UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020

OR

For the transition period from ____________ to ____________

Commission file number: 001-38676

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(920) 652-3100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. x 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨  No  x

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

The number of shares of the issuer’s common stock, par value $0.01, outstanding as of May 11, 2020 was 7,155,856 shares.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Income

(In thousands, except per share data) (Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements  

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except per share data) (Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)

(In thousands) (Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Bank First Corporation (the “Company”) provides a variety of financial services to individual and corporate customers through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bank First, N.A. (the “Bank”). The Bank operates as a full-service financial institution with a primary market area including, but not limited to, the counties in which the Bank’s branches are located. The Bank has twenty-three locations located in Manitowoc, Outagamie, Brown, Winnebago, Sheboygan, Waupaca, Ozaukee, Monroe, Jefferson and Barron counties in Wisconsin. The Company and Bank are subject to the regulations of certain federal agencies and undergo periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities.

These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required by GAAP have been omitted or abbreviated. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (“Annual Report”).

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying disclosures. These estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future. Estimates are used in accounting for, among other items, the allowance for loan losses (“ALL”), valuation of loans in acquisition transactions, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, fair value of financial instruments, other-than-temporary impairment calculations, valuation of deferred tax assets, uncertain income tax positions and contingencies. Estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change for the Company include the determination of the ALL, the determination and assessment of deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the valuation of loans acquired in acquisition transactions; therefore, these are critical accounting policies. Factors that may cause sensitivity to the aforementioned estimates include but are not limited to: external market factors such as market interest rates and employment rates, changes to operating policies and procedures, changes in applicable banking or tax regulations, and changes to deferred tax estimates. Actual results may ultimately differ from estimates, although management does not generally believe such differences would materially affect the consolidated financial statements in any individual reporting period presented.

There have been no material changes or developments with respect to the assumptions or methodologies that the Company uses when applying what management believes are critical accounting policies and developing critical accounting estimates as previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report.

Recent Accounting Developments Adopted

In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-04, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment”. The amendments in this ASU were issued to address concerns over the cost and complexity of the two-step goodwill impairment test and resulted in the removal of the second step of the test. The amendments require an entity to apply a one-step quantitative test and record the amount of goodwill impairment as the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The new guidance did not amend the optional qualitative assessment of goodwill impairment. This ASU is intended to reduce the cost and complexity of the two-step goodwill impairment test and is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for testing performed after January 1, 2017. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” Certain aspects of this ASU were updated in November 2018 by the issuance of ASU 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses”. The main objective of the ASU is to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. To achieve this objective, the amendments in the ASU replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. During 2019 FASB issued ASU 2019-10 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for smaller, publicly traded companies, until interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022. This delay applies to the Company as it was classified as a “Smaller reporting company” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act as of the date ASU 2019-10 was enacted. Management is currently evaluating the potential impact of this update, although the general expectation in the banking industry is that the implementation of this standard will result in higher required balances in the ALL.

NOTE 2 – ACQUISITIONS

On July 12, 2019, the Company completed a merger with Partnership Community Bancshares, Inc. (“Partnership”), a bank holding company headquartered in Cedarburg, Wisconsin, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Bank Merger (“Merger Agreement”), dated as of January 22, 2019 and as amended on April 30, 2019, by and among the Company and Partnership, whereby Partnership merged with and into the Company, and Partnership Bank, Partnership’s wholly-owned banking subsidiary, merged with and into the Bank. Partnership’s principal activity was the ownership and operation of Partnership Bank, a state-chartered banking institution that operated four (4) branches in Wisconsin at the time of closing. The merger consideration totaled approximately $49.6 million.

Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, Partnership shareholders had the option to receive either 0.34879 shares of the Company’s common stock or $17.3001 in cash for each outstanding share of Partnership common stock, and cash in lieu of any remaining fractional share. The stock versus cash elections by the Partnership shareholders were subject to final consideration being made up of approximately $14.3 million in cash and 534,731 shares of Company common stock, valued at approximately $35.3 million (based on a value of $66.03 per share on the closing date).

For more information concerning this acquisition, see “Note 2 – Acquisition” in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report.

On November 20, 2019, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Tomah Bancshares, Inc. (“Timberwood”), a Wisconsin Corporation, under which Timberwood will merge with and into the Company and Timberwood’s banking subsidiary, Timberwood Bank, will merge with and into the Bank. The transaction is expected to close on May 15, 2020. Merger consideration consists of 100% common stock of the Company, and will total roughly $32.6 million, subject to the fair market valuation of the Company’s common stock on the date of closing. Based on results as of March 31, 2020, the combined company would have total assets of approximately $2.4 billion, loans of approximately $1.8 billion and deposits of approximately $2.0 billion.

NOTE 3 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The two-class method is used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Under the two-class method, earnings available to common shareholders for the period are allocated between common shareholders and participating securities according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. There were no anti-dilutive stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019.

The following table presents the factors used in the earnings per share computations for the period indicated.

(1) Participating securities are restrited stock awards whereby the stock certificates have been issued, are included in outstanding shares, receive dividends and can be voted, but have not vested.

NOTE 4 – SECURITIES

The Company’s securities available for sale as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is summarized as follows:

The Company’s securities held to maturity as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is summarized as follows:

The following table shows the fair value and gross unrealized losses of securities with unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:

As of March 31, 2020, the Company does not consider its securities with unrealized losses to be other-than-temporarily impaired, as the unrealized losses in each category have occurred as a result of changes in interest rates, market spreads and market conditions subsequent to purchase, not credit deterioration. The Company has the intent and ability to hold its securities to maturity or until par is recovered. There were no other-than-temporary impairments charged to earnings during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019.

The following is a summary of amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities by contractual maturity as of March 31, 2020. Contractual maturities will differ from expected maturities for mortgage-backed securities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations without penalties.

There were no sales of securities available for sale during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019.

NOTE 5 – LOANS, ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES, AND CREDIT QUALITY

The following table presents total loans by portfolio segment and class of loan as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

The ALL by loan type as of March 31, 2020 and 2019 is summarized as follows:

The Company’s past due loans as of March 31, 2020 is summarized as follows:

The Company’s past due loans as of December 31, 2019 is summarized as follows:

The Company utilizes a numerical risk rating system for commercial relationships. All other types of relationships (ex: residential, consumer, other) are assigned a “Pass” rating, unless they have fallen 90 days past due or more, at which time they receive a rating of 7. The Company uses split ratings for government guaranties on loans. The portion of a loan that is supported by a government guaranty is included with other Pass credits.

The determination of a commercial loan risk rating begins with completion of a matrix, which assigns scores based on the strength of the borrower’s debt service coverage, collateral coverage, balance sheet leverage, industry outlook, and customer concentration. A weighted average is taken of these individual scores to arrive at the overall rating. This rating is subject to adjustment by the loan officer based on facts and circumstances pertaining to the borrower. Risk ratings are subject to independent review.

Commercial borrowers with ratings between 1 and 5 are considered Pass credits, with 1 being most acceptable and 5 being just above the minimum level of acceptance.

Commercial borrowers rated 6 have potential weaknesses which may jeopardize repayment ability.

Borrowers rated 7 have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses such as the inability to demonstrate significant cash flow for debt service based on analysis of the company’s financial information. These loans remain on accrual status provided full collection of principal and interest is reasonably expected. Otherwise they are deemed impaired and placed on nonaccrual status. Borrowers rated 8 are the same as 7 rated credits with one exception: collection or liquidation in full is not probable.

The breakdown of loans by risk rating as of March 31, 2020 is as follows:

The breakdown of loans by risk rating as of December 31, 2019 is as follows:

The ALL represents management’s estimate of probable and inherent credit losses in the loan portfolio. Estimating the amount of the ALL requires the exercise of significant judgment and the use of estimates related to the amount and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogenous loans based on historical loss experience, and consideration of other qualitative factors such as current economic trends and conditions, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. The loan portfolio also represents the largest asset on the consolidated balance sheets. Loan losses are charged off against the ALL, while recoveries of amounts previously charged off are credited to the ALL. A provision for loan losses is charged to operations based on management’s periodic evaluation of the factors previously mentioned, as well as other pertinent factors.

The ALL consists of specific reserves for certain individually evaluated impaired loans and general reserves for collectively evaluated non-impaired loans. Specific reserves reflect estimated losses on impaired loans from management’s analyses developed through specific credit allocations. The specific reserves are based on regular analyses of impaired, non-homogenous loans greater than $250,000. These analyses involve a high degree of judgment in estimating the amount of loss associated with specific loans, including estimating the amount and timing of future cash flows and collateral values. The general reserve is based in part on the Bank’s historical loss experience which is updated quarterly. The general reserve portion of the ALL also includes consideration of certain qualitative factors such as 1) changes in lending policies and/or underwriting practices, 2) national and local economic conditions, 3) changes in portfolio volume and nature, 4) experience, ability and depth of lending management and other relevant staff, 5) levels of and trends in past-due and nonaccrual loans and quality, 6) changes in loan review and oversight, 7) impact and effects of concentrations and 8) other issues deemed relevant.

There are many factors affecting ALL; some are quantitative while others require qualitative judgment. The process for determining the ALL (which management believes adequately considers potential factors which might possibly result in credit losses) includes subjective elements and, therefore, may be susceptible to significant change. To the extent actual outcomes differ from management estimates, additional provisions for loan losses could be required that could adversely affect the Company’s earnings or financial position in future periods. Allocations of the ALL may be made for specific loans but the entire ALL is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off or for which an actual loss is realized. As an integral part of their examination process, various regulatory agencies review the ALL as well. Such agencies may require that changes in the ALL be recognized when such regulators’ credit evaluations differ from those of management based on information available to the regulators at the time of their examinations.

A summary of impaired loans individually evaluated as of March 31, 2020 is as follows:

A summary of impaired loans individually evaluated as of December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Interest recognized while these loans were impaired is considered immaterial to the consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

The following table presents loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. No loans in this table had a related allowance at either date, and therefore, the below disclosures were not expanded to include loans with and without a related allowance.

Due to the nature of these loan relationships, prepayment expectations have not been considered in the determination of future cash flows. Management regularly monitors these loan relationships, and if information becomes available that indicates expected cash flows will differ from initial expectations, it may necessitate reclassification between accretable and non-accretable components of the original discount calculation.

The following table represents the change in the accretable and non-accretable components of discounts on loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality for the three months ended March 31, 2020, and year ended December 31, 2019:

A troubled debt restructuring (TDR) includes a loan modification where a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and we grant a concession to that borrower that we would not otherwise consider except for the borrower’s financial difficulties. A TDR may be either on accrual or nonaccrual status based upon the performance of the borrower and management’s assessment of collectability. If a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status, it remains there until a sufficient period of performance under the restructured terms has occurred at which time it is returned to accrual status, generally six months. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 the Company had specific reserves of $-0- and $80,000 for TDRs, respectively, and none of them have subsequently defaulted.

The following table presents the TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2020. There were no TDRs during the same period in 2019.

NOTE 6 – MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS

Loans serviced for others are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. MSRs are recognized as separate assets when loans sold in the secondary market are sold with servicing retained. The Company utilizes a third-party consulting firm to determine an accurate assessment of the MSRs fair value. The third-party firm collects relevant data points from numerous sources. Some of these data points relate directly to the pricing level or relative value of the mortgage servicing while other data points relate to the assumptions used to derive fair value. In addition, the valuation evaluates specific collateral types, and current and historical performance of the collateral in question. The valuation process focuses on the non-distressed secondary servicing market, common industry practices and current regulatory standards. The primary determinants of the fair value of MSRs are servicing fee percentage, ancillary income, expected loan life or prepayment speeds, discount rates, costs to service, delinquency rates, foreclosure losses and recourse obligations. The valuation data also contains interest rate shock analyses for monitoring fair value changes in differing interest rate environments.

Following is an analysis of activity in the MSR asset:

The primary economic assumptions utilized by the Company in measuring the value of MSRs were constant prepayment speeds of 14.3 and 12.1 months as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and discount rates of 9.8% and 10% as of each period end.

NOTE 7 – NOTES PAYABLE

From time to time the Company utilizes FHLB advances to fund liquidity. At March 31, 2020 and December, 31, 2019, the Company had outstanding balances borrowed from the FHLB of $38.8 million and $39.8 million, respectively. The advances, rate, and maturities of FHLB advances were as follows:

Future maturities of borrowings were as follows:

The Company maintains a $5.0 million line of credit with a commercial bank. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 the Company had outstanding balances on this note of $5.0 million. The note requires monthly payments of interest at a variable rate, and is due in full on May 25, 2020.

The Company maintains a $5.0 million line of credit with another commercial bank. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 the Company had outstanding balances on this note of $5.0 million. The note requires monthly payments of interest at a variable rate, and is due in full on May 19, 2020.

NOTE 8 – SUBORDINATED NOTES

During September 2017, the Company entered into subordinated note agreements with three separate commercial banks. The Company had outstanding balances of $11.5 million under these agreements as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. These notes were all issued with 10- year maturities, carry interest at a variable rate payable quarterly, are callable on or after the sixth anniversary of the issuance dates, and qualify for Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

As a part of the Partnership acquisition, further detailed in Note 2, the Company assumed a subordinated note agreement with outstanding balance of $7.0 million, and a fair market value adjustment of $0.2 million ($0.1 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019). The total amount outstanding was $7.1 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The note matures on October 1, 2025, requires quarterly interest-only payments at a rate of 7.1% prior to maturity, and can be prepaid without penalty after October 1, 2020.

NOTE 9 – REGULATORY MATTERS

Banks and certain bank holding companies are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can initiate regulatory action.

The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, signed into law in May 2018 raised the threshold for those bank holding companies subject to the Federal Reserve’s Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement to $3 billion. As a result, as of the effective date of that change in 2018, the Company was no longer required to comply with the risk-based capital rules applicable to the Bank. The Federal Reserve may, however, require smaller bank holding companies to maintain certain minimum capital levels, depending upon general economic conditions and a bank holding company’s particular condition, risk profile and growth plans.

Under regulatory guidance for non-advanced approaches institutions, the Bank is required to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of common equity Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets. Additionally, under Basel III rules, the decision was made to opt-out of including accumulated other comprehensive income in regulatory capital. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.

Beginning in 2016, an additional conservation buffer was added to the minimum requirements for capital adequacy purposes, subject to a three year phase-in period. The capital conservation buffer was fully phased in January 1, 2019 at 2.50%.

Actual and required capital amounts and ratios are presented below at period-end: