western region of the PRC, which entitled it to a preferential income tax rate of 15% from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2020. Under the current laws of Dubai, Dubai Xinda, a subsidiary of China XD, is exempted from income taxes.

The effective income tax rates for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were negative 8.8% and 24.9%, respectively. The effective income tax rate decreased from 24.9% for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019 to negative 8.8% for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020, primarily due to the operating loss incurred as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

As of March 31, 2020, the unrecognized tax benefits were US$35,810,265 and the interest relating to unrecognized tax benefits was US$14,783,500, of which the unrecognized tax benefits in year 2014 amounting to US$5,568,785 and related accrued interest amounting to US$4,847,628 were classified as current liabilities as the five-year tax assessment period will expire on May 31, 2020. No penalties expense related to unrecognized tax benefits were recorded. The Company is currently unable to provide an estimate of a range of the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that is reasonably possible to change significantly within the next twelve months.

Note 11 – Deferred income

On January 26, 2015, the Company entered into a memorandum and a fund support agreement (the "Agreement") with the People's Government of Shunqing District, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province ("Shunqing Government") pursuant to which Shunqing Government, through its investment vehicle, extended to the Company RMB350 million (equivalent to US$49.4 million) to support the construction of the Sichuan plant, which has been received in full in the form of government repayment of bank loans on behalf of the Company.

In addition, the Company has received RMB333.2 million (equivalent to US$46.9 million) from Shunqing Government and RMB6.4 million (equivalent to US$0.9 million) from Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China to support the construction and RMB7.5 million (equivalent to US$1.1 million) special funds of ministerial key research projects from Ministry of Science and Technology of PRC as of March 31, 2020.

The Company has also received RMB45.0 million (equivalent to US$6.4 million) from Harbin Bureau of Finance to support the construction of the 300,000 metric tons of biological composite materials project in Heilongjiang as of March 31, 2020.

Since the funding is related to the construction of long-term assets, the amounts were recognized as government grant, which is included in deferred income on the consolidated balance sheets, and to be recognized as other income in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) over the periods and in the proportions in which depreciation expense on the long-term assets is recognized.

The Sichuan factory has been operational since July 2016. A cumulative RMB123.9 million (equivalent to US$17.5 million) government grants have been amortized as other income proportionate to the depreciation of the related assets, of which RMB8.3 million (equivalent to US$1.2 million) was amortized in the three-month period ended March 31, 2020.

The Company also received RMB36.0 million (equivalent to US$5.1 million) from Shunqing Government with respect to interest subsidy for bank loans. A cumulative RMB16.4 million (equivalent to US$2.3 million) government grants have been amortized as other income in line with the amount of related loan interest accrued.

Note 12 – Other non-current liabilities

(i) Income tax payable-noncurrent represents the repatriation tax, the accumulative balance of unrecognized tax benefits since 2015 and related accrued interest. According to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017, the management recognized the amount of U.S. tax corporate income tax is US$70,965,148 based on the deemed repatriation to the United States of accumulated earnings mandated by the U.S. tax reform, US$22,708,848 of which due payable within one year was classified as current liabilities.

Note 13 – Mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests

On January 22, 2020, a third party investor acquired 36.21% and 38.08% of the equity interest of the Company’s two wholly owned PRC subsidiaries at a consideration of RMB325.0 million (equivalent to US$45.9 million). The Company shall redeem 50% of the equity interest owned by the noncontrolling shareholder on January 21, 2024 and the remaining 50% on January 21, 2025 at a total redemption value of RMB325.0 million. The noncontrolling shareholder is also entitled to an interest at 1.5% per annum. The Company has pledged its 63.79% and 61.92% equity interest of the two subsidiaries to the noncontrolling shareholder as a guarantee for its obligation on the redemption.

The mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests were recorded as a liability on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet and initially recorded at the fair value of US$45.9 million and are subsequently carried at the present value of the redemption value.

Note 14 – Stockholders' equity

The changes of each caption of stockholders' equity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020 are as follows:

Note 15 – Stock based compensation

On January 10, 2020, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of 2020 Stock Option / Stock Issuance Plan (the "2020 Plan"), under which 13,000,000 shares of common stock are reserved for issuance. The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of stock options and stock issuances to employees, directors and independent contractors who provide services to the Company and/or its affiliates.

Non-vested shares

On February 20, 2020, the Company's Board of Directors approved the grant of 3,000,000 non-vested shares to Mr. Jie Han and an employee with a performance condition that the Company or its subsidiaries receive certain amount of bank credit prior to April 30, 2020 and complete certain amount of drawdown from such credit line prior to June 30, 2020. The awards will be forfeited if the performance condition is not met. As of March 31, 2020, the Company assessed that the achievement of above performance condition was not probable, and no share-based compensation expense related to the non-vested shares was recognized for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020.

On February 20, 2020, the Company's Board of Directors approved the grant of 1,000,000 non-vested shares to two nonemployee consultants providing certain financing advisory service for the Company. As of March 31, 2020, the service has not been rendered and no share-based compensation expense related to the non-vested shares was recognized for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020.

A summary of the non-vested shares activity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020 is as follows:

As of March 31, 2020, there was US$6.0 million unrecognized compensation cost relating to the nonvested shares. 

Note 16 - Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated as follows:

The following table summarizes potentially dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 because their effects are anti-dilutive:

Note 17 - Commitments and contingencies

(1) Sichuan plant construction and equipment purchase

On March 8, 2013, Xinda Holding (HK) entered into an investment agreement with Shunqing Government, pursuant to which Xinda Holding (HK) will invest RMB1.8 billion in property, plant and equipment and approximately RMB0.6 billion in working capital, for the construction of Sichuan plant. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has a remaining commitment of RMB38.5 million (equivalent to US$5.5 million) mainly for facility construction.

In September 2016, Sichuan Xinda entered into equipment purchase contracts with Harbin Hailezi Science and Technology Co., Ltd. ("Hailezi") for a consideration of RMB17.0 million (equivalent to US$2.4 million) to purchase storage facility and testing equipment. Afterward, Sichuan Xinda cancelled two contracts with Hailezi for a consideration of RMB1.6 million (equivalent to US$0.2 million). As of March 31, 2020, Sichuan Xinda has a remaining commitment of RMB9.4 million (equivalent to US$1.3 million).

On October 20, 2016, Sichuan Xinda entered into an equipment purchase agreement purchase contract with Peaceful Treasure Limited ("Peaceful") for a total consideration of RMB89.8 million (equivalent to US$12.7 million) to purchase certain production and testing equipment. As of March 31, 2020, Sichuan Xinda has a commitment of RMB55.9 million (equivalent to US$7.9 million).

On November 15, 2016 and February 20, 2017, Sichuan Xinda entered into decoration contracts with Beijin Construction to perform indoor and outdoor decoration work for a consideration of RMB240.5 million (equivalent to US$33.9 million). On June 10, 2017, Sichuan Xinda entered into another decoration contract with Beijin Construction to perform ground decoration work for a consideration of RMB23.8 million (equivalent to US$3.4 million). As of March 31, 2020, Sichuan Xinda has a remaining commitment of RMB141.7 million (equivalent to US$20.0 million).

Pursuant to the Nanchong Project mentioned in Note 6 (i), Sichuan Xinda entered into equipment purchase contracts with Hailezi for a consideration of RMB2,242.8 million (equivalent to US$316.6 million) to purchase production equipment and testing equipment in March 2017. By the end of June 2017, Sichuan Xinda was about to launch a system including MES, SAP, ERP and CRM which caused the equipment of original contracts with Hailezi cannot meet the production requirement. Thus the original contracts have been partially terminated with the uncancelled contract amount to be RMB18.0 million (equivalent to US$2.5 million). As of March 31, 2020, Sichuan Xinda has a remaining commitment of RMB1.9 million (equivalent to US$0.3 million).

In connection with the Nanchong Project, on June 21, 2018, Sichuan Xinda entered into another equipment purchase contracts with Hailezi to purchase production equipment and testing equipment for a consideration of RMB1.9 billion (equivalent to US$268.2 million). As of March 31, 2020, Sichuan Xinda has a remaining commitment of RMB190.0 million (equivalent to US$26.8 million).

(2) Heilongjiang plant construction and equipment purchase

In connection with the equipment purchase contracts with Hailezi signed on September 26, 2016, February 28, 2017 and September 25, 2019 to purchase storage facility and other equipment mentioned in Note 6 (i), HLJ Xinda Group has a remaining commitment of RMB77.6 million (equivalent to US$11.0 million) as of March 31, 2020.

In connection with the HLJ Project mentioned in Note 6 (i), pursuant to the three investment agreements, the project total capital expenditure will be RMB4,015.0 million (equivalent to be US$566.7 million), among which the investment in fixed assets shall be no less than RMB3,295.0 million (equivalent to US$465.1 million) in total. Pursuant to the contracts with Hailezi signed in November 2017 and 2019 for 100,000 metric tons of engineering plastics located in Harbin mentioned in Note 6 (i), HLJ Xinda Group has a remaining commitment of RMB37.8 million (equivalent to US$5.3 million) as of March 31, 2020. 

In connection with the HLJ project, on June 25, 2018 and July 12, 2018, HLJ Xinda Group entered into two equipment purchase contracts with Hailezi to purchase production equipment, which will be used for 300,000 metrics tons of biological based composite material, located in Harbin, for a consideration of RMB1,906.8 million (equivalent to US$269.1 million). Pursuant to the contracts with Hailezi, HLJ Xinda Group has a remaining commitment of RMB1,366.8 million (equivalent to US$192.9 million) as of March 31, 2020.

In connection with the equipment purchase contracts with Hailezi for Qinling Road Project and Jiangnan Road Project mentioned in Note 6 (i), as of March 31, 2020, the Company has remaining commitments of RMB32.4 million (equivalent to US$4.6 million) and RMB142.7 million (equivalent to US$20.1 million) for Qinling Road Project and Jiangnan Road Project respectively.

(3) Dubai equipment purchase

On May 31, 2019, Dubai Xinda entered into an equipment purchase contract with Peaceful for a total consideration of US$18.8 million. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has a remaining commitment of US$2.1 million.

(4) Xinda CI (Beijing) office building decoration

On March 30, 2017, Xinda CI (Beijing) Investment Holding Co., Ltd. ("Xinda Beijing Investment") entered into a decoration contract with Beijing Fangyuan Decoration Engineering Co., Ltd. for a total consideration of RMB5.8 million (equivalent to US$0.8 million) to decorate office building. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has a remaining commitment of RMB3.8 million (equivalent to US$0.5 million).

On June 9, 2017, Xinda CI (Beijing) entered into a decoration contract with Beijing Zhonghongwufang Stone Co., Ltd. for a total consideration of RMB1.2 million (equivalent to US$0.2 million) to decorate office building. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has a remaining commitment of RMB0.6 million (equivalent to US$0.1 million).

(5) Guarantees

On December 25, 2018, HLJ Xinda Group, Sichuan Xinda and Mr. Jie Han provided guarantee to Heilongjiang Xinda Enterprise Group Shanghai New Materials Sales Company Limited (“Shanghai Sales”) obtaining a one-year loan of RMB500.0 million (equivalent to US$70.6) from Longjiang Bank, Harbin Branch with an annual interest rate of 6.09% from December 25, 2018 to December 24, 2019. On December 24, 2019, the loan was extended to October 23, 2020. If Shanghai Sales does not repay the above loan when due, HLJ Xinda Group, Sichuan Xinda and Mr. Jie Han shall be obliged to repay the RMB500.0 million loan. The loan was subsequently repaid early by Shanghai Sales in April 2020.

On April 15, 2019, Sichuan Xinda provided guarantee to Shanghai Sales obtaining a one-year loan of RMB800.0 million (equivalent to US$112.9 million) from Longjiang Bank, Harbin Branch with an annual interest rate of 6.09% from April 15, 2019 to April 14, 2020. If Shanghai Sales does not repay the above loan when due, Sichuan Xinda shall be obliged to repay the RMB800.0 million loan. The loan was subsequently repaid by Shanghai Sales in April 2020.

On December 3, 2019, HLJ Xinda Group provided guarantee to Heilongjiang Xinda Macromolecule Composite Materials Company Limited (“Macromolecule Composite Materials”) obtaining a one-year loan of RMB612.2 million (equivalent to US$86.4 million) from Longjiang Bank, Harbin Branch with an annual interest rate of 6.25%. If Macromolecule Composite Materials does not repay the above loan when due, HLJ Xinda Group shall be obliged to repay the RMB612.2 million loan. The loan was subsequently repaid early in April 2020.

In the event of Shanghai Sales and Macromolecule Composite Materials default on the loans, the Company’s material loss contingency would be RMB1,980.6 million (equivalent to US$279.5 million), including estimated interest expenses of RMB68.4 million (equivalent to US$9.6 million) as of March 31, 2020. As the Company estimated that the potential material loss contingency was not probable, no accrual for a loss contingency was recognized for the three-month ended March 31, 2020.

Note 18 - Revenues

Revenues consist of the following:

The following table provides sales by major customer group for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

Note 19 - Gains on disposal of a subsidiary

On November 13, 2018, HLJ Xinda Group entered into an agreement with Shanghai Sales, to transfer the wholly owned equity of Heilongjiang Xinda Enterprise Group (Shanghai) New Materials Research and Development Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai New Materials R&D") from HLJ Xinda Group to Shanghai Sales with no consideration as a result of group restructuring to streamline resources and improve operating efficiency.

The legal transfer was completed on February 1, 2019 and the Company recorded gains of US$0.5 million on disposal of Shanghai New Materials R&D for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019.

Note 20 - Leases

As of March 31, 2020, the Company had operating leases for land use rights and office with remaining terms expiring from 2022 through 2085. The weighted average remaining lease term excluding land use rights located in PRC as of March 31, 2020 was 17.1 years. Weighted average discount rate used in the calculation of the lease liabilities was 6.7%. The discount rate reflects the estimated incremental borrowing rate, which includes an assessment of the credit rating to determine the rate that the Company would have to pay to borrow, on a collateralized basis for a similar term, an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.

Lease cost for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:

As of March 31, 2020, the maturities of the operating lease liabilities are as follows:

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

We make forward-looking statements in this report, in other materials we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") or otherwise release to the public, and on our website. In addition, our senior management might make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, the media and others. Statements concerning our future operations, prospects, strategies, financial condition, future economic performance (including growth and earnings) and demand for our products and services, and other statements of our plans, beliefs, or expectations, including the statements contained in this Item 2 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation," regarding our future plans, strategies and expectations are forward-looking statements. In some cases these statements are identifiable through the use of words such as "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "plan," "project," "target," "can," "could," "may," "should," "will," "would" and similar expressions. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements because these forward-looking statements we make are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to various assumptions, risks, and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those suggested by these forward-looking statements. Thus, our ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects include, but are not limited to, changes in: economic conditions generally and the automotive modified plastics market specifically, legislative or regulatory changes that affect our business, including changes in regulation, the availability of working capital, the introduction of competing products, and other risk factors described herein. These risks and uncertainties, together with the other risks described from time-to-time in reports and documents that we filed with the SEC should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. Indeed, it is likely that some of our assumptions will prove to be incorrect. Our actual results and financial position will vary from those projected or implied in the forward-looking statements and the variances may be material. We expressly disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

Overview

China XD is one of the leading specialty chemical companies engaged in the research, development, manufacture and sale of modified plastics primarily for automotive applications in China, and to a lesser extent, in Dubai, UAE. Through our wholly-owned operating subsidiaries in China and UAE, we develop modified plastics using our proprietary technology, manufacture and sell our products primarily for use in the fabrication of automobile parts and components. We have 636 certifications from manufacturers in the automobile industry as of March 31, 2020. We are the only company certified as a National Enterprise Technology Center in modified plastics industry in Heilongjiang province.  Our Research and Development (the "R&D") team consists of 130 professionals and 6 consultants. As a result of the integration of our academic and technological expertise, we have a portfolio of 509 patents, 32 of which we have obtained the patent rights and the remaining 477 of which we have applications pending in China as of March 31, 2020.

Our products include twelve categories: Modified Polypropylene (PP), Modified Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Modified Polyamide 66 (PA66), Modified Polyamide 6 (PA6), Modified Polyoxymethylenes (POM), Modified Polyphenylene Oxide (PPO), Plastic Alloy, Modified Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS), Modified Polyimide (PI), Modified Polylactic acid (PLA), Poly Ether Ether Ketone (PEEK), and Polyethylene (PE).

The Company's products are primarily used in the production of exterior and interior trim and functional components of 31 automobile brands and 111 automobile models manufactured in China, including Audi, Mercedes Benz, BMW, Toyota, Buick, Chevrolet, Mazda, Volvo, Ford, Citroen, Jinbei, VW Passat, Golf, Jetta, etc.  Our research center is dedicated to the research and development of modified plastics, and benefits from its cooperation with well-known scientists from prestigious universities in China. We operate three manufacturing plants in Harbin, Heilongjiang in the PRC. Prior to December 2012, we had approximately 255,000 metric tons of annual production capacity across 58 automatic production lines utilizing German twin-screw extruding systems, automatic weighing systems and Taiwan conveyer systems. In December 2012, we further expanded our third production base in Harbin with additional 135,000 metric tons of annual production capacity, bringing total installed production capacity in our three production bases to 390,000 metric tons with additional 30 new production lines. In July 2017, our Harbin campus launched a new industrial project for upgrading existing equipment for 100,000 metric tons of engineering plastics. As a result, our production capacity in Harbin, Heilongjiang was downgraded to 290,000 MT. In 2019, our Harbin campus started two equipment projects in Qinling Road Factory (“Qinling Road Project”) and Jiangnan Road Factory (“Jiangnan Road Project”) for equipment upgrade and overhaul progress, which further downgraded our production capacity to 135,000 MT. The industrial project for upgrading existing equipment for 100,000 metric tons of engineering plastics was expected to be completed by the end of third quarter of 2020, Qinling Road Project and Jiangnan Road Project was expected to be completed by the end of 2020, thus bringing the production capacity in Harbin Campus back to 390,000 MT. Also, in July 2017, HLJ Xinda Group started an industrial project for 300,000 metric tons of biological composite materials, an industrial project for a 3D printing intelligent manufacture demonstration factory and a 3D printing display and experience cloud factory. This project with four workshops was formally broken ground in December 2019. The Company expects the gradual trial out by the end of 2022 and put into production by the end of 2023.

In December 2013, we broke ground on the construction of our fourth production plant in Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, with additional 300,000 metric tons of annual production capacity, which we expect will bring total domestic installed production capacity to 590,000 metric tons with the addition of 70 new production lines upon the completion of the construction of our fourth production plant. Sichuan Xinda has been supplying to its customers since 2013. We installed 50 production lines in the second half of 2016 in our Sichuan plant with production capacity of 216,000 metric tons during the year of 2017 and an additional 10 production lines in July 2018, bringing the total capacity to 259,200 metric tons. As of March 31, 2020, there is still construction ongoing on the site of our Sichuan plant which is expected to be completed by the end of the fourth quarter of 2020.

In order to develop potential overseas markets, Dubai Xinda obtained one leased property and two purchased properties, approximately 52,530 square meters in total, including one leased 10,000 square meters, and two purchased 20,206 and 22,324 square meters on January 25, 2015, June 28, 2016 and September 21, 2016, respectively, from Jebel Ali Free Zone Authority ("JAFZA") in Dubai, UAE, with constructed building comprising warehouses, offices and service blocks. In addition to the earlier 10 trial production lines in Dubai Xinda, the Company completed installing 45 production lines with 11,250 metric tons of annual production capacity by the end of November 2018, and an additional 30 production lines with 7,500 metric tons of annual production capacity. The Company estimates 22 production lines will be put into production in the fourth quarter of 2021, 8 production lines will be put into production in the second quarter of 2022, bringing total installed production capacity in Dubai Xinda to 21,250 metric tons, targeting high-end products for the overseas market.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company's manufacturing facilities in Harbin and Sichuan was temporarily shut down from early February 2020 to early March 2020 while our Dubai facilities was suspended operation from early February 2020 till current in accordance with the requirement of the local governments. The Company’s business was negatively impacted and generated lower revenue and net income during the period from February to April 2020. The extent of the impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition will depend on the virus' future developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak and the impact on the Company’s customers, which are still uncertain and cannot be reasonably estimated at this point of time.

Recent Development

On May 8, 2020, the Board of Directors received a preliminary nonbinding proposal letter from Mr. Han, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, XD. Engineering Plastics Company Limited (together with Mr. Han, the “Buyer Group”), a company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands and wholly owned by Mr. Han, proposing to acquire all of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company not already beneficially owned by the Buyer Group in a “going-private” transaction. The Board of Directors has established a special committee (the “Special Committee”), consisting of the following independent directors of the Company: Mr. Linyuan Zhai, Mr. Huiyi Chen and Mr. Guanbao Huang, with Mr. Huiyi Chen serving as chairperson of the Special Committee. The Special Committee is responsible for evaluating, negotiating and recommending to the Board any proposals involving a strategic transaction by the Company with one or more third parties. On June 15, 2020, the Company entered into an agreement and plan of merger in connection with the proposed going-private transaction. For details, please refer to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on June 15, 2020. There can be no assurance that the merger agreement or the transactions contemplated thereunder or any alternative transactions will be approved by our stockholders or consummated.

Highlights for the three months ended March 31, 2020 include:

●    Revenues were $144.8 million, a decrease of 52.0% from $301.5 million in the first quarter of 2019

●    Gross profit was $5.2 million compared to $50.3 million in the first quarter of 2019

●    Gross profit margin decreased to 3.6% from 16.7% in the first quarter of 2019

●    Net loss was $11.0 million compared to net income of $11.0 million in the first quarter of 2019

●    Total volume shipped was 28,326 metric tons, down 70.0% from 94,444 metric tons in the first quarter of 2019

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, statements of income data in thousands of USD:

Three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to three months ended March 31, 2019

Revenues

Revenues were US$144.8 million in the first quarter ended March 31, 2020, a decrease of US$156.7 million, or 52.0%, compared to US$301.5 million in the same period of last year. This was due to the decrease of 70.0% in sales volume, and 5.5% negative impact from exchange rate due to depreciation of RMB against US dollars, partially offset by an increase of 65.6% in the average RMB selling price of our products, as compared with those of the same period of last year.

(i) Domestic market

For the three months ended March 31, 2020, revenue from domestic market decreased by US$151.1 million or 51.1% as a combined result of: (i) a decrease of 69.8% in sales volume; (ii) a depreciation of RMB against USD by 5.5%; and partially offset by (iii) an increase of 67.4% in the average RMB selling price of our products, as compared with those of last year.

According to the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, automobile production and sales in China decreased by 45.2% and 42.4 %, respectively, for the first quarter of 2020 as compared to the same period of 2019. Due to the severe impact of COVID-19 pandemic, the macroeconomic conditions were exacerbated sharply resulting in ceased auto production and slack consumer market. The Company has temporarily closed its manufacturing facilities corporate offices in accordance with the requirement of the PRC government beginning in early February, with limited support from the Company’s employees, delayed access to raw material supplies and inability to deliver products to customers on a timely basis, the Company’s business was negatively impacted and has generated lower revenue during the period from February to April 2020.

Our domestic sales during the first quarter of 2020 severely decreased by 51.1% in all regions, as compared to the same period of the prior year, including decrease of sales by 58.6% in Northeast China, 26.1% in North China, 43.7% in East China, 74.9% in South China, 74.5% in Central China, and 64.7% in Southwest China for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period of 2019.

As for the RMB selling price, the increase of 67.4% was mainly due to sales of high-priced semi-finished goods in domestic market during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

(ii) Overseas market

For the three months ended March 31, 2020, revenues from overseas market was US$0.2 million as compared to US$5.8 million of that in 2019. The Dubai facility was temporarily shut down since late February and has not resumed its operation till the current period, which has negatively impacted operations in Dubai facility.

After a successful trial production at our production base in Dubai in November 2018, the Company has established business relationships with new customers in UAE and India, and shipped products to the end users in Europe and Southeast Asia. 

The following table summarizes the breakdown of revenues by categories in millions of US$: 

The following table summarizes the breakdown of metric tons (MT) by product mix:

The Company continued to shift production mix from traditional lower-end products such as PP to higher-end products such as PA66, primarily due to (i) greater growth potential of advanced modified plastics in luxury automobile models in China, (ii) the stronger demand as a result of promotion by the Chinese government for clean energy vehicles and (iii) better quality demand from and consumer recognition of higher-end cars made by automotive manufacturers from Chinese and Germany joint ventures, Sino-U.S. and Sino-Japanese joint ventures, which manufacturers tend to use more and higher-end modified plastics in quantity per vehicle in China.

Gross Profit and Gross Profit Margin

Gross profit was US$5.2 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2020, compared to US$50.3 million in the same period of 2019, representing a decrease of 89.7% or US$45.1 million. Our gross margin decreased sharply to 3.6% during the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from 16.7% during the same quarter of 2019 primarily due to (i) the decreased sales of finished goods as a result of COVID-19 pandemic; (ii) increased cost for idle capacity as a result of shutdown.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative (G&A) expenses were US$6.0 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2020 compared to US$8.8 million in the same period in 2019, representing a decrease of 31.8%, or US$2.8 million. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease of US$2.9 million in salary and welfare as a result of management's cost reduction measure to cope with impact form the COVID-19.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses were US$3.8 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2020 compared with US$10.1 million in the same period in 2019, representing a decrease of US$6.3 million, or 62.4%. This decrease was due to (i) a decrease of US$5.9 million in raw materials consumption, (ii) a decrease of US$0.1 million in salary and welfare for R&D personnel, and (iii) a decrease of US$0.3 million in depreciation.

As of March 31, 2020, the number of ongoing research and development projects was 325. We expect to complete and commence to realize economic benefits from approximately 25% of the projects in the near term. The majority of the projects are in the field of modified plastics in automotive applications and the rest are in advanced fields such as ships, airplanes, high-speed rail, medical devices, etc.

Operating Income (Loss)

Total operating loss was US$4.7 million in the first quarter ended March 31, 2020 compared to operating income of $31.2 million in the same period of 2019, representing a decrease of 115.1% or US$35.9 million. This decrease is primarily due to the lower gross margin, and partially offset by the lower operating expenses.

Interest Income (Expenses)

Net interest expenses were US$17.6 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020, compared to $17.1 million in the same period of 2019, representing an increase of 2.9% or US$0.5 million, primarily due to (i) the increase of average short-term and long-term loan balance in amount of US$999.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to US$990.1 million for the same period in 2019; (ii) the increase of interest expense resulting from the average loan interest rate increased to 5.55% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to 4.91% of the same period in 2019; (iii) the decrease of average deposit balance in amount of US$207.4 million for the first quarter ended March 31, 2020 compared to US$242.4 million for the same period in prior year; and (iv) the decrease of interest income resulting from the average deposit interest rate decreased to 0.63% for the first quarter ended March 31, 2020 compared to 0.72% of the same period in 2019.

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rates for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were negative 8.8% and 24.9%, respectively. The effective income tax rate decreased significantly from 24.9% for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019 to negative 8.8% for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020, primarily due to the operating loss incurred as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Our PRC and Dubai subsidiaries have US$188.6 million of cash and restricted cash as of March 31, 2020, which are planned to be indefinitely reinvested in the PRC and Dubai. Due to our policy of indefinitely reinvesting our earnings in our PRC business, we have not provided for deferred income tax liabilities related to PRC withholding income tax on undistributed earnings of our PRC subsidiaries. In addition, due to our policy of indefinitely reinvesting our earnings in Dubai, UAE, we have not provided for deferred income tax liabilities related to Dubai Xinda in Dubai, UAE, on undistributed earnings.
 

Net Income (Loss)

As a result of the above factors, we had a net loss of US$11.0 million in the first quarter of 2020 compared to a net income of US$11.0 million in the same quarter of 2019.

Selected Balance Sheet Data as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: